Video & Transcript Research : 'certificate inspection'
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OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Commerce and Economic Development Oversight Apr 14th, 2026 at 03:00 pm
Commerce & Economic Development Oversight
Keywords:
bail bondsman, bondsman license, multicounty agent bondsman, surety bondsman, Insurance Commissioner, bail bond regulation, bond deposit, forfeiture, deposit ratio, writing capacity, license transfer, power of attorney, surety bond, bail industry, Oklahoma insurance law, financial solvency, administrative action, dentist, dental hygienist, dentistry
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Common Education REVISED: SB1614 - Added Apr 8th, 2026 at 03:00 pm
Common Education
Transcript Highlights:
- references to the quote 'pilot program' and the sunset language for a now successful alternative certification
- offered to qualified providers who meet the program requirements for a two-year path to teacher certification
Bills:
SB1734, SB1630, SB1894, SB1975, SB1432, SB1437, SB1812, SB346, SB1250, SB710, SB1489, SB2045, SB1614
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, AI, schools, public school districts, education technology, edtech, student privacy, FERPA, data privacy, data security, emerging technologies, machine learning, generative AI, classroom technology, instructional technology, teacher oversight, human-in-the-loop, student data, parental consent, opt-out
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Common Education REVISED: SB1614 - Added Apr 8th, 2026
Common Education
Transcript Highlights:
- references to, quote, pilot program, and the sunset language for a now successful alternative certification
- offered to qualified providers who meet the program requirements for a two-year path to teacher certification
Bills:
SB1734, SB1630, SB1894, SB1975, SB1432, SB1437, SB1812, SB346, SB1250, SB710, SB1489, SB2045, SB1614
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, AI, schools, public school districts, education technology, edtech, student privacy, FERPA, data privacy, data security, emerging technologies, machine learning, generative AI, classroom technology, instructional technology, teacher oversight, human-in-the-loop, student data, parental consent, opt-out
Summary:
The committee took up a series of education-related Senate bills, first accepting untimely filed PCS amendments for SB 1614 and SB 1250 without objection. SB 1734, the Oklahoma Responsible Tech in Schools Act, would prohibit AI tools from being used for instruction in public districts except for educator-directed uses, and it passed 12-0. SB 1630 would allow a school district up to one day or six hours of virtual instruction when students are completing statewide assessments, and it also passed 12-0. SB 1894, using PCS language, caps teacher professional development requirements at 200 hours over five years for teachers with fewer than five years of experience and 150 hours for those with more experience; it passed 11-0. SB 1975 would expand access to AP testing locations and the state’s Horizons online learning platform, and it passed 11-0. SB 1432 removes pilot-program and sunset language from an alternative certification program, and SB 1437 creates the President’s Physical Fitness Act and directs districts to use student fitness results to improve health outcomes; both passed 11-0. SB 1812 requires districts to make K-8 benchmark assessment results available to parents and guardians, and SB 346 modifies the background check process for certain teachers moving to a new district; both passed 11-0. SB 710 would expand the Teach Forward education preparation program to additional providers if funds are available, and SB 1489 concerns special-needs students; both passed 10-0. The committee also approved SB 1614, which creates a teacher induction program for new and emergency-certified teachers, by an 11-0 vote.
The committee then considered SB 2045, a recess-related bill that would provide 30 minutes of recess and prohibit recess from being used as punishment. Members asked about possible compromise language with other PE/recess proposals, and the bill passed 11-0. Finally, the committee debated SB 1250, which was described as addressing school library materials and, through amendment, removing the definition of obscene in favor of sexually explicit language. Supporters said it would give districts and superintendents clearer guidance and require local library collection lists to be submitted to the Department of Education; opponents questioned whether the bill was necessary, whether it would require additional staff or create fiscal impacts, and whether stronger repeated-violations language was needed. After discussion, SB 1250 passed 8-2, and the chair noted it was the committee’s last meeting for the year.
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- public service corporation that is regulated by the Arizona Corporation Commission and that holds a certificate
- They could not give them a 100-year water assurance certificate. That was six or seven years ago.
