US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB431

Introduced
 
Introduced
2/5/25  

Caption

A bill to amend section 1030 of title 18, United States Code, to include conspiracy in the offenses and penalties relating to computer fraud.

Summary

SB 431, titled the Cyber Conspiracy Modernization Act, would amend the federal computer fraud statute in 18 U.S.C. § 1030 to treat conspiracies to commit computer fraud more like completed attempts under the law. The bill adds “conspiracy” to the list of conduct covered by the penalty provisions of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, so that people who conspire to violate the statute can face the same or similar penalties as those who attempt to do so. It also makes conforming changes in the penalty subsections to ensure conspiracies to cause certain harms are expressly included. In practical terms, the bill expands federal criminal liability for cyber-related offenses by closing a gap in the existing statute. It would give prosecutors clearer authority to charge and punish coordinated plans to commit computer intrusions, unauthorized access, or related fraud even when the underlying offense is not completed. The measure is a targeted amendment to federal criminal law and does not create a new standalone cybercrime; instead, it modifies the penalty structure of an existing statute.

Impact

The bill would amend Title 18 of the U.S. Code, section 1030, which is the core federal computer fraud and abuse statute. By inserting conspiracy language into the penalty provisions, it would broaden the reach of federal cybercrime enforcement and potentially increase exposure for individuals involved in planning or agreeing to commit computer fraud. The affected parties are defendants, prosecutors, and victims of cyber intrusions, with the practical effect of making it easier to pursue organized cybercriminal conduct before a completed attack occurs.

Sentiment

Available context suggests the bill was introduced with bipartisan sponsorship by Senators Rounds and Gillibrand and referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee without recorded opposition in the provided materials. The absence of committee transcripts or votes indicates no documented controversy in the supplied record, and the bill appears to have been presented as a technical modernization of cybercrime penalties rather than a broader policy fight. Overall sentiment in the available record is neutral to supportive.

Contention

No specific points of contention are documented in the provided materials, but the likely policy issue is whether expanding conspiracy liability under the computer fraud statute could broaden federal criminal exposure too far or, conversely, whether it is necessary to address modern cyber threats. Supporters would likely emphasize closing enforcement gaps against coordinated hacking schemes, while any critics might focus on overcriminalization, prosecutorial discretion, or the risk of sweeping in lower-level participants. Because no hearing or vote record is included, these concerns are inferred rather than expressly stated.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

US HB3009

Relating to the qualifying offenses and related information included in the Department of Public Safety's computerized central database of offenders who have committed certain violent offenses.

US HB2217

Relating to penalties for conspiracy to commit murder

US SB2376

A bill to amend title 18, United States Code, to include rioting in the definition of racketeering activity.

US SB2510

Gaming; include online, interactive and computerized versions thereof, increase penalties, and authorize forfeiture.

US HB61

Leading Against White Supremacy Act of 2023 This bill expands federal hate crime offenses to include acts motivated by white supremacy. The bill also establishes a standard for determining whether a person engaged in a white supremacy inspired hate crime, sets forth the elements of related conspiracies, and authorizes the Department of Justice to investigate, prosecute, and maintain records of white supremacy inspired hate crimes and related conspiracies.

US HB1335

A BILL to amend the Code of Virginia by adding in Article 7 of Chapter 6 of Title 18.2 a section numbered 18.2-213.3, relating to fraudulent insurance acts; civil penalty.

US SB2104

Gaming; include online, interactive and computerized versions thereof, increase penalties, and authorize forfeiture.

US HB4620

To amend title 18, United States Code, to include rioting in the definition of racketeering activity.

US SB3484

A bill to amend section 3634 of title 18, United States Code, to extend the period for First Step Act reports.

US SB2321

Computer fraud; amend provision to mirror federal, criminal elements.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.