Video & Transcript Research : 'Alabama tax code'

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MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Human Services Finance and Policy Committee 3/27/25

Human Services Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • life safety code life safety code standards<00:25:39.240> so<00:25:39.679> some<00
  • Representative Noor said it was Article 2, Section 12, line 8.17, regarding the Life Safety Code for
  • Ubie. mechanical electrical and fire codes not mechanical electrical and fire codes not having<01:24:
  • <01:38:37.760> oversight county and fire code oversight county and fire code oversight mechanisms
  • <01:41:52.800> since disabilities through zoning codes since disabilities through zoning codes
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Natural Resources Mar 19th, 2025

Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • Water Code 13.255 is specific for a municipality who is requesting be singly certificated to an area
  • the economic regulations and CCNs in particular, and things like decertification under Texas Water Code
  • The bill seeks to amend Chapter 28. 8a of the Texas Water Code by implementing, implementing planning
  • Currently, the Texas Water Code establishes floodplain regulations, but in Enforcement of these regulations
  • The district would not have the authority to impose taxes, charge fees. ease, or exercise eminent domain
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Natural Resources Mar 19th, 2025

Natural Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • closing that funding gap by constitutionally dedicating $1 billion. dollars per year from state sales tax
  • L3 generates revenue by selling electricity, transmission, and water services. neither levy taxes nor
  • The fact that the districts were going to be financed through property taxes became a problem and we
  • Oh, okay, um, do y'all have as a PUA have tax authority or just the entities within the PUA?
  • And only two of those actually have taxing authority.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs Mar 17th, 2025

S/C on Defense & Veterans' Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • House Bill 1078 would amend the Labor Code to require the Workforce Commission to create in collaboration
  • contact information for the Texas Veterans Commission. information on the Veterans Crisis Hotline, tax
AL

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Banking and Insurance Committee Mar 5th, 2025

Banking and Insurance

Transcript Highlights:
  • All it does is correct those internal citations that refer to correct sections in the Code of Alabama
  • Yes, Surplus lines company is a company that's a non-admitted carrier in Alabama.
Keywords: 923, senate, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • , fire codes.
  • Uh if are building codes, fire codes.
  • , the tourism tax, paying that tax became burdensome.
  • tax to local government and tourism? tax to local government and tourism?
  • > that<01:14:37.679> tax the tourism tax um paying that tax the tourism tax um paying that
Summary: The committee approved the minutes from its June 4, 2025 meeting and then heard a series of presentations focused largely on housing and land-use policy. Senator Robbie Mills and Representative Josh Bray discussed two 2025 housing measures: Senate Bill 50, which would create residential infrastructure development districts to help local governments finance infrastructure for new housing developments through special assessments and local debt, and House Bill 7, which would let local governments identify development areas and rebate new property tax revenue to developers as an incentive for housing growth. They said Kentucky faces a statewide housing shortage of roughly 210,000 units, projected to grow if building patterns do not change, and argued that regulatory relief and financing tools are needed to increase supply. Representative Rebecca Rymer presented House Bill 371, which would require local permitting when an industry’s residual waste landfill is located in a different county from the industry itself. She said current law lets such landfills bypass local review, leaving host counties with no say despite road impacts and other local burdens. She said the bill would preserve the existing exemption when the landfill and industry are co-located, and noted support from KLC and KO. Representative Steve Doan also described House Bill 806, a statewide backyard chicken bill that would allow domesticated hens, prohibit roosters, set a minimum of six hens that local governments could not go below, and preserve local authority over setbacks, sanitation, maintenance standards, and egg sales. He said it would override outright local bans but not HOA restrictions, and cited a current Northern Kentucky dispute and ADA litigation as reasons for the proposal. The committee then heard a broader discussion on housing and land use from Charlie Gardner of the Mercatus Center and Nolan Gray of California YIMBY and the Bluegrass Institute. They outlined categories of land-use regulation, described the recent growth of state-level housing reforms nationwide, and cited examples such as ADU legalization, smaller lot sizes, reduced parking minimums, streamlined permitting, and single-stair or other building-code reforms. They argued that housing shortages are a statewide concern, that localities often have incentives to block growth, and that state intervention can reduce costs and uncertainty without compromising health and safety. Members asked about the housing shortage estimate, the effect of red tape on safety and local authority, and how state reforms could be phased in; the presenters said reforms often include lead time, can be targeted to larger jurisdictions, and should focus on reducing time and cost while maintaining basic standards.
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • What about being a watchdog for our tax dollars?
  • In order for us to send tax dollars, there are regulations they have to follow.
  • It only tells the state that we don't care about where your tax dollars are going.
  • House Bill 4273 by Miller of the House and Rader of the Senate, an act relating to income tax.
  • House Bill 4273 by Miller of the House and Rader of the Senate, an act relating to income tax.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • ENSURES THAT THE BUILDING CODE IS CONSISTENT WITH INTERNATIONAL CODE AS IT RELATES TO IT.
  • WE ARE EXEMPTING SPACE X FROM THE PROVISIONS OF THE FLORIDA BUILDING CODE? SENATOR GRALL.
  • FROM THE BUILDING CODES? SENATOR GRALL.
  • WE HAVE TWO OTHER MALES, ONE IMBRICATED MISSISSIPPI AND ONE AND TROY ALABAMA.
  • THE FAMILY AS PART OWNERS IN THE FACILITY LOCATED IN ALABAMA AND COLUMBIA FALLS.
Keywords: 999, senate, all
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Tuesday, June 9, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • But the Trump and local taxes.
  • A tax hike. And it would have been a 22% tax hike.
  • A tax hike. And it would have been a 22% tax hike.
  • A tax hike. And it would have been a 22% tax hike.
  • A tax hike. And it would have been a 22% tax hike.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Thursday, September 18, 2025)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Alabama, Mr. Strong, for five minutes.
  • , recognizes the gentleman from Alabama, recognizes the gentleman from Alabama, Mr.<00:45:35.119>
  • North Alabama is ready. exist together. North Alabama is ready.
  • The chair recognizes the gentlewoman from Alabama, Ms. Su, for five minutes. Mr.
  • They even gave a tax break to coal mining.
WV

