Video & Transcript Research : 'social progress'

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MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session, 2/19/2026 #1

Maryland House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:04:40.320> These scholarship and social action. These scholarship and social action.
  • Each year, sewers from protect progress.
  • one of our statewide social action coordinators as well.
  • <00:07:10.720> action scholarship, service, and social action scholarship, service, and social
  • Let's commit to continued progress and advocacy on this issue.
Summary: The House convened with 124 members present, offered prayer, approved the previous day’s journal by consent, and then moved through introductory matters and a ceremonial resolution recognizing Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated for its 113 years of sisterhood, scholarship, service, and social action in Maryland. Members welcomed visiting sorors and applauded the recognition. The chamber later confirmed 131 members present and proceeded to third reading bills. Several bills were passed without opposition, including House Bill 7, authorizing limited music therapy licenses; House Bill 42, revising the State Board of Massage Therapy Examiners; House Bill 164, on yard waste collection and disposal; and House Bill 177, on bicycles, play vehicles, and unicycles at crosswalks. House Bill 55, which would expand speed camera authority to local jurisdictions statewide for certain roads and areas, drew the most debate. Supporters argued it would give counties and municipalities local control to address speeding and safety concerns, while opponents raised concerns about local autonomy, revenue use, and whether camera fines supplement or supplant public safety funding. The floor leader clarified that the bill would extend authority now limited to three counties, that existing notice and public hearing requirements would remain, and that revenues must still be used for administrative costs and public safety. During debate on House Bill 55, members asked about the speed threshold, fine structure, whether citations go to vehicle owners, and whether the bill would change how local governments use camera revenues. The floor leader said the bill itself does not alter the existing rule that revenues after administrative costs must go to public safety, and that local jurisdictions could still further restrict use of funds. After debate, House Bill 55 passed 98-35. House Bill 164 passed 96-38, while House Bill 7 passed 133-0 and House Bill 42 passed 132-0.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Social Security increase to directly fund an annual equivalent increase in the base rate while keeping
  • I have seen the positive progress made when they were able to access affordable, evidence-based supports
  • For more than 55 years, we've provided essential social services to vulnerable populations in crisis,
  • The Social Work Code of Ethics promotes self-determination, meaning social workers meet clients where
  • Recommendations from the LBB this session indicate that we're starting to rise; I see some progress.
Bills: SB1, SB 1
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Human Services Finance and Policy Committee 4/1/25

