US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB1059

Introduced
 
Introduced
3/13/25  

Caption

One Agency Act

Summary

SB1059, titled the One Agency Act, would consolidate federal antitrust enforcement authority in the Department of Justice and remove that role from the Federal Trade Commission. The bill states that overlapping jurisdiction between the FTC and DOJ has wasted resources, created uncertainty, and hindered enforcement, and it designates the DOJ as the primary federal antitrust enforcer. It defines the antitrust laws covered as the Sherman Act and Clayton Act, and it sets up a transition period during which FTC antitrust functions, personnel, assets, funding, and open matters would be transferred to the DOJ. The bill would also bar the FTC from starting new antitrust investigations or actions after the effective date, except in limited circumstances tied to ongoing matters and with Attorney General approval. It gives the Attorney General authority to assume or continue pending FTC antitrust cases, manage existing consent decrees, issue necessary rules, and restructure the DOJ Antitrust Division to carry out the transfer. The bill further amends a wide range of federal statutes to replace FTC references with the Attorney General or DOJ, including merger notification, international antitrust cooperation, and several consumer-protection-related laws that currently reference FTC antitrust authority. Its practical effect would be a major reorganization of federal antitrust law enforcement, shifting responsibility from an independent agency to the executive branch’s law-enforcement department. That would affect the FTC’s Bureau of Competition and related economics staff, as well as businesses subject to merger review, investigations, and consent decrees. It would also alter statutory procedures across multiple laws by removing the FTC from antitrust-related roles and centralizing those functions in the DOJ. The general sentiment reflected in the bill text is strongly supportive of consolidation and efficiency, with the sponsors arguing that a single enforcement agency would reduce duplication and improve effectiveness. Because there are no committee transcripts or recorded votes provided, there is no additional evidence of broader legislative support or opposition in the available materials. The bill’s framing suggests a deregulatory or streamlining rationale rather than a policy expansion, but the actual level of support is not shown in the record provided. The main point of contention is likely the loss of FTC antitrust authority and the concentration of power in the DOJ. Supporters would view the change as eliminating overlap and confusion, while critics may argue it weakens the FTC’s independent enforcement role, disrupts ongoing matters, and reduces institutional checks by moving antitrust enforcement fully under the Attorney General. The bill also raises transition and implementation issues, including how pending cases, confidential information, and existing agreements would be handled during the transfer.

Impact

SB1059 would substantially amend federal antitrust enforcement law by transferring FTC antitrust functions, personnel, records, funding, and ongoing matters to the Department of Justice and the Attorney General. It would also revise the Clayton Act, the FTC Act, the Webb-Pomerene Act, the International Antitrust Enforcement Assistance Act, and other statutes to remove or replace FTC references with DOJ authority, while limiting the FTC’s ability to initiate new antitrust actions after the effective date.

Sentiment

The bill is presented in a favorable light by its sponsors, who argue that consolidating antitrust enforcement in one agency will improve efficiency, reduce duplication, and create more certainty for businesses and consumers. No committee transcript or vote data is available here, so there is no recorded evidence of opposition or support beyond the bill’s own findings and sponsor list. Overall, the available materials suggest a reform-minded, pro-consolidation posture, but not a measured legislative consensus.

Contention

The central controversy is whether antitrust enforcement should remain split between the FTC and DOJ or be centralized entirely in the DOJ. Supporters of the bill argue that overlapping jurisdiction wastes resources and complicates enforcement, while likely opponents would be concerned about eliminating the FTC’s independent role, concentrating enforcement power in the executive branch, and disrupting ongoing investigations and consent decrees. Implementation details—such as transfer of staff, confidential information, and pending cases—are also potential sources of concern.

Companion Bills

US HB384

Related bill One Agency Act

Previously Filed As

US HB384

One Agency ActThis bill consolidates federal antitrust enforcement authority in one department by transferring the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) antitrust functions, employees, assets, and funding to the Department of Justice (DOJ).The bill provides a one-year period for DOJ to implement the transition and allows DOJ to extend the period once for an additional 180 days. During the transition period, DOJ may restructure the department's antitrust division and deputize FTC antitrust employees to investigate and prosecute antitrust violations on behalf of DOJ prior to the completion of the transfer of personnel from the FTC to DOJ.DOJ is also authorized to require businesses to file annual or special reports about the business’s organization, conduct, practices, management, and relationship to other businesses filing such reports.

US SB626

SOCIAL MEDIA Act Stopping Online Confusion for Investigative Agencies and Law-enforcement by Maintaining Evidence Determined Interparty Arrangements Act

US SB232

Preventing Algorithmic Collusion Act of 2025

US S0898

Online Media Transparency

US HB8779

PBM Act

US SB4509

PBM Act

US SB5122

AN ACT Relating to enacting the uniform antitrust premerger notification act;

US S0922

Employment Agreements

US SB2203

State agency property; authorize DFA as central leasing agent for all state agencies.

US HB1414

State agency property; authorize DFA as central leasing agent for all state agencies.

Similar Bills

US HB384

One Agency ActThis bill consolidates federal antitrust enforcement authority in one department by transferring the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) antitrust functions, employees, assets, and funding to the Department of Justice (DOJ).The bill provides a one-year period for DOJ to implement the transition and allows DOJ to extend the period once for an additional 180 days. During the transition period, DOJ may restructure the department's antitrust division and deputize FTC antitrust employees to investigate and prosecute antitrust violations on behalf of DOJ prior to the completion of the transfer of personnel from the FTC to DOJ.DOJ is also authorized to require businesses to file annual or special reports about the business’s organization, conduct, practices, management, and relationship to other businesses filing such reports.

MN SF2269

Certain activities regulation by social media platforms

CA SB25

Antitrust: premerger notification.

HI SB348

Relating To The Uniform Antitrust Pre-merger Notification Act.

HI SB348

Relating To The Uniform Antitrust Pre-merger Notification Act.

CA AB1776

Cartwright Act: violations.

OH HB665

Regulate the use of pricing algorithms

US SB130

Competition and Antitrust Law Enforcement Reform Act of 2025