Video & Transcript Research : 'undocumented students'

Page 94 of 458
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:05:54.759> to education Monies to send students to education Monies to send students to
  • students can receive that the student students can receive special<01:29:25.840> ed<01:29:26.119
  • If you had 36 students, that is not a lot of students.
  • This bill says that the students eligible will be charter school students.
  • or prior student.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The Education Policy Committee opened a hearing on HB 748, which would establish a local education freedom account (EFA) program. The prime sponsor, Rep. Kevin Verville, described the bill as enabling legislation that would let local voters decide whether to create a local EFA program by petition and ballot vote, with a 60% threshold to approve or repeal it. He argued that public education is about funding rather than a specific school building, said the proposal would expand parental choice, and cited Deerfield’s move from a single high school option to multiple tuitioned options as an example of local flexibility. Verville said the local EFA would be funded at twice the state adequacy amount, with the district matching the state portion, while other aid categories such as free and reduced meals, English language learner, and special education aid would not be doubled. He said students using a local EFA would still count in average daily membership, that unspent EFA funds would revert to the district, and that the bill would prohibit double-dipping with other scholarship or EFA programs. He also said special education services would remain under district discretion and that local EFA participants would still take statewide assessments for accountability. Committee members pressed him on several issues, especially special education, transportation, and fairness. Rep. Woodcock and Rep. Murray asked whether districts would still have to provide special education and transportation services if a student used a local EFA; Verville responded that special education would remain in the local district at district discretion, while transportation would generally become the family’s responsibility unless already required in an IEP. Rep. Cornell raised an equity concern about no income eligibility cap, asking whether higher-income families should receive the same public support; Verville replied that New Hampshire does not means-test public education and that the local EFA is a public funding mechanism, not a tuition subsidy that would cover full private-school costs. No vote or committee action was taken in the portion provided.
FL

Florida 2026 4th Special Session

January 13, 2026 - 01:00 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • funded in the FEFP in fiscal year 18, 1988% of the total number of fte students were district fte students
  • The total number of FBS fte students funded in the FEFP has now grown to 13% of the total fte students
  • for district Fte students.
  • Still some issues that remain with a recalibrating students and how to designate where certain students
  • It is that net in gress into the state of of K 12 students?
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Committee on Housing (02/18/2025)

Housing

Transcript Highlights:
  • The student affairs item on our agenda every meeting is a report from the UNH Student Senate external
  • graduate students?
  • in town that cater to graduate students in town that cater to graduate students but<03:17:18.880
  • full-time college students?
  • Realizing that student is not a legally protected class, but discrimination against students.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
WV
Transcript Highlights:
  • With the additional weighting, level two special education students count as 1.2 students, level three
  • special education students count as 1.3 students.
  • With the additional weighting, level two special education students count as 1.2 students, level 3 special
  • education students count as 1.3 students.
  • So it would be no issue at all to pick up the charter school students.
Keywords: 994, senate, all
Summary: The Senate Finance Committee met with a quorum present, approved the prior meeting minutes, and then took up several House bills with strike-and-insert amendments. House Bill 5510 was amended to incorporate provisions from Senate Bills 1065 and 928, modernizing Alcohol Beverage Control licensing and adding rules for low-proof spirit alcohol products, including a $1.25 per gallon tax; the committee adopted the amendment and reported the bill to the full Senate with a do-pass recommendation. The committee then considered House Bill 5453 on school funding. After discussion of a proposed block-grant system and supplemental aid for special education, the committee adopted an amendment replacing much of the bill with weighted funding for level two and level three special education students, exempting those funds from block grant rules and limiting their use to direct instruction. The committee also adopted a clarification to extend the special education funding to charter school students and reported the amended bill to the Senate. House Bill 5412, dealing with multi-year technology licensing contracts for local fiscal bodies and science-of-reading training for K-5 teachers, was amended to clarify contract language, delay implementation dates, change “endorsement” to “training,” and require charter school teachers to participate; it was then reported. The committee next amended and reported House Bill 4006, which creates aerospace development and workforce grant programs, changing the funding mechanism to use Department of Commerce reporting and personal income tax proceeds rather than direct employee withholdings. It also took up House Bill 4009, combining voluntary portable benefits for independent contractors with microcredentialing and an expanded apprenticeship tax credit, adopted the Finance Committee amendment, and reported it. Finally, House Bill 4004 creating the Recharge West Virginia training reimbursement program was amended to raise the annual employer reimbursement cap from $50,000 to $100,000 while keeping the $10,000 per-employee limit, and the committee reported the bill. The meeting ended with adjournment.
AL

