Video & Transcript Research : 'chapter 91'

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FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • 415, 419, 493, 493A, 493A, 493A, 498, 498, 639A, 670A, 670B, and 788A, for the Senate. 60, 64, 68, 91
Summary: The Conference Committee on State Administration, Budget, and Agriculture, Environment, and General Government Appropriations met to resolve outstanding differences between the House and Senate on the budget, proviso, back of the bill, projects, and implementing bill. Senator Brodeur presented the Senate’s remaining offers, and the House responded by agreeing to many items while specifying numerous lines to be “bumped” for further consideration. The committee also agreed to bump the conforming bills HB 5203E, HB 5207E, and SB 2508E in their entirety. The House and Senate then confirmed the lists of lines to be bumped on the budget, proviso, and implementing bill offers, indicating that the remaining disputed items would move to the next level. After the Senate concurred with the House’s proposed bumps, the chair noted that the committee’s work was complete. A motion was made and adopted to allow staff to make technical conforming adjustments related to the bump process. There was no public comment. Representative Hodgers moved to adjourn, and the committee adjourned.
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

House of Representatives May 27th, 2026

Louisiana House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Clerk will close the machine: 91 yeas, 0 nays, and the resolution has been adopted.
  • Clerk will close the machine, 91, 92, yay, zero and a bill finally passed. So, Mr.
  • Clerk will close the machine. 91 yeas, 4 nays, and the bill finally passed.
  • The clerk will close the machine. 91 yeas, and the amendments have concurred in. Madam Clerk.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Legislative Administration (02/25/2026)

Legislative Administration

Transcript Highlights:
  • >> 91. The vote is 9 to 1 for ITL on House Bill 1359. Oh, yeah.
  • >> 91.<01:45:40.320> with<01:45:40.480> nine<01:45:40.800> the<01:45:41.040
  • 41.199> being<01:45:41.520> 9<01:45:41.920> to1<01:45:42.480> for >> 91
  • . with nine the vote being 9 to1 for >> 91. with nine the vote being 9 to1 for ITL<01:45:43.360
Keywords: 1189, house, all
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • Chair votes aye on STR 91 / SR 74, urging the legislature to advance legislation and support policies
  • <00:59:42.480> on<00:59:42.720> STR<00:59:43.280> 91 adopted.
  • Thank you members. on STR 91 adopted.
  • Thank you members. on STR 91 and<00:59:44.359> SR74,<00:59:45.440> urging<00:59:45.680>
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The joint committees heard House Bill 643, House Draft 2, which would create short-term management initiatives and appropriate funds for the coconut rhinoceros beetle response program. Testimony was overwhelmingly supportive. Committee discussion focused on biocontrol efforts, including fungus and virus-based treatments, the need for a biosecure facility, and the timeline for testing and range studies. Department of Agriculture officials said initial testing is underway at the University of Hawaii, but full testing requires a higher-biosafety facility that is not yet available on island. Members also discussed funding levels, the possibility of a mobile facility, and whether the work could be accelerated. The committees later voted to pass HB 643 unamended. The committees also heard House Bill 736, House Draft 1, which would establish a three-year wastewater system and individual wastewater technology testing pilot program at the University of Hawaii Water Resources Research Center. Supporters said the bill could help certify new, lower-cost decentralized wastewater technologies and reduce the cost of cesspool upgrades while improving water quality. University of Hawaii witnesses explained that the center would test technologies, collect samples, analyze results, and provide reports to the Department of Health for certification. Members raised concerns about whether the program would help communities facing immediate wastewater issues, the length of the testing timeline, and whether technologies like the Genki ball could be included. The committee was told the pilot would likely test one technology at a time over about nine months each, though multiple tests could run in parallel later. The committees voted to pass HB 736 unamended. After those measures, the joint committee moved to an AEN-only agenda and began hearing STR 111 / SR 92, which declares a public health emergency relating to climate change and calls for statewide coordination on cross-sector solutions. Testimony in support came from the Department of Agriculture, Hawaii Public Health Institute, and others. Supporters said climate change affects public health through heat, wildfire risk, invasive mosquitoes, and other impacts, and argued that the response should involve agriculture, planning, transportation, and emergency management, not just the Department of Health.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • emergency medical centers, and ambulatory surgical centers required by Texas Health and Safety Code Chapter
  • My suggestion would come to Chapter 574.
  • Chapter 573 of the Texas Health and Safety Code mandates that a peace officer shall...
  • Chapter 573 of the Texas Health and Safety Code mandates that a peace officer shall immediately transport
  • services, and so we have both an internal and external evaluator team, and what we found here is that 91%
Keywords: 1185, senate, all
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Ways and Means Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:30 am

