Transcript Highlights:

• central organization, and the good news is for Arizona, unlike a lot of states, you already have that entity
• And you have an infrastructure in place, you have an entity in place that plays that centralized function
• and them having to figure out, okay, that needs to go to Mark, that the AI person does that, the AI entity
• queue within Arizona, and not only data centers but semiconductors, advanced manufacturing—all those entities
• We have about eight projects currently going on with about eight different licensing entities that are

Bills: HB2452, HB2592

Keywords: comprehensive plans, county governance, data centers, zoning, state regulations, land use, energy production, infrastructure, environmental impact, artificial intelligence, government regulation, innovation, procurement, administrative burdens, 1182, all

Summary: The House Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Committee heard a presentation from Steven Garrison of the Cicero Institute on how Arizona state government could use AI to improve service delivery, reduce costs, and streamline procurement. He argued that AI should be treated as software deployed across many use cases, not just chatbots, and urged the state to identify opportunities proactively, avoid unnecessary agency-level AI rules, use existing procurement structures, and measure outcomes. Members asked about workforce impacts, agency involvement, privacy, and the balance between innovation and regulation; Garrison said AI would likely augment workers first, create new jobs over time, and should be guided by the legislature rather than broad agency rulemaking. The committee then considered HB 2592, which directs the Department of Administration to have budget units identify AI opportunities and streamline implementation, and an amendment adding reporting requirements to state leaders and the Secretary of State. After limited public testimony, the amendment was adopted and the bill received a due pass recommendation on a 4-2 vote, with one member absent. The committee next took up HB 2452, which would add data centers and small modular reactors to county comprehensive planning and adjust county land-use planning requirements, including changes related to renewable energy planning in larger counties. Supporters said the bill would help counties plan ahead for data center growth and future energy needs, including SMRs and other emerging technologies. County representatives opposed the measure, arguing it improperly singled out specific uses, blurred the line between comprehensive planning and zoning, and reduced local control by altering established public planning processes; they also raised concerns about vague standards and the bill’s treatment of renewable energy. After debate, the committee approved HB 2452 on a 4-3 vote for a due pass recommendation and then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• PFM has some expertise in assisting entities with shared services, and so those are just two examples
• but usually when we reference 100% state, that would be general revenue that the institution or the entity
• usually when we reference 100% state, that would be a general revenue that the institution or the entity
• So are we giving in-state entities any advantages?
• If we’re looking at just the—” “In-state entities, any advantages.

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• information to the Department of Commerce to understand the financial condition of non-insurance entities
• the data call information might be used by the Department of Commerce for task forces and other entities
• Certainly, we Routinely check for 990 status if the entity puts itself out there as a 501(c)(3).
• And so there are different types of entities that receive federal funds, and it really kind of depends
• If an entity is a 501(c)(3), then an up-to-date 990 is absolutely something that we will insist on.

Bills: HF2354, HF1672, HF2389, HF2870, HF2743, HF1918, HF2551, HF1671

Keywords: medical assistance, fraud prevention, subpoena authority, criminal penalties, consumer protection, medical cannabis, medical marijuana, cannabis, cannabinoids, hemp, marijuana registry, patient registry, visiting patient, Tribal cannabis, Tribal medical cannabis program, Tribal sovereignty, Office of Cannabis Management, designated caregiver, home cultivation, adult-use cannabis

Transcript Highlights:

• AB 250 will clarify that the perpetrator of a sexual assault and an entity or entities that covered up
• But for this particular bill amending this particular statute, it's limited to private entities.
• If the administration or Senate Appropriations would like me to add public entities to this bill, I'm
• And to the point that was made, this is amending a code section that currently applies to private entities

