Video & Transcript Research : 'human services finance'

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TX
TX

Texas 89th Regular

89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Aug 15th, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

OK
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Retirement and Government Resources 2ND REVISED Apr 7th, 2026 at 10:30 am

Retirement and Government Resources

Transcript Highlights:
  • Keep our priorities on our services within the state. With that, I would yield for questions.
  • They can still render services to any person that walks in their doors.
  • It's a redirection Of our state agencies to redirect directly into services, not getting caught up in
  • There again, when we're talking about autism, we're not in that session or rendering that service as
  • They want us to spend it on services, but they're not.
Bills: HB3415, HB2206, HB3414, HB3265, HB3310, HB3413, HB4486, HB1219
Keywords: state government, vendor contracts, subcontracting, public database, contract assessment, transparency, retirement, law enforcement, Oklahoma Law Enforcement Retirement System, school resource officers, public safety, public finance, contract management, service-driven contracts, state accounting, intangible assets, Oklahoma Police Pension, disability benefits, mental health, retirement system
MN
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy Committee 3/27/25

Workforce, Labor, and Economic Development Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> million in public and private financing million in public and private financing because<00:04:43.680
  • um</c> Training Services Services I guess um Training Services Services I guess um which<00:23:38.360
  • </c> the growth in these case Services the growth in these case Services expenditures<00:26:25.120><c
  • </c> unit costs have grown for case Services unit costs have grown for case Services as as as well<00
  • </c> good thing it is a proactive service good thing it is a proactive service that<01:12:26.400><c>
Bills: HF1538, HF1965, HF2251, HF2838
Keywords: teacher apprenticeship, registered apprenticeship, teacher licensure, teacher shortage, workforce development, education finance, K-12 education, higher education, Professional Educator Licensing and Standards Board, PELSB, Tier 3 license, teacher preparation, mentor teacher, school district, cooperative unit, teacher pipeline, alternative licensure, apprenticeship program, labor and industry, union representation
HI
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

HSH-HLT Joint Public Hearing - Thu Mar 19, 2026 @ 9:30 AM HST

Human Services & Homelessness

Transcript Highlights:
  • Meredith Nichols, representing the Department of Human Services.
  • Human Services to submit Department of Human Services to submit submit<01:33:39.600><c> a</c><01:33:39.640
  • c> Services</c><01:34:20.120><c> stands</c> The Department of Human Services stands The Department of
  • </c><01:39:13.080><c> Services</c> for uh Department of Human Services for uh Department of Human Services
  • </c> requiring the Department of Human requiring the Department of Human Services<01:58:35.760><c> to
Bills: SB709, SB2089, SB2090, SB2108, SB2211, SB2250, SB2325, SB2803, SB2866, SB3245
Keywords: mental health, crisis intervention, assisted community treatment, treatment orders, law enforcement training, public safety, court-ordered treatment, Medicaid, healthcare access, unlicensed professionals, supervised services, workforce development, mental health equity, child custody, evaluations, licensed counselors, family court, juvenile justice, waiver of jurisdiction, transfer to adult court
Summary: The committee heard SB 709 SD2, which would require the Department of Health to respond to reports involving persons with severe mental illness, assess eligibility for assisted community treatment, and coordinate treatment when appropriate. Testimony from the Department of Human Services and the Department of Health supported the measure, with DOH saying it generally supported the bill but had comments on one section it viewed as unnecessary. The Department of Law Enforcement later explained that the bill would shift certification and standards for crisis intervention officer training from DOH to DLE, while still involving DOH in the training process. Opposition came from the Hawaii Disability Rights Center and an individual testifier, both of whom argued the bill expands state authority over people with mental illness and could worsen forced treatment practices. The Disability Rights Center also raised procedural concerns, saying the bill was effectively moved from a prior administration measure that had not been heard this session, and questioned whether the bill’s changes to assisted community treatment, blood tests, urinalysis, and living arrangements went beyond current law. The individual testifier argued the bill would further entrench harmful psychiatric drugging and urged the committee to defer it. Committee members questioned the administration about the bill’s process, the role of the Attorney General in treatment-over-objection proceedings, and the practical effects of moving CIT certification to DLE. The Attorney General’s office said the bill was intended to fill a gap by allowing it to assist with treatment proceedings, while public defenders would continue to represent respondents and due process protections would remain in place. DLE and DOH said the change would better align certification with law enforcement training needs, improve speed in crisis response, and still keep DOH involved; members also discussed whether WAM counted as a hearing and whether the bill should more explicitly preserve DOH’s role. No vote or final action was taken in the portion provided.
HI
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

