Transcript Highlights:

• Montana Department of Revenue, and most recently Carson v. Makin here in Maine.
• Montana Department of Revenue and, most recently, Carson v. Makin right here over in Maine.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The hearing focused on House Bill 115-FN, which would remove the income cap from New Hampshire’s Education Freedom Account eligibility rules. Representative Valerie McDonnell, the bill’s sponsor, said the measure is intended to fund students rather than systems and to expand educational choice regardless of income or zip code. She described the change as a small statutory edit but argued it would have significant benefits, including helping families afford alternative education settings and testing costs such as AP exams. She also cited testimony from families who said EFAs helped children with special needs or difficult circumstances, and she argued the program is popular and cost-effective. Committee members questioned McDonnell about the bill’s fiscal impact and administration. One member asked whether removing the income cap would extend vouchers to families above the statewide median income and whether the change could cost more than $100 million annually; McDonnell said she did not agree with that estimate and pointed to Arizona as a comparison. Representative Wendy Thomas asked whether the bill should require stronger data-sharing from the Children’s Scholarship Fund, which administers the program, so the Department of Education and taxpayers could better track spending; McDonnell said the program already uses ClassWallet and regulated expenditures, and that the question was better directed to the administrator. Several members testified in opposition. Representative Wendy Thomas said the bill would increase costs for public schools, raise local property taxes, and worsen oversight problems. Representative Heath Howard argued the proposal would function as a subsidy for wealthy families already paying private tuition and said public education and special education should be funded first. Representative Megan Murray also opposed the bill, emphasizing the lack of a legal reporting requirement for EFA spending and the need for transparency, accountability, and attention to special education needs. Representative Sam Farrington supported expansion, sharing a constituent story about a student who left public school after harassment and benefited from private school placement. No vote or final action was taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• For what purpose does the gentleman from Montana seek recognition?

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Thursday, April 23, 2026, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• 03:40:53.440><c> is</c><03:40:53.600><c> not</c> They aren't having these conversations in Texas, Montana

Keywords: 981, all

Summary: The House convened with 58 members present and seven excused, establishing a quorum, and approved the April 15, 2026 journal as corrected. The chamber then moved through announcements recognizing visiting railroad workers, LIUNA Local 720, Colorado West Christian Schools, Religious Freedom Day, and several school and community groups, along with birthday acknowledgments and committee schedule notices. The House also adopted a motion to remove House Bill 1245 from special orders and returned it to the general orders second reading calendar, and set House Bills 1290, 1312, and 1321 as special orders. The House adopted Senate Joint Resolution 18, recognizing Nowruz and expressing support for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of the Iranian people, including the Women, Life, Freedom movement. Supporters described Nowruz as a holiday of renewal and resilience and tied the resolution to solidarity with Iranian communities. Representative Zokaie also spoke at length about the personal impact of war on Iranian families and urged a vote. The resolution passed 59-2 with four excused. The chamber then considered several bills in committee report. House Bill 1290, concerning assault and clarifying sentencing, was amended in Judiciary to remove the medical professional provision and passed after testimony emphasizing strangulation as a serious warning sign in domestic violence cases; it then passed the House. House Bill 1312, dealing with peace officer participation, POST Board composition, academy training, and related grants, was amended for clarity and passed the Judiciary report and then the bill. House Bill 1321, modifying the School Security Disbursement Program, had the Education Committee report defeated, but amendments were adopted to broaden eligible service providers and adjust funding language; the bill then passed as amended.

Transcript Highlights:

• insanely progressive states of Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Arizona, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana
• States of Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Arizona, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and Nebraska

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The House opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, the national anthem, leaves of absence, guest introductions, and memorial remarks honoring former Representative Carolyn Gargas of Hollis, who was remembered for her long House service, work on child and family issues, and community involvement. The House then adopted a consent calendar and approved a motion to withdraw House Bill 431, which would have created a commission to review draft rules on minimum standards for public school approval and state academic standards; the motion failed after a roll call vote, so the bill remained in play. The House next took up House Bill 109-FN, relative to false reports to law enforcement. The majority supported the bill as a way to add penalties for knowingly false reports about law enforcement officers, arguing officers deserve protection from false accusations and that the knowingly standard is a high bar. The minority opposed it as duplicative of existing law and warned it could chill legitimate complaints against police. After debate and a division vote, the majority committee report of ought to pass was adopted, 198-173. The House also considered House Bill 218-FN, which would provide victims of crime a free police report. The committee amendment changed the bill so victims would receive a written confirmation that a crime occurred rather than the initial police report, to avoid conflicts with right-to-know law and active-investigation confidentiality. Supporters said the change was a small but important clarification agreed to by law enforcement and domestic violence advocates, while opponents argued the original language was already workable and that the floor amendment was unnecessary. A division vote was requested on the amendment, and the transcript ends during that debate before the final outcome on HB 218 is shown.

