West Virginia 2026 Regular Session

West Virginia House Bill HB5540

Introduced
2/16/26  

Caption

Relating to due process and rights

Summary

House Bill 5540 would add a new section to West Virginia law requiring that any person arrested for an alleged civil or criminal violation be afforded due process and be advised of core constitutional rights at the time of arrest or questioning. Specifically, the bill requires notice of the right to remain silent, the right to have an attorney present during questioning, and the warning that statements may be used against the person in court. The bill is framed as a codification of existing due process protections, particularly the familiar Miranda-style warnings associated with custodial interrogation. By placing these requirements into the state code, the bill would make these advisements an explicit statutory duty in West Virginia for arrests involving both civil and criminal violations.

Impact

HB5540 would amend the West Virginia Code by adding §61-11-28 to Article 11, creating an express statutory due process provision tied to arrest procedures. Its practical effect would be to reinforce law enforcement obligations to provide warnings about silence, counsel, and self-incrimination, and it could be cited in disputes over arrest and interrogation practices involving both criminal and civil enforcement actions.

Sentiment

No committee transcript or vote record is available for HB5540, so there is no documented debate or recorded sentiment from legislative proceedings in the provided materials. Based on the bill text alone, the measure appears rights-protective and procedural in nature, with an emphasis on clarifying and codifying existing protections rather than creating a new enforcement regime.

Contention

The main potential point of contention is whether the bill merely restates protections already required under constitutional law or whether it imposes additional statutory obligations on officers and agencies. Another possible issue is the bill’s application to arrests for civil violations as well as criminal ones, which could raise questions about scope, implementation, and whether the same warnings are appropriate in all enforcement contexts. No specific supporters or opponents are identified in the available record.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

WV HB2146

Exempting the processing of beef, pork or lamb by a slaughterhouse for an individual owner of the product processed from the Consumer Sales and Service Tax

WV SB596

Relating to parents' Bill of Rights

WV HB2288

Relating to authorizing the Department of Agriculture to promulgate a legislative rule relating to West Virginia fish processing

WV SB10

Exempting certain meat processes from consumers sales and service tax

WV HB2201

Establishing process for adoptions resulting from juveline abuse and neglect proceedings

WV HB2129

Creating the Parents Bill of Rights.

WV HB2383

Relating to the creation of the Criminal Forfeiture Process Act replacing the West Virginia Contraband Forfeiture Act

WV HB2368

Relating to formerly incarcerated individuals voting rights

WV HB2118

Relating to Off Duty LEO and LEOSA Exemptions

WV SB591

Creating Criminal Forfeiture Process Act to replace West Virginia Contraband Forfeiture Act

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.