New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York Senate Bill S09950

Introduced
4/17/26  

Caption

Amends the definition of motor vehicle to exclude personal delivery devices; requires personal delivery device operators demonstrate an adequate safety record and proof of insurance; subjects personal delivery devices to traffic rules and laws applicable to pedestrians; sets speed limits; requires such devices to obey all traffic and pedestrian control devices, and set minimum equipment standards.

Summary

This bill creates a new legal framework in the Vehicle and Traffic Law for “personal delivery devices,” meaning powered devices used to transport property that weigh no more than 400 pounds and can navigate with or without active human control. It renumbers an existing section, excludes these devices from the definition of “motor vehicles,” and adds a new article governing their operation, permitting, equipment, and local regulation. The bill treats these devices similarly to pedestrians when used on sidewalks and crosswalks, and similarly to bicyclists when used on bicycle lanes or paths, while also imposing specific operating rules such as speed limits, lighting requirements, controlled-stop capability, identification markings, and a ban on transporting certain hazardous materials. The bill requires operators to obtain a permit from the commissioner, supported by information about safety history, storage plans, breakdown and collision response, law enforcement interaction procedures, liability insurance of at least $100,000, and proposed operating locations. Permits would be valid for one year and include unique operator and device numbers. The measure also authorizes local governments, especially New York City and certain counties, towns, and villages, to regulate where, when, and how these devices may operate, including limits on device numbers, hours, delivery types, travel distance, bicycle-lane use, insurance, data sharing, and safety-based exclusion zones. In New York City, the bill further allows the collection of fees from operators to support a delivery worker fund for workers primarily contracted to deliver goods. The bill’s impact on state law would be to formally recognize autonomous or semi-autonomous delivery robots as a distinct category under traffic law, removing ambiguity about whether they are motor vehicles while still subjecting them to detailed operational rules. It would create new permitting and compliance obligations for companies deploying delivery robots, establish statewide baseline safety standards, and preserve significant local control over deployment in dense urban areas and safety-sensitive locations. It would also potentially affect delivery companies, logistics providers, sidewalk and bike-lane users, pedestrians, local governments, and workers in the delivery sector. Overall sentiment in the available record appears neutral to supportive in concept, with the bill presented as a regulatory framework rather than a prohibition. No committee transcript or vote history is provided, so there is no recorded floor or committee debate to indicate formal support or opposition. The structure of the bill suggests an effort to accommodate emerging delivery technology while addressing public safety and local oversight concerns. The main points of contention likely center on safety, sidewalk and bicycle-lane congestion, local control, and labor impacts. The bill gives municipalities broad authority to restrict or ban operations in certain areas, reflecting concern about pedestrian safety and infrastructure conflicts. At the same time, the delivery worker support fee provision suggests a labor-policy concern that operators using delivery robots could displace human delivery workers, which may be viewed as a benefit by worker advocates and as a cost or burden by industry stakeholders.

Impact

The bill would amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law to exclude personal delivery devices from the definition of motor vehicles and to add a new article governing their operation. It would impose statewide permitting, insurance, equipment, identification, and operating requirements on personal delivery device operators, while authorizing local governments to adopt additional restrictions and, in New York City, to impose fees supporting a delivery worker fund. The measure would directly affect delivery robot operators, logistics and technology companies, local enforcement agencies, and municipalities regulating sidewalk, crosswalk, and bike-lane use.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and the absence of recorded votes or committee discussion, the bill appears to be framed in a generally pragmatic and regulatory tone rather than a partisan one. Its provisions suggest an attempt to enable new delivery technology while addressing safety, enforcement, and labor concerns. Because no transcript or vote history is available, there is no documented formal opposition or support in the provided materials.

Contention

The likely areas of contention are public safety, use of sidewalks and bicycle lanes, and the extent of local regulatory authority. Opponents may object to robot deliveries interfering with pedestrians, cyclists, and traffic enforcement, while supporters may emphasize innovation and last-mile delivery efficiency. The delivery worker support fee may also draw criticism from operators as an added cost, while labor advocates may support it as a way to offset displacement of human delivery workers. New York City’s special authority to regulate device density, routes, hours, and data sharing may also be debated as either necessary oversight or burdensome micromanagement.

