US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB4397

Introduced
 
Introduced
4/27/26  

Caption

Sound Science Act of 2026

Summary

The Sound Science Act of 2026 would amend the federal Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to change how EPA develops chemical testing rules, conducts risk evaluations, and documents final decisions. The bill directs EPA to use “technically feasible” testing methodologies, consider intended and known uses of chemicals, and update testing plans more regularly. It also expands public notice and comment around testing methods and strategies, and requires greater use of OECD test guidelines where appropriate. The bill would also reshape EPA’s chemical risk evaluation process by narrowing the hazards and exposures the agency must consider, requiring consideration of exposure limits set by other federal agencies, and directing EPA not to assume noncompliance with other applicable laws such as OSHA standards. It adds an interagency review process so federal departments can comment on critical uses, alternatives, and supply-chain impacts, and it instructs EPA to select risk-management requirements that are cost-effective and do not create greater risks. Additional provisions require EPA to disclose scientific assessments relied upon in final actions, strengthen scientific standards, and mandate in-person peer review for certain risk evaluations.

Impact

If enacted, the bill would amend multiple sections of TSCA, especially sections 4, 6, and 26, and would constrain and formalize EPA’s authority in chemical testing, risk evaluation, and risk management. It would require EPA to account more explicitly for other federal agencies’ standards and expertise, including OSHA, and would make scientific assessments and peer review more central to final agency actions. The changes would affect chemical manufacturers, downstream users, workers, and regulated industries by potentially altering the pace, scope, and basis of federal chemical regulation.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and available context, the measure appears to be framed positively by its sponsor as a transparency and scientific-rigor bill, emphasizing coordination, accountability, and standardized methods. There is no recorded committee debate or vote history in the provided materials, so no direct evidence of broader support or opposition is available. The overall tone of the legislation is technocratic and deregulatory, with an emphasis on process, evidence, and interagency consistency.

Contention

The main points of contention likely concern how much discretion EPA should retain in chemical risk regulation. Supporters would likely favor the bill’s emphasis on scientific standards, peer review, interagency coordination, and cost-effectiveness, while critics may view the changes as narrowing EPA’s ability to act on chemical risks, especially by limiting exposure considerations, requiring deference to other agencies’ standards, and adding procedural hurdles. Potentially contentious provisions include the requirement to consider only certain hazards and exposures, the instruction not to assume noncompliance with other laws, and the mandate for in-person peer review and expanded interagency comment periods.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

US HB9186

Controlled Substances Act Clarification in Sciences Act of 2026

US HB1291

HEARTS Act of 2025 Humane and Existing Alternatives in Research and Testing Sciences Act of 2025

US SB599

Creating Sound Science in Regulations Act

US HB7890

Science of Reading Act of 2026

US HB2493

Creating the Sound Science in Regulations Act

US SB1385

Organic Science and Research Investment Act of 2025

US HB5703

Organic Science and Research Investment Act of 2025

US HB6591

Computer Science for All Act of 2025

US HB5342

Science Appropriations Act, 2026 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 2026 Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2026

US SB822

Scientific EXPERT Act of 2025 Scientific External Process for Educated Review of Therapeutics Act of 2025

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