Alabama 2026 Regular Session

Alabama Joint Mobile County Legislation Committee Feb 11th, 2026

Mobile County Legislation

Transcript Highlights:
  • So we have a variety of options for our students.
  • And Faulkner, they have almost 1,700 students, and they can only service 9% of those students.
  • Almost 1,700 students, and they can only service 9% of those students.
  • that need, and then we show them how great our students are.
  • Want to take students from you? No, I’m a partner.
Keywords: 924, joint, all
WY
Transcript Highlights:
  • . students. students.
  • statewide screeners for for all students statewide screeners for for all students and<00:10:58.760
  • , they will become struggling students, they will become struggling students, and<00:26:22.560>
  • All right. student at Laramie High School. I student at Laramie High School.
  • Many students graduate adulthood.
Keywords: 916, all
Summary: The committee heard from Superintendent Megan Degenfelder on several interim topics centered on student-centered learning. She highlighted work-based learning and dual/concurrent enrollment, saying the state is updating accountability measures and should examine whether these programs are helping students progress, avoid duplicative costs, and reduce the need for remedial college coursework. She also discussed broader life-skills education, including financial literacy and soft skills, and said districts vary widely in what they offer. On gifted and talented programs, she noted that districts are statutorily required to provide them but the state does not have a clear picture of how consistently they are implemented, and she suggested the committee may want to study that area further. Members asked follow-up questions about whether dual enrollment should be evaluated only by time-to-degree, and Degenfelder said the analysis should also consider additional credentials and remedial coursework. Senator Schuler and others raised the idea of making financial literacy or other life-skills content more common, though Degenfelder said she did not favor a statewide mandate and instead preferred incentives and district-level implementation. The committee also discussed artificial intelligence in schools as an information-sharing topic, with Degenfelder saying the department is beginning a landscape analysis with districts and teachers. She then reviewed NAEP results, noting Wyoming performs strongly in fourth grade but drops sharply by eighth grade, and said the state wants to understand where students are falling off. Members also raised concerns about international comparisons and the need to improve literacy and math outcomes. The committee then moved to member-submitted topics. Representative Strock proposed reviewing the governance structure of state education, arguing that the current split among the Department of Education, State Board of Education, and other boards creates inefficiency and confusion, especially for licensure and programs like CTE. Senator Scott noted that turnover in the superintendent’s office could be a practical issue in any restructuring, and Strock responded that administrative staff could handle day-to-day operations. Representative Williams then introduced a discussion of common core standards and literacy, arguing that standards may be too broad and not specific enough, especially in early grades, and that Wyoming should emphasize phonics, basic reading, math, and civics more directly. Representative Guggenmos agreed that narrowing early-grade focus to math and literacy could improve outcomes. Finally, Representative Williams raised virtual education, saying it is growing quickly and the committee should study funding, accountability, and student support more closely; the chair opened that topic for further discussion.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Senate Session (Part I) Mar 19th, 2025

Texas Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Now, I know as a mother of a... student-athlete, and I was a student-athlete myself.
  • what the state believes they should be as a student. student.
  • students of the state to what the state of Texas believes should the students be.
  • Because it's for all students, right? All the students. students are there.
  • level. student level.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Judiciary Mar 19th, 2025