- to replace existing plants or construct new plants adjacent... ...to current sites without a new certificate
- includes solar and wind, from the county planning and zoning process so long as they receive the certificate
- While this would apply to solar and wind, there's no provision for solar and wind getting certificates
Bills:
HB2014, HB2031, HB2078, HB2102, HB2103, HB2117, HB2261, HB2262, HB2264, HB2278, HB2428, HB2494, HB2756, HB2758, HB2762, HB2782, HB2932, HB2933, HB2986
Keywords:
air emissions, fuel blends, environmental quality, feasibility study, Arizona Department of Agriculture, water rights, groundwater, Willcox, active management area, certificate of grandfathered rights, Arizona legislature, aggregate mining, reclamation plans, environmental protection, public safety, land use, domestic water, improvement district, water delivery, water hauling
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Senate Legislative Session Mar 5th, 2026 at 09:30 am
Oklahoma Senate Floor Meeting
Bills:
SB2102, SB1940, SB1625, SB1442, SB1623, SB1242, SB1949, SB1592, SB1913, SB592, SB992, SB1241, SB259, SB1928, SB1426, SB1531, SB1561, SB1122
Keywords:
credit card fees, merchant discounts, payment card network, interchange fees, transparency in fees, Oklahoma law, payment card, rebate, merchant, tax compliance, health insurance, mandate, impact analysis, insurance department, public health, access to healthcare, SB1442, alcoholic beverage control, ABLE Commission, liquor license fees
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Senate Legislative Session Mar 5th, 2026
Oklahoma Senate Floor Meeting
Bills:
SB2102, SB1940, SB1625, SB1442, SB1623, SB1242, SB1949, SB1592, SB1913, SB592, SB992, SB1241, SB259, SB1928, SB1426, SB1531, SB1561, SB1122
Keywords:
credit card fees, merchant discounts, payment card network, interchange fees, transparency in fees, Oklahoma law, payment card, rebate, merchant, tax compliance, health insurance, mandate, impact analysis, insurance department, public health, access to healthcare, SB1442, alcoholic beverage control, ABLE Commission, liquor license fees
Summary:
The Senate convened with prayer, roll call, and several floor and gallery introductions recognizing the Doctor of the Day, Nurse of the Day, Mid-America Christian University, the Oklahoma Truckers Association, Leadership Wagoner County, the Broken Arrow Chamber, and an intern. The chamber then took up several bills in general order. Senate Bill 1426, requested by the Department of Human Services, would limit referrals to district attorneys to substantiated findings of abuse of vulnerable adults; it passed unanimously, 44-0.
Senate Bill 1531 was presented as a placeholder vehicle for possible future FAA action on drones and unmanned aircraft, with questions focused on why the bill was being kept open and what language might later be added. It passed 33-12. Senate Bill 1561 would allow EMTs to be subject to progressive discipline for drug or other violations instead of automatic license revocation; it passed 46-0.
The most extensive debate centered on Senate Bill 1122, which lowers the ad valorem assessment rate for broadband providers from 22.85% to 15% and was described by supporters as a way to create parity, encourage broadband expansion, and keep providers investing in rural Oklahoma. Opponents argued it would give a tax break to large legacy broadband companies, reduce county revenue by an estimated $20 million, and do little for homeowners, farmers, or other taxpayers facing property tax pressure. After extended questioning and debate, the bill passed 28-19. The Senate also laid over SB 1555, heard announcements, and adjourned until Monday, March 9 at 1:30 p.m.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- SB 917 by Zaffirini relating to certain boiler inspection reports and the composition... ...and governance
- 1252 by Schwertner relating to the authority of a municipality to regulate the installation or inspection
- Bill 1252 prevents cities from adopting or enforcing local rules to regulate the installation or inspection
- about the spill and what the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement meant to do. ...by training and certification
