Transcript Highlights:

• :03:34.239><c> safety</c> utility strikes, outages and safety utility strikes, outages and safety hazards
• :36.560><c> a</c><00:03:37.519><c> uh</c><00:03:38.080><c> large</c><00:03:39.040><c> project</c> hazards
• Um there's a uh large project hazards.

Bills: SB95 , HB322 , SB95 , HB322

Committee: House Transportation, Utilities and Infrastructure

Keywords: underground facilities, excavation safety, One-Call Notification System, utility protection, public safety, underground damage prevention, notification system, construction safety, pipeline protection, utility management, Alabama Municipal Electric Authority, director compensation, municipality, electricity supply, board of directors, postpartum depression, postnatal care, maternal mental health, perinatal depression, postpartum screening

Transcript Highlights:

• Loyola High School called us to inform us Braun was not only graduating in the top ten in his class,
• That was five days before high school graduation.
• I finished probation successfully and graduated from high school.
• Illegal dumping creates environmental hazards, fire risks, and public health concerns.
• The dust clouds were stories high.

Summary: The committee first heard SB 907, which would strengthen California DUI laws in several ways, including mandatory Watson advisements when DUI charges are reduced, judicial discretion for consecutive sentences in cases with multiple victims, enhancements for repeat felony DUI offenders and certain hit-and-run cases, and adding vehicular manslaughter offenses to the violent felony list. The author and supporters, including prosecutors, law enforcement, and victims’ family members, described the bill as a response to repeated, preventable tragedies and argued it would close loopholes and increase accountability. Opponents, including criminal defense and civil liberties groups, raised concerns about duplicative penalties, legal overreach, and the violent-felony and sentencing provisions. Committee members were divided but generally supportive of stronger DUI enforcement; the bill was moved out on a do-pass-as-amended motion to Appropriations, with the three-strikes provision removed and the bill kept on call. The committee then heard SB 1015, aimed at online child exploitation and extortion networks. The bill would create a new offense for adults who recruit, direct, coerce, or use minors to harm or exploit other children, and it would also allow limited misdemeanor or felony charges for minors engaged in extreme coercive conduct, with diversion available for juveniles. Supporters, including sheriffs, district attorneys, and child-safety advocates, said the bill addresses a fast-growing cybercrime problem involving grooming, blackmail, self-harm, and organized online groups using minors as intermediaries. Opponents argued existing laws already cover much of the conduct and warned against criminalizing adolescent behavior, urging the Legislature instead to focus on platform accountability. The committee nevertheless advanced the bill on a do-pass-as-amended motion to Appropriations, with members emphasizing the need to address evolving online harms. The committee also heard SB 1285, which would clarify that juvenile court dismissals under Welfare and Institutions Code section 782 remain a broad “general dismissal” remedy, separate from record sealing, so that eligible youth can more fully avoid future collateral consequences. Supporters said the bill would restore the intended effect of prior juvenile justice reforms and help young people access employment, education, military service, and licensure without lingering barriers. There was no opposition after one group withdrew its objection, and the bill was moved to the floor on a do-pass motion. SB 1342 followed, a technical cleanup measure for automatic record clearance laws that would prevent outdated pending charges from blocking relief, require local court records to match DOJ updates, and create a way for people to obtain written proof of clearance; it also advanced to Appropriations. Finally, SB 1330 was heard to extend existing assault-and-battery protections for certain workers to utility workers; supporters described rising assaults and even shootings against crews, while one utility worker opposed the bill as only increasing penalties after the fact rather than preventing attacks. The bill was moved out on a do-pass motion and left on call.

Transcript Highlights:

• That was five days before high school graduation.
• I finished probation successfully and graduated from high school.
• Illegal dumping creates environmental hazards, fire risks, and public health concerns.
• Illegal dumping creates environmental hazards, fire risks, and public health concerns.
• The dust clouds were stories high.

Committee: Senate Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:

• This includes a high-level overview. The Office of Energy Infrastructure Safety.
• So I think that maybe there are two kind of high-level responses to that.
• That is in part because there was such a high demand.
• There's a high cost to replace them.
• At airloom carbon, we are deeply committed to the high road carbon management.