Joint Committee on Ways and Means

Transcript Highlights:
  • Many of my constituents make the commute along the I-91 corridor quite regularly.
  • As part of the Chapter 90 bond bill the governor filed last month, the administration seeks $200 million
  • year 26 budget, that was stipulated in the fiscal year 26 budget, section 12, section one of 23B, chapter
  • I've also seen the Commission absorb new responsibilities under Chapter 180, undertake new initiatives
  • The Commission previously absorbed new responsibilities under Chapter 180, including the review of host
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Ways and Means held a public FY27 budget hearing at Barnstable Town Hall, with opening remarks emphasizing the Cape and Islands’ seasonal infrastructure, housing, transportation, workforce, and digital needs. The hearing began with testimony from the Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development, which outlined the Healey-Driscoll administration’s budget priorities for job training, apprenticeship, youth employment, reentry programs, and unemployment insurance modernization. The secretary highlighted proposed funding for the Workforce Competitiveness Trust Fund, Career Technical Initiative, YouthWorks, reentry workforce development, and services for young adults with disabilities, along with a proposal to streamline youth work permits. Members also discussed the unemployment trust fund, the COVID assessment on employers, rising unemployment, and the need to improve DUA customer service and claims processing. Committee members asked about job seeker barriers such as child care, housing, transportation, and out-migration of young workers, as well as how to keep Cape Cod graduates and seasonal workers in the region. The administration said its strategy is to pair training with broader affordability investments and to expose students to career pathways earlier, including through middle school, early childhood STEM, YouthWorks, pre-apprenticeships, and Building Pathways. Senators and representatives also raised concerns about regional funding disparities, especially for Hampshire Franklin MassHire, and the administration said it is reviewing MassHire funding and service equity through a policy committee and statewide workforce board. On unemployment assistance, officials reported major improvements in wait times and claims processing, but said they are still working through backlogs and staffing challenges while maintaining program integrity. The committee then heard testimony from the Executive Office of Economic Development. The secretary described House 2 as a fiscally restrained budget with no new taxes or fees, while preserving core programs and using the Mass Leads Act tools to support competitiveness. EOED’s proposal included funding for the Community One Stop for Growth, rural economic development, social enterprise operating grants, regional economic development organizations, the Workforce Investment Trust Fund, Community Workforce Partnerships, Pathmaker, advanced manufacturing training, life sciences, innovation vouchers, AI initiatives, small business assistance, and tourism and live theater support. The Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation also testified on its FY27 request, focusing on consumer protection, licensing, banking, insurance, and public safety regulation. No votes were taken during the hearing.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Education Finance Committee 1/21/25