Companion Bills

NY A10766

Same As Relates to personal delivery services

Previously Filed As

NY A10766

Amends the definition of motor vehicle to exclude personal delivery devices; requires personal delivery device operators demonstrate an adequate safety record and proof of insurance; subjects personal delivery devices to traffic rules and laws applicable to pedestrians; sets speed limits; requires such devices to obey all traffic and pedestrian control devices, and set minimum equipment standards.

NY H3129

Personal Delivery Devices

NY H3969

Personal Delivery Devices

NY HB741

AN ACT relating to personal delivery devices.

NY A05858

Requires third-party food delivery services to verify that limited-use motorcycles and motor vehicles operated by workers in the course of making deliveries for such third-party delivery service are legally registered; requires that a third-party food delivery service shall not sell, share, or allow access to such information.

NY A10118

Enacts the "food delivery worker safety and fair algorithms act" to prohibit food delivery platforms from utilizing or deploying any algorithmic management system that requires or incentivizes delivery workers to complete deliveries within a fixed or rigid time window that cannot reasonably be met while complying with all applicable traffic laws and safety regulations; penalizes, deactivates, suspends, deprioritizes, or otherwise limits a delivery worker's access to work opportunities for failure to meet delivery time estimates that do not account for traffic patterns, traffic congestion, weather conditions, restaurant delays, or lawful compliance with traffic signals, signage, and rules of the road; directly or indirectly incentivizes speeding, unsafe operation of a vehicle or bicycle, or disregard of traffic control devices, signage, or pedestrian right-of-way; and reduces pay, tips, bonuses, or access to incentives based on a delivery worker's refusal or inability to engage in unsafe or unlawful conduct.

NY S09089

Enacts the "food delivery worker safety and fair algorithms act" to prohibit food delivery platforms from utilizing or deploying any algorithmic management system that requires or incentivizes delivery workers to complete deliveries within a fixed or rigid time window that cannot reasonably be met while complying with all applicable traffic laws and safety regulations; penalizes, deactivates, suspends, deprioritizes, or otherwise limits a delivery worker's access to work opportunities for failure to meet delivery time estimates that do not account for traffic patterns, traffic congestion, weather conditions, restaurant delays, or lawful compliance with traffic signals, signage, and rules of the road; directly or indirectly incentivizes speeding, unsafe operation of a vehicle or bicycle, or disregard of traffic control devices, signage, or pedestrian right-of-way; and reduces pay, tips, bonuses, or access to incentives based on a delivery worker's refusal or inability to engage in unsafe or unlawful conduct.

NY HB986

Motor vehicles; personal delivery devices; revise operation procedures and restrictions

NY S09633

Requires bicycle delivery contractors to provide personal injury liability insurance to compensate persons injured by a bicycle delivery worker and to provide notice to delivery workers that the contractor provides personal injury liability insurance; authorizes the superintendent of financial services to promulgate rules and regulations.

NY A01823

Requires bicycle delivery contractors to provide personal injury liability insurance to compensate persons injured by a bicycle delivery worker and to provide notice to delivery workers that the contractor provides personal injury liability insurance; authorizes the superintendent of financial services to promulgate rules and regulations.

Similar Bills

TX HB4215

Relating to the regulation of delivery network companies; requiring an occupational permit; authorizing a fee.

NJ S3139

Requires delivery network company to maintain certain automobile insurance.

NJ A3581

Requires delivery network companies to maintain automobile insurance.

NJ A3568

Requires food delivery network company to maintain certain automobile insurance.

TN HB2175

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 7; Title 55; Title 56 and Title 65, relative to delivery network companies.

TN SB2458

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 7; Title 55; Title 56 and Title 65, relative to delivery network companies.

MO SB915

Modifies provisions relating to insurance coverage for certain delivery network companies

TX SB2154

Relating to the regulation of delivery network companies; requiring an occupational permit; authorizing a fee.