Human Services Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • However, it can still progress to a life-threatening illness.
  • However, it can still progress to a life-threatening illness.
  • However, it can still progress to a life-threatening illness.
  • my name is Todd Archbold I'm a social my name is Todd Archbold I'm a social worker<01:25:50.600>
  • We made progress last year.
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • And that way we can make progress together on the most pressing issues.
  • Over the last few years, working together, we've made historic bipartisan progress on important issues
  • Historical trauma confound with social, economic, political, and environment factors have impacted the
  • tax-exempt bond financing will enhance job creation, generate sorely needed governmental revenue for social
  • And having the Office of Native Affairs there, as well as the TTAC there, allowed us to progress that
Summary: The committee meeting focused on crucial issues facing tribal nations, particularly emphasizing the federal government's trust and treaty obligations. The discussions highlighted ongoing challenges such as disparities in healthcare, education, and public safety within Native communities. Chair Murkowski underscored the importance of listening to Native leaders and aligning congressional efforts with community needs, advocating for legislative actions that support tribal sovereignty and economic development. Various initiatives, including the Tax Parity Act and the PROTECT Act, aimed at addressing jurisdictional and financial disparities, were discussed in detail. A call for bipartisan support to alleviate the funding shortages affecting Indian Health Services was made several times during the meeting. Testimonies from tribal leaders and representatives emphasized the dire need for legislative support to enhance infrastructure, healthcare access, and public safety initiatives in tribal communities.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Education Committee Apr 30th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • And what's nice is this state has made real progress in recent years.
  • We're making progress. AB 1454 is the next big step to take for our kids on literacy.
  • Oh, these districts are making real progress. They had pretty good consistency.
  • I'm very proud of this city and the progress that it has made.
  • And we can't just have a city that's with all this progress and not have a school district with progress
Summary: The Assembly Education Committee heard AB 84, a charter school accountability measure focused on non-classroom-based charter schools and fraud prevention. The author and supporters said the bill was intended to respond to the A3 charter fraud case and related scandals by strengthening audits, transparency, authorizer oversight, and funding determination rules, while ensuring public education dollars are used for public education. Supporters included FCMAT, CSEA, CTA, and CSBA, who argued the bill would improve oversight and protect taxpayers. Opponents, including the California Charter Schools Association, Green Dot, many charter parents, educators, and charter operators, said the bill was too broad, would impose major new costs and bureaucracy on all charter schools, and could reduce options for families, especially those using flexible, homeschool, or special-needs charter programs. After extensive testimony and committee discussion, the bill passed on a 5-1 vote and was sent to Appropriations, with the item left open for additional votes. The committee then approved a consent calendar of 11 education bills, including AB 542, AB 563, AB 731, AB 753, AB 784, AB 964, AB 988, AB 1034, AB 1233, AB 1255, and AB 1381, all moving to Appropriations. The consent calendar passed unanimously. Later, the committee heard AB 1454, a literacy and reading instruction bill authored by Assembly Members Rubio and Revis. The bill would require the state to create professional development resources for evidence-based literacy instruction, update English language arts and English language development instructional materials, and revise administrator preparation standards to include literacy training. The authors and a broad coalition of supporters, including CTA, EdVoice, Families in Schools, Decoding Dyslexia, school administrators, and parent advocates, described the measure as a compromise aimed at improving reading outcomes and addressing California’s literacy crisis. There was no opposition testimony at the hearing, and members voiced strong support for the bill and its collaborative approach.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee Jun 23rd, 2026

Privacy and Consumer Protection

Transcript Highlights:
  • I know parents who, after losing their child to social media, met with a Snapchat spokesperson to ask
  • Seventy-five percent of online abuse happens on social media.
  • Robert Singleton, with Chamber of Progress, also respectfully opposed. Thank you. Good afternoon.
  • And we're very proud of our progress in that space.
  • Robert Singleton with Chamber of Progress and strong support.
Keywords: 988, house, all
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Financial Services Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:30 am

Joint Committee on Financial Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • These support services address social and medical complexity that keep patients out of emergency rooms
  • These support services address social and medical complexity that keep patients out of emergency rooms
  • So, last session, we made historic progress together.
  • We made historic progress together. We passed the 2024 maternal health and midwifery omnibus law.
  • This bill ensures that the progress Massachusetts made toward expanding access to midwifery care can
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The committee held a public hearing with testimony on several health care bills, with most of the discussion focused on primary care access, community health center reimbursement, midwifery and birth centers, telehealth, hospital-at-home, direct primary care, and trans-inclusive health care access. Chair Feeney and Chair Murphy opened by noting the large number of signups and asking testifiers to keep remarks brief because of time constraints. Legislators and witnesses repeatedly emphasized that Massachusetts’ primary care system is under strain and that federal policy changes and reimbursement gaps are worsening financial pressure on providers. On community health centers, Representative Blay, Senator Lovely, Michael Curry, Bethany Keeley, Jag Deep Trevetti, Sean Cahill, and Christina Severin all supported H. 1096/S. 711, which would require commercial insurers to pay federally qualified health centers at least the MassHealth prospective payment system rate. They argued that commercial plans currently reimburse health centers below Medicaid rates, threatening sustainability, staffing, and access, especially as federal cuts and coverage losses could increase uncompensated care. Testifiers said the bill would stabilize health centers, protect primary care access, and not cost the state money. A second major topic was H. 1117/S. 784 on sustaining birth centers and the midwifery workforce. Senator Lovely, Senator Miranda, Emily Anesta, Rebecca Orden, Catherine Rushworth, Nishira Burrill, Joel Sutherland, Rachel Blessington, Joelle Ward, and others described the 2024 maternal health omnibus as an important first step, but said birth centers and midwives still face low reimbursement, workforce shortages, and financial instability. They urged reimbursement parity, a workforce development fund, and support for freestanding birth centers, citing improved outcomes, lower C-section rates, better patient experience, and racial equity in maternal health. Several speakers shared personal birth stories and said the bill would help preserve and expand birth options in communities like Roxbury, Worcester, and the North Shore. The committee also heard support for H. 1343 on direct primary care from Dr. Garofalo, Dr. Altman, Dr. Nair, Stephanie Cameron, Dr. Haley Moke-Blessed, and others, who said current insurance rules force patients to use a separate in-network primary care doctor for referrals and sometimes prevent physicians from dispensing medications. They argued the bill would reduce delays, administrative burden, and costs while improving continuity of care. In addition, Dr. Miklides and Sue Stempeck supported H. 1141 on hospital-at-home parity, saying the model has strong outcomes and should be reimbursed at the same rate as brick-and-mortar hospital care. Heather Myers and Katrina Cook testified on telehealth and digital health equity, urging broader coverage for asynchronous care, remote monitoring, interpreter services, and digital literacy supports. SEIU Local 509 supported H. 1188/S. 681 on trans-inclusive health care access, saying it would remove arbitrary insurance barriers to gender-affirming care. No votes or committee actions were taken during the hearing.
MS

