US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB4441

Introduced
 
Introduced
4/29/26  

Caption

CREATE AI Act

Summary

The CREATE AI Act would direct the National Science Foundation to establish a National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource (NAIRR) within one year of enactment. The NAIRR is intended to expand access for U.S. researchers, educators, and students to computing power, data, software, models, testbeds, and educational materials needed for artificial intelligence research and for research that uses AI. The bill frames the NAIRR as a national platform to help advance AI innovation and to build AI skills in the U.S. workforce. The bill creates a governance structure centered at NSF, including a Program Management Office within NSF’s Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure. That office would develop the NAIRR budget, coordinate contributions from federal agencies, state governments, and private or nonprofit entities, and may delegate operational tasks to nongovernmental organizations through a competitive and transparent process. NSF would also publish annual public reports on the NAIRR’s progress and summaries of available resources. The bill sets eligibility rules for access. Eligible users generally include U.S.-based researchers, educators, and students affiliated with qualifying institutions such as universities, nonprofits, federal agencies, federally funded research and development centers, certain small businesses, and consortia of those entities. It also allows additional eligibility determinations by NSF and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. The bill excludes users employed by, or acting on behalf of, certain foreign countries identified in federal law, and requires NSF to enforce those restrictions. The bill also addresses research security, open-source software, and fees. It requires compliance with National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 and related research security guidance, encourages software developed for or with NAIRR resources to be open source, and allows NSF to create a fee schedule with a free tier and cost-based charges in some cases. Fees collected may be retained and used without further appropriation for NAIRR purposes. The bill also establishes an advisory committee to review advanced cyberinfrastructure activities, including NAIRR management, and exempts that committee from the Federal Advisory Committee Act. Overall, the bill appears aimed at broadening access to AI research infrastructure while maintaining federal oversight and security controls. Because there are no recorded votes or committee transcripts in the provided context, there is no documented public sentiment or controversy in the record here; however, the structure of the bill suggests likely policy interest in balancing open access and innovation against research security, foreign access restrictions, and fee-setting authority.

Impact

The bill would amend the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 by adding a new title establishing the NAIRR and setting out its governance, eligibility, security, and funding rules. It would give NSF new responsibilities to create and oversee the resource, coordinate contributions from multiple sectors, publish reports, and manage access policies. It would also authorize retention and use of access fees for NAIRR operations and add a new advisory committee structure, while making conforming changes to the statutory table of contents.

Sentiment

No committee transcripts or votes were provided, so there is no recorded legislative debate or vote-based sentiment to summarize. Based on the bill text alone, the measure appears broadly pro-innovation and pro-research, with bipartisan sponsorship suggesting support for expanding AI research capacity. The bill also reflects a cautious, security-conscious approach through eligibility limits, foreign-country exclusions, and research security requirements.

Contention

The main potential points of contention are likely to be access, security, and governance. Some stakeholders may favor broad, low-cost access for universities, students, and small businesses, while others may question the bill’s fee authority, the use of nongovernmental operators, or the scope of NSF and OSTP discretion in determining eligibility. Research security and foreign-access restrictions may also draw scrutiny from those concerned about overbroad exclusions or from those seeking stronger safeguards.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

US HB2385

CREATE AI Act of 2025 Creating Resources for Every American To Experiment with Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025

US HB8516

American Leadership in AI Act

US HB7158

Expanding AI Voices Act Expanding AI Voices through Capacity Building Act

US HB7968

Small AI Innovators Empowerment Act

US SB3809

AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026

US HB6275

China AI Power Report Act

US HB7434

AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026

US HB5045

HEALTH AI Act Healthcare Enhancement And Learning Through Harnessing Artificial Intelligence Act

US HB5351

NSF AI Education Act of 2025

US HB7826

HBCU AI Research Leadership Act

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