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • students that chose to be in private schools.
  • students have taken their spots.
  • And I had students who attended... ...private school when he did.
  • And I had students who attended students. My children attended one private, one public.
  • They may not, depending on how many students come in and out.
Summary: The Judiciary Committee considered a long agenda of claims bills, housing and business measures, and court-administration legislation. It reported favorably several claims bills, including SB 20 for J.N., a minor, SB 14 for the estate of Pennial Janvier, SB 10 for Sidney Holmes, SB 8 for Marcus Button, SB 22 for Eric and Jennifer Miles, and SB 26 for Kristen and Leah McIntosh. Members also approved SB 520 on curators of estates, SB 386 on self-storage lien-sale notices, SB 362 on reusable tenant screening reports, SB 316 creating series LLCs in Florida, and SB 1650 and SB 1652 on vexatious litigants and related public-records issues. SB 248, expanding eligibility for private school and homeschool students to participate in FHSAA sports at public schools, also passed after amendment. Most of the claims bills were described as settled cases with amounts above sovereign-immunity limits, and several senators spoke in support of compensating victims of catastrophic injury or wrongful conviction. SB 10 drew comments about the 34 years Sidney Holmes spent incarcerated after a wrongful conviction, and SB 8 prompted discussion about the long delay in resolving Marcus Button’s injuries from a 2006 school-bus crash. SB 26 was presented as an uncontested claim arising from a DACS employee’s fatal crash that severely injured two teenage girls, and the committee adopted an amendment placing funds for the minor claimant into trust. The policy bills drew more substantive debate. SB 386 would let self-storage operators use websites instead of newspaper ads for lien-sale notices, with newspaper representatives opposing the change and storage-industry witnesses supporting modernization and lower costs. SB 362 would let renters reuse tenant screening reports for 30 days, with the sponsor saying it would reduce repeated application fees. SB 316 would authorize series LLCs while adding record-keeping protections, and SB 1650/1652 would broaden Florida’s vexatious-litigant rules and create a public-records exemption for certain stricken filings. SB 248 passed over concerns from private-school and public-education witnesses about instructional time, funding, and fairness in athletic participation. All measures were reported favorably, with recorded votes ranging from 7-2 on SB 248 to unanimous or near-unanimous support on the other bills.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Public Education Mar 18th, 2025

Public Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • Students don't know how to do those things.
  • At Rancier Middle School, we serve over 700 students.
  • The parents were more upset than the students, as far as I'm concerned.
  • I've seen students um be more aware.
  • And have, have student outcomes improved? Student outcomes, yes. I have definitely seen our scores.
Bills: HB6, HB27, HB123, HB210, HB213, HB222
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Student career pathways framework established 2/26/26

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • c> in pathways, students participate in pathways, students participate in hands-on<00:18:01.520><
  • These partnerships help the students These partnerships help the students understand<00:19:48.400
  • That means more students are on track, more students are graduating on time, and more students are prepared
  • That means more students are on track, more students are graduating on time, and more students are prepared
  • That means more students are on track, more students are graduating on time, and more students are prepared
Keywords: 1183, house
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • , 250 students each grow by 500 students, 250 students each year,<00:59:37.040> and<00:59:37.200
  • The Ohio students are steps ahead of where the Kentucky students are today.
  • The Ohio students are steps ahead of where the Kentucky students are today.
  • The Ohio students are steps ahead of where the Kentucky students are today.
  • The Ohio students are steps ahead of where the Kentucky students are today.
Keywords: 958, all
Summary: The Budget Review Subcommittee on Education met without a quorum, so the minutes were not approved. The main presentation was from retired economics professors John Garren and Dr. Kums, who discussed their Bluegrass Institute research on teacher compensation in Kentucky since the Kentucky Education Reform Act era. They said teacher base salaries, adjusted for inflation, have declined over the last decade, while state-paid “on-behalf” benefits such as pension and health insurance contributions have risen sharply; they argued total teacher compensation has increased modestly overall, but less than per-pupil funding. They also presented broader context on staffing growth, declining average daily attendance, Kentucky’s low share of teachers among total school staff, and flat or weak NAEP and ACT performance trends, including widening white-Black score gaps on NAEP. Members questioned the methodology and interpretation of the compensation figures. Representative Bojanowski argued the on-behalf calculations may overstate teacher compensation because they include insurance and pension costs that also benefit classified employees and retirees, and he asked for clarification on the denominator used to derive the per-teacher amount. Representative Truit said the presentation could be misleading if it implies teachers earn $94,000 in salary, and he objected to framing pension stabilization payments as teacher pay. The presenters responded that they were using total compensation, not salary alone, said they had divided total personnel-related on-behalf payments by the relevant staff count, and promised to review and send a technical explanation. Representative Truit and Chairman Typton both emphasized that compensation should be viewed as salary plus benefits, not salary alone, and noted that pension contributions are part of the cost of employing teachers. The presenters said their intent was to show the full compensation package and its relevance to labor supply and teacher shortages, not to claim that individual teachers earn the total compensation figure as salary. No votes or formal actions were taken beyond the decision to revisit the minutes at a later meeting due to the lack of quorum.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Higher Education Dec 3rd, 2025