Mississippi 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations - Room 409, 28 January, 2026; 1:30 P.M.

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • And so that progression is only $6,000.
  • <00:27:41.120> But progression um is only um $6,000.
  • But progression um is only um $6,000.
  • Uh and if you get social encryption.
  • And we don't have socialized medicine. And if we did, it'd be seven years.
Summary: The committee heard budget presentations from the Mississippi Board of Pharmacy and the Mississippi State Board of Chiropractic Examiners, followed by the physical therapy board. The Pharmacy Board said it licenses pharmacists, technicians, students, and many facilities and supply-chain entities, including wholesalers, manufacturers, 3PLs, PBMs, and nonresident compounders. Its main requests were a 3% salary increase for specialized staff, about $118,000 for contract help to evaluate pharmacists with substance abuse or mental health issues under a recently passed public health bill, and additional IT spending authority for system upgrades and cloud migration. Members discussed the board’s role in protecting the public, vetting out-of-state facilities, and the need to keep sensitive data secure; no vote was taken. The Chiropractic Examiners board described itself as a small, contract-staffed agency with about 700 active licenses and a database system that is no longer supported by Microsoft. It said it had requested about $173,000, but the legislative budget recommendation was $134,000, and it needs roughly $40,000 more to upgrade or rebuild the system, including security fixes and online renewal capability. Members focused on the cybersecurity risk of using unsupported software and the need to protect personal information; the board also noted that its licensing data does not include banking information because payments are handled through the state portal. The Physical Therapy Board said it regulates physical therapists and physical therapist assistants, with 4,242 licenses and 252 complaints in the last fiscal year, and that demand for the profession continues to grow. Its requests included $6,000 in salary progression for long-serving staff, about $360 more in PDM salary authority, and roughly $38,610 for a one-time upgrade to its LMS licensing system, plus related cloud-migration costs. Senators noted the board’s strong reputation, discussed the burden of annual or biennial renewals, and supported the technology upgrade because the current system is no longer supported and could create liability risks if not addressed.
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Artificial Intelligence and Data Center Committee Jul 15th, 2026