Transcript Highlights:

• You know, I'm looking at Utah at almost three and a half million, Montana 1.5 million, Colorado 1.4 million

Bills: HB0068 , HB0062 , HB0127 , HB0109

Committee: House Revenue

Keywords: veterans, property tax exemption, disabled, service-connected disability, Wyoming, governmental claims, liability limits, inflation adjustment, public safety, local government insurance, HB0127, recreation mill levy, recreational facilities, public recreation, mill levy, property tax, local tax, county commissioners, school district levy, voter approval

Transcript Highlights:

• Research actually shows from Montana State University that states that do not have a standalone semester

Bills: HB6 , HB27 , HB 123 , HB210 , HB213 , HB222 , HB610 , HB 1085 , HB1481 , HB6 , HB27 , HB123 , HB210 , HB213 , HB222

Committee: House Public Education

Keywords: mental health, telehealth, public schools, discipline management, behavioral interventions, financial literacy, high school education, curriculum requirements, economics, personal finance, HB 123, kindergarten readiness, early literacy, early numeracy, reading screening, math screening, foundational literacy, foundational numeracy, dyslexia screening, reading intervention

Transcript Highlights:

• legislature kind of put a slow roll on that, but in those seven states where they like California and Montana
• legislature kind of put a slow roll on that, but in those seven states where they like California and Montana

Committee: House Labor, Industrial and Rehabilitative Services

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Montana and West Virginia were the two added since January, and an updated map may have been sent with

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The subcommittee first took up House Bill 525, which would have transferred administration of the program for the deaf and hard of hearing and the related board to OPLC. The chair said the sponsor was no longer interested in moving forward, and Representative Schmidt moved ITL. The motion passed 14-0 with two members absent, and the bill was placed on the consent calendar. The committee then considered Senate Bill 182 on the maternal mortality review committee. The chair described a narrower amendment that would keep the name change, clarify operations so recommendations are returned to the appropriate entities, and expand contact with family members and close contacts, while dropping a proposed addition of a Department of Corrections member. The amendment was adopted unanimously, and the bill was then moved ITL and placed on the consent calendar. Senate Bill 185, dealing with OPLC investigations and backlog reduction, received an update from OPLC General Counsel Nicholas Fry. He described efforts to improve public communication, clear the complaint backlog, standardize intake and expert review, add automated responses and website updates, use weekly legal-viability reviews, create preliminary investigation protocols, and establish a process for law-enforcement referrals. Members asked about board involvement and criminal-conviction cases; Fry said boards are kept informed and that such matters can proceed either through complaints or application/background-check processes. Representative Groa requested a follow-up update in January, and the committee agreed to an oral report then if needed. The bill was then voted ITL unanimously and placed on the consent calendar. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 349 on optometrists performing ophthalmologic laser procedures. Dr. Angelique Sawyer testified in support, saying the amendment adds more specific proctoring and qualification requirements, based on language requested after earlier hearings, and that similar systems exist in other states. Representative Sers confirmed that the new sections were the key additions, while Representative Schmidt said he remained open to the concept but wanted a thorough review and asked about a subcommittee. The discussion was still ongoing when the transcript ended, with no vote recorded on HB 349.