Summary: The Assembly Judiciary Committee heard three bills. AB 250 by Majority Leader Aguiar-Curry would extend a limited window for survivors of sexual assault to seek civil recourse against perpetrators and entities that allegedly covered up abuse. The author and supporters, including survivor Maya Alexander and Equal Rights Advocates, said many survivors need years before they can come forward and that the bill would improve accountability and public safety. One member raised concerns about the bill’s application to private employers and the exclusion of public employees, but the bill was advanced on a motion to Appropriations and later placed on call until additional votes were added. AB 373 by Assemblymember Rubio would require appointed counsel for non-minor dependents in extended foster care to represent the young adult’s expressed wishes rather than substitute the attorney’s judgment. Supporters from California Youth Connection and the Children’s Law Center said 18- to 21-year-olds in foster care are legal adults and should have their voices fully respected in court. Members discussed how the bill would work in practice and whether it applied only to appointed counsel; the bill was moved to Human Services and later cleared after additional votes were added. AB 387 by Assemblymember Alanis, as amended, would exempt probation officers from criminal jury service. The author and supporters argued probation officers are deeply involved in the criminal justice process, often get dismissed anyway, and should be focused on supervision and court-related duties rather than jury duty. The Judicial Council opposed the bill, warning that categorical exemptions shrink the jury pool and set a bad precedent. After debate over fairness, precedent, and the role of probation officers, the committee voted the bill out on a do pass motion.

Transcript Highlights:

• the Board of Examiners for Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, in collaboration with other entities
• How the entities deal with this, how they are actually impacted.
• Going to the laws of economics, those entities which at this point are experiencing a crisis, I believe
• bill is House Bill 1098 by Representative McFarland: limitation of liability for aerospace flight entities
• to aerospace flight entities that own and occupy a minimum of 20,000 contiguous acres in the state of

Bills: HR310, HR314, HR316, HR317, HR321, HR275, HR276, HR279, HR282, HR286, HR289, HR292, HR295, HR302, HR319, HCR112, HR307, SCR59, SCR61, SCR62, SCR68, SCR69, SCR70, SCR54, SCR55, SCR64, SCR75, HCR79, HCR104, HB75, HB410, HB719, HB750, HB944, HB1098, HB1220, HB1252, HB359, HB210, HB468, HB1117, SB382, HB368, HB552, HB732, HB870, HB1236, SB29, SB42, SB43, SB149, SB208, SB274, SB300, SB312, SB387, SB389, SB401, HR74, HB998, HB901, HR20, HCR65, HCR71, HCR98, HB284, HB306, HB341, HB366, HB393, HB458, HB577, HB603, HB605, HB614, HB625, HB646, HB733, HB752, HB773, HB798, HB911, HB955, HB996, HB1035, HB1069, HB1113, HB1140, HB1180, HB1191, HB1240, HB1255, SB82, SB89, SB97, SB123, SB237, HB36, HB42, HB74, HB119, HB159, HB258, HB259, HB302, HB414, HB459, HB848, HB956, HB1017, HB1028, HB1095, SB217, SB283, SB469

Keywords: oil and gas, orphan wells, inactive wells, shut-in wells, marginal wells, plugging and abandonment, well decommissioning, site remediation, site restoration, Oilfield Site Restoration, OSR program, financial security, bonding, taxpayer liability, public liability, offshore wells, onshore wells, coastal erosion, Department of Conservation and Energy, natural resources

Transcript Highlights:

• government has a program that they call the Continuum of Care program, and this program has created entities
• homeless policy and resources across the country are these continuums of care, and they are the entities
• Even some of those entities, say, like a Methodist or that serve only children, they could partner with
• Even some of those entities, say, like a Methodist or that serve only children, they could partner with
• Essentially, you've got three government entities that are operating these continuums of care when the

