New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York Senate Bill S01728

Introduced
1/13/25  
Refer
1/13/25  
Engrossed
3/26/25  
Refer
3/26/25  

Caption

Provides that court records in a proceeding under articles 77, 78 and 81 of the mental hygiene law shall not be perused, examined, disclosed, taken or copied by any other person than a party, the attorney or counsel of a party, the guardian, the court evaluator or the court examiner except by order of the court.

Summary

S01728 amends the Mental Hygiene Law to restrict access to court records in proceedings under article 81, which governs guardianship proceedings for allegedly incapacitated persons. Under the bill, those records may not be perused, examined, disclosed, taken, or copied by anyone other than a party, a party’s attorney or counsel, the guardian, the court evaluator, the court examiner except by court order, or the Attorney General. The bill also clarifies that records include all documents filed with the clerk in connection with the proceeding, while documents obtained through disclosure but not filed remain subject to protective orders under the Civil Practice Law and Rules. The bill removes the prior standard that allowed sealing of court records only upon a written finding of good cause and replaces it with a more categorical confidentiality rule. It also changes the notice given at the start of a hearing so that the allegedly incapacitated person is informed of the right to request exclusion of a person, persons, or the general public from the hearing, rather than specifically requesting sealing of the records. The bill applies immediately and reaches past, present, and future article 81 proceedings, with a limited accommodation for county clerks who may only restrict access to older records to the extent they can readily identify them. Its practical impact is to strengthen privacy protections in guardianship-related proceedings and limit public access to sensitive court files involving incapacity, mental health, and personal affairs. It would affect county clerks, courts, litigants, guardians, court evaluators, court examiners, and the Attorney General by narrowing who may inspect or copy these records and by making access more tightly controlled across current and prior cases. The available voting history suggests broad support for the bill. It was approved unanimously in the Senate Mental Health Committee and then passed the Senate floor 61-0, indicating little formal opposition in the recorded votes. No committee transcript was provided, so there is no detailed record of debate, but the vote pattern suggests the measure was viewed favorably as a privacy and confidentiality reform. The main point of contention implied by the bill’s text is the balance between privacy for allegedly incapacitated persons and public access to court proceedings. The bill moves away from a discretionary, good-cause sealing standard toward a more restrictive default rule, which could raise concerns about transparency in guardianship cases. Any opposition would likely come from those favoring broader public oversight of court proceedings, while supporters would emphasize protecting vulnerable individuals and sensitive personal information.

Impact

The bill would amend section 81.14 of the Mental Hygiene Law to sharply limit access to records in article 81 guardianship proceedings, allowing inspection or copying only by specified parties and officials unless the court orders otherwise. It would also apply retroactively to past proceedings to the extent records can be identified, affecting county clerks’ record-handling practices and the confidentiality of existing court files.

Sentiment

The recorded sentiment appears strongly favorable. The bill passed the Senate Mental Health Committee unanimously and later cleared the Senate floor 61-0, suggesting bipartisan agreement and little visible resistance in the available legislative record. The absence of transcript material limits insight into debate, but the vote history indicates broad support for enhanced privacy protections in guardianship proceedings.

Contention

The central policy tension is between protecting the privacy of allegedly incapacitated persons and preserving public access to court records. By replacing a good-cause sealing framework with a categorical restriction on disclosure, the bill reduces transparency and may concern advocates of open courts or public accountability. Supporters, by contrast, are likely focused on confidentiality, dignity, and safeguarding sensitive medical and personal information in guardianship cases.

Companion Bills

NY A06804

Same As Provides that court records in a proceeding under articles 77, 78 and 81 of the mental hygiene law shall not be perused, examined, disclosed, taken or copied by any other person than a party, the attorney or counsel of a party, the guardian, the court evaluator or the court examiner except by order of the court.

Previously Filed As

NY A06804

Provides that court records in a proceeding under articles 77, 78 and 81 of the mental hygiene law shall not be perused, examined, disclosed, taken or copied by any other person than a party, the attorney or counsel of a party, the guardian, the court evaluator or the court examiner except by order of the court.

NY S02880

Exempts guardianship motions filed under article 81 of the mental hygiene law by a fiduciary, court evaluator, guardian ad litem, court-appointed attorney or by the court examiner from the required filing fee.

NY S04337

Exempts guardianship motions filed under article 81 of the mental hygiene law by a fiduciary, court evaluator, guardian ad litem, court-appointed attorney or by the court examiner from the required filing fee.

NY S07819

Enacts "Karilyn's law"; provides that the court set the date for proceedings relating to family visitation under a guardianship petition for not more than ten days from the signing of the order to show cause; provides that visitation shall be a rebuttable presumption.

NY S08086

Relates to compensation of individuals appointed by the court as court evaluators in guardianship matters.

NY A09380

Relates to compensation of individuals appointed by the court as court evaluators in guardianship matters.

NY S07480

Provides that in any jurisdiction in which a party is eligible under local law for free legal counsel, if such party has in good faith attempted to secure such counsel and is unable to obtain counsel through no fault of their own, the court shall adjourn the trial of the issue for consecutive periods of not less than fourteen days each until the party is able to secure counsel.

NY S09936

Provides that in any jurisdiction in which a party is eligible under local law for free legal counsel, if such party has in good faith attempted to secure such counsel and is unable to obtain counsel through no fault of their own, the court shall adjourn the trial of the issue for consecutive periods of not less than fourteen days each until the party is able to secure counsel.

NY S00887

Provides that a surrogate court clerk or chief clerk shall refuse to accept for filing papers filed in a proceeding only under certain circumstances or as designated in statute, administrative rule or order of the court; provides such reasons; requires the payment of any applicable statutory fees, or an order of the court waiving payment of such fees, before accepting a paper for filing; makes related provisions.

NY A00577

Provides that a surrogate court clerk or chief clerk shall refuse to accept for filing papers filed in a proceeding only under certain circumstances or as designated in statute, administrative rule or order of the court; provides such reasons; requires the payment of any applicable statutory fees, or an order of the court waiving payment of such fees, before accepting a paper for filing; makes related provisions.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.