US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB636

Introduced
 
Introduced
2/19/25  

Caption

Public Safety Employer-Employee Cooperation Act

Summary

SB 636, the Public Safety Employer-Employee Cooperation Act, would create a federal framework for collective bargaining rights for public safety officers employed by states and local governments. The bill covers law enforcement officers, firefighters, and emergency medical services employees, and it sets out core rights to form and join labor organizations, have exclusive representation, bargain over wages, hours, and working conditions, and use binding interest arbitration to resolve bargaining impasses. It also prohibits strikes, lockouts, sickouts, slowdowns, and similar job actions that would disrupt emergency services. The bill directs the Federal Labor Relations Authority to determine, state by state, whether existing state law already substantially provides these rights and responsibilities. If a state does not, the Authority would issue regulations establishing minimum collective bargaining procedures for that state, with judicial review available in federal court. The bill also preserves existing collective bargaining agreements and certifications, and it does not preempt state laws that already provide comparable or greater protections. It includes special treatment for small political subdivisions and states that do not require bargaining over pension, retirement, or health benefits.

Impact

If enacted, the bill would add a federal overlay to public-sector labor law for state and local public safety personnel, while allowing states with comparable systems to remain outside the federal regulatory scheme. It would expand the role of the Federal Labor Relations Authority into determining state compliance, supervising representation elections, resolving unfair labor practice complaints, and enforcing bargaining obligations for covered public safety employers. The bill would affect state statutes, local ordinances, public employee relations boards, police and fire departments, EMS agencies, labor organizations, and existing collective bargaining units and memoranda of understanding.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and the absence of recorded committee debate or votes in the provided materials, the overall sentiment appears supportive of collective bargaining rights for first responders, with an emphasis on labor-management cooperation, public safety, and continuity of emergency services. The findings section frames bargaining as beneficial to morale, service quality, and national security, and the bill is structured to preserve stronger state laws rather than displace them. No formal vote history or transcript evidence is provided showing opposition or amendment activity.

Contention

The main points of contention likely concern federalism, state sovereignty, and the extent of federal preemption over public-sector labor relations. States with existing public safety bargaining laws may object to federal review of whether their laws are sufficient, while states without such laws may resist being brought under federal procedures. Additional likely disputes involve binding interest arbitration, the prohibition on strikes, whether pension and health benefits must be bargained, and the bill’s treatment of small jurisdictions and categories of supervisory, management, and confidential employees.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

US HB1505

Public Safety Employer-Employee Cooperation Act

US S2095

"Government Reality Check Act"; prohibits public employers from providing certain benefits to public employees; restricts gifts to public employees; restricts travel by public employees; imposes post-employment restriction on public contracting employees.

US HB797

Employment Discrimination - Fire and Rescue Public Safety Employees - Use of Medical Cannabis

US SB1023

Employment Discrimination - Fire and Rescue Public Safety Employees - Use of Medical Cannabis

US HB0797

Employment Discrimination - Fire and Rescue Public Safety Employees - Use of Medical Cannabis

US SB439

Employment Discrimination - Fire and Rescue Public Safety Employees - Use of Medical Cannabis

US SB921

Employment: employer contributions: employee withholdings: credit: agricultural employees.

US SB628

Employment: employer contributions: employee withholdings: credit: agricultural employees.

US SB895

Employment - Wages - Deductions for Public Employees

US HB1704

permitting public employees to bargain individually with public employers without any intervention.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.