West Virginia 2026 Regular Session

Senate in Session Mar 12th, 2026 at 11:34 am

West Virginia Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Isn't that current code?
  • Isn't that current code?
  • President, I urge passage of this bill updating our tax code. Questions on passage of the bill?
  • This bill would amend provisions of the West Virginia Code relating to the Neighborhood Investment Tax
  • It changes the threshold at which the tax is reduced and changes the date by which the tax commissioner
Keywords: 994, senate, all
Summary: The Senate met on March 11, 2026, with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, journal approval, and numerous guest and page introductions, including school groups, prayer caucus visitors, and advocates for Home Family Education Day and Women in Blue Day. The chamber then took up committee reports and a large number of House bills, most of them on third reading, along with several resolutions and referrals. Senate Resolution 62, designating March 12, 2026, as West Virginia Athletic Trainers Day, was adopted after remarks emphasizing the value of athletic trainers in preventing injuries and tragedies in school sports. Several other resolutions and concurrent resolutions were referred to the Committee on Rules or laid over under the rules. The Senate passed a wide range of bills addressing economic development, public safety, health, licensing, and state administration. Measures approved included bills on the West Virginia Collaboratory at Marshall University, the Business Ready Sites program, volunteer fire company spending authority, the Load Forecast Accountability Act, funeral service licensure, work zone fines, biennial business reporting, correctional officer retirement law, the Right to Try Act, quick claim deed tax exemptions, an ibogaine drug-development grant program, aggravated vehicular homicide sentencing, 529 savings plan definitions, opportunity zones, barber apprenticeship, municipal and county hotel occupancy fund uses, criminal-record licensing standards, intimate image disclosure remedies, executor training materials, contempt penalties, PEIA treatment flexibility, PANS/PANDAS information, the Respiratory Care Interstate Compact, capitation rate review expansions, convention and visitors bureau board membership, peer support services, cosmetology licensure compacts, natural resource police retirement, DNR fee indexing, ALS care services, the Neighborhood Investment Program, oil and gas well plugging and carbon capture-related provisions, DUI technical changes, abuse intervention program terminology, and a youth summer employment and career readiness program. Most bills passed overwhelmingly, with a few closer votes, including the Load Forecast Accountability Act and the DNR fee-indexing bill. Several bills were amended on the floor, including title amendments and strike-and-insert changes. The Senate also debated the work zone penalty bill, with supporters citing worker safety and fatalities and opponents arguing the bill increased fines too much without requiring removal of outdated work-zone signs. On the energy-related load forecast bill, senators discussed the inclusion of provisions from Senate Bill 420 and concerns about coal plant utilization and utility impacts. After debate, the Senate adopted amendments and passed the bill. In most cases, after passage the Senate ordered the bills communicated to the House, and for a few measures it also adopted title amendments or made bills effective from passage or on a specified date.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • We have a manufacturing of engines in Huntsville, Alabama.
  • And with the great support of our legislators on the Hill, we were able to get the tax-exempt bonds for
  • And I'll also say Alabama has also taken proactive steps.
  • resources that make Alabama also a national scientific leader, demonstrating robust support.
  • It's not a tax on commercial companies.