HSG-WAL Joint Public Hearing - Fri Feb 6, 2026 @ 8:45 AM HST

Housing

Transcript Highlights:
  • ,</c> projects that are awarded financing, projects that are awarded financing, yes,<00:32:58.399><c>
  • We wouldn't want award them financed.
  • The financing for infrastructure outside financing has contracted because it's a high risk.
  • for infrastructure outside the financing for infrastructure outside financing<01:29:14.080><c> has</
  • </c> concerns from the public finance concerns from the public finance perspective.<01:31:08.159><c>
Bills: HB1719, HB1742, HB1737, HB2049, HB1725, HB1726, HB1738, HB1799, HB1700
Keywords: housing crisis, manufactured homes, factory-built housing, zoning, relocatable housing units, farm employee housing, agriculture, Hawaii Revised Statutes, agricultural districts, land use, regulation, renewable energy, community development, housing, affordable housing, real estate, state regulation, building codes, construction, permitting
Summary: The joint public hearing covered several housing-related bills and one building-code measure. HB 1719 would make manufactured homes a permitted use by right on residentially zoned lots in the urban district, HB 1742 would authorize self-contained relocatable housing units with restrictions, and HB 1737 would clarify that a farm dwelling in an agricultural district may include an accessory employee housing structure. Testimony on these bills was overwhelmingly supportive from groups including Hawaii Realtors, Grassroot Institute of Hawaii, Housing Hawaii’s Future, the Modular Building Institute, the Hawaii Farmers Union, and others, with a few agencies offering comments. No one testified in opposition on HB 1719 or HB 1742, while HB 1737 drew one opposition and one comment in addition to broad support. No votes were taken during the hearing segment provided. A major portion of the hearing focused on HB 2049, which restructures the conveyance tax into a marginal-rate system and changes how the revenue is allocated, including funding for the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands and the rental housing revolving fund, while also affecting the legacy land conservation fund. Supporters, including DHHL, Hawaii Appleseed, Aahu Youth Action Board, Hawaii YIMBY, and others, argued the bill would help Native Hawaiian housing and, for most transactions, function as a tax cut. Opponents, including NAP Hawaii, Hawaii Realtors, Hawaii Land Trust, Mhai Land Trust, and the Tax Foundation of Hawaii, objected to using conveyance tax as a revenue-generating tool and raised concerns about higher upfront costs and reduced funding for other housing uses. Committee members and staff discussed the bill’s revenue estimates, the reduced percentage but higher cap for the land conservation fund, the effect on rental housing funding, and the bill’s cost-of-living adjustment language; staff said a line-by-line comparison of the current and proposed tax structure would be provided before decision-making. The hearing also took up HB 1725, which would extend the state building code adoption cycle from two years to six years, apply the IRC to triplexes and fourplexes, allow counties to adopt more or less stringent amendments, and appropriate funds for code adoption work. Most testimony supported the bill, with advocates saying the current process is unmanageable, too resource-intensive, and creates confusion because state and county codes can diverge; supporters said a longer cycle would improve clarity and allow more focused review. The International Code Council and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers opposed the measure, warning that delaying adoption could have negative consequences and urging the committee to let an existing statewide code-adoption strategy proceed first. Members asked about sequencing, county implementation, and whether the longer cycle would create catch-up problems, but no action was taken in the excerpt provided.
OK
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Children, Youth and Family Services Apr 8th, 2026 at 03:00 pm

