Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

Vermont House Bill H0461

Introduced
3/11/25  
Refer
3/11/25  
Engrossed
3/21/25  
Refer
3/26/25  
Report Pass
5/1/25  
Refer
5/1/25  
Report Pass
5/7/25  
Report Pass
5/7/25  
Report Pass
5/8/25  
Report Pass
5/8/25  
Enrolled
5/16/25  

Caption

An act relating to expanding employee access to unpaid leave

Summary

This bill expands Vermont’s unpaid leave laws by broadening who qualifies as a family member, adding new leave categories, and clarifying documentation and notice rules. It updates definitions to explicitly include domestic partners, civil union partners, same-sex and LGBTQ+ family structures, in loco parentis relationships, and people for whom an employee provides parent-like caregiving. It also revises parental leave to cover pregnancy, recovery from childbirth or miscarriage, bonding after birth, and adoption or foster placement of children up to age 18. The bill also creates or formalizes leave for bereavement, safe leave, and qualifying exigencies related to military service. Bereavement leave may be used for up to two weeks of the 12-week leave entitlement, including estate administration. Safe leave allows time off for victims or alleged victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking to seek services, recover, relocate, plan for safety, or interact with law enforcement or prosecutors, with self-attestation allowed in some cases. Short-term family leave is also expanded to cover more family relationships and caregiving situations, including school activities, routine medical appointments, professional care appointments, and medical emergencies involving family members. In practical terms, the bill amends 21 V.S.A. §§ 471, 472, and 472a, which govern Vermont’s family and parental leave framework. It increases the scope of protected leave, clarifies employer documentation rights and employee privacy protections, and preserves the ability of employers to offer more generous leave policies or be bound by stronger collective bargaining agreements. The act takes effect July 1, 2025. The overall sentiment reflected in the bill text is strongly supportive of expanding access to leave and making the law more inclusive and equitable. The stated legislative intent emphasizes reducing burdens on LGBTQ+ families, low-income workers, and people in nontraditional family structures, suggesting a policy goal of broadening protections rather than limiting them. No committee transcript or vote record was provided, so there is no additional recorded debate or vote-based sentiment to assess. Because no discussion transcript or voting history is available, there are no documented points of contention in the provided materials. Based on the text alone, likely areas of interest would be the expanded definition of family, the new safe leave documentation options including self-attestation, the inclusion of bereavement leave within the existing leave bank, and the broader parental leave coverage for adoption and foster care up to age 18.

Impact

The bill amends Vermont’s family leave statutes to expand eligibility, covered relationships, and qualifying reasons for unpaid leave under 21 V.S.A. §§ 471, 472, and 472a. It affects employers covered by the state leave law by requiring them to recognize a broader set of family relationships, provide leave for safe leave and qualifying exigencies, and accept specified forms of documentation for bereavement and safe leave. Employees gain broader job-protected unpaid leave rights, while employer obligations regarding reinstatement, notice, and confidentiality are clarified and preserved.

Sentiment

The bill’s stated purpose and structure indicate a favorable, expansion-oriented sentiment. It is framed as an equity measure designed to align Vermont’s leave policies with inclusive standards and to improve access for LGBTQ+ families, workers with low income, and people in nontraditional caregiving arrangements. No committee testimony or recorded votes were provided, so the available record shows support in the enacted text but does not reveal any formal opposition or divided vote.

Contention

No committee transcripts or vote history were provided, so there are no documented points of contention in the supplied materials. Potentially sensitive issues suggested by the text include the broadened definition of family, the inclusion of domestic partners and in loco parentis relationships, the addition of safe leave with self-attestation as an acceptable form of documentation, and the expansion of parental leave to cover adoption and foster placements up to age 18. These provisions could raise questions for employers about verification, administrative burden, and leave management, but no specific objections are recorded here.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

VT SB1149

An act to amend Section 12945.7 of the Government Code, relating to employment.

VT HB1241

Labor and Employment - Bereavement Leave and Leave for Family Illness - Qualifying Relationships and Type of Leave

VT SB785

Labor and Employment - Unpaid Parental Leave - Definition of Employer

VT HB1792

To Require Employers To Provide Unpaid Leave On Veterans Day To Veteran Employees.

VT SB01427

An Act Expanding Paid Family And Medical Leave Insurance Program Benefits To Certain School Employees.

VT SB01032

An Act Expanding Paid Family And Medical Leave To All Employees.

VT SB5101

AN ACT Relating to expanding access to leave and safety accommodations to include workers who are victims of hate crimes or bias incidents;

VT HB3419

Creates new provisions relating to employee compensation, reinstating certain minimum wage adjustments, implementing earned paid sick leave, and bereavement leave

VT HB899

Providing for the right for employees to paid sick leave from employers and for civil penalties and remedies.

VT HB1761

expanding the New Hampshire paid family and medical leave program.

Similar Bills

KY HB24

AN ACT relating to employment schedules.

KY HB631

AN ACT relating to employment schedules.

MD HB102

Family and Medical Leave Insurance Program - Revisions

MD SB225

Family and Medical Leave Insurance Program – Application Year and Participation of Self–Employed Individuals

OH SB183

Require certain construction industry employers to use E-verify

OH HB246

Require certain construction industry employers to use E-verify

MD HB0102

Education - Dependent Children of Active Service Members - Advance Enrollment Procedures

WI SB1001

The establishment of a family and medical leave insurance program; family leave to care for a family member and for the active duty of a family member; the employers that must allow an employee to take family or medical leave; allowing a local government to adopt ordinances requiring employers to provide leave benefits; providing an exemption from emergency rule procedures; providing an exemption from rule-making procedures; granting rule-making authority; making an appropriation; and providing a penalty. (FE)