Summary: The committee on Military, Veterans Affairs, Space, and Domestic Security met with a quorum present and heard a series of presentations focused on Florida’s space and aerospace industry. Blue Origin’s Anna Spencer described the company’s Florida operations at Rocket Park, including New Glenn manufacturing and launch activities, Blue Moon lunar lander work, workforce development, and recent booster recovery and launch milestones. Amazon’s Beth Cooley presented an update on Amazon Leo (formerly Project Kuiper), outlining the satellite broadband network, customer terminals, dark skies mitigation efforts, Florida facilities and jobs, and launch plans; members asked about RV/mobile applications, satellite counts, and the role of fiber, but no action was taken. Starcatcher Industries CEO Andrew Rush then described his company’s effort to create an orbital energy grid that beams power to satellites to extend mission life and increase available power, citing demonstrations in Jacksonville and Cape Canaveral and plans for a first satellite launch next year. Space Florida CEO Rob Long gave a strategic update on the state’s aerospace sector, citing billions in private investment, hundreds of projects in the pipeline, the leverage of state spaceport funding, workforce and university programs, and the need for additional tools and infrastructure to keep Florida competitive. He emphasized growth in launch activity, manufacturing, research, and military support infrastructure, and said Space Florida would bring forward legislative proposals. Kennedy Space Center Director Janet Petro delivered the strongest policy message of the meeting, warning that KSC’s aging infrastructure and relatively smaller NASA budget share could cause Florida to lose aerospace leadership to states like Texas unless the state strengthens its partnership, research investment, and infrastructure support. Members questioned her about federal restrictions on commercial investment in common-use infrastructure, the need for more state-federal alignment, and how Florida can preserve its role as the launch capital of the world. After the presentations and questions, Senator Burgess moved to adjourn, there was no objection, and the committee adjourned.
MS

Mississippi 2026 Regular Session

MS House Floor - 22 January, 2026; 2:00 PM

Mississippi House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:14:56.480> or fixing to put on me in federal tax or fixing to put on me in federal tax
  • and they continue to Mobile and Alabama and they continue to grow. grow. grow.
  • Cities want sales tax.
  • >> Cities want sales tax. Houses don't. >> Cities want sales tax. Houses don't.
  • >> That's right. >> But the taxes are going to go up on business owners as well. >> Yeah.
Summary: The House convened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, established a quorum, dispensed with the journal reading, and reported no select committee reports. Members then recognized visitors and guests, including representatives from Mississippi College and Coastal American Insurance. The chamber spent considerable time honoring Mississippi College’s 200th anniversary, with remarks from members about the school’s history, its law school, and personal experiences there, followed by the presentation of a proclamation and applause. On the rules calendar, the House adopted several resolutions in blocks, including three House concurrent resolutions and then five House resolutions, all by unanimous or near-unanimous voice vote. One motion to reconsider House Bill 534 was tabled. The House also granted immediate release on the adopted resolutions. Later, a member introduced an out-of-order birthday recognition and a family baseball photo, which drew laughter and applause. On the general calendar, the House took up House Bill 4, a County Affairs bill concerning municipal annexation. The bill would require an election in both the municipality and the proposed annexation area if 20% of electors in the area petition for one, with annexation failing unless both sides agree; if defeated, the question could be brought back after five years. Members questioned whether the measure would make annexation much harder, whether business owners would vote, and how it compared with current court-based annexation procedures. The bill was laid on the table subject to call after discussion. Military Affairs, Transportation, and Medicaid were then reported as passing. The clerk announced upcoming committee meetings and a suffrage bill deadline, members made additional announcements including recognition of the doctor of the day and Recovery Day 2026, and the House adjourned to reconvene Monday at 4 p.m., weather permitting, with a possible delay to Tuesday or Wednesday if roads were impassable.
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