Children, Youth and Family Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • Senate Bill 1983 is directing the Department of Human Services to provide foster care.
  • look at this provision if it passes and goes into effect and look at post-21 and see if there's services
  • That Majority Leader Lawson and I are interested in post-21 services and try to evaluate that.
  • if the judge deems that they need to stay in this Level E group home and receive rehabilitation services
  • So, congratulations and thanks for your service.
Bills: SB1558, SB1983, SB1796, SB1806, SB1426, SB633
Keywords: child care, licensing, definitions, foster care, child welfare, SB1983, resource family partner, resource family partners, Department of Human Services, DHS, foster homes, foster children, placement data, data sharing, de-identified data, aggregated data, sibling groups, placement disruptions, foster parent recruitment, foster parent retention
OK
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Children, Youth and Family Services Apr 8th, 2026

Children, Youth and Family Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • Senate Bill 1983 is directing the Department of Human Services to provide foster care data to resource
  • the judge deemed that they needed to stay in this level E group home and receive rehabilitation services
  • So congratulations and thanks for your service.
  • So congratulations and thanks for your service.
  • Service. And with that, unless there's anything else, we're adjourned.
Bills: SB1558, SB1983, SB1796, SB1806, SB1426, SB633
Keywords: child care, licensing, definitions, foster care, child welfare, SB1983, resource family partner, resource family partners, Department of Human Services, DHS, foster homes, foster children, placement data, data sharing, de-identified data, aggregated data, sibling groups, placement disruptions, foster parent recruitment, foster parent retention
Summary: The committee first announced that Senate Bills 1426 and 633 would not be heard and then took up several foster-care-related measures. Senate Bill 1983, presented by Representative Kane, would require the Department of Human Services to provide aggregated foster care data to private child-placing agencies under contract with DHS so they can better identify shortages, placement needs, and sibling separation issues. Members discussed how the information would be used and emphasized that no private information would be shared. The bill passed 6-0 and was sent to oversight. Majority Leader Lawson then presented Senate Bill 1796, which largely codifies existing foster care administrative rules and adds a 72-hour cap for informal care. Members asked about screening and background checks for temporary caregivers, and Lawson explained that caregivers must be screened and that DHS must verify placements are safe. The bill passed 6-0 and moved on. Lawson also presented Senate Bill 1806, extending foster care eligibility to age 21 for certain youth who are aging out or who achieved permanency after age 16, with education, training, or work requirements. Members discussed the need for post-21 services, possible future review of additional supports, and the bill’s potential to draw federal matching funds. It passed 6-0 and was reported out. Representative Geis presented Senate Bill 1558, which clarifies the definition of a child for licensing level E group homes so a youth can remain in a judge-ordered placement until age 19 to receive rehabilitation services. The committee had no questions or debate, and the bill passed unanimously 6-0. In closing, the chair thanked members for their attendance and work on children and family issues, noted the committee’s accomplishments during the year, and adjourned the meeting.
MN
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Children and Families Finance and Policy Committee 3/18/25

Children and Families Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • Child welfare funding is one of the most complicated funding streams in human services.
  • Child welfare funding is one of the most complicated funding streams in human services.
  • Child welfare funding is one of the most complicated funding streams in human services.
  • Services Committee.
  • </c><01:37:15.360><c> We</c> and Human Services Committee. We and Human Services Committee.
Bills: HF2135, HF776, HF1581, HF1158, HF2226
Keywords: child welfare, fiscal analysis, third-party consultant, program evaluation, Minnesota, HF776, Minnesota Family Assets for Independence Initiative, family assets for independence, FAI, asset-building, matched savings, financial literacy, family savings, economic mobility, children youth and families, general fund appropriation, family support, low-income families, financial stability, budget bill
KY
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

Administrative Regulation Review Subcommittee. (2-9-26)