Summary: The committee hearing focused heavily on CARB’s broad trailer bill request for regulatory fee authority. Finance and CARB argued the proposal would let CARB develop fees to recover reasonable costs for implementing and enforcing regulations, while the LAO recommended rejection because the authority was too broad, could apply to an entire division of code, and would delegate core legislative taxing/fee-setting power without enough guardrails. Members from both parties raised concerns about the breadth of the authority, accountability, affordability impacts, and whether the Legislature would be put in an up-or-down position after CARB had already developed regulations. CARB responded that fees would still go through a budget change proposal and legislative approval before collection, and cited existing examples such as transport refrigeration units and commercial harborcraft fees. The committee then reviewed CARB’s request for permanent resources to implement SB 905 on carbon capture, utilization, storage, and carbon dioxide removal. CARB said the Legislature had previously authorized limited-term positions and funding, but it had struggled to recruit and retain staff with specialized regulatory and technical expertise, and that the work had included pre-rulemaking contracts, technology review, and permit-related preparation. Members questioned the pace of work, the use of limited-term positions, and whether additional permitting authority would be needed. CARB said it hoped to begin rulemaking later in the year if permanent resources were approved. Members also discussed the cap-and-trade spending plan, noting lower-than-expected auction revenues but higher interest earnings, and the need to monitor the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund and possible May Revision changes. The committee then heard overviews of the zero-emission vehicle package, the Community Air Protection Program, demand-side grid support, and e-bike incentives. CARB described ongoing investments in community-based transportation equity, drayage trucks, harbor craft, and other clean technology demonstrations, while members pressed on affordability, program duplication, and whether enough funding was being directed to incentive programs. No formal votes were taken during the portion provided, and the chair repeatedly indicated that the hearing was intended to surface concerns for later budget negotiations.

Transcript Highlights:

• I was a former wrestler at Baguaria High School under the leadership of Coach Dick Rhodess.
• Speaker, threats against lawmakers are at all-time highs.
• </c> After graduating from El Diamonte High After graduating from El Diamonte High School,<07:23:51.040
• </c> High School with strength and pride. High School with strength and pride.
• </c><07:31:35.360><c> School</c> minds from Martin County High School minds from Martin County High School

Transcript Highlights:

• And so they really from high school.
• </c> send their kids to a private high send their kids to a private high school. school. school.
• </c> &gt;&gt; next just has high school students. &gt;&gt; next just has high school students.
• </c> &gt;&gt; Does Northwoods send all their high &gt;&gt; Does Northwoods send all their high school
• Representative<02:09:32.000><c> Dam.</c><02:09:32.480><c> Yeah,</c> Representative Dam.

Summary: The meeting began with approval of the October 15 minutes and a brief discussion of the committee’s report process, including the likelihood of a minority report and a deadline of November 1 for any separate report. Members then heard from Jod Adams of the New Hampshire Alliance for Public Charter Schools, who gave an overview of charter schools in the state: there are 37 charter schools, with 6,034 students last year, and schools are formed by certified teachers, parents, or nonprofit organizations. She said charter schools receive about $9,180 per pupil in adequacy aid and charter school grant funding, must fundraise for additional money, and are governed by their own boards under their charters and bylaws. Members asked about admissions, governance, transportation, and special education. Adams said charter schools are open enrollment, not geographically based, and may use lotteries when applications exceed available seats. She explained that districts and charter schools coordinate on special education and busing, with the sending district responsible for special education coordination and certain transportation obligations depending on where the student lives and attends. She also said charter schools are public schools, not selective, and that each school’s board operates independently of the local district school board, though some schools may have special arrangements. A substantial portion of the discussion focused on funding and statutory obligations. Adams and members discussed how special education aid follows the student, while charter schools do not receive some district-level aid such as catastrophic aid; free and reduced lunch funding and Title funds can go to charter schools. Members also raised concerns that some state laws and administrative rules do not clearly specify whether they apply to charter schools, creating confusion and, in some cases, causing districts to perform services such as dyslexia screening for charter students without additional funding. Adams agreed that clearer statutory language would help and noted that charter schools are subject to many state requirements, including testing and reporting, even though not every public-school rule applies to them.