Transcript Highlights:

• Speaker, I'm pleased to yield two minutes to the gentleman from Montana.
• Gentleman from Montana is recognized for two minutes. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Wednesday, March 4, 2026, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• obviously, depending on the answers that I provide, that's how they're going to see, okay, let taking Montana

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee first heard from the Personnel Appeals Board, which explained that it became an independent state agency after Senate Bill 487 and was presenting its first standalone operating budget. The board described its quasi-judicial role in hearing appeals from classified state employees over disciplinary actions such as warnings, suspensions, and terminations, and said it handles about 25 to 35 cases a year, with some cases lasting longer because of their complexity. Members also outlined the need for a chair and vice chair who are attorneys, the board’s current staffing and space needs, and its plan to move away from reliance on Administrative Services for office support and website functions. The board requested about $353,500 for fiscal year 2026, including startup costs, routine operating expenses, and two new part-time positions: a program director and a paralegal. Members said the budget reflects the new independent status, includes funding for only four board members rather than the authorized five, and is designed to avoid full-time staffing costs and benefits. Legislators asked about the cost per case, the board’s relationship to DAS, whether appeals must go through the board before court, and how often cases are appealed further. The board said appeals must first go through it, that court appeals are infrequent but have increased recently, and that the board’s process is intended to resolve disputes more quickly and less expensively than court litigation. Committee members also asked about the board’s caseload, outcomes, and staffing. The board said that in the prior year there were 22 cases, with four decisions overturned in favor of employees, nine dismissals, and nine settlements, and that many disputes are resolved before reaching the board through a multi-step internal process. A member noted the governor and council had recently approved a new board member and were expected to approve a fifth soon. The discussion ended with questions about the board’s website and records access, which members said would need to be moved from Administrative Services as part of the agency’s transition. The committee then moved to the New Hampshire Council on Developmental Disabilities. The executive director explained that the council is 100 percent federally funded under the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act and develops a five-year plan to address the needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. She said the council works with state agencies and advocacy organizations on quality-of-life issues, accessibility, voter rights training, and plain-language or easy-to-read materials, and that 60 percent of its membership must be individuals with disabilities or family members/guardians. She also described the council’s funding structure, including reimbursement to the state for operating costs, and noted that it currently has three full-time and three part-time positions, with no new positions requested but one full-time position being eliminated and replaced after a pandemic-era staffing change did not work out as planned.

Transcript Highlights:

• And those states are New Hampshire, Florida, which you just heard about, and also Montana, which has

Committee: House Judiciary

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• North Dakota heard this legislation yesterday, and we expect Oklahoma, Kansas, Iowa, Montana, Utah, Wyoming

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The House Commerce Committee opened a public hearing on House Bill 310, sponsored by Representative Keith Ammon, which would create a study commission to develop a legal framework for stable tokens and tokenized real-world assets. Ammon described stable tokens as blockchain-based digital tokens backed by U.S. dollars or treasuries, and tokenized real-world assets as representations of ownership in items such as gold, real estate, or artwork. He said the bill is intended to help New Hampshire get ahead of emerging financial markets while waiting to see how federal legislation develops. Committee members asked about the purpose of the bill, the difference between this proposal and Bitcoin, whether state regulation could be preempted by federal law, and whether the commission could be balanced and avoid becoming a vehicle for fraud or money laundering. Ammon said the proposal is blockchain-agnostic, could apply to multiple networks, and is meant to regulate asset-backed tokens rather than create a state-issued coin. He emphasized that the state would not be guaranteeing the underlying assets, but would set rules requiring audits, proof of reserves, and honest representation of backing, with the Secretary of State’s securities office involved in oversight. Several members raised concerns about the risks of stablecoins, including money laundering, tax evasion, and possible harm to the dollar or confusion about whether the state was endorsing a new currency. Ammon responded that the bill would not undermine the dollar and argued that tokenization could actually expand demand for U.S. currency by making it easier to use globally. He also said the state would not be in the business of weighing assets or directly valuing them, only ensuring a valid audit trail and one-to-one backing. The discussion ended with general agreement that the subject is complex and that a commission could help develop future legislation, but no vote or final action was taken in the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• Ellie told me that a couple of states, Montana and Oregon, have considered but not adopted statewide

Committee: House Transportation

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So, um, I believe we have a couple in Montana. Um, we have Salt Lake.

