Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Minnesota House Bill HF79

Introduced
2/10/25  

Caption

Water appropriation allocation priorities modified.

Summary

HF79 creates a new statutory exemption allowing certain very small farm producers to sell fluid raw milk and raw milk products directly to consumers in Minnesota without being subject to the state’s general milk licensing and pasteurization rules. The bill applies only to individuals operating farms with fewer than 12 animal units and covers products such as milk, cream, butter, cottage cheese, yogurt, ice cream, and both aged and unaged raw milk cheese. To use the exemption, sellers must label products with identifying information, production date, and a warning that the products are not subject to state inspection, and they must also post the same warning at the point of sale. The bill establishes an annual registration system with the commissioner. A tier one registration is free and allows up to $5,000 in annual raw milk sales, while a tier two registration costs $50 and allows up to $78,000 in annual sales. Registrants must complete an approved food safety, animal health, and safe milk handling class and provide proof that their animals tested negative for tuberculosis and brucellosis within 15 days of the registration request. Once registered, these sellers are exempt from the pasteurization requirement in Minnesota’s milk law. In practical terms, HF79 would amend Minnesota Statutes section 32D.20 to add a new exception to the state’s pasteurization mandate and would create new chapter 28A provisions governing raw milk sales by small farm producers. It would change the legal status of direct raw milk sales from being generally prohibited unless falling within narrow existing exceptions to being allowed for a defined class of registered small producers. The bill would affect small dairy, goat, and sheep operations, consumers seeking raw milk products, and the state agency responsible for registration and oversight. The available record shows little formal legislative activity beyond referral to the House Agriculture Finance and Policy Committee, and there are no recorded votes or committee transcripts in the provided materials. As a result, there is no documented floor debate or committee testimony to indicate broad support or opposition. Based on the bill’s structure, the measure appears designed to balance consumer access and small-farm marketing opportunities with basic disclosure and animal-health safeguards. The main points of contention likely center on food safety, public health, and the role of state inspection and pasteurization requirements. Supporters would likely emphasize small-farm economic opportunity, consumer choice, and direct-to-consumer sales, while critics would likely focus on the risks associated with raw milk consumption and the bill’s explicit statement that the products are not subject to state inspection. The bill’s tiered registration, testing, and labeling requirements suggest an attempt to address those concerns, but the core issue remains whether raw milk sales should be permitted outside the state’s standard pasteurization framework.

Impact

HF79 would create a new exemption in Minnesota law for registered small farm producers selling raw milk and raw milk products directly to consumers, and it would amend the state’s pasteurization statute to recognize that exemption. It would establish new registration, labeling, testing, and sales-limit requirements for qualifying sellers and would remove those sellers from the general licensing and pasteurization rules that otherwise apply to fluid milk sales. The bill would primarily affect small dairy, goat, and sheep farms, consumers purchasing raw milk products, and the commissioner responsible for registration and oversight.

Sentiment

The provided legislative record does not include committee testimony, recorded votes, or other debate, so there is no direct evidence of formal support or opposition in the materials. The bill’s introduction and referral suggest it was moving through the normal committee process, and its detailed safety and labeling provisions indicate an effort to make the proposal more acceptable to public-health concerns while expanding market access for small producers. Overall, the bill appears to be a pro-small-farm, pro-consumer-choice measure with anticipated concern from those focused on food safety and inspection standards.

Contention

The central controversy is whether Minnesota should allow raw milk sales outside the normal pasteurization and inspection regime. Supporters are likely to favor the bill’s direct-to-consumer sales option, small-farm exemption, and tiered registration structure, while opponents are likely to object to the health risks associated with raw milk and the bill’s express disclaimer that the products are not subject to state inspection. Additional tension may arise over the adequacy of the required animal disease testing, training, labeling, and sales caps as safeguards.

Companion Bills

MN SF490

Similar To Registered small farm producer permission to sell fluid raw milk and fluid raw milk product to consumers under certain circumstances

Previously Filed As

MN SF490

Registered small farm producer permission to sell fluid raw milk and fluid raw milk product to consumers under certain circumstances

MN HF537

Registered small farm producers permitted to sell fluid raw milk and fluid raw milk products to consumers under certain circumstances.

MN HB2814

Modifies provisions relating to the selling of raw milk, raw milk products, or cream

MN HB2846

Modifies provisions relating to the selling of raw milk, raw milk products, or cream

MN SB395

Modifies provisions relating to the sale of raw milk

MN SF2458

Omnibus Agriculture, Broadband and Rural Development policy and appropriations

MN S920

Permits sale of raw milk under certain conditions and establishes raw milk permit program.

MN A4997

Permits sale of raw milk under certain conditions and establishes raw milk permit program.

MN SF5073

Omnibus Agriculture, Broadband, and Rural Development policy and supplemental appropriations

MN HB5218

Food: milk; sale of raw milk and raw milk products under the manufacturing milk law of 2001; allow. Amends secs. 111 & 136 of 2001 PA 267 (MCL 288.671 & 288.696) & adds sec. 70a. TIE BAR WITH: HB 5217'25, HB 5219'25

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