Education Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • The READ Act line 78 through 91 show those appropriations. in fiscal years 24 and 25 10 million in in
  • 21.599> through 16.87% is the read act line 78 through 16.87% is the read act line 78 through 91
  • <01:05:22.640> show<01:05:23.039> those 91 show those 91 show those Appropriations<01:05
  • forecast fast forecast to the November forecast fast of<01:15:56.639> basically<01:15:57.600> 91
  • of basically 91 of basically 91 91.3<01:16:01.159> um<01:16:02.159> so<01:16:02.360
Keywords: 1183, house
Summary: The Education Finance Committee met on January 21, 2025, for its first hearing of the session and began with organizational business. Members and staff introduced themselves, described their districts and backgrounds, and the chair reviewed committee procedures, including how to request bill hearings, amendment deadlines, and handout deadlines. The committee also heard introductions from nonpartisan and partisan staff, including House Research and House Fiscal Analysis personnel who will support the committee’s work this session. The main substantive item was an overview presentation on the state budget and education finance process. Staff explained how Minnesota’s general fund is forecast twice a year, how the committee should read the budget documents and aid/levy tracking sheets, and how the current biennium compares with the upcoming budget window. They described the November forecast, noted that the committee will later receive the February forecast, and outlined the committee’s role in reviewing K-12 state aid spending, school district revenue, and property tax impacts. Staff walked through the aid appropriation summary spreadsheet and explained its columns, including end-of-session spending, fiscal year 2024-25 actuals and estimates, and the 2026-27 and 2028-29 planning horizons. They emphasized that many education programs are forecast-driven and can change with enrollment and other data. The presentation also summarized the state’s overall revenue mix and spending priorities, noting that K-12 education is the largest general fund category and that state aid makes up the majority of school revenue. No bills were heard and no votes or formal actions were taken.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • through 11, 19 through 25, 33, 55, 63, 67 through 73, 77 through 73, 77 through 79, 83, 83, 87, and 91
Summary: The health care budget conference met to exchange and accept offers on the budget, projects, proviso, back of bill, conforming, and implementing bills. Senator Trumbull presented the Senate’s budget and project offer, and the House accepted the Senate position on several specified budget rows while noting that all other unshaded rows would bump. The committee also agreed to keep all projects open as the conference process continued. On the policy bills, the Senate accepted a large number of House proviso offer rows and also accepted several House back-of-bill rows. The committee stated that all unshaded rows on the proviso and back of bill would bump, and that the conforming and implementing bills would bump in their entirety. Because of the complexity of the row references, the chair and Senator Trumbull noted some difficulty reading the list, but the agreements were recorded. The committee then approved a motion allowing staff to make technical adjustments as needed, with no objection. Members thanked each other and their staff for the work on the conference, and the chair announced that this concluded the year’s health care budget conference. Senator Trumbull moved to adjourn, and the meeting adjourned without objection.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

Hearings to examine navigating Syria policy after Assad. Feb 13th, 2025 at 09:30 am

Foreign Relations Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

The July 2025 Flooding Events, General Investigating Jun 18th, 2026

The July 2025 Flooding Events, General Investigating

Transcript Highlights:
  • The numbers we used in April, you’ll recall, were that there were 91 warnings between the years 2007
  • He suspects that the 91 number that we had included updates, because his numbers are that there have
Keywords: 1184, house, all
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

01/21/2026 - House Judiciary

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • I have examples of 91 times in the last year that they have done this. Thank you.
  • I have examples of 91 times in the last year that they have done this.
Summary: The Judiciary Committee heard a series of bills dealing largely with sexual exploitation, homicide, reproductive issues, child support, venue changes, domestic violence service of process, probation notice, and traffic offenses. HB 2133 would require websites distributing sexual material to verify age and consent for each depicted person, including AI-generated or altered images; it drew opposition from Arizona Attorneys for Criminal Justice over added complexity, and support from survivors and trafficking advocates, and passed 7-1. HB 2043 would expand felony murder to include the death of an unborn child; reproductive rights groups and defense attorneys raised personhood and abortion-related concerns, while prosecutors and victims’ advocates supported it, and it passed 6-2. HB 2144 would allow child support calculations to begin during pregnancy and limit pregnancy-related orders to medical and related expenses; supporters framed it as responsibility and support for pregnant women, while opponents warned about fetal personhood and abortion-related implications, and it passed 6-2.
WA
Transcript Highlights:
  • We had 91% reporting compliance this year, and I'll display the previous year on the slide for comparison
  • Because when we have 91% reporting, the ones that don't report, I'm not aware that there's much of a
Summary: The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Committee met on September 17, 2025, in hybrid format. After roll call, the committee initially lacked a quorum and deferred approval of the July 15 minutes until Representative Berg arrived; the minutes were then adopted. Members also discussed the proposed 2026 JLARC meeting schedule, including possible changes to address crowded July meetings and the annual tax exemption review workload. Staff presented the annual lodging tax expenditures report, noting that 213 municipalities received distributions in 2024, with 91% reporting compliance, $114 million awarded for more than 1,700 activities, and no independent verification of the self-reported data. Several members questioned the value and usefulness of the report, and the executive committee indicated it may recommend removing the statutory reporting requirement. The committee then heard the preliminary performance audit of the Office of Privacy and Data Protection, which found the office meets its statutory responsibilities and has high user satisfaction, but recommended updating the statute to better match the office’s current capacity and focus and improving performance measures to reflect long-term privacy outcomes rather than outputs. Members asked about FERPA and other federal privacy laws, and OPDP staff said they provide general privacy training and consultation but not law-specific training unless requested. The committee adopted the final report on Washington State recreational boating programs without recommendation, after staff reported that boating revenues support both general government and boating activities and that no participating agencies submitted formal comments. Members asked about boater safety education and possible overlap among the six agencies involved; Parks staff said education has reached more than 500,000 boaters and that fatalities and incidents have declined. The committee also reviewed planned study questions for a JLARC review of Labor and Industries’ enforcement of farm worker laws, with members raising scope questions about the term “farm worker” versus “agricultural worker,” and for DNR’s Eastern Washington sustainable harvest calculation, which JLARC will review as DNR completes its recalculation. Finally, staff outlined the 2026 tax preference performance reviews covering seven preferences, and members asked about racial equity, environmental impacts, disclosure of beneficiary savings, and how the reviews will measure effectiveness; the meeting adjourned before noon.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