Transcript Highlights:
  • Cabinet for Health and Family Services, Department for Medicaid Services, 907 K3320 and 907 K2310.
  • </c> Medicaid Services. Medicaid Services.
  • to prohibit services to clients only to ensure<01:02:03.520><c> that</c><01:02:04.079><c> services</c
  • family services.
  • </c> Family Services? Family Services?
Keywords: 0:00 – Meeting start/roll call 0:10 - Roll call/approval of minutes 1:43 - Cabinet for Health and Family Services (CHFS), Department for Medicaid Services 27:40 - Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control 55:54 - Board of Veterinary Examiners 1:33:15 - Testimony in support of 804 KAR 13:010E, 020E, 030E and 040E. 1:49:04 - Education Professional Standards Board 1:49:58 - Attorney General, Office of Regulatory Relief 1:52:18 - Kentucky Public Pensions Authority (KPPA) 1:54:28 - Board of Nursing 1:56:44 - Board of Occupational Therapy 1:57:37 - Board of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy 1:58:58 - Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources 1:59:50 - Economic Development Finance Authority 2:01:34 - Department of Corrections 2:02:37 - Department of Juvenile Justice 2:04:02 - Department for Employment Services, Unemployment Insurance 2:04:57 - Cabinet for Health and Family Services (CHFS), Department for Public Health, 958, all
Summary: The committee first approved the minutes and then took up Department for Medicaid Services regulations 907 KAR 23:010 and related rules. DMS explained that one regulation would establish a beneficiary advisory council and another would remove language barring coverage of GLP-1 drugs for obesity-related use. The department said coverage would still be limited by prior authorization and clinical criteria, with use tied to underlying chronic conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease, and that the pharmacy and therapeutics committee would help set the detailed standards. Members discussed the potential health benefits, but several raised concerns about cost, timing, and whether the legislature and the Medicaid Oversight and Advisory Board should review the policy first. DMS said the drugs are already on the formulary, that current Medicaid users with diabetes are already covered, and that the fiscal impact was estimated using current utilization, rebates, and expected savings; the department also said it would only cover the drugs if subject to rebates. The committee then voted 5-1 to find 907 KAR 23:010 deficient. The committee next considered several emergency regulations from the Public Protection Cabinet’s Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control implementing SB 100. The rules covered tobacco, nicotine, and vapor product licensing, including the application form, denial standards, and transitional licensing. ABC counsel said the department had received about 5,500 applications and issued nearly 5,000 licenses, with additional provisional licenses issued to avoid interruption in sales after the law’s effective date. He said some applications remained pending because inspections and photographs revealed possible unauthorized nicotine vapor products, and the department was seeking documentation before approval. A staff amendment was adopted without objection before the ABC presentation continued.
HI
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

LAB Public Hearing - Tue Mar 31, 2026 @ 10:00 AM HST

Labor

Transcript Highlights:
  • First responder status would help provide essential training, critical supporting services, including
  • First responder status would help provide essential training, critical supporting services, including
  • Services, Hawaii State Department<00:35:27.760><c> of</c><00:35:27.840><c> Defense.
  • , Services, Services, our<00:35:52.200><c> engineering</c><00:35:53.200><c> division</c><00:35:53.840
  • </c> audit of the Department of Human audit of the Department of Human Resources<00:48:53.760><c> Development
Bills: HCR92, HCR46, HCR172, HCR147, HCR112, HCR100, HR84, HR42, HR139, HR104, HR92
Keywords: automated external defibrillator, AED, cardiac arrest, state buildings, health education, public health, lifeguards, first responders, public safety, ocean safety, emergency response, Hawaii, workers' compensation, auditor, procurement audit, compliance, Department of Human Resources Development, transparency, accountability, medical care
OK
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations and Budget REVISED- SB1074 -Strom- added Feb 17th, 2026 at 04:45 pm

Appropriations and Budget

OK
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations and Budget Feb 17th, 2026 at 04:30 pm

Appropriations and Budget

AL
AL

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Finance and Taxation General Fund Committee May 1st, 2025

