Transcript Highlights:

• also be paid at the same lower rate wage?
• to the federal minimum wage.
• Florida voters, myself included, chose to raise the minimum wage. wage because fair pay really matters
• Employers shall pay employees wages no less than the minimum wage for all hours worked in Florida.
• And I'll end with this: when we talk about minimum wage, minimum wage is also tied to dignity as people

Transcript Highlights:

• This committee has a stake in discussions about things that could increase that cost.
• We see things that move through Labor and Industry that increase the cost.
• 2015—a 7% increase in only 10 years.
• On line 1.14, we've got that LIUNA brought this forward to meet their intent that wage theft was not
• This applies to creating wage theft prevention plans, and this was the intent of the stakeholders.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:18:51.560><c> theft</c> programs, and then wage theft programs, and then wage theft investigations
• It captures a lot of labor items like prevailing wage requirements.
• Thank you very much. labor uh items like prevailing wage labor uh items like prevailing wage requirements
• Commissioner Brown. the proposal that they're increasing I the proposal that they're increasing I believe
• We've also seen increased individuals.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• work, all individuals performing finishing work are covered workers for the purposes of prevailing wage
• engaged to perform the covered finishing work are covered employees for the purposes of prevailing wage
• engaged to perform the covered finishing work are covered employees for the purposes of prevailing wage
• kratom material, alkaloids, or any other plant materials that have been isolated or manipulated to increase

Bills: SB6290, SB6282, SB5379, SB6197, SB6158, SB6302, SB5882, SB6303, SB6180, SB6195, SB6196, SB6204, SB6287

Keywords: liquor regulation, cannabis board, reorganization, state agency, governance, apprenticeship, behavioral health, construction trades, workforce training, wellness, interest arbitration, parks and recreation, public employees, labor relations, employee rights, SB 6197, plumbing contractor, plumber, contractor licensing, licensing enforcement

Transcript Highlights:

• the supply of housing. to increase the supply of housing.
• c> health</c><00:19:22.800><c> risks,</c> The result is increased health risks, The result is increased
• I'll also note that, you know, on average they've increased rents at 38%.
• </c><00:43:09.120><c> They've</c><00:43:09.360><c> ramped</c> increased rents at 38%.
• They've ramped increased rents at 38%.

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Professional salary increases.
• So that's a significant increase. A weighted student cost increase.
• But there's a 10.38% increase in city taxes, a 10.7% increase in counties, and a 22.23% increase in special
• increase.
• It can go to things like raising our teacher wages, and it can also support increasing the amount of

Bills: SB1, SB 1

Keywords: appropriations, budget, state funding, education, healthcare, infrastructure, campground safety, youth camp regulations, flood safety, emergency evacuation, health and safety standards, 1185, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• opposition to Medicare privatization and requests that the government take action when we're trying to increase
• President, this requires public works contracts to adjust minimum hourly wages annually based on the
• latest prevailing wage.

Keywords: 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• housing supply, and then also increases the valuation of buildings within a community.
• housing Supply and then also increases the<00:02:59.319><c> valuation</c><00:03:00.159><c> of</c><00
• housing supply, increase the value of our downtown buildings and the downtown tax base, and increase
• </c><00:18:44.880><c> uh</c> that's resulting in in a tax increase uh that's resulting in in a tax increase
• </c><00:26:51.200><c> the</c> city uh and in truth as we increase the city uh and in truth as we increase

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• That's a 1,900% increase.
• That's a 98.5% increase from January 1st Texas. That's a 98.5% increase from January 1st of 2020.
• But we have not had a staffing increase in 20 years.
• Do you get wage data with it? We do get both of those. We get the quarterly wage data.
• Medical loss ratios must have increased transparency.