Transcript Highlights:

• Mark Twain, Clarence Dam.
• probably already being done by some utilities, and we want to ensure that all utilities set the same high
• able to just knock down timber, leave it all laying on the side of the road, stumps, you know, waist high

Committee: House Special Committee on Rural Issues

Summary: The Special Committee on Rural Issues heard House Bill 3375, sponsored by Rep. Koslow, a broad eminent domain reform measure aimed at protecting landowners, especially farmers and ranchers. The bill would create protections for beginning farmers and ranchers, require 15 days’ notice before surveyors enter property, extend the response period in eminent domain cases from 10 days to 60 days, bar eminent domain for wind and solar facilities, require land restoration and maintenance after construction, increase compensation to 125% of fair market value in certain cases, add tax-liability compensation, change treatment of heritage and blight-related compensation, and allow attorney’s fees when a landowner wins a higher award than the condemning authority offered. Members raised concerns about the bill’s scope, its effect on energy development, and several drafting and implementation issues, including surveyor access, maintenance standards, and whether the bill could create conflicts with existing attorney-fee provisions. The sponsor said he was open to changes and noted that an HCS would address some drafting errors and feedback. Testimony in support came from the Missouri Farm Bureau, Missouri Cattlemen’s Association, a landowner/banker, and attorney Brent Hayden, who argued that landowners are often pressured into quick, low offers and should be treated as partners rather than obstacles. Supporters said the bill would improve transparency, due process, compensation, and restoration standards, and that it would not stop infrastructure development. Hayden described current eminent domain practice as giving landowners little leverage over route selection or restoration and said the bill would create needed discipline for condemning authorities. Several supporters also defended the wind-and-solar restriction as a response to the amount of land those projects can require and to concerns about using eminent domain for generation projects. Opposition came from the Missouri Energy Development Association, municipal utilities, and MoDOT. Opponents said they agreed some reforms may be reasonable but warned the bill, as written, could increase costs, delay projects, and create litigation risk that would ultimately be passed on to customers and taxpayers. MoDOT said the fiscal impact could be substantial, potentially doubling annual right-of-way spending. Utility representatives also cautioned that the bill could conflict with existing attorney-fee rules and should be aligned with compromise language from other legislation. The hearing ended without a vote or committee action, with the sponsor and witnesses indicating further negotiations and possible revisions were expected.

Transcript Highlights:

• a consent decree was developed at that time, the boundaries were set, um, on from the west side of High
• Ridge Road, High Range Road in Londonderry, some parts of Bedford, Merrimack.
• very hazardous and it comes<00:25:31.200><c> from</c><00:25:31.919><c> uh</c><00:25:32.080><c> at</c
• Ridge Road, High Range Road in Londonderry, some parts of Bedford, Merrimack.
• Side of High Ridge Road, High Range Road in Londonderry, some parts of Bedford, Merrimack.

Committee: House Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• budget during a time of fiscal constraint while providing critical investments that contribute to a high
• budget during a time of fiscal constraint while providing critical investments that contribute to a high
• budget during a time of fiscal constraint while providing critical investments that contribute to a high
• priority that I want to touch on is high priority that I want to touch on is the<00:48:41.319><c> uh
• qualify as a hazardous waste or a<00:54:24.040><c> hazardous</c><00:54:24.480><c> pollutant</c><00:54

Committee: Senate Environment, Climate, and Legacy

Transcript Highlights:

• And I'm an individual that has some pretty high capacity.
• SB 96 helps remove obstacles while maintaining strong high-quality environments.
• materials, confined space, all hazardous response, as we call it.
• All hazardous response is what we call it.
• What are you looking for in an employee that comes to work high?

Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 20, a prior-authorization measure aimed at exempting certain medications