Finance and Taxation General Fund

NM
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

Senate - Rules Feb 4th, 2026 at 09:26 am

Senate Rules

Transcript Highlights:
  • As we know, software and cloud services and things of that nature are dwindling.
  • It's going to modernize secure services for agencies and citizens. reduce risk of failures and emergency
  • My granddaughter struggles at Lush Cruises because the finances aren't there that she would normally
  • we're hoping we can keep Corum for this because I know we have some members who are going to be up in finance
Bills: SB132, SM16, SM17
Keywords: SB132, DOIT, Department of Information Technology, software replacement, equipment replacement, technology funding, revolving fund, capital equipment, enterprise services, state IT budgeting, software budgeting, amortization, depreciation, State Treasurer, Department of Finance and Administration, New Mexico, information technology, IT infrastructure, fund accounting, legislative appropriation
AL
AL

Alabama 2026 Regular Session

Alabama House Ways and Means Education Committee Feb 4th, 2026

Ways and Means Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • say &gt;&gt; that's what I'm saying when you say subject<00:22:00.400><c> to</c><00:22:00.640><c> financing
  • </c><00:22:01.039><c> I'm</c><00:22:01.200><c> trying</c><00:22:01.280><c> to</c> subject to financing
  • I'm trying to subject to financing I'm trying to decide<00:22:01.919><c> do</c><00:22:02.080><c> we<
  • To support recruitment and retention for Guard personnel, recognize the service and readiness requirements
Bills: HB187, HB341, HB4, HB175, HB326
Keywords: HB187, court fees, docket fee, sheriff's fund, sheriff's office, jail operations, law enforcement, county sheriff, court filing fees, Alabama Code 12-19-312, solicitor's fund, clerk's fund, forensic services trust fund, budget flexibility, public safety, municipal court, district court, circuit court, cosmetology, makeup application
MN
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House State Government Finance and Policy Committee 2/18/25

State Government Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • </c> move the bill to Human move the bill to Human Services<00:01:24.640><c> and</c><00:01:25.000><c>
  • Department of Health and Human Services Center for Medicaid Services only authorizes one agency to oversee
  • Department of Health and Human Services Center for Medicaid Services only authorizes one agency to oversee
  • Representative Anderson renews his motion to refer House File 1 to Human Services and Finance Policy.
  • Human Services and finance policy all in Human Services and finance policy all in favor<01:19:10.120>
Bills: HF1, HF2
Keywords: Office of Inspector General, inspector general, legislative audit, fraud prevention, waste and abuse, public funds, grant oversight, state grants, grant management, whistleblower protection, retaliation, subpoena power, data practices, government transparency, accountability, law enforcement referrals, sanctions, debarment, payment withholding, public assistance fraud
MN
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Housing Finance and Policy Committee 3/25/26

Housing Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • It's a roof plus services.
  • It's a roof plus services. Right walls. It's a roof plus services.
  • </c> housing includes supportive services. housing includes supportive services.
  • services budget.
  • </c><00:09:46.240><c> Case</c> plus supportive services. Case plus supportive services.
Bills: HF2740, HF2901, HF4443, HF3943
Keywords: affordable housing, housing finance, Minnesota Housing Finance Agency, MHFA, low-income housing tax credit, LIHTC, Section 42, compliance period, housing stability, rental housing, affordable rental housing, homelessness, housing insecurity, housing supply, preservation, recapitalization, distressed properties, regulatory relief, local affordable housing aid, Interagency Council to End Homelessness
NM
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

House - Appropriations and Finance Feb 13th, 2026 at 05:31 pm

House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • So the issue was that they were servicing students. Can you give me the problem in a nutshell, Mr.
  • It says, for the purpose of the Public School Finance Act, fiscal years 226 and 227, a school district
  • The House Appropriations and Finance Committee substitute for the House Energy, Environment, Natural
  • Frequently we do say Legislative Finance Committee or perhaps Legislative Education Study.
  • Stephen Wancoff, 911 Bureau Chief, with the Department of Finance, Local Government Division.
Bills: HB253, HB153, HB255, HB287, HB371, SB151, HB8, SB177
Keywords: distance learning, virtual instruction, public education, student enrollment, school funding, education standards, pandemic education response, low-carbon construction, construction materials, rebate, environmental product declaration, EPD, embodied carbon, carbon intensity, greenhouse gas emissions, decarbonization, industrial incentives, clean manufacturing, cement, concrete
HI
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