Summary: The Senate Committee on Health and Human Services convened to discuss interim charges regarding fraud, waste, and abuse in Texas human services, particularly focusing on Medicaid and childcare programs. The meeting highlighted the importance of preventing misuse of taxpayer funds, with testimony from various stakeholders emphasizing the need for increased oversight and accountability in these programs. Key points included the alarming rise in healthcare fraud in other states, the necessity for Texas to enhance its fraud prevention measures, and the potential financial repercussions of failing to meet federal compliance standards. Several committee members expressed concerns about the impact of fraud on vulnerable populations, particularly those relying on Medicaid services. Testimonies from experts underscored the effectiveness of Texas's Office of Inspector General (OIG) in combating fraud, yet pointed out existing vulnerabilities, such as inconsistent enforcement and the need for better data sharing among agencies. The discussion also touched on the challenges faced by hospice care providers, with a significant increase in the number of hospices in Texas raising concerns about quality and oversight. The committee heard from various witnesses, including representatives from health plans and advocacy organizations, who provided insights into the complexities of managing Medicaid and the importance of maintaining program integrity. The meeting concluded with a commitment to further explore legislative solutions to enhance oversight and ensure that resources are directed to those in genuine need.

Transcript Highlights:

• increasing increasing pre-engagement<01:03:50.920><c> um</c><01:03:51.359><c> to</c><01:03:51.720><c
• > increase</c><01:03:52.119><c> service</c> pre-engagement um to increase service pre-engagement um to
• You mentioned we've increased salaries for staff for retention.
• You've got our $1.4 million increase. Would you explain that?
• But it is an increased cost. Thank you for your testimony.

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee first reorganized by electing Representative Hart as House co-chair and Senator Douglas as Senate co-chair by acclamation, then approved the December 10 minutes. It then took up deferred and routine contract items, beginning with a Council on Postsecondary Education item that was withdrawn after staff explained the contract had been canceled and should not have come before the committee because the granting authority, not CPE, was issuing it. The committee next reviewed a Department for Local Government contract tied to an Eastern Kentucky flood recovery housing project in Jackson. Members questioned the high per-unit cost and whether renovation was more expensive than new construction. Staff explained the cost included acquisition of an existing downtown building and needed water and sewer infrastructure upgrades, and said developable land was limited in the area. With no motion to object, the contract was allowed to move forward. The committee then considered Kentucky Transportation Cabinet professional services contracts for highway design work. Members asked about the size of the contracts and how much of the available funding is typically used; staff said the contracts are two-year agreements, that the prior cycle reached close to $2 million per contract, and that this year’s limits were reduced because less money is available in the Highway Plan. The committee also approved a PSC amendment contract for the Bridging Kentucky program after staff explained the $150 hourly loaded rate was within the normal range for consultants. Both Transportation Cabinet items were approved without objection. Finally, the committee heard a Kentucky Communications Network Authority contract for an $85,000 study of the dark fiber market. Members asked what dark fiber is, why the study was needed, whether there was coordination with the Office of Broadband Development, and whether existing service meant there was already a market. KCNA said dark fiber is unused fiber that local providers can light to deliver service, that the study was needed because the contractor said no market existed while ISPs said demand exists, and that the report would help both KCNA oversight and broadband development planning. The contract was reviewed without objection.

Transcript Highlights:

• So the wage and employment records would be subject to the discretion of the wage of the employers.
• So wage and employment first section.
• </c> be subject to the discretion of the wage be subject to the discretion of the wage of<00:19:37.679
• ><c> records,</c><00:19:47.679><c> we</c> need wage and employment records, we need wage and employment
• So across sectors we know that the use of these clauses is increasing.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The Arizona Dental Hygienists Association works to increase access to oral health care for all Arizonans
• SB 1722, one prevailing wage contracts agreements. Government.
• SB 1766, inmate labor wages. Government. SB 1767, DOC director educational programs. Public safety.
• SCR 1041, reporting teacher salary increases. Education.
• tribal precincts, a rejection rate five times higher than non-tribal precincts, and a 401% relative increase

Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, attendance, and several guest introductions recognizing Arizona Dental Hygienists Association visitors, deaf and hard of hearing advocacy groups, Arizona Society of Anesthesiologists members, the Doctor of the Day, tribal voting advocates, and other guests. Members also observed a moment of silence for two DPS officers killed earlier that morning. The chamber then received a long list of bills and resolutions for first reading and committee referral, covering elections, education, public safety, health, tribal affairs, housing, agriculture, and other topics. The main floor action was in Committee of the Whole on SB 1425, an elections bill dealing with the July primary and related election procedures. The bill was amended in committee, then further amended on the floor, and the Committee of the Whole recommended it do pass as amended. During third reading, members spoke in support of the measure as a bipartisan election fix that would move the primary up two weeks, improve ballot timing, and require observers in every county. Senator Hatathlie highlighted persistent tribal voting barriers such as mail ballot issues, dual-addressing problems, ID access, funding shortages, misinformation, and polling-place disruptions, while Senator Gonzalez voted no because of the emergency clause. The bill passed 27-1 with two not voting and was transmitted to the House. The Senate also adopted two proclamations: one naming September 4, 2026, as Taekwondo Day in Arizona and another declaring February 2026 as American Heart Month, encouraging CPR and AED awareness. After a recess, the Senate returned briefly to introduce additional bills, refer SB 1315 to Public Safety and SB 1090 to Finance, announce upcoming committee meetings, and then adjourn until Monday, February 9, 2026.

Transcript Highlights:

• We increased that per-pupil amount a little high in the second biennium, which is currently happening
• This could have had levy impacts for districts, but in the bill, Section Three increases the equalizing
• factor from 123.5%... ...percent to 127 percent and puts all of that increase into state aid.
• Today, because of her tenure, my mother finally makes a living wage.
• My siblings and I had to rely on reduced-price school lunch because she did not get a living wage while

Bills: HF1049

Keywords: school library aid, education finance, school districts, charter schools, funding eligibility

Transcript Highlights:

• So please, all we ask is to be licensed to increase access to care, affordable access to care.
• So please, all we ask is to be licensed to increase access to care, affordable access to care.
• Passing this bill will decrease dental hygiene burnout and increase job satisfaction.
• Passing this bill will decrease dental hygiene burnout and increased job satisfaction.
• Income increase without an extra load to the state budget. Thank you.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The committee opened a hearing of the Joint Committee on Consumer Protection and Professional Licensure focused on health care and human services, reviewed testimony logistics, and then heard a long series of witnesses on several bills. Much of the testimony centered on interstate licensure compacts for dentistry, social work, and occupational therapy, with supporters arguing these compacts would improve workforce mobility, continuity of care, and access while preserving state oversight and public protection. Dental witnesses were split on H.455/S.257, with supporters backing the AADB dental compact for its hands-on exam, background checks, and disciplinary safeguards, while opponents argued a competing compact would better promote portability and avoid conflicts tied to proprietary testing and outside commissions. Social work witnesses strongly supported H.380/S.252, emphasizing continuity of care for clients who move across state lines, reduced costs and delays for practitioners, and the compact’s public-protection features; occupational therapy witnesses similarly supported H.427/S.256, citing access, telehealth, military families, and maintained standards. The committee also heard testimony on S.242, which would expand licensure for lactation care providers. Supporters, including lactation counselors and health center staff, said adding certified lactation counselors and related credentials would expand access, improve breastfeeding support, and allow reimbursement for services now often provided without billing. They described the training required and said the bill would help families, especially in underserved communities. Representative James O’Day also testified in support of the social work compact, and a Council of State Governments witness provided background on compact mechanics and state participation. Another major topic was H.419/S.214 on medical debt. Physicians and researchers testified that cancer patients experience long-lasting medical debt and collections burdens, and they supported limits on the sale and collection of medical debt, bans on reporting it to credit bureaus, and related consumer protections. The hearing also included H.465 on a pathway to special licensure for certain long-term limited-registration dentists serving MassHealth patients, which Representative Senna supported as a way to allow immigrant dentists to practice independently. Finally, the committee heard sharply divided testimony on H.444/S.284, which would allow trained dental hygienists to administer Botox and dermal fillers: supporters framed it as a safe, preventive, and access-expanding tool for TMJ, bruxism, and pain management, while dermatologists opposed it as outside hygienists’ training and a patient-safety risk. No votes or formal actions were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• from increased sports betting.
• Members, this bill increases the fee a lender may charge for an origination fee, changing it from $50
• Members, this bill increases the fee a lender may charge for an origination fee, changing it from $50
• Members, this is dealing with the pay, increasing the pay for parish board commissioners.
• Future wages or earnings of a spouse set forth in an employment contract executed during the community

