US Federal House Bill HB9049

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

• Committee Review: 5/29/26

Caption

SHINE Act

Summary

HB9049, the SHINE Act, amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to require political committees to file separate, timely reports for certain large contributions received shortly before an election. Specifically, a committee other than a political party committee must notify the Federal Election Commission in writing of any contribution of $1,000 or more received after the 20th day but more than 48 hours before an election, if the committee is also making contributions, expenditures, independent expenditures, or electioneering communications on behalf of or in opposition to a candidate or political party in that election. The bill is aimed at increasing transparency around late-arriving money in election-related activity. It also directs the FEC to issue implementing regulations within 90 days of enactment, while making the new reporting requirement effective for elections occurring after a 48-hour period beginning on enactment, even if regulations are not yet finalized.

Impact

If enacted, the bill would amend federal campaign finance disclosure rules under the Federal Election Campaign Act by adding a new reporting obligation for political committees that receive qualifying contributions close to an election. It would affect non-party political committees engaged in candidate- or party-related spending, and would require the Federal Election Commission to update its regulations accordingly. The practical effect would be more immediate disclosure of large late contributions and greater public visibility into election spending sources.

Sentiment

The bill’s framing and title suggest a pro-transparency, anti-dark-money purpose, and the available context shows no recorded opposition, committee debate, or vote history. Based on the text alone, the measure appears designed to appeal to supporters of campaign finance disclosure and election integrity. Because there are no transcripts or votes provided, there is no documented legislative sentiment beyond the bill’s stated purpose.

Contention

The main policy issue is whether the new disclosure threshold and timing requirements are necessary and appropriately targeted. Supporters would likely emphasize transparency, accountability, and preventing hidden interests from influencing elections close to Election Day. Potential critics could argue that the bill adds compliance burdens for political committees, may capture legitimate fundraising activity, or could be seen as another campaign finance regulation affecting speech and association. No specific objections are documented in the provided materials.