Appropriations Committee on Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • I'm focused on the long-term financial sustainability and student success.
  • We protect our students. We work very closely with our faculty and students.
  • We want to keep every student right here in Florida.
  • And I want to make sure that that student experience is protected.
  • I've tutored students, mentored students. I've tutored students, mentored students.
Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Higher Education met to hear confirmations for 19 appointees and reappointees to university and state college boards, with most of the agenda focused on the University of Florida, Florida A&M University, Florida Atlantic University, University of Central Florida, Florida State University, Florida Polytechnic University, Florida Gulf Coast University, Pensacola State College, State College of Florida Manatee-Sarasota, North Florida College, South Florida State College, and the Florida Prepaid College Board. Testimony from the nominees generally emphasized their educational backgrounds, professional experience, and priorities such as student success, workforce development, financial sustainability, research growth, housing, and maintaining or improving institutional rankings. Several UF trustees highlighted the university’s “One UF” vision, institutional neutrality, and goals of reaching top-three or top-one national status. Other nominees stressed the role of state colleges in workforce pipelines, and Florida Poly witnesses focused on STEM growth, housing, and strong graduate outcomes. One in-person public testimony came from Elijah Hooks, who spoke in opposition to the current FAMU administration and described his expulsion, arrest, and trespass from campus after protesting the appointment of President Marva Johnson. For FAMU, Jocelyn Dobson Rodriguez testified in support of her appointment, emphasizing her legal background, alumni ties, and goals of strengthening leadership, alumni engagement, and the connection between the main campus and the College of Law in Orlando. For Florida Atlantic University, Tina Vidal-Duart was questioned closely about her prior service on the Hope Florida Foundation board and about CDR Health’s involvement in state contracts; she said she was not aware of the foundation’s governance problems at the time and that CDR’s state contract was a flat daily rate. The committee then voted to report all appointees favorably except for Tina Vidal-Duart, whose confirmation was held for a separate vote at the request of Senator Bracy Davis. After discussion, the committee voted 5-1 to report her confirmation favorably as well. The meeting concluded with no further business and adjournment.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

