Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Missouri Senate Bill SB1160

Introduced
1/7/26  
Introduced
12/31/69  

Caption

SB 1160

Summary

SB 1160 repeals Missouri’s statutory death penalty framework and replaces it with life imprisonment without eligibility for probation, parole, or release except by act of the governor for first-degree murder. To do that, the bill repeals a large set of sections governing capital punishment procedures, including death warrants, execution protocols, witness rules, pregnancy-related postponement provisions, and Supreme Court review of death sentences. It also amends related classification and homicide procedure statutes so that references to death are removed from felony classification and first-degree murder sentencing provisions. The bill preserves first-degree murder as a class A felony, but the punishment becomes life imprisonment without parole for adults, while juvenile offenders remain subject to the separate juvenile sentencing provision already referenced in the statute. It also revises joinder and jury-waiver rules for homicide cases, and removes special procedures that applied only when the death penalty was available or not waived. In effect, the bill would eliminate capital punishment from Missouri law and convert all future first-degree murder sentencing to a non-capital scheme. Because the bill text is largely a repeal-and-replacement measure, its legal impact is broad: it would invalidate the state’s statutory machinery for imposing and carrying out executions and would shift sentencing authority in first-degree murder cases away from death-eligible punishment. It would also affect the Department of Corrections, courts, prosecutors, defense counsel, and appellate review processes by removing duties tied to capital cases and execution administration. The bill would leave life without parole as the maximum punishment for adult first-degree murder convictions. The available context shows no recorded committee discussion or votes, so there is no documented floor or committee sentiment in the provided materials. Based on the bill’s content, the measure is clearly aimed at ending capital punishment in Missouri, which typically draws strong support from death-penalty opponents and strong opposition from supporters of capital sentencing. The bill’s structure suggests the main policy debate would be over whether life without parole is an adequate substitute for the death penalty and whether the state should retain any execution authority at all. The most notable point of contention is the complete repeal of the death penalty and all related procedures, which would be a major change to Missouri criminal law. Secondary issues include the removal of death-penalty-specific appellate review, execution confidentiality and protocol provisions, and the reworking of homicide trial procedures to fit a non-capital sentencing regime. Any debate would likely center on public safety, punishment severity, victims’ rights, and the finality and cost of capital cases.

Impact

SB 1160 would repeal Missouri statutes governing capital punishment and replace them with a sentencing framework that makes life imprisonment without parole the maximum punishment for adult first-degree murder. It would remove execution procedures, death warrant rules, Supreme Court death-sentence review, and other death-penalty-specific provisions, while also amending related homicide and offense-classification statutes to eliminate references to death as a punishment option.

Sentiment

No committee transcript or vote history was provided, so there is no documented legislative sentiment in the record supplied with the bill. From the bill’s substance, the measure is a clear death-penalty repeal proposal, which would generally be viewed favorably by abolition advocates and opposed by supporters of capital punishment, prosecutors, and some victims’ rights advocates.

Contention

The central point of contention is whether Missouri should abolish the death penalty entirely and replace it with life without parole. Related disputes include whether the state should retain special procedures for capital cases, how to handle sentencing and appellate review in first-degree murder cases, and whether life without parole is a sufficient penalty for the most serious homicides. The bill would likely face opposition from those who believe capital punishment should remain available as the ultimate sanction.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

MO SB465

Repeals provisions relating to the death penalty

MO HB118

Abolishes the death penalty and specifies that any person sentenced to death must be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole

MO HB843

Abolishes the death penalty and specifies that any person sentenced to death must be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole

MO HB994

Abolishes the death penalty and specifies that any person sentenced to death must be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole

MO HB1045

Modifies the offense of murder in the first degree

MO SB531

Modifies the offense of murder in the first degree

MO SB575

Modifies provisions relating to criminal offenses, including murder in the first degree and stealing

MO SB449

Modifies provisions relating to minimum prison terms

MO SB251

Modifies provisions relating to minimum prison terms

MO SB281

Modifies provisions relating to minimum prison terms

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