Bills: SR113, SR114, SCR64, SCR65, SCR66, SCR67, SCR12, HB59, HB66, HB79, HB153, HB165, HB326, HB387, HB455, HB513, HB660, HB719, HB762, HB802, HB816, HB833, HB895, HB950, HB975, HB1011, HB1028, HB1039, HB1051, HB1053, HB1057, HB1080, HB1084, HB1155, HB1215, HB1224, HB1228, HB1234, HB1251, HB1252, HB1254, HB1256, HB221, HCR11, HCR27, HCR28, HCR32, HCR49, HCR50, HCR60, HCR64, HCR66, HCR67, HCR68, HCR78, HCR81, HCR58, SB25, SB250, SB348, SB444, SB485, HB22, HB28, HB33, HB41, HB47, HB87, HB115, HB162, HB195, HB214, HB217, HB233, HB283, HB290, HB316, HB319, HB324, HB345, HB362, HB363, HB368, HB377, HB380, HB382, HB386, HB392, HB406, HB431, HB441, HB466, HB503, HB511, HB514, HB533, HB559, HB575, HB590, HB593, HB618, HB636, HB655, HB664, HB685, HB692, HB707, HB715, HB732, HB738, HB741, HB748, HB776, HB807, HB822, HB856, HB860, HB868, HB887, HB888, HB896, HB905, HB908, HB961, HB980, HB990, HB992, HB999, HB1000, HB1010, HB1146, HB1157, HB1233, HB1236, HB1243, SB29, SB30, SB32, SB41, SB42, SB43, SB47, SB84, SB93, SB113, SB192, SB199, SB219, SB220, SB221, SB222, SB241, SB253, SB255, SB289, SB292, SB306, SB314, SB351, SB399, SB404, SB424, SCR9, SB132, SB35, SB65, SB135, SB215, SB246, SB249, SB269, SB282, SB296, SB323, SB363, SB369, SB474, SB490, SB492, SB500, HCR26, HCR45, HCR31, HB238, HB241, HB242, HB250, HB260, HB265, HB275, HB300, HB320, HB338, HB339, HB349, HB379, HB399, HB427, HB463, HB464, HB468, HB545, HB550, HB551, HB565, HB588, HB639, HB725, HB805, HB808, HB834, HB847, HB853, HB858, HB861, HB883, HB916, HB937, HB1012, HB1027, HB1044, HB1054, HB1091, HB1117, HB90, HB127, HB138, HB150, HB201, HB268, HB273, HB285, HB315, HB354, HB355, HB360, HB376, HB445, HB506, HB606, HB649, HB665, HB681, HB721, HB746, HB757, HB781, HB835, HB844, HB857, HB872, HB886, HB889, HB892, HB982, HB987, HB1037, HB1068, HB1072, HB1078, HB1085, HB1132, HB1137, HB1167, HB1174, HB1232, HB1238, HB23, HB136, HB17, HB21, HB51, HB55, HB74, HB106, HB108, HB133, HB140, HB159, HB168, HB215, HB226, HB263, HB296, HB299, HB322, HB364, HB519, HB535, HB538, HB568, HB571, HB622, HB635, HB676, HB772, HB784, HB1006, HB1018, HB1043, HB1070, HB1134, HB1237, HB1239, HB62, HB193, HB203, HB210, HB220, HB228, HB246, HB420, HB475, HB486, HB574, HB584, HB750, HB813, HB815, HB826, HB870, HB949, HB953, HB1045, HB1092, HB1151, HB1162, HB1176, HB1177, HB1196, HB1214, HB1241, HB36, HB73, HB119, HB126, HB129, HB166, HB211, HB245, HB271, HB280, HB337, HB351, HB677, HB712, HB723, HB726, HB728, HB759

Keywords: condolence resolution, memorial resolution, sympathy, tribute, Martha Elizabeth Odom, Louisiana Senate, bereavement, obituary, student recognition, ballet, dance, softball, soccer, tennis, creative writing, theater, high school honors, Ascension Episcopal School, University of the South, Sewanee

Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum present and opened with the introduction of guest pastor Dr. Jeff Williams, who delivered the invocation before members recited the pledge and approved the journal without objection. The chamber then handled a series of communications from the House, including notice of House action on numerous Senate bills and joint resolutions, and introduced several Senate resolutions and a concurrent resolution, many of which were laid over. One resolution to recognize Jewish American Heritage Month drew objection to suspension of the rules, while SCR 64, creating a task force on construction management at risk, was amended to add the Louisiana Police Jury Association president or designee and then adopted 34-0. SCR 66 designating Anti-Hunger Day and SCR 67 honoring Chef John Folse were also adopted unanimously. The Senate also heard personal privilege remarks recognizing Southwest Louisiana Day at the Capitol, honoring the late John Gillespie, and designating a Day Without Child Care at the Capitol through SR 115. The chamber then considered a large number of House bills and House concurrent resolutions on second reading, mostly referring them to committees or ordering them to the Legislative Bureau. Among the measures advanced from committee were bills on veterans’ employment at schools, anti-cancer medication coverage, domestic abuse arrest holding periods, food safety, state finances, vaccination status and public buildings, construction code commission purpose, elected official compensation, clinical trial competitiveness, law enforcement records, sexual assault nurse examiner oversight, human remains documentation, wildlife disposition, and several local or tax-related measures. HCR 11 supporting the Louisiana National Guard at Camp Beauregard was concurred in 135-0. The Senate also received committee reports on multiple House bills, with several reported favorably or with amendments. On final passage, the Senate approved a series of bills, including SB 135 on sports wagering revenue allocation, which passed 32-2 after debate over shifting more funding to early childhood education and capping the sports fund allocation. Other bills passed included HB 238 on ethics exceptions for former school board members, HB 241 on bank records definitions, HB 242 allowing a St. Tammany Parish constable to appoint a deputy, HB 250 on financial disclosure for board members, HB 260 on complimentary transportation for legislators, HB 265 expanding video voyeurism offenses with a funeral-service exemption amendment, HB 275 increasing penalties for domestic violence committed in the presence of a child, HB 300 raising the appraisal threshold for certain residential loans, HB 320 creating a crime of unlawful exposure by an inmate, HB 338 extending the Office of Financial Institutions sunset, HB 339 expanding privacy protections for law enforcement officers and administrative law judges, HB 349 expanding the Imported Seafood Safety Fund’s uses, HB 379 allowing certain 17-year-old students to serve as poll commissioners, HB 427 revising online minor-protection language after a debated amendment restoring an opt-out, HB 463 raising emergency communication service charges under voter approval and hearing requirements, HB 464 requiring utility damage notices to go to the Regional Notification Center, and HB 468 regulating wholesaling of residential real property. Most of these measures passed unanimously or by wide margins, with several motions to reconsider laid on the table after passage.

Transcript Highlights:

• Yet, we struggle even to meet the minimum wage.
• Yet, we struggle even to meet the minimum wage.
• Proposed policies increase child poverty and administrative burdens on families and children.
• It increases educational attainment, both secondary and post-secondary, increases employment and earnings
• , increases assets, savings, and social support.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We also know that two of the biggest drivers of electricity utility rate increases are investments made
• So a little bit of progress and stabilization, but we know that has followed significant rate increases
• So while we are addressing the current measures that have contributed to previous rate increases, we're
• Out-of-state wind increases by six.
• The projects aren't there, the bill credits aren't there, the prevailing wage jobs aren't there.