IC - Indian Affairs Nov 14th, 2025

House Government, Elections & Indian Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • 500 of those students are dual credit students at our tribal colleges and universities.
  • on campus, not just Hispanic or minority students. all students on campus, not just Hispanic or minority
  • students.
  • These are public institutions that have a student body of Native American students, which is 10% or more
  • As far as those impact numbers and the decrease in graduate students, particularly international students
NM
Transcript Highlights:
  • On page 17 is the first graph, which compares Hispanic students in HEA programming to Hispanic students
  • It went directly to the students.
  • It is very, very difficult for Hispanic, Mexican students, Spanish-speaking students to be successful
  • It was just awesome to see these students.
  • or other students.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • How many online... are you talking all students, or just high school students online?
  • Are you talking about all students, or just high school students online?
  • meaningful opportunities for students meaningful opportunities for students and<00:35:47.040>
  • currently are made available for student currently are made available for student support<00:54:
  • I work with the students broadly.
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The hearing covered Senate Bill 426, which would create an early learning apprenticeship grant program. Testimony was overwhelmingly supportive from the City and County of Honolulu, the Department of Human Services, the Executive Office on Early Learning, the University of Hawaiʻi College of Education, the Attorney General’s office, the Early Childhood Action Strategy, Hawaii Children’s Action Network, the University of Hawaiʻi’s early childhood educator project, and a Zoom testifier who described the importance of investing in high-quality early childhood education. Committee discussion focused on the program’s estimated cost, with figures of about $14.5 million in 2025-26 and $15 million in 2026-27, and on whether the program would require ongoing base-budget funding. The committee recommended technical, non-substantive amendments, including a statewide-concern amendment and a deferred effective date, and both committees adopted the recommendation by vote. The committees then heard Senate Bill 1622, which would appropriate funds to establish the Aloha Intelligence Institute within the University of Hawaiʻi to support statewide artificial intelligence initiatives. University representatives described the proposal as the product of campus-wide input and outlined five pillars: governance and policy, outreach and engagement, research and development, workforce development, and AI tools for key sectors such as health care, creative industries, manufacturing, data science, astronomy, and climate change. Members questioned staffing distribution, tuition, enrollment timing, housing, campus placement, and whether positions would be permanent or temporary; the university said it planned about 10 positions across campuses, would start with internal resources, and would house the effort under the Vice President for Research and Innovation initially. The committees recommended an SD1 with the appropriation amounts blanked out, a July 31, 2050 effective date, and committee-report language on housing and West Oʻahu, and the higher education and labor/technology committees adopted the amended recommendation. Finally, the Higher Education Committee took up Senate Bill 1488, a housekeeping measure to consolidate existing University of Hawaiʻi conference center statutes into a single revolving fund structure, and Senate Bill 636, which would fund retention and internship coordinator positions and broader enrollment management efforts at the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo. SB 1488 drew university support and no opposition. SB 636 prompted substantial questioning about Hilo’s declining enrollment, current retention rate of 72.8 percent, and the scope of the request, which includes not only two named positions but also about $432,000 for enrollment management initiatives such as data analysis, IT support, and other student services. Hilo said it is targeting 3 to 5 percent annual enrollment growth and that the positions would support recruitment, retention, internships, and data-driven enrollment strategy. The committee pressed for a clearer broader plan, but the discussion in the transcript ended before a final vote on SB 636 was shown.
WV
Transcript Highlights:
  • The committee substitute provides for support to the chronically absent student by a student support
  • So say we're 100 days into the school year and the students'... Services to the students.
  • There's an addition to the bill right now: students, parents, guardians, and custodians of students who
  • They would be able to handle that amount of chronically absent students—over 1,000 students that we would
  • So at three days, the student receives attention; they ask the student, you know, hey, what's going on
Keywords: 994, senate, all
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:24:10.080> with number of districts with students with number of districts with students
  • 804 students?
  • <00:30:18.159> that decision for all of the students that decision for all of the students
  • Um so help the student with that.
  • students receiving special education. students receiving special education.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The commission met to continue its study of the cost of special education, with the chair emphasizing that the group needs to narrow its focus over the coming year toward specific cost drivers, including the IEP process, Medicaid, charter schools, and EFAs. Members reviewed a draft first report due November 1 and agreed it would be a brief synopsis of prior meetings, with minutes attached. The September 30, 2025 minutes were amended to correct the number of federally funded department staff from 234 to 23, and to revise language about Senator Sullivan’s comments so they reflected concerns about IEP advocates and fees charged to families rather than support for the concept. The amended minutes were then approved unanimously, with abstentions noted for members who were absent. The main presentation focused on how special education costs are handled for students attending charter schools. The DOE representative said there are 804 students with disabilities in charter schools across 88 of the state’s 176 districts, and that the district of residence remains responsible for all services and costs. She explained that students must meet IDEA criteria through district evaluation and parent consent, and that services are determined through individual IEP meetings rather than by a blanket charter-school decision. Members asked how those costs are tracked, whether any students are merely “monitored,” and whether districts separately identify charter-school special education expenses; the answer was that most districts fold those costs into their overall special education budget, though some may break them out as a line item. The discussion then turned to transportation and mileage costs for staff providing services at charter schools. Testimony indicated that districts may use their own staff, contract staff, or contract with a charter school for certified services, and that travel costs are often either built into contracts or absorbed as part of staff time rather than separately reimbursed. Members questioned whether mileage is reimbursed when staff travel to distant charter schools and whether those costs can be isolated in district budgets; the response was that practices vary by district and are not usually broken out by special education function. Several members argued this makes it difficult to determine the true cost of delivering special education, especially given New Hampshire’s model in which the district of residence pays regardless of where the charter school is located. The chair noted the complexity of the system and compared it to the state’s separate tuition and transportation approach for career and technical education centers.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session 5/16/25 - Part 2