FL House Floor Session - 2025-04-09 (1:00PM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • sales tax rate from 6% to 5.25%, the commercial rent tax, also known as the business rent tax, from
  • Why not consider adding to the tax package efforts to close corporate tax loopholes?
  • Members, I love to cut taxes. Any tax given back to the taxpayer is always good news.
  • Property taxes are the single largest tax burden on homeowners.
  • Property taxes are the single largest tax burden on homeowners.
Summary: The House convened with prayer, the pledge, quorum call, and several recognitions, including guests for Education and Sharing Day, law enforcement officer of the day Detective Miata Anderson, and later FAMU Day at the Capitol and other visiting groups. The chamber adopted the special order report and then moved through a series of budget-related bills and conforming measures, with debate focused largely on recurring funding, environmental programs, housing, insurance reserves, and tax policy. Members approved HB 5011/SB 2506, which conform environmental resource funding to the proposed budget by shifting Seminole Gaming Compact-related dollars from recurring to nonrecurring funding; supporters said this preserves annual legislative review, while opponents warned it would reduce funding for the Resilient Florida program, wildlife corridor protection, invasive species removal, and other conservation efforts. The House then passed HB 5013, reducing state-funded property reinsurance reserves by lowering the RAP program and repealing FORA funding, and HB 5501, which redirects documentary stamp tax revenues from housing and transportation trust funds to general revenue; Democrats argued the housing changes would reduce affordable housing support, while Republicans said the move was needed to control recurring spending. The chamber also passed HB 5015 on state group insurance, HB 5201 on Florida PALM accounting conforming changes, HB 5203 on Capitol Center tenancy and utilities control, and HB 5009 creating a Florida Accountability Office and revising audit and budgeting functions. The most extended debate came on HB 7031, which permanently reduces the state sales tax rate from 6% to 5.25% and also lowers several related tax rates. Supporters described it as broad-based, immediate tax relief for Floridians, while opponents said property tax relief would be more targeted and that sales tax cuts also benefit tourists and out-of-state visitors. The bill passed 112-0. The House then took up the main budget bill, HB 501, and subcommittee chairs outlined the proposed $112.9 billion budget, including education, health care, transportation, agriculture and natural resources, higher education, state administration, justice, and IT spending. Members began questioning the pre-K-12 budget on school funding, vouchers, proration, mental health and safety allocations, and inflation, with the discussion continuing beyond the excerpt provided.
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

House of Representatives Jun 1st, 2026

Louisiana House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • and the campaign finance code.
  • Purely technical amendments: citation, Civil Code 1423 should have been 1424.
  • If you look at the report on the amendments, it changes Civil Code 1423; it should have read Code of
  • And what happens is they go up for property tax sale.
  • much in taxes to be able to fund the operations of the parish.
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

House of Representatives Jun 1st, 2026

Louisiana House Floor Meeting

Summary: The House convened with a quorum, opened with prayer, the pledge, and a national anthem performance, then moved through several personal privileges and recognitions. Members welcomed a student cancer survivor and entrepreneur, Bella of Brave Bella Bead Company, and also recognized a new legislative assistant, a page leaving for college, and a resolution honoring National Mississippi River Day. The chamber also received conference committee reports and enrollment reports, and returned some previously failed measures to the calendar, including H.R. 119 and H.B. 410. The main floor action centered on a series of Senate concurrent resolutions, most of which were adopted overwhelmingly. These included SCR 59 on re-evaluating flood maps and insurance rates tied to the Comite River Diversion Canal, SCR 61 urging higher reimbursement for behavioral health crisis centers, SCR 62 calling for review of school-zone safety and speed limits, SCR 68 creating a blockchain and digital innovation task force, SCR 69 encouraging continued research to reduce sugarcane burning, SCR 70 supporting the Major Richard Star Act for medically retired combat-wounded veterans, SCR 54 supporting the Mississippi River Basin Fishery Commission Act, SCR 55 designating the Peggy Martin Rose as the official state rose, SCR 64 creating a construction manager-at-risk task force, SCR 75 studying a Louisiana maneuvers museum and trail, and SCR 80 creating a task force on the minimum foundation program and long-term teacher pay funding. Most passed with little or no opposition, with SCR 84 on earthquake seismic activity in several parishes amended to adjust task force membership before final adoption. The House also heard a personal privilege statement honoring the late Ponder P.C. Clinton Jr., a noted Black farmer, cattleman, and community leader in Shreveport’s Cedar Grove neighborhood, and expressed condolences to his family. Later, members received a hurricane-season reminder from Rep. Jay Galle about disaster response procedures and the need to work through parish emergency offices. The transcript ends as the House moves into additional concurrent resolutions returned from the Senate with amendments.
MS