Committee: Joint Select Committee on School Finance Recalibration

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• relatively small state like New Hampshire, uh, we don't have, uh, in large states like Arizona or Montana

Committee: House Commerce and Consumer Affairs

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The hearing focused on House Bill 1281, which would establish standards and voluntary certification for agency-owned “facility comfort dogs” used by police and other public safety agencies. Representative Morton, the prime sponsor, said the bill is intended to create a consistent statewide framework because different departments currently use different policies. He emphasized that the bill is meant to distinguish comfort dogs from service animals, emotional support animals, and therapy dogs, and noted that a small amendment may be needed to make that distinction clearer. He also said the bill is timely under the ADA because comfort dogs fall outside service-animal protections, but still need training standards for public safety and consistency. Committee members questioned whether the bill was too detailed and whether the legislature should be setting rules on matters like training methods, diet, and breeding. Laura Barker of Hero Pups, who helped train New Hampshire’s first police comfort dog, supported the idea of a minimum standard but said the bill should be less prescriptive and should not interfere with therapy dogs or private handlers. She explained that comfort dogs vary in temperament and deployment needs, that raw diets raise zoonotic disease concerns, and that the program should remain voluntary and not cost the state money. Detective Michelle Jones of Portsmouth Police opposed the bill as written, saying the term “facility comfort dog” is confusing, the bill is overly restrictive, and some provisions go beyond what should be mandated by statute; she suggested a more flexible, guideline-based approach and noted that departments already have their own SOPs and can enforce them internally. Justin Brassen of the Manchester Police Department also testified, describing the history of comfort dog programs in New Hampshire and the work of a prior subcommittee formed through the governor’s commission on PTSD among first responders. He said there are currently no statewide standards and that the earlier study involved police, fire, EMS, dispatch, corrections, and NAMI New Hampshire, with the goal of creating a thoughtful work product. He agreed the bill needs work and answered questions about how departments handle training and public access. By the end of the hearing, members and witnesses discussed possible amendments, and one committee member suggested the bill may be better handled through interim study because of the amount of work still needed.

Transcript Highlights:

• insanely progressive states of Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Arizona, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• number four Alabama, number five Wyoming, number six Louisiana, number seven Arkansas, number eight Montana