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Nobody wants to suspend a student or expel a student.
  • If you take it by student, it's a cut of $517 per student.
  • If you take it by student, it's a cut of $517 per student.
  • If you take it by student, it's a cut of $517 per student.
  • If you take it by student, it's a cut of $517 per student.
Keywords: 1183, house
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • About 37% of our students are first-generation college students. 39% are Pell eligible.
  • making in terms of reducing our students making in terms of reducing our students debt<00:03:50.239
  • <00:15:47.519> Our opportunity for our students. Our opportunity for our students.
  • <00:16:10.240> in generation and lowincome students in generation and lowincome students in
  • ,<00:47:08.400> doesn't that doesn't divide students, doesn't that doesn't divide students
Keywords: 958, all
Summary: The House Budget Review Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education met without a quorum and postponed approval of the minutes. The committee first heard from Northern Kentucky University President Katie Short Thompson, who highlighted NKU’s enrollment growth, student success metrics, national recognition for value, lower student debt, and new programs tied to regional workforce needs, including AI, cybersecurity, supply chain analytics, cardiovascular perfusion, and the Norse Network Hub for employer access. She asked for a $5 million recurring base funding adjustment to align NKU’s general fund support with peer institutions, along with support for tuition waivers with FAFSA requirements, continued debt collection authority through the Department of Revenue, inclusion of fire and tornado insurance premiums in base funding, inflation and performance-funding support, and increased asset preservation funding. She also outlined capital priorities for the Hail College of Business building, Nunn Hall, and the MEP building, and requested $5.4 million to match private support for the Young Scholars Academy, a dual-credit program serving first-generation and low-income students. Representative Tipton questioned NKU about the number of older students using tuition waivers and whether the university could continue the program without a statutory age-based mandate. Thompson said the number of students over 65 using the waiver was small, that some students pursue degrees while others audit classes, and that external fundraising could potentially support the program if state funding changed. Tipton also confirmed NKU’s requested priorities and the $5.4 million match for the Young Scholars Academy. The committee then heard from University of Kentucky representative Dr. Cavallo, who framed UK’s request around accountability, workforce development, research, and health care impact. He described a patient story to illustrate UK’s medical mission, cited growth in enrollment, degrees awarded, hospital patients treated, and research grant revenue, and emphasized UK’s role in extension services and disaster response. He said UK is consolidating services for efficiency and is focusing on future workforce needs, especially artificial intelligence, noting the launch of the state’s first AI bachelor’s degree and a partnership with Microsoft to expand AI tools and training across campus and the Advancing Kentucky Together network. He also discussed demographic challenges, the need to retain graduates in Kentucky, and the importance of aligning programs and funding with long-term state needs.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Hied Committee Meeting - 2026-04-09

Higher Education Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • . students. students.
  • leave some students behind. leave some students behind.
  • students.
  • class for students it's a hard student class for students to<00:42:55.280> pass.
  • She was a student. So, so Minnesota. She was a student.
Bills: HF4698, HF4608
Summary: The committee first approved the March 26 minutes after Representative Coulter pointed out and moved a technical correction to add a missing “T” in “Regents.” The committee then took up HF 4698, which Representative Duran said would address enrollment fraud at Minnesota State Colleges and Universities by funding an automated identity-proofing system. Testimony from Chief Information Security Officer Craig Munson described a commercial software system that would verify student identities using a selfie and a state ID image, reduce ghost students and fraud, speed enrollment, and lessen staff time spent on manual investigations. Members focused heavily on privacy, data retention, and biometric concerns. Representative Cleveland asked what biometric data would be collected, and Munson said it would be limited to a selfie and ID images, not fingerprints or retinal scans. Chair Klippert and others urged stronger Chapter 13 protections and clearer data practices, while Chair Scott asked how long images would be stored; Munson said they should be deleted as soon as identity is validated, with possible revalidation later. Members also raised concerns about racial bias in biometric matching and the need for alternate verification methods. The bill was laid over, and Duran said he would work on the data practices with committee members. The committee then heard HF 4608, presented by Representative Allen for Representative Koznick, on developmental education reform. Allen said too many students are placed into remedial courses that do not count toward a degree, costing time and money and reducing completion rates. Jane Groatman of the International Institute of Minnesota supported the bill, describing students who spent years in noncredit remedial coursework and arguing for a one-semester cap on remedial classes and clearer notice that such credits do not count toward a degree. Mark Grant of Minnesota State College faculty opposed the bill’s approach, saying it imposed a one-size-fits-all model, could undermine open admissions, and should not limit colleges’ flexibility to meet diverse student needs. The bill was laid over for further consideration.