Mississippi 2026 Regular Session

Judiciary, Division A - Room 216, 29 January, 2026; 3:00 PM

Judiciary, Division A

Transcript Highlights:
  • and process and that's what these code and process and that's what these code sections<00:04:11.840
  • <00:09:01.600> sections that's why you have the code sections that's why you have the code
  • <00:09:13.839> sections that um it brings the code sections that um it brings the code sections
  • And so that would throughout the code.
  • conform to the code section with that. conform to the code section with that.
Summary: The committee met to discuss several bills, beginning with a block motion on Senate Bills 2138, 2697, 2707, 2717, and 2726. Those measures were described as code-section updates involving redrawn Supreme Court districts, youth court reforms, Administrative Office of Courts matters, replacement of the MyKids youth court computer system, and Mississippi opioid settlement commission procedures. The committee agreed to take them up together, and the motion to report them title sufficient and due pass carried without opposition. The committee then considered Senate Bill 2890, dealing with the judicial operations fund. Members were told the fund no longer has sufficient revenue to cover court operations and requested judicial raises, and the proposed committee substitute would repeal the fund while conforming related code references. The substitute was adopted and the bill was reported title sufficient and due pass. Senate Bill 2730, granting immunity to nonprofits and churches that open during declared emergencies, was amended with a reverse repealer and then passed as amended. Next, Senate Bill 2135 was explained as a change to jury summons procedures so clerks could use the SEMS active/inactive voter designation and summon only active voters, without removing anyone from the voter rolls. The bill drew no opposition and passed, though a reverse repealer was later requested on similar procedural grounds in other bills. Senate Bill 2360 would create a public registry of entities that, though appearing private, are covered by the Mississippi Tort Claims Act; members discussed whether such entities should also be required to identify themselves on websites and written materials, and an amendment to that effect was adopted. A reverse repealer was then added, and the bill passed as amended. Finally, Senate Bill 2362 was presented as a proposal to create a private cause of action under the Unfair Trade Practices Act, allowing claimants to sue directly while still notifying the Attorney General. The sponsor said the bill would not add extra damages and noted similar laws in other states. The committee discussion was cut off in the transcript before a final vote on that bill is shown.
MS

Mississippi 2026 Regular Session

MS Senate Floor - 11 March, 2026; 10:00 AM

Mississippi Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:15:57.320> would tax that the tax assessor would tax that the tax assessor would basically
  • parts of code into one section of code. parts of code into one section of code.
  • It is in existing code. section. It is in existing code.
  • All the code sections that are brought forth at the very end about municipal sales tax and all kinds
  • on the general contractor tax. on the general contractor tax.
Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum, opened with an invocation by Reverend Anthony Phillips, and dispensed with the reading of the journal and committee reports. The chamber also recognized several guests in the galleries, including family members of senators, medical professionals for Early Childhood Day, and advocates and local officials. After introductions, the Senate moved into the calendar and began considering bills and motions. Among the measures taken up, the Senate passed House Bill 1393 to create the Mississippi Energy Infrastructure Fund, with the sponsor explaining it would allow MDA to support energy projects and require compliance with state procurement laws. The Senate also passed House Bill 420, which provides a full homestead ad valorem tax exemption for honorably discharged veterans age 85 or older and allows an unremarried surviving spouse to keep the exemption; senators asked about eligibility, age limits, and safeguards against improper exemptions. Another bill passed was House Bill 1941 on the Mississippi Outdoor Stewardship Trust Fund, which would allow funding through bonds or other means in addition to direct appropriation and raise the DFA processing cap from 2% to 3%; several senators raised concerns about state debt and the funding mechanism. The Senate concurred in Senate Bill 2906, which gives the Secretary of State additional time to establish minimum cybersecurity standards for county election systems. It also adopted motions to table reconsideration on several House bills, including House Bill 908 on absentee ballot receipt dates, House Bill 525 on mandatory minimum penalties for sexual battery, and House Bill 538 on sanctuary policies and immigration enforcement. The chamber voted to reconsider and then again pass House Bill 1613, described as a bill on aggravated trafficking weight and pill counts that also included a chemical abortion ban, after some senators who were absent earlier asked to go on record. For House Bill 2409, dealing with a comprehensive mitigation program for retrofitting insurable homes, the Senate voted not to concur and invited conference. The Senate also passed and retained numerous other items as it worked through the calendar.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Education K-16 (Part II) Apr 3rd, 2025