Summary: The committee first approved a motion, then heard a lengthy presentation on homelessness in Arkansas, with a focus on unsheltered homelessness, untreated mental illness and substance use, public safety, and the role of local law enforcement and shelters. Presenters from law enforcement, homeless service providers, mental health, and policy groups discussed federal Continuum of Care funding, the need for better data and accountability, and proposals such as statewide camping enforcement, stronger treatment access, and consolidating or reworking the continuum-of-care structure. Much of the discussion centered on the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) model, with witnesses describing it as a way to expand crisis services, treatment, and coordination with housing and justice systems. They also discussed homelessness among sex offenders, family homelessness, workforce supports, and how to scale successful local programs statewide. No formal action was taken on the homelessness proposals during the discussion. The committee then reviewed several Department of Energy and Department of Health/Board of Nursing rules. The energy rule updated solid waste post-closure cleanup thresholds from $50,000 to $2 million to match Act 791 of 2025. Nursing-related rules added fees for the new dialysis patient care technician registration created by Act 198 of 2025, updated contact-information requirements, implemented APRN authority under Act 862 of 2025, clarified durable medical equipment language under Act 431 of 2025, and incorporated delegation changes from Act 959 of 2025. Additional nursing rules updated certified medication assistant training and duties under Act 265 of 2025, and corrected rules for full independent practice to include clinical nurse specialists under Act 872 of 2023. Each rule was reviewed without objection. At the close of the meeting, members received an update that UAMS had completed its NCII designation submission for the Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute, which was described as a major milestone. The committee then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• It also covers covert entities and third-party agents who receive a presumption against liability in
• That says, hey, if you are one of these entities and you substantially meet these requirements, which
• So if a covered entity complies on paper but not necessarily in practice...
• So a lot of the covered entities will give you a go back to the hospital.
• If you can meet that, there are other standards out there, but for government entities, I mean, NIST

Transcript Highlights:

• the Attorney General released another opinion saying the Charter School Act prohibits for-profit entities
• General released another opinion saying the Charter School Act prohibits for-profit entities from managing
• And as I said, we have external entities Currently, who are just to be clear, because I think Sunny was
• pointing this out in the history, these virtual entities currently are not running schools, charter
• You could essentially say all online needs to be chartered so as a charter entity when you move you..

Keywords: 996, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Division at the Office of Inspector General conducts over a half a million background studies on entities
• DHS, to a certain extent, is a pass-through entity, right? The money comes from taxpayers to DHS.
• Again, the entities that have 90% of the Medicaid funds going to them are taking actions to suspend providers
• action immediately as soon as we have enough information to stop a payment, unless the law enforcement entity
• We are stopping payment percentage-wise; we are stopping payment unless the law enforcement entity says

Transcript Highlights:

• However, some entities that use eminent domain to acquire real property don't pay their property taxes
• owner or their family the opportunity to repurchase property they lost through eminent domain if the entity
• Specifically, HB3788 allows these entities to own, operate, or fund facilities such as administrative
• In addition, the bill clarifies the authority of these entities to issue revenue bonds to fund these
• Between the homeowner and any entity that's involved, House Bill 23 does include some provisions for

Bills: SB2784, HB23, HB247, HB1533, HB2011, HB2013, HB2273, HB2421, HB2464, HB3120, HB3424, HB3575, HB3788, HB4370, HB4809, HB5057, HB5084, HB5534, HB5668, HJR34, HB23, HB247, HJR34

Keywords: Somervell County, hospital district, board of directors, elections, local governance, staggered terms, third-party review, property development, local government, permits, construction inspection, regulatory authority, land development, liability, occupancy certificate, border security, tax exemption, ad valorem, real property, infrastructure

Transcript Highlights:

• Safety, but the vast majority of training that's carried out in the state of Texas is by one of two entities
• Those are the two main entities that provide continuing education for polygraph examiners across the
• Funding agreement with private entities provides the Texas Military Department with the financial flexibility
• But if they don't have access to a computer to, to use all the entities, the dozens of entities that
• unauthorized possession of copper or brass and to the sale of copper or brass material to recycling entities

Bills: SB 36

Keywords: transportation, regional authorities, mobility, infrastructure, sales tax

Transcript Highlights:

• of the Texas corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, and other types of business entities
• references to the new Texas Business Court, incorporating the ability of entities to use electronic
• dedicated to promoting sound foundational laws in Texas to support commerce and the formation of entities
• adopted, we've had bills in the legislature to uh update and keep keep the code competitive with the entity
• station that will literally cost billions of dollars, we are very aware that we're not a government entity

Transcript Highlights:

• By pulling together state, local government, and university resources, we can ensure that no one entity
• So let me ask you about the partnerships with universities, private entities, and local governments.
• Private entities could range from private law firms providing assistance in legal counseling, hospitals
• Entity and what they can contract to purchase, subject to all the laws relating thereto.
• Laws or contractual laws of all government entities, and I would be happy to answer any questions and

Bills: HB386, HB1449, HB1701, HB2142, HB2675, HB2857, HB3063, HB3171, HB3641, HB3732, HB4045, HB4370, HB4491, HB4505, HB4626, HB5267, HB5356

Keywords: construction contracts, change orders, local government, budget limits, Texas legislation, HB 1449, mobile food vendors, food trucks, mobile food service establishments, permits, county health permit, municipal permitting, Health and Safety Code Chapter 437A, Chapter 437, inspection agreements, permit reciprocity, fee cap, preemption, large counties, population over one million

Transcript Highlights:

• They have their own management entity, per se.
• Okay. >> And so some has apparently in an outside entity contracted entity.
• I'm just saying you've got to organizations operating 2 different entities that have 2 different purposes
• They're available to the charter schools, you know, because they can be private entities rather than
• A business owner would never be forced to house another entity and ID with its own business profits.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• , I believe, or IT, Alex, that we were looking at doing a complete study of the whole government entities
• , I believe, or IT, Alex, that we were looking at doing a complete study of the whole government entities
• We agree with the Senate on Section 3: appropriate funds received by entities controlled by the State
• State Board to have adequate project oversight by an institution or representative of an external entity
• Pregnant persons, to me, includes men and entities. So.

Bills: SB2003

Keywords: higher education, student loans, scholarships, capital projects, workforce development, funding, North Dakota university system, 908, all

Summary: The committee met to work through the higher education budget, beginning with a conflict-of-interest request from Representative Martinson, who was excused from voting because of a partnership that leases office space to Bismarck State College. Members then reviewed the higher education institution budget sheets, covering ongoing and one-time funding items for campuses and system projects such as BSC housing, Lake Region roof repairs, UND’s STEM and National Security Crossroads projects, the UND allied health facility, NDSU projects including New Horizons, DSU deferred maintenance and campus security, Mayville’s Old Main, Minot projects, and the regional health institutes. Members also discussed student financial assistance, the professional student exchange program, IT security funding, and workforce/education innovation grants. Several amendments and policy questions were debated. The committee adopted an amendment to make workforce education innovation grants competitive rather than automatically distributed, and then voted to remove language prohibiting those funds from being used to duplicate academic programs. Members also removed similar anti-duplication language from the New Horizons section. They agreed to extend the UND hyperbaric chamber transfer authority to 2027 and clarified language around UND land-sale proceeds. A proposed amendment to add $5.6 million for the Wahpeton State School of Science building purchase failed for lack of a second, and a proposal to restore fetal alcohol spectrum disorder funding to UND was left for conference. The committee also discussed, but did not add, a tuition cap change, a study on the Praxis exam, and several governance-related provisions. The committee spent significant time on broader higher education policy items, including a $3 million enterprise resource planning request for the university system, a $2 million grant program for students who are pregnant, recently gave birth, or are caring for young children, and a $1.1 million request for library age-verification software tied to the Odin system. Members also discussed dual-credit authority for UND and NDSU, a goal for the UND medical school to increase North Dakota resident enrollment, and intent language regarding the commissioner/chancellor model and presidential search authority. At the end of the meeting, the committee approved the amendments and then gave the higher education budget a do-pass recommendation as amended, with Representative Sanford designated as the carrier. The Forest Service budget was also approved, including two additional FTEs, and the committee adjourned after noting it would continue with other budgets the next day.