Bills:
SB31, SB33, SB20, SB217, SB264, SB269, SB650, SB681, SB528, SB502, SB740, SB916, SB995, SB10, SB2581, SB2570, SB3031, SB24, SB379, SB1171, SB1121, SB1120, SB1061, SB1036, SB1019, SB890, SB11, SB868, SB1188, SB1254, SB2778, SB2543, SB2443, SB1333, SB1259, SB1401, SB1404, SB2139, SB2165, SB2237, SB2268, SB1202, SB1198, SB1212, SB1451, SB1470, SB1498, SB965, SB1547, SB1667, SB1818, SB1902, SB2129, SB2078, SB2069, SB1737, SB1589, SB1318, SB387, SB1150, SB1574, SB2127, SB3034, SB860, SB1278, SCR5, SCR32, SB4, SB23, SB1762, SB34, SB60, SB706, SB1814, SB1220, SB523, SB565, SB1253, SB840, SB764, SB2383, SB2155, SB1535, SB1423, SB1566, SB1804, SB1728, SB1816, SB1952, SB75, SB2068, SB1455, SB213, SB627, SB2037, SB670, SB896, SB917, SB1184, SB971, SB1255, SB1261, SB1283, SB991, SB1733, SB21, SB231, SB739, SB1252, SB1371, SB646, SB3, SCR27, SB552, SB1405, SB1948, SB243, SJR1, SB31, SB33, SB20, SB217, SB264, SB269, SB650, SB681, SB528, SB502, SB740, SB916, SB995, SB10, SB2581, SB2570, SB3031, SB24, SB379, SB1171, SB1121, SB1120, SB1061, SB1036, SB1019, SB890, SB11, SB868, SB1188, SB1254, SB2778, SB2543, SB2443, SB1333, SB1259, SB1401, SB1404, SB2139, SB2165, SB2237, SB2268, SB1202, SB1198, SB1212, SB1451, SB1470, SB1498, SB965, SB1547, SB1667, SB1818, SB1902, SB2129, SB2078, SB2069, SB1737, SB1589, SB1318, SB387, SB1150, SB1574, SB2127, SB3034, SB860, SB1278, SCR5, SCR32, SB546, SB647, SB648, SB1493, SB1709, SB2001, HB5669, HB3115, HB5655, HB5675, HB5689, HB5690, HB5653, HB3228, HB2802, HB45, HB1318, HB5560, HB2894, HB4344, HB2775, HB33, HB 12, HB148
Keywords:
SB 31, Life of the Mother Act, Texas abortion law, medical emergency, reasonable medical judgment, pregnancy complications, maternal health, life-threatening condition, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, miscarriage, unborn child, abortion exception, abortion ban, physician liability, health care liability claim, aiding and abetting, Texas Medical Board, State Bar of Texas, continuing medical education
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight Mar 3rd, 2026 at 10:30 am
Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight
Transcript Highlights:
- His former state allows self-certification.
Bills:
HB1016, HB1453, HB1992, HB2015, HB2940, HB2959, HB2997, HB3037, HB3045, HB3053, HB3087, HB3267, HB3301, HB3453, HB3495, HB3521, HB3581, HB3584, HB3586, HB3587, HB3662, HB3691, HB3695, HB3697, HB3742, HB3743, HB3845, HB4058, HB4125, HB4198, HB4227, HB4425
Keywords:
minors, content creation, trust account, compensation, civil action, digital content, Oklahoma statutes, foreign ownership, property rights, agricultural land, Attorney General, divestment, real estate, felony penalties, motor vehicles, towing services, combination vehicles, wrecker fees, possessory lien, landlord
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight Mar 3rd, 2026
Judiciary and Public Safety Oversight
Transcript Highlights:
- His former state allows self-certification.
Bills:
HB1016, HB1453, HB1992, HB2015, HB2940, HB2959, HB2997, HB3037, HB3045, HB3053, HB3087, HB3267, HB3301, HB3453, HB3495, HB3521, HB3581, HB3584, HB3586, HB3587, HB3662, HB3691, HB3695, HB3697, HB3742, HB3743, HB3845, HB4058, HB4125, HB4198, HB4227, HB4425
Keywords:
minors, content creation, trust account, compensation, civil action, digital content, Oklahoma statutes, foreign ownership, property rights, agricultural land, Attorney General, divestment, real estate, felony penalties, motor vehicles, towing services, combination vehicles, wrecker fees, possessory lien, landlord
Summary:
The committee heard and advanced a large number of bills covering tort claims, criminal law, child protection, licensing, housing, and public transparency. Early measures included HB 3037, adding students in curricular activities to the Government Tort Claims Act definition of employee; HB 3581, revising riot statutes and removing a no-bail provision; HB 458, allowing voluntary blood type notation on driver’s licenses; HB 2929, tightening mandatory child abuse reporting by school employees; and HB 3087, extending garnishment notice and objection timelines. All of those bills received unanimous or near-unanimous due-pass recommendations.