Keywords: 1183, house

Bills: SB2405 , SB2406 , SB2407 , SB6 , SB7 , SB36 , SB38 , SB815 , SB1856 , SB379 , SB1171 , SB1121 , SB1061 , SB1036 , SB1019 , SB890 , SB11 , SB868 , SB1188 , SB1120 , SB1254 , SB2778 , SB2543 , SB2443 , SB1333 , SB1259 , SB1401 , SB1404 , SB2139 , SB2165 , SB2237 , SB2268 , SB1202 , SB1198 , SB1212 , SB1451 , SB1470 , SB1498 , SB965 , SB1547 , SB1667 , SB1818 , SB1902 , SB2129 , SB2078 , SB2069 , SB1737 , SB1589 , SB1318 , SB387 , SB1150 , SB1574 , SB2127 , SB3034 , SB860 , SB1278 , SB263 , SB370 , SB663 , SB924 , SB1939 , SB1937 , SB1598 , SB2798 , SB2801 , SB2580 , SB2569 , SB2514 , SB2064 , SB1940 , SB1621 , SB2601 , SB1379 , SB1376 , SB1372 , SB1353 , SB2216 , SB552 , SB2405 , SB2406 , SB2407 , SB2166 , SB2148 , SB535 , SB777 , SB827 , SB1141 , SB1330 , SB1352 , SB1664 , SB1612 , SB1862 , SB1936 , SB1453 , SB1448 , SB1398 , SB2137 , SB2111 , SB53 , SB226 , SB1677 , SB1723 , SB1839 , SB6 , SB7 , SB36 , SB38 , SB815 , SB1856 , SCR5 , SCR32 , SCR8 , HCR88 , HCR91 , HCR129 , HCR130 , HCR131 , HCR133 , HCR137 , HCR138 , HCR139 , HCR140 , HCR143 , HCR145 , HCR147 , HCR150 , HCR152 , HR6 , HR105 , HR112 , HR124 , HR146 , HR151 , HR158 , HR221 , HR222 , HR237 , HR469 , HR543 , HR571 , HR605 , HR702 , HR703 , HR704 , HR705 , HR706 , HR707 , HR708 , HR709 , HR710 , HR713 , HR714 , HR715 , HR716 , HR717 , HR718 , HR719 , HR720 , HR721 , HR722 , HR723 , HR724 , HR725 , HR726 , HR727 , HR728 , HR729 , HR730 , HR731 , HR732 , HR733 , HR734 , HR735 , HR736 , HR737 , HR738 , HR739 , HR740 , HR741 , HR742 , HR743 , HR744 , HR745 , HR746 , HR747 , HR748 , HR749 , HR750 , HR751 , HR752 , HR782 , HR787 , HR789 , HR796 , HR798 , HR799 , HR800 , HR801 , HR802 , HR804 , HR807 , HR812 , HR813 , HR814 , HR817 , HR819 , HR820 , HR821 , HR822 , HR824 , HR827 , HR828 , HR830 , HR831 , HR832 , HR833 , HR837 , HR839 , HR840 , HR841 , HR842 , HR843 , HR844 , HR847 , HR849 , HR850 , HR851 , HR852 , HR853 , HR854 , HR855 , HR856 , HR858 , HR859 , HR861 , HR865 , HR871 , HR873 , HR874 , HR875 , HR876 , HR880 , HR881 , HR884 , HR886 , HR887 , HR890 , HR892 , HR894 , HR895 , HR898 , HR900 , HR901 , HR903 , HR904 , HR905 , HR908 , HR910 , HR912 , HR913 , HR915 , HR916 , HR917 , HR918 , HR919 , HR920 , HR921 , HR922 , HR923 , HR924 , HR925 , HR926 , HR927 , HR928 , HR930 , HR931 , HR932 , HR936 , HR937 , HR938 , HR939 , HR940 , HR941 , HR942 , HR943 , HR946 , HR947 , HR948 , HR949 , HR952 , HR953 , HR954 , HR955 , HR956 , HR960 , HR964 , HR965 , HR967 , HR968 , HR969 , HR970 , HR972 , HR973 , HR974 , HR975 , HR976 , HR977 , HR978 , HR979 , HR980 , HR981 , HR982 , HR983 , HR984 , HR985 , HR987 , HR988 , HR989 , HR990 , HR991 , HR992 , HR993 , HR994 , HR995 , HR996 , HR997 , HR998 , HR999 , HR1000 , HR1002 , HR1003 , HR1004 , HR1005 , HR1006 , HR1007 , HR1008 , HR1009 , HR1010 , HR1011 , HR1012 , HR1013 , HR1014 , HR1015 , HR1016 , HR1017 , HR1018 , HR1019 , HR1020 , HR1024 , HR1025 , HR1026 , HR1027 , HR1028 , HR1029 , HR1030 , HR1032 , HR1034 , HR1035 , HR1036 , HR1038 , HR1040 , HR1041 , HR1042 , HR1043 , HR1044 , HR1046 , HR1047 , HR1048 , HR1049 , HR1050 , HR1051 , HR1052 , HR1053 , HR1055 , HR1056 , HR1057 , HR1059 , HR1064 , HR1067 , HR1068 , HR1069 , HR1070 , HR1071 , HR1073 , HR1074 , HR1075 , HR1077 , HR1078 , HR1079 , HR1080 , HR1081 , HR1083 , HR1086 , HR1087 , HR1088 , HR1089 , HR1090 , HR1091 , HR1092 , HR1093 , HR1094 , HR1095 , HR1096 , HR1098 , HR1099 , HR1100 , HR1101 , HR1103 , HR1104 , HR1105 , HR1106 , HR1109 , HR1111 , HR1112 , HR1115 , HR1116 , HR1117 , HR1118 , HR1119 , HR1121 , HR1123 , HR1125 , HR1128 , HR1130 , HR1131 , HR1132 , HR1139 , HR1140 , HR1143 , HR1144 , HR1146 , HR1147 , HR1148 , HR1149 , HR1151 , HR1153 , HR1154 , HR1155 , HR1156 , HR1157 , HR1158 , HR1159 , HR1160 , HR1161 , HR1162 , HR1163 , HR1164 , HR1165 , HR1166 , HR1167 , HR1168 , HR1169 , HR1170 , HR1171 , HR1172 , HR1173 , HR1174 , HR1175 , HR1176 , HR1177 , HR1178 , HR1179 , HR1180 , HR1181 , HR1182 , HR1183 , HR1184 , HR1185 , HR1186 , HR1187 , HR1188 , HR1189 , HR1190 , HR1191 , HR1192 , HR1193 , HR1194 , HR1195 , HR1196 , HR1197 , HR1198 , HR1199 , HR1200 , HR1201 , HR1202 , HR1203 , HR1204 , HR1205 , HR1206 , HR1207 , HR1208 , HR1209 , HR1210 , HR1211 , HR1212 , HR1213 , HR1214 , HR1215 , HR1216 , HR1217 , HR1218 , HR1219 , HR1220 , HR1221 , HR1222 , HR1223 , HR1224 , HR1225 , HR1226 , HR1227 , HR1228 , HR1229 , HR1230 , HR1231 , HR1232 , HR1233 , HR1234 , HR1235 , HR1236 , HR1237 , HR1238 , HR1241 , HR1243 , HR1244 , HR1245 , HR1246 , HR1247 , HR1248 , HR1249 , HR1252 , HR1253 , HR1255 , HR1256 , HR1257 , HR1260 , HR1261 , HR1262 , HR1263 , HR1264 , HR1266 , HR1267 , HR1268 , HR1269 , HR1270 , HR1271 , HR1272 , HR1273 , HR1274 , HR1275 , HR1278 , HR1280 , HR1281 , HR1282 , HR1283 , HR1284 , HR1285 , HR1286 , HR1287 , HR1288 , HR1289 , HR1290 , HR1291 , HR1293 , HR1294 , HR1295 , HR1299 , HR1300 , HR1301 , HR1302 , SCR49 , HCR134 , HCR136 , HR18 , HR247 , HR428 , HR494 , HR538 , HR540 , HR786 , HR791 , HR803 , HR805 , HR808 , HR809 , HR811 , HR816 , HR825 , HR826 , HR836 , HR838 , HR845 , HR846 , HR862 , HR869 , HR870 , HR878 , HR879 , HR896 , HR899 , HR902 , HR911 , HR914 , HR933 , HR934 , HR935 , HR951 , HR958 , HR959 , HR986 , HR1021 , HR1022 , HR1039 , HR1054 , HR1058 , HR1061 , HR1062 , HR1065 , HR1072 , HR1107 , HR1108 , HR1110 , HR1114 , HR1120 , HR1122 , HR1129 , HR1142 , HR1145 , HR1239 , HR1242 , HR1250 , HR1251 , HR1254 , HR1258 , HR1259 , SCR21 , HB3228 , HB2802 , HB45 , HB1318 , HB5560 , HB2894 , HB4344 , HB4238 , HB 130 , HB2775 , HB34 , HB33 , HB 12 , HB148 , HB4273 , HB4850 , HB2733 , HB4783 , HB4187 , HB39 , SB2155