Artificial Intelligence and Data Center Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • AI is progressing through three main stages. Artificial narrow intelligence.
  • Right now, it's popular among very progressive Democratic senators and representatives.
  • And socialism happens and communism happens, like William Federer says.
  • And computers, that might prevent them from connecting socially with their fellow children.
  • I believe we do allow construction work in progress in certain circumstances.
Summary: The committee held its first meeting on artificial intelligence and data centers, establishing its purpose as a study and policy-development body rather than one aimed at producing many bills. Majority Leader Hogue urged members to move quickly, focus on federal and other states’ AI laws, consider possible federal preemption, child protections, and the siting and economic impacts of data centers. Committee leadership echoed that the goal is practical, balanced governance that protects North Dakota while allowing innovation to continue. Legislative Council staff provided a background memo and NCSL presented a detailed overview of AI concepts and the current state legislative landscape. The presentations distinguished narrow AI, generative AI, agentic AI, and theoretical AGI/ASI, and summarized major state policy themes: comprehensive AI laws in states such as Utah, Colorado, Texas, California, and Illinois; targeted laws on deepfakes, chatbots, health, education, notifications, and digital likeness; and growing use of appropriations and agency inventories. Members asked about Colorado’s repeal and reenactment, Texas’s sandbox and training provisions, oversight structures, and whether AI regulation is bipartisan; presenters said most issues cut across party lines, with broad agreement on child safety and deepfakes but more division on broader regulatory approaches. The federal update focused on executive orders, preemption, and congressional activity. NCSL described a White House framework favoring a single federal standard, a DOJ litigation task force, Commerce Department review of state laws, and possible funding conditions tied to state AI policy, though no formal state-law challenge had yet occurred. The presentation also covered a recent executive order creating a voluntary federal vetting process for advanced frontier models after safety concerns, and congressional proposals including a failed 10-year state moratorium, Senator Blackburn’s child-safety bills, the Kids Online Safety Act, a House-passed children’s digital safety package, a Senate data center moratorium proposal, and a House ratepayer/data-center bill. The committee took no formal action beyond receiving testimony and asking questions.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Judiciary Committee Apr 8th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • Social media platforms are causing untold harm to our kids.
  • Like a bullhorn, social media has the ability to both amplify and distort social ills and harms.
  • I'm not against social media.
  • at least being on social media, There is a lot of data out there that shows harms that social media,
  • And with, it seems like the window that social media, with, it seems like this, the window that social
Summary: The committee heard several bills, beginning with AB 2, which would create enhanced civil penalties for large social media companies when negligence proven in court causes harm to children and teens. The author and supporters argued the bill is needed to address addictive algorithms and harmful content, while opponents warned it was vague, could chill speech, and might be preempted by federal law. Members largely focused on whether the bill changed the standard of care or burden of proof; the bill passed out of committee on a roll call vote, with some members noting concerns but supporting it to continue the discussion. AB 282, dealing with housing vouchers and source-of-income discrimination, would clarify that housing providers may prioritize applicants who qualify for rental assistance without violating fair housing law. Supporters from housing authorities, local governments, and advocacy groups said it would help voucher holders find units and improve use of housing funds. There was no opposition, and the bill passed to Appropriations on a roll call vote, with two no votes. The committee also considered AB 882 on court reporter availability and electronic recording in certain cases when a court reporter is unavailable. Supporters said the bill is a temporary, narrowly tailored response to a shortage of reporters and would preserve access to accurate records, while opponents argued it was too narrow, raised access-to-justice concerns, and should be broadened. Members from both sides emphasized the importance of court reporters and electronic recording as a backup; the bill passed with an urgency clause and was sent to Appropriations. The committee then heard AB 325 on algorithmic price fixing, AB 935 on civil rights data clarity, AB 1414 on tenant choice of internet service provider, and AB 67 on Attorney General enforcement of the Reproductive Privacy Act; each drew support from sponsors and advocacy groups, opposition centered on overbreadth or policy concerns, and each advanced on committee votes, with several members requesting further amendments or clarification.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • And we need progress. programs like this so that we can address those vulnerabilities without breaking
  • For example, social justice in the environment at U of H, or black womanism slash violence feminism and
  • I mean, yeah, well, in terms of social work in particular, I mean, They're responsible for, you know,
  • First Walk and they cannot tell me the difference between socialism, capitalism, and socialism.
  • the Texas transgender non-discrimination scholars, and I'm also an Autistic Transgender Master of Social
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • English drama is another area, and mathematics and social sciences.
  • each and the the hope is that in an emergency permit situation it's enabled the candidate to make progress
  • Yeah, I mean, certainly, yeah, we have that ongoing conversation about whether the progressive nature
  • of the local control funding formula is progressive enough to meet the greater needs in our low-income
  • gaining a deeper knowledge of their content areas, and using data in new ways to assess student progress
Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance heard an extended discussion on state efforts to recruit, prepare, and retain teachers, with a focus on whether current programs are sustainable and well targeted. Testimony from the Learning Policy Institute, the Commission on Teacher Credentialing, the Department of Education, and the Legislative Analyst’s Office described persistent shortages, especially in special education, math, science, bilingual education, and high-need schools. Speakers emphasized that residency programs, Golden State Teacher Grants, National Board incentives, classified employee pathways, and undergraduate teacher pipelines have helped increase preparation and retention, but many of these efforts rely on one-time funding and lack long-term certainty. Committee members repeatedly raised concerns about the “leaky pipeline,” working conditions, the burden of student debt, and whether the state should simplify and institutionalize support for aspiring teachers rather than rely on a patchwork of grants. The agencies presented data showing continuing shortages and uneven distribution of fully credentialed teachers. CTC reported projected hiring needs of roughly 20,000 to 25,000 teachers annually, with the highest needs in self-contained classrooms, special education, and certain regions of the state. It also noted that emergency permits, waivers, and intern credentials remain high, and that teachers entering through those routes have higher turnover. LPI cited research showing residency-prepared teachers are more effective and more likely to stay, and argued that Golden State Teacher Grants attract candidates who might not otherwise enter teaching and help them complete preparation. CDE stressed that most new demand comes from attrition and urged support for multiple entry points, tuition assistance, and campus-based coursework. Several members also discussed the role of community college pathways, dual credentialing, and support for school leaders as part of retention. The LAO recommended rejecting the educator pipeline proposals under discussion, citing limited evidence of effectiveness and suggesting that any new spending should be more narrowly targeted to the highest-need schools and long-standing shortage subjects. The LAO also said that if the Legislature funds new programs this year, Proposition 98 would be preferable given the state’s fiscal condition. Committee members pushed back on the idea that declining enrollment or layoffs would solve shortages, noting that shortages and layoffs can coexist in different subject areas and regions. The discussion ended with agreement that staff would continue working with agencies on how to make teacher pipeline investments more consistent, coherent, and easier for candidates to navigate. The committee then turned to the Golden State Teacher Grant Program. Finance proposed $50 million in one-time General Fund support to extend the program for one additional year, while the LAO recommended rejecting the proposal because the first CSAC evaluation is not due until later in the year and because the funding would be non-Proposition 98. CSAC supported the extension, saying demand has been strong, over 20,000 aspiring educators have been served since 2021, and the agency had to pause applications after receiving more than 9,200 this year; it also said more than 2,500 candidates had already expressed interest for next year. Members asked how many students the new funding would serve, and CSAC estimated just under 5,000 awards at $10,000 each. The discussion also covered whether the grant could be moved into Proposition 98 and how the one-time nature of the funding affects confidence among prospective teachers.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Children, Families and Persons with Disabilities Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Children, Families and Persons with Disabilities