Several bills drew more substantial discussion. HB 4227, the Cindy Clemishire Act, was amended to allow minors to discuss sexual abuse with health care providers and was named after a survivor; it passed 13-0. HB 4125, restoring Second Amendment rights to certain nonviolent felons, passed 13-1 but members raised concerns about federal law and asked for further explanation before floor consideration. HB 1453, which would criminalize hostile foreign nationals and entities owning Oklahoma real property and agricultural land, generated extensive debate over indirect ownership, foreclosure timelines, logrolling, and constitutional concerns, and it ultimately failed 3-10. HB 3521, modernizing money transmission regulation and adding payment processors and digital asset kiosks, passed 13-0.
Other measures advanced after questions or minor amendments, including HB 3691 on self-certifying medical fitness for a Class D license, HB 2015 on landlord-tenant repair and tenant remedies, HB 2940 on recording public meetings, HB 1016 on trust protections for minors appearing in monetized online content, HB 3267 making breaking and entering an occupied dwelling a felony without needing proof of another intended crime, HB 3695 expanding the definition of great bodily injury for DUI cases, HB 3453 shifting the burden in eminent domain cases to the condemning authority, and HB 3053 creating parole review criteria for older eligible inmates. The committee also advanced bills on self-defense definitions, straw purchasing of land for prohibited foreign parties, human trafficking parole guidelines, child welfare/adoption terminology, outpatient treatment, child support-related license revocations, workplace violence protective orders, and protections for charities reporting sexual misconduct. The meeting ended with several bills laid over and the committee adjourning, with a note that it would meet again Thursday.
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
House of Representatives Second Regular Session of the 60th Legislature Day 3 Feb 4th, 2026 at 01:30 pm
Oklahoma House Floor Meeting
Bills:
HB3840, HB3431, HB4422, HB4117, HB4300, HB4298, HB2984, HB3344, HB2979, HB2980, HB3662, HB4107, HB3082, HB2997, HB3083, HB3055, HB2951, HB3469, HB3173, HB3287, HB2947, HB3784, HB3901, HB4275, HR1031, HB4359, HB4115, HB3467, HB2978, HB3026, HB3032
Keywords:
foreign ownership, land acquisition, military installation, critical infrastructure, affidavit requirements, state law, penalties, Attorney General, foreign ownership of land, foreign adversary, foreign government adversary, foreign government enterprise, foreign government entity, foreign terrorist organization, specially designated national, SDN, FTO, critical minerals, land ownership, real property
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
House of Representatives Second Regular Session of the 60th Legislature Day 3 Feb 4th, 2026
Oklahoma House Floor Meeting
Bills:
HB3840, HB3431, HB4422, HB4117, HB4300, HB4298, HB2984, HB3344, HB2979, HB2980, HB3662, HB4107, HB3082, HB2997, HB3083, HB3055, HB2951, HB3469, HB3173, HB3287, HB2947, HB3784, HB3901, HB4275, HR1031, HB4359, HB4115, HB3467, HB2978, HB3026, HB3032
Keywords:
foreign ownership, land acquisition, military installation, critical infrastructure, affidavit requirements, state law, penalties, Attorney General, foreign ownership of land, foreign adversary, foreign government adversary, foreign government enterprise, foreign government entity, foreign terrorist organization, specially designated national, SDN, FTO, critical minerals, land ownership, real property
Summary:
The House convened with a roll call, prayer by Chaplain Ronnie Wilson, and the Pledge of Allegiance led by Representative Littrell. The chamber then heard several introductions and recognitions, including guests from members’ districts, the Lady Hornets championship team, and Doctor of the Day Dr. Ahmed Aziz, an internal medicine hospitalist from the Edmond/Deer Creek area.