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Utilities and Energy held an oversight hearing with leaders from the CPUC, Public Advocates Office, CAISO, the Office of Energy Infrastructure Safety, and the Energy Commission. Chair Petrie-Norris framed the hearing around high utility bills, wildfire risk, grid reliability, clean energy buildout, and the state’s long-term decarbonization goals, and also noted it was CPUC President Alice Reynolds’ final week at the commission. Each agency gave an update on its role: the CPUC described efforts to reduce rate increases while maintaining reliability and clean energy procurement; the Public Advocates Office focused on affordability and the need to control underlying utility costs; CAISO discussed transmission planning, market operations, and the upcoming extended day-ahead market; Energy Safety reviewed wildfire mitigation oversight and inspections; and the Energy Commission highlighted clean energy growth, EV adoption, storage, efficiency, and gasoline price monitoring. A major theme was affordability versus the costs of the clean energy transition. Reynolds said the CPUC has lowered utility revenue requests, reduced utility returns, adopted a base services charge, and reworked net metering, while also continuing to manage wildfire-related costs and support resource adequacy and demand flexibility. Sarazawa argued that recent rate decreases may not be durable because billions of dollars in wildfire and other utility costs are still pending or unbilled, and she urged tighter use of general rate cases, lower-cost financing, program reform, and more equitable rate design. Members pressed the agencies on whether state policy is sufficiently accounting for labor, local economic development, and the cost impacts of transmission and procurement decisions, especially where out-of-state resources are being considered. CAISO and the Energy Commission emphasized that the state’s planning and market reforms are helping lower costs and improve reliability. CAISO said the Western Energy Imbalance Market has produced billions in benefits, the extended day-ahead market is on track to launch, and transmission planning is being aligned with long-term resource needs while reducing queue delays. The Energy Commission said California is now getting roughly two-thirds of its power from clean sources, has added massive amounts of storage and renewables, and is seeing strong EV and charger growth that can help spread fixed grid costs. Energy Safety reported thousands of inspections, hundreds of notices of non-performance, and a decline in reportable ignitions, while noting that major fires show more work is needed. Members also raised concerns about the SB 100 report delay, memo and balancing accounts, the future of battery storage, and whether decarbonization zone pilots will affect residential and commercial customers.

Transcript Highlights:

• The research shows, and I have the data, that payday lending leads to increased likelihood of missed
• rent and utility payments, less food in the home, higher rates of bankruptcy, and increased reliance
• We do not take you to collections, garnish wages, or take you to court.
• You'll increase up to what your limit is if that's how much you're asking for.
• We don't take people to collections, we don't garnish wages, and we don't take them to court.

Summary: The House Business Committee first approved several sets of meeting minutes, then heard House Bill 707, which would create a simple administrative land division process for properties with properly permitted accessory dwelling units when a lender requires parcel separation for financing. Supporters said it would remove a financing barrier without increasing density or enabling serial lot splitting, and the bill passed unanimously with a due pass recommendation. The committee then took up House Bill 800, a housing measure to reduce barriers for manufactured homes. The bill would allow manufactured duplexes to be treated as multifamily housing and clarify that certain single-section and multi-section manufactured homes may be placed on appropriate lots, while preserving local control through zoning, design standards, historic districts, and private covenants. Testimony was split between supporters who described modern manufactured homes as high-quality, affordable housing and an opponent who urged more attention to 3D-printed homes and raised safety concerns. After debate, the committee voted 11-6 to send the bill to the floor with a due pass recommendation. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 649, which would cap interest and fees on payday and title loans at 30% or 10% above prime, whichever is higher. The sponsor and supporters argued the bill would curb predatory lending and protect vulnerable borrowers, while industry representatives warned that rate caps would eliminate legal credit options and push consumers toward illegal offshore lenders. Members questioned how the cap would affect existing payday loan practices and whether the bill’s math would effectively end the industry. The committee initially moved toward a due pass recommendation, but after further discussion withdrew that motion and instead sent the bill to general orders for further consideration.

Transcript Highlights:

• But we're pushing out the increase in the credits an additional year, so it doesn't The increase in the
• Chair, can you tell me the average wage of these jobs?
• The average wage of these jobs, or just a general idea, would probably be better.
• The amounts for this rural health tax credit have not been increased since it was created.
• or retaining... ...an effective way for increasing or retaining our workforce.

Bills: HB248, HB309, HB332, SB48

Keywords: general obligation bonds, GO bonds, capital projects, bond election, property tax levy, state debt, state finance, capital outlay, senior centers, senior citizen facilities, aging services, long-term services, libraries, library acquisitions, broadband for libraries, higher education, university capital projects, community colleges, tribal schools, special schools

Transcript Highlights:

• You can see non-metro counties, 7% average increase; metro counties, 8.2% average increase.
• That 7.6% average increase is the largest countywide increase in the last 25 years.
• That 7.6% average increase is the largest countywide increase in the last 25 years.
• That 7.6% average increase is the largest countywide increase in the last 25 years.
• </c> increases that have happened since 2022. increases that have happened since 2022.

Bills: HF3396

Keywords: property tax, task force, assessment, state revenue, local government, 1183, house