Transcript Highlights:
  • And that was Speaker Finran, not known necessarily as a big progressive, right?
  • Not known necessarily as a big progressive, right?
  • But piecemeal progress isn't enough when children are suffering today.
  • We are grateful for this forward progress, but we can't stop now.
  • I am a SNAP and Social Security recipient, and I live in public housing.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The House Committee on Children and Families held a hybrid hearing on a broad set of anti-hunger, family support, and basic-needs bills. Early testimony focused on SNAP and DTA operations: Rep. DeRosa and others urged passage of H. 196/S. 167 to require DTA to identify staffing, technology, funding, and operational needs to improve timeliness and customer service, warning that unanswered calls, delayed recertifications, and federal changes could sharply raise state costs through higher SNAP administrative burdens and payment-error penalties. Speakers from Massachusetts Law Reform Institute and Project Bread said DTA is under-resourced, caseloads have grown, and families are being denied or delayed due to phone and paperwork barriers. Another major SNAP-related bill, H. 254/S. 147, would require the Commonwealth to replace stolen EBT/SNAP benefits; testimony described more than $13 million stolen from about 27,000 households since June 2022 and argued families should not bear losses from organized theft rings. The committee also heard strong support for H. 207/S. 117, which would restore state-funded nutrition assistance for legally present immigrants excluded from federal SNAP under recent federal changes. Advocates from Project Bread, the Massachusetts Law Reform Institute, local immigrant services, and public health groups said the federal cuts would leave thousands of residents, including refugees, asylum seekers, trafficking survivors, and children, without food support, and argued Massachusetts has a history of filling this gap. Testimony also supported H. 222/S. 104 to make the Healthy Incentives Program permanent and year-round; supporters said HIP improves nutrition, boosts local farms and regional economies, and had already served more than 212,000 households in FY25. A related child-support bill, H. 201/S. 110, would increase the amount of child support passed through to TAFDC families and expand good-cause exemptions; witnesses said the change would put more money directly in families’ hands, reduce poverty, and better protect survivors of domestic violence and families with complicated co-parenting situations. A large portion of the hearing was devoted to deep-poverty and diaper-related legislation. Supporters of H. 214/S. 118 said cash assistance grants have lost value over time and should be raised annually until they reach half of the federal poverty level; advocates from Children’s HealthWatch, Hopewell, the Lift Our Kids Coalition, and parents described the links between deep poverty, poor child health, family stress, and child welfare involvement. They argued that higher grants would help families meet basic needs, reduce hospitalizations and neglect reports, and provide stability amid federal cuts. Finally, multiple witnesses backed diaper legislation, including H. 220/S. 151 and related bills, to create a diaper benefits pilot and/or diaper allowance commission. Testimony from the National Diaper Bank Network, MassCAP, Children’s HealthWatch, local diaper banks, and parents said diaper need is widespread, affects parental employment and mental health, and can cause health problems for infants; a federally funded pilot in Massachusetts was cited as showing improved employment, financial stability, reduced stress, and fewer diaper rashes. No votes or final actions were taken during the hearing; the committee heard testimony and asked questions throughout.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • So, with all of these examples, and they roll out day after day on social media.
  • The new placement will monitor student growth and progress over time by testing students through three
  • I'm a social studies educator with 24 years of experience and a mom of two school-age boys.
  • Part of HB4 is eliminating the mandatory requirement of social studies assessments.
  • Assessments in order to be able to compare progress among all of the kids getting an education in Texas
Keywords: 1185, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Appropriations - S/C on Article III Feb 27th, 2025