The main legislative action was consideration of House Joint Resolution 1031 by Representative Tammy West, a resolution recognizing Rose Day 2026 and honoring the sanctity of life. West moved adoption of the resolution, and the House approved it by recorded vote, 72-16.
After the resolution passed, the body moved to announcements and introductions. The floor leader then offered a motion to adjourn, and the House agreed to adjourn until Thursday, February 5, 2026, at 9:30 a.m.
LA
Transcript Highlights:
- They said implementation would likely require initial inspections, follow-up inspections, plans of middles
- , and ongoing annual inspections that may be required for these facilities.”
- So if you want to do an annual inspection of group homes, we're going to also have to do an annual inspection
- We have to do an annual inspection of every residential unit in Louisiana in order to stay in line with
- If they feel like, well, I’m going to be regulated, inspected, tested, whatever, all I want to do is
Keywords:
healthcare, criminal convictions, employment, background checks, prohibited offenses, homelessness, homeless shelter, emergency shelter, transitional housing, group home, halfway house, shelter standards, housing standards, sanitation, habitability, fire marshal, inspection, local permitting, parish government, Louisiana Department of Health
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee 3/25/26
Agriculture Finance and Policy
Keywords:
pesticides, wild rice, environmental protection, agriculture, water quality, pollinators, training, management plan, fertilizer research, education grants, Minnesota Agricultural Council, technology transfer, agricultural productivity, HF4372, Minnesota agriculture, meat processing, meat processing training, retention incentive grants, grant extension, project deadline extension
NM
Keywords:
constitutional amendment, legislative sessions, veto override, New Mexico legislature, session length, legislative session, even-numbered years, New Mexico Constitution, student behavior, physical restraint, seclusion, public schools, training, de-escalation, student safety, behavior interventions, criminal offenses, peace officer, Victims of Crime Act, law enforcement
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate State Government, Tribal Affairs & Elections Jan 30th, 2026 at 10:30 am
State Government, Tribal Affairs & Elections
Transcript Highlights:
- concerning individual privacy by Washington Technology Solutions through an exemption from public inspection
- requires the portal to be fully evaluated and have passed rigorous testing and cybersecurity and certification
Keywords:
fraud prevention, identity theft, consumer protection, security measures, legislation, government efficiency, state agencies, reporting, bureaucracy, transparency, Capitol Centennial Stewardship, funding, gifts, grants, donations, legislative support, student privacy, employee confidentiality, public disclosure, data protection
Summary:
The Senate State Government, Tribal Affairs & Elections Committee held public hearings on several bills and then took executive action on three measures. At the start, the committee suspended the five-day notice rule for Senate Bills 631 and 5046. Senate Bill 6215, a fraud-prevention bill, would require the state auditor to compile an inventory of audited state programs and later produce an annual statewide high-risk list; staff and the State Auditor’s Office raised concerns about scope, funding, record-retention limits, and the timeline, while the sponsor said the bill would improve transparency around anti-fraud controls. Senate Bill 6160 would eliminate or modify dozens of agency reporting requirements; the sponsor and OFM said it was an efficiency measure to remove outdated or duplicative reports, while some senators said they wanted to preserve reports they still find useful. Senate Bill 6313 would create a Capitol Centennial Stewardship Account for repairs and improvements to the Capitol campus ahead of its 2028 centennial, and Senate Bill 5046 would designate November 22 as Kimchi Day to recognize Korean culture; both drew supportive sponsor testimony and no substantive opposition during hearing.
The committee also heard Senate Bill 6049, which expands public-records exemptions to protect survivors of hate crimes, individual responses to employee engagement surveys, and individual student responses to the Healthy Youth Survey. The sponsor, OFM, and several student witnesses argued the bill would protect privacy and encourage honest participation, while the hearing record showed substantial opposition sign-in. Senate Bill 6164 would exempt information submitted to Washington Technology Solutions for digital experience platform services, such as the WA.gov portal, from disclosure; WOTEC and a newspaper association supported the bill as a narrow privacy protection, while another coalition opposed it as overly broad and warned about centralized records and retention practices.