HLT-HSH Joint Public Hearing - Wed Mar 18, 2026 @ 9:00 AM HST

Health

Transcript Highlights:
  • I'm Meredith Nichols, uh, representing Department of Human Services and we stand on our testimony in
  • </c> Department of Human Services on Zoom. Department of Human Services on Zoom.
  • </c> uh representing Department of Human uh representing Department of Human Services<01:30:42.560><c
  • We're not human services. &gt;&gt; Oh, wait. We're not human services.
  • </c> &gt;&gt; On behalf of the Committee on Human &gt;&gt; On behalf of the Committee on Human Services
Bills: HB1853, HB1591, HB1961, HB1854, HB1965, HB1962, HB1959, HB2505, HB2576, HB1801, HB1804, HB1864, HB2319, HB2314, HB2115
Keywords: HB1853, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, memory care, memory clinic, Hanai Memory Network, Executive Office on Aging, aging services, kupuna, caregiver support, long-term care, elder care, geriatrics, public health, dementia screening, care coordination, referral network, neighbor islands, rural health
Summary: The committee heard testimony on SB 2047, relating to pharmacy benefit managers. The Insurance Division said the bill would require new enforcement resources and estimated an appropriation of about $1.5 million and five positions. Kaiser Permanente asked for an amendment to exclude HMOs from the definition of third-party PBMs, saying the bill should not interfere with integrated care models. PCMA and the Hawaii Pharmacist Association supported narrowing amendments, with pharmacists objecting to section 3 and warning the bill as amended could create major operational burdens and a significant general fund cost. No vote was taken in the portion provided, and the chair moved on to the next measure after questions. The committee then took up SB 2080, which would allow Hawaii to join the psychology interjurisdictional compact. Supporters, including DCR, the Hawaii Association of Health Plans, the Hawaii State Association of Counties, the Grassroot Institute, and others, said the compact would expand access to psychology services, especially for people in rural areas or those needing continuity of care while traveling. Opponents, including the Board of Psychology and a Shamanad University psychology professor, raised concerns about client safety, crisis-response procedures, enforcement costs, FBI background checks, and possible loss of state control over training and specialization standards. The board said Hawaii’s current 1,900-hour internship/postdoc requirement is higher than the compact’s standard and that the state is still implementing a separate provisional licensing law that may address some access issues. The discussion focused on whether the compact would meaningfully reduce shortages and whether Hawaii should instead pursue changes within its existing licensing system. Finally, the committee heard SB 2277 on hospital price transparency. The Office of Consumer Protection initially noted the bill could require significant staffing, but later testimony from SHIP suggested the measure could be handled more simply by working with the Healthcare Association of Hawaii and publicly posting violations. The Healthcare Association of Hawaii opposed the bill, arguing hospitals already must comply with federal CMS transparency rules and that adding state requirements would increase costs and legal exposure, especially if violations were treated as unfair or deceptive trade practices. Steve Fenberg testified in support, saying the bill would simply codify existing federal requirements in state law and that he was open to amendments removing state enforcement and the unfair trade practice language. No final action was taken in the excerpt provided.
AZ
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

02/19/2026 - House Health & Human Services

Health & Human Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • Special Committee on Health and Human Services is called to order.
  • And perhaps that's because, I don't know, human error, maybe sometimes understaffing.
  • Services is adjourned.
  • And without objection, the House Committee on Health and Human Services is adjourned.
  • And without objection, the House Committee on Health and Human Services is adjourned.
Bills: HB2408, HB2434, HB2725, HB2728, HB2729, HB2730, HB2731, HB2732, HB2733
Keywords: nursing board, regulatory actions, disciplinary actions, expungement, healthcare professionalism, controlled substances, prescription monitoring, opioid crisis, healthcare regulations, patient safety, prescription drugs, opioids, healthcare, pain management, utilization controls, AHCCCS, Department of Economic Security, social services, welfare programs, vocational rehabilitation