Appropriations - S/C on Article III

Transcript Highlights:
  • communities. state, and industry partners, such as computer information systems, cyber security. social
  • first In the first 15 years of our existence, our university has witnessed tremendous growth and progress
  • We're still down a little bit from COVID, but we're making progress in recovering our students. uh...
  • I'm a social work student. and I was able to learn how to do this, and I don't think any of that would
  • To sustain this progress, it's crucial that House Bill 8 reforms are fully funded.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
AL

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Mar 18th, 2025

Alabama Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • We have private companies that run programs that have Social Security... programs that have Social Security
  • here on evidence-based programs with individualized treatment, weekly supervision, drug testing, and social
  • Also, if a recent naturalized citizen registered to vote uses his or her social security card, since
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Senate Session Mar 18th, 2025

Texas Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • and throughout the bill, and socially, you know. when you start having insurance and regulate social
  • Social as part of the environmental social and governance, yes. Environmental. social.
  • Yes, okay, so explain to me the social aspect of that bill So the social aspect would be, would make
  • yes so it has nothing to do with through it outside of the company's Social, it's social within the company
  • Social value because obviously that last element is utterly without redeeming social value and clearly
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • The May Revision does make some progress on that.
  • So there's an existing annual progress report that existing community schools are already submitting
  • So there's an existing annual progress report that existing community schools are already submitting
  • Suburban districts appreciate the meaningful progress in the May Revision.
  • The meaningful progress in the May Revision. I want to highlight three items.
Keywords: 987, senate, all