Education K-16

Transcript Highlights:
  • from this requirement, which occurred because TSTC is included in a different part of the Education Code
  • No taxing authority, and the education and general space support formula is not congruent with technical
  • Those were particularly helpful, too, because without property taxes, we had no way to build out the
  • The bill is filed to all the commissioner actions under Section 39A.002 of the Education Code.
  • It reduces plan expenses such as premium taxes and state-mandated coverage.
Summary: The committee heard and discussed several higher education and public school bills. Senator Burwell presented SB 1242 to remove an outdated Coordinating Board approval requirement for Texas State Technical College land and facility acquisitions, and SJR 59 to create a constitutionally dedicated endowment for TSTC capital needs; both drew strong support from industry and workforce groups and were left pending. SB 757, by Senator Middleton, would create a debt-to-earnings accountability system for public college programs, with supporters saying it would protect students from low-value degrees and opponents warning it could unfairly penalize programs with long-term value, especially graduate, medical, and public service fields; it was also left pending. SB 1241, by Senator Millington, would expand acceptable college entrance exams beyond the SAT and ACT, including the Classic Learning Test, and was left pending after testimony from CLT, homeschool, and student groups in support. SB 1085, by Senator Blanco, would let Sul Ross State University offer lower-division courses at its satellite campuses in the Middle Rio Grande region; it too was left pending. The committee then took up a series of public school and higher education measures, voting several out favorably. SB 605, as substituted, limits commissioner approval of charter school expansion amendments for schools under conservatorship or a management team and was reported favorably 9-0. SB 1871 and SB 1873, both by Senator Perry, were revised to narrow teacher immunity, clarify removal and suspension procedures, require periodic review of in-school suspension placements, and align discipline rules; both substitutes were adopted and reported favorably. SB 1872, SB 1874, SB 762, SB 1962, SB 1750, SB 2252, SB 2253, SB 2365, SB 1924, and SB 37 were also considered, with most reported favorably on party-line or near-unanimous votes. SB 1750 would replace a flat charter school facilities funding cap with an attendance-based formula; SB 2252 and SB 2253 address kindergarten readiness, early literacy/numeracy, and educator preparation; SB 2365 concerns student phone use during instructional time; SB 1924 restores local citation authority for certain school offenses and adds reporting, notice, and completion requirements; and SB 37 would expand state oversight of higher education curriculum, governance, faculty senates, and compliance with state law. Other measures heard included SB 769, which would require a Coordinating Board report on barriers faced by students with disabilities in higher education; supporters emphasized the need for better data and accessibility, while witnesses suggested broader reporting on race, disability types, and K-12-to-college transitions. SB 2231 would designate a Free College Application Week in October and was left pending. SB 1878 would modernize the Josie School statute and provide formula funding and aid eligibility for Polytechnic College. SB 1409 would authorize universities to offer self-funded student health benefit plans, with Rice University and Texas 2036 supporting the measure as a way to lower costs and expand coverage. SB 2431 would require universities to give foreign language credit for study abroad programs, SB 2314 would require schools to inform students about opting in or out of record sharing for direct admissions through My Texas Future, and SB 2138 would extend the state’s anti-ESG contracting restrictions to public higher education endowments and governing boards; these later bills were introduced and left pending.