In executive session, the committee adopted proposed substitute B for Senate Bill 6035 and sent it to the Rules Committee with a due-pass recommendation. The substitute would further delay and condition implementation of an electronic ballot portal, add cybersecurity and testing requirements, and require annual reporting. The committee also adopted proposed substitute C for Senate Bill 5853 and sent it to Ways and Means; the substitute shifts administration of the statewide emergency public official notification system from the Secretary of State to the Military Department. Finally, the committee passed Senate Bill 5888, which removes Senate confirmation for members of the Washington State Women’s Commission, and sent it to the Rules Committee. All three executive-action votes passed subject to signatures.
TX
Bills:
SB3074, HB49, HB2440, HB3556, HB3619, HB3866, HB4042, HB4112, HB4271, HB4413, HB4426, HB5033, HB49
Keywords:
SB 3074, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Water Code, permit applications, environmental permitting, administrative record, ex parte communications, legislative communications, governor, lieutenant governor, state legislators, district projects, public records, recusal, conflict of interest, substantial interest, agency transparency, environmental regulation, permit renewal
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- by Senator Flores, relating to the authority of the state to implement a motor vehicle emissions inspection
- The legislature passed a measure that got rid of state inspections for non-commercial vehicles.
- the Clean Air Act, 17 counties in Texas are still required to undergo annual vehicle emissions inspections
- a carefully crafted trigger mechanism that will allow for the elimination of vehicle emissions inspections
- Without inspections, there is no guarantee that these vehicles meet basic emissions standards, considering
Bills:
SB3074, HB49, HB2440, HB3556, HB3619, HB3866, HB4042, HB4112, HB4271, HB4413, HB4426, HB5033, HB49
Keywords:
SB 3074, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Water Code, permit applications, environmental permitting, administrative record, ex parte communications, legislative communications, governor, lieutenant governor, state legislators, district projects, public records, recusal, conflict of interest, substantial interest, agency transparency, environmental regulation, permit renewal
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Hazards present upon inspection by the Railroad Commission.
- Looking at the fiscal note, the bill would require the to conduct inspections.
- So how far back are you going in that inspection process?
- inspecting.
- It's not being inspected, and so it's using common sense—you're there.
Keywords:
Gulf Coast Protection District, navigation safety, special districts, state governance, Texas legislation, Gulf Coast, flood protection, storm risk management, coastal restoration, natural resources, prescribed burns, self-insurance, fire management, liability protection, rural land management, beverage container recycling, deposit return system, container deposit, bottle bill, recycling refund
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- Chris is a person who, in my county, inspects my breakfast counters at the hotels that I have and the
- He's a tough guy to get through these inspections, but he brought this idea to me that I thought had
- So our fear, as a local delegated agency for inspections and other local agencies throughout the state
- And then, so you said you do the inspections in your county, and the county fee is 20 bucks.
- Does the 20 bucks cover the cost of your time to do that inspection? Mr. Ennis, thank you, Mr.
Keywords:
health care transparency, ownership disclosure, control reporting, health care consolidation, private equity, management services organization, MSO, provider organization, health insurer, pharmacy benefit manager, hospital system, affiliate reporting, financial disclosure, public reporting, market concentration, horizontal consolidation, vertical consolidation, health care ownership, corporate practice, health care regulation
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Health Finance and Policy Committee 4/7/25
Health Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- And they pay a $20 fee to our local counties to have the inspection come out.
- </c> local counties to have the inspection local counties to have the inspection come<01:37:32.480><c
- And then so you said you do the inspections in your county and the county fee is 20 bucks.
- </c> that inspection? that inspection? Mr.<01:43:14.159><c> Renish.
- </c> each kind of a inspection right away. each kind of a inspection right away.
Keywords:
health care transparency, ownership disclosure, control reporting, health care consolidation, private equity, management services organization, MSO, provider organization, health insurer, pharmacy benefit manager, hospital system, affiliate reporting, financial disclosure, public reporting, market concentration, horizontal consolidation, vertical consolidation, health care ownership, corporate practice, health care regulation