Hearings to examine big fixes for big tech. Apr 1st, 2025 at 01:30 pm

Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights Subcommittee

Transcript Highlights:
  • Google has 91 percent, according to the court evidence, of the ad server market for publishers. 91 percent
Summary: The meeting, titled 'Big Fixes, Big Tech', marked the first hearing of the Senate antitrust competition policy and consumer rights subcommittee in the 119th Congress. Chairman Lee opened the session focusing on the urgent need for effective solutions regarding anti-competitive behavior among major tech firms like Google and Facebook, highlighting several ongoing court cases regarding monopolistic practices in the digital advertising and search markets. Key discussions included the limitations imposed on small businesses and innovation due to the dominance of these tech giants, with many testimonies advocating for stronger legislative measures, including the America Act. The act aims to disrupt the monopolistic capabilities of these firms and restore competitive integrity in the marketplace, which has suffered under their oppressive market control.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
  • It also saves money—$91 billion by 2050 if we can hit our 20% reduction per capita.
  • It also saves money. 91 billion dollars by 2050. If we can hit our 20% reduction per capita.
Keywords: 919, house, all
Summary: The committee took up House File 748, a bill revising Minnesota’s transportation greenhouse gas and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) impact assessment requirements for trunk highway projects. The chair first moved and adopted the A2 author’s amendment and then the A3 amendment, which was described as adding implementation time and project exemptions when federal dollars are available. The bill author explained that the measure responds to concerns from stakeholders that the current law can force costly mitigation, delay or stop safety and capacity projects, and create uncertainty because key implementation details are still being developed by a technical advisory committee. Testimony was split. County and city engineers, county commissioners, the Minnesota Transportation Alliance, and the Coalition of Greater Minnesota Cities generally supported the bill, arguing that the current requirements can add 20% to 40% or more to project costs, are difficult to administer, and could jeopardize critical safety improvements, congestion relief, and federal funding. They cited examples such as Scott County and Trunk Highway 65, and said VMT mitigation is especially hard to quantify and fund. Opponents, including Move Minnesota and Sierra Club, argued that safety and climate goals are not in conflict, that reducing driving can save lives and reduce pollution, and that the bill would weaken an important tool for cutting transportation emissions. Members also asked about how GHG and VMT are measured, whether the required assessment was ready, and who would be responsible for mitigation assets and costs. After discussion, the committee held a roll call vote. The bill, as amended, passed 8-7 and was moved to the General Register.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Health Committee Jun 30th, 2026

Health

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tim Madden, representing the California chapter of the American College of Cardiology, in strong support
  • Tim Madden, representing the California chapter of the American College of Cardiology, in strong support
  • bill shows that this bill will lead to an offset of premiums of about $90 million and save between $91
  • Tim Hadden represented the California Rheumatology Alliance, the California Chapter of the American College
  • of Emergency Physicians, and the California Chapter of the American College of Cardiology, all in support
Keywords: 988, house, all
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Health Committee Jun 30th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tim Madden, representing the California chapter of the American College of Cardiology, in strong support
  • Tim Madden, representing the California chapter of the American College of Cardiology, in strong support
  • bill shows that this bill will lead to an offset of premiums of about $90 million and save between $91
  • Tim Hadden, representing the California Rheumatology Alliance, the California Chapter of the American
  • College of Emergency Physicians, and the California Chapter of the American College of Cardiology, all
Summary: The Assembly Health Committee heard several measures, beginning with SB 331 by Sen. Menjivar, which would require large-group health plans to cover hearing aids for children. The author and supporters described the bill as a long-running effort to address a developmental emergency and reduce out-of-pocket costs for families, while opponents were absent. Testimony from parents, advocates, medical experts, and organizations emphasized the importance of early access to hearing aids; committee members voiced strong support, and the bill was moved on a do-pass basis to Appropriations, with several members requesting to be added as coauthors. The committee then heard SB 608, also by Sen. Menjivar, to expand access to condoms in school-based health centers and related settings and to prevent barriers such as ID checks. Supporters, including students and school health advocates, argued the bill would improve sexual health and reduce stigma, while opponents from family and faith groups argued it would undermine parental authority and normalize early sexual activity. The bill was supported by committee members and moved forward on a do-pass basis to Appropriations. Next, SB 971 by Sen. Choi proposed community-based healthy aging partnerships for older adults, with testimony from the California Senior Legislature and supporters from aging and dementia organizations. The measure was described as voluntary and focused on connection, independence, and local collaboration; there was no opposition, and the committee moved it on a do-pass basis to Appropriations. The committee also heard SB 869 by Sen. Weber Pierson, which would require warning icons and statements on chain restaurant menus for beverages with very high added sugar content. Supporters framed it as a transparency and public health measure, while restaurant and beverage industry representatives opposed it unless amended, citing cost and menu-space concerns; the bill was nevertheless moved on a do-pass basis to Appropriations after a roll call vote, with some members voting no and the measure placed on call. The committee also considered SB 950 by Sen. Weber Pierson, aimed at ensuring timely coverage of FDA-approved, medically necessary treatments for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease on commercial plans. Supporters, including the Alzheimer’s Association and a patient advocate, said the bill would reduce delays and barriers to care, while health plan representatives opposed it over step therapy and utilization-management concerns. Members discussed the limited treatment window and the need for early access, and the bill was moved on a do-pass basis to Appropriations. In addition, SB 490 by Sen. Umberg would set timelines for DHCS investigations of unlicensed sober living homes and allow counties to assist if the department cannot act in time; supporters from Anaheim and a patient-brokering survivor described serious abuse and oversight gaps, while county behavioral health representatives opposed the county role as an unfunded and potentially liability-creating burden. After discussion, the bill was also moved on a do-pass basis to Appropriations. Finally, the committee began hearing SB 1037 by Sen. Weber Pierson on health insurance affordability and rate review, with supporters arguing it would tie premium increases more closely to affordability targets and public reporting; the transcript cuts off before the committee completed action on that measure.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

House Housing Finance and Policy Committee 4/2/25

Housing Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • We heard from Maple Grove, 95%; Carver, 93%; Blaine, 91%.
  • It makes it clear that the AG's office has authority to enforce the protections under chapter 515B.
  • 41:11.599> the<00:41:11.839> protections<00:41:12.319> under<00:41:12.960> chapter
  • to enforce the protections under chapter to enforce the protections under chapter 515b.<00:41:14.560
Keywords: 1183, house
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