Keywords: criminal justice, parole, medical supervision, rehabilitation programs, Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, offenders with medical impairments, Windham School District, Sabine River Authority, board of directors, term limits, removal grounds, government oversight, training requirements, Texas Sunset Advisory Commission, Lower Neches Valley Authority, Sunset Advisory Commission, public participation, complaints resolution, electric power

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The House Judiciary Committee opened a hearing on House Bill 148, which Rep. Jim Kofalt said is the same language as last year’s HB 396, vetoed by the governor. He described the bill as allowing, but not requiring, separation by biological sex in three areas: bathrooms and locker rooms, houses of correction, and certain athletic competitions. Kofalt argued the bill would give local school boards and other policymakers discretion to set practical rules, citing concerns about safety, privacy, and a Milford incident involving a biological male in girls’ locker rooms. Committee members pressed him on the lack of a definition of “biological sex,” and he said he did not think one was necessary because males and females are commonly understood. He also said the bill was meant to address situations where outside groups threaten lawsuits and leave local boards with no latitude. Testimony then split sharply. Supporters, including Executive Counselor Karen Hill and several others, said HB 148 would roll back anti-discrimination protections, contradict New Hampshire’s “Live Free or Die” values, and harm transgender and non-binary people. Opponents described the bill as discriminatory and unnecessary, arguing that existing bathroom and sports policies already work and that the bill would invite harassment, invasive enforcement, and legal conflict. Several speakers, including trans residents and parents of trans children, said they had used public restrooms without incident and warned that enforcement would be impractical or abusive. One supporter argued the bill was needed to protect girls’ privacy and safety and cited school sports disputes and a concern about a sex offender at a game as examples of why sex-segregated rules should be restored. Committee members asked questions about how biological sex would be defined, whether the bill was responding to real incidents in New Hampshire, and how any restrictions would be enforced. Kofalt said he was aware of issues in several school districts and at the State House, but did not have detailed documentation for every case. No vote or final action was taken in the portion of the hearing provided; the chair instead moved through public testimony under a strict two-minute limit and noted that follow-up questions would be limited so the committee could hear multiple bills that day.

Keywords: 981, all