Transcript Highlights:

• For each of these two hearings today, we will begin by hearing from representatives of the entity under
• health agencies under the Trump administration, I'm concerned about how actions by the FDA and other entities
• could impede California pharmacists' ability to provide important care. ...and other entities could
• the board provide any insight into whether it believes adding a pharmacy technician... and other entities
• Hospitals operate under oversight from multiple entities beyond the Board of Pharmacy, including CMS,

Summary: The joint Assembly and Senate business committees held a sunset review hearing on the California State Board of Pharmacy, with board leadership describing the board’s consumer-protection role and its priorities around access, enforcement, and updating pharmacy law. The board emphasized a proposed shift toward a standard-of-care model for pharmacists, arguing it would reduce rigid protocol requirements and improve access to services such as HIV PrEP/PEP, contraception, and naloxone. Board representatives also discussed pharmacy deserts, possible fee waivers for pharmacies in underserved areas, concerns about payer practices contributing to closures, continuing education audits, and a request to restore more flexibility in licensure decisions and probationary monitoring for applicants with certain criminal histories. A major focus of the hearing was the board’s ongoing compounding regulations, especially the treatment of sterile versus nonsterile compounding and substances such as glutathione and methylcobalamin. The board said the proposal was not a ban on those substances and described the rulemaking as grounded in federal law, USP standards, and public comment, noting the process had gone through multiple modified texts and hearings. Testimony from stakeholders was sharply divided: pharmacists, veterinarians, firefighters, naturopathic doctors, and patient advocates warned the rules were restricting access to compounded medications and harming patients and first responders, while the California Medical Association, psychiatric physicians, and PhRMA raised concerns that the board’s proposals could expand pharmacist authority beyond training, affect physician practice, or create safety risks. Other public comments addressed pharmacy technician ratios, remote processing, flavoring medications, hospital-specific regulation, budget and enforcement transparency, and whether the board should add members with community compounding or pharmacy technician expertise. Committee members also asked about the board’s oversight priorities and the rationale for its standard-of-care proposal. Board staff explained that consumer protection includes education, licensing, policy, and enforcement, with the highest-priority enforcement cases being those posing imminent public harm. After public testimony concluded, the chairs thanked participants and adjourned the sunset review hearing, announcing an immediate transition to the joint informational hearing on the Department of Cannabis Control.

Transcript Highlights:

• We've become the largest training entity in the state. When industry calls, we offer solutions.
• No other entity in the state has as large a reach and positive impact in education and skills training
• We're the largest workforce training entity in the state, and we're going to continue working hard and
• In health care, we are by far the largest health care education and training entity in the state of Alabama
• ... other entities to help them implement this, but really not a whole lot for higher education.

Keywords: 924, joint, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Supreme Court, in the Citizens United decision, basically created a new group of entities: independent
• Section seven clarifies that during the prohibited period, certain entities cannot solicit contributions
• Common recipients of the program, and the current partners, or the current entities that they partner
• than 49% of the total equity capital of a business, but this shall apply to investments made by entities
• in any one business may not exceed 10% of the fund, and this applies to debt investments made by entities

Transcript Highlights:

• The state of New Jersey is the only say I know of that has established a single entity.
• Work was a government entity. We have on the ability to stand up to 5, a one C 3.
• These are the state entities that were cited to do this recommendation where you with that.
• So we have a track and to be able to basically follow up with those entities. >> Okay.
• For sounds of the like the entities that can make a determination or are enrolled someone and then the

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• “About issuing a license or renewing a license: a renewal will not be granted to an entity or a youth
• Yes, in that an entity is eligible for renewal if they meet the requirements, whereas an entity is subject
• Yes, in that an entity is eligible for renewal if they meet the requirements, whereas an entity is subject
• But not knowingly know that some entity is not operating safe and has your seal of approval. ...some
• entity is not operating safe and has your seal of approval, and the check boxes are all checked, and

Keywords: 1185, senate, all