JDC Public Hearing 02-06-2025

Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • The chair said he would give everyone the statistics on the testimony: 91 in support, two opposed, and
  • definition of seeks medical or law enforcement assistance into the definition section of that part of the chapter
  • that<00:58:06.880> part<00:58:07.000> of<00:58:07.119> the<00:58:07.280> chapter
  • <00:58:08.079> section<00:58:08.520> 712 of that part of the chapter section 712 of
  • that part of the chapter section 712 1215<00:58:11.200> and<00:58:12.200> I'm<00:58:12.280
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The Judiciary Committee heard testimony on several bills. SB 335 would route objections by political party officers to candidate nomination papers through the Office of Elections. The State Election Director testified that his office was not the right venue for party-membership challenges because it could create conflicts and force the Attorney General to represent the chief election officer in court; members discussed whether all objections should instead go directly to Circuit Court, but no action was taken. SB 280 would expand first-degree negligent injury to cover injuries negligently caused by intoxicated drivers. The Public Defender opposed the bill as too harsh and urged either a lower penalty or clearer statutory definitions of “under the influence,” while the Prosecuting Attorney supported it as a needed increase in accountability for drunk drivers who actually injure someone. Committee members raised concerns about overlap with existing offenses, proportionality, and whether the change would increase jury-trial volume; the prosecutor responded that the bill would apply to a smaller subset of cases involving actual injury and would help ensure more serious treatment of those cases. The committee also heard SB 292, establishing Safe Harbor protections for survivors of sexual exploitation who seek medical or law enforcement assistance, with testimony in support from the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, HPD, U Alliance, and others, and no opposition. SB 31, concerning an additional penalty for dog owners whose dogs destroy property on agricultural land, drew only supportive testimony. SB 356 would require restitution in the form of financial support to the minor children of victims killed or disabled by an intoxicated driver; the Public Defender opposed it as better suited to civil court and questioned enforcement after probation, while the Prosecuting Attorney supported it and said courts can issue enforceable restitution orders. Testimony also strongly supported SB 1284, a proposed constitutional amendment prohibiting discrimination based on ethnicity, age, disability, ancestry, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes, with supporters arguing it would strengthen protections in response to current political conditions. No votes or final committee actions were taken in the excerpt.
ND
Transcript Highlights:
  • We then leverage that through 91 financial institutions in the state.
  • So we're facilitating about $10 billion out to the state in agriculture and commercial loans through 91
  • It's not just us; it's us and 91 financial institutions. Were you done? All right. Mr.
Keywords: 908, all
Summary: The committee received a compliance and status update on Industrial Commission programs and the Bank of North Dakota. Staff reviewed appropriations and spending for several Industrial Commission funds and grant programs, including lignite research, oil and gas research, clean sustainable energy, grid resiliency, salt cavern analysis, and the new NDSU research and technology park grant. Members discussed the timing of reimbursements, uncommitted balances, and the structure of the pipeline capacity and enhanced oil recovery funding. The Industrial Commission also reported on its administrative budget, grant management system project, and recent leadership transitions across several agencies. Karen Tyler of the Industrial Commission described active grant rounds and the status of major projects. She said the Clean Sustainable Energy Authority approved three projects in its sixth round, with remaining uncommitted cash and loan capacity still available, though no new funding was appropriated this session. She also said the Oil and Gas Research Council approved six enhanced oil recovery projects and expects additional funding after a federal Department of Energy award replaces one project’s state funding. For grid resiliency grants, she said some projects have been funded, some commitments were returned or reallocated, and some DOE funds remain pending. She also updated the committee on the salt cavern business case study, which replaced an earlier larger development proposal, and on the NDSU research park grant, where the nonmatching portion was paid and the matching portion has moved slowly because the match must be in cash. Ron Ness then gave an extended presentation on enhanced oil recovery and North Dakota oil and gas trends. He said production remains steady, but future growth depends on infrastructure, especially gas takeaway and projects like the Bakken East pipeline. He argued that enhanced oil recovery using CO2, natural gas, surfactants, and other methods could extend Bakken production for decades, but that the state needs more CO2 supply, better storage, and updated tax and regulatory incentives. Members asked about lateral lengths, CO2 availability, pipeline impacts, and the role of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, and Ness emphasized that the projects are intended to share technical learning across operators and attract follow-on investment. The Bank of North Dakota then presented its compliance report and strategic update. President Don Morgan said the bank’s mission remains to support North Dakota agriculture, commerce, and industry while cooperating with the state’s financial sector. He reviewed the bank’s main business lines: participation lending with community institutions, student loans, disaster lending, mission-based programs, and a new fintech-focused effort. Morgan said deposits are flattening, so the bank is managing balance sheet growth carefully, while still reporting improved net income and strong efficiency. He also introduced Rough Rider Coin as a bank-to-bank payment rail, not a public cryptocurrency, intended to speed and modernize payments within North Dakota’s banking and credit union system. Committee members asked about student loan eligibility, disaster program use, and how credit lines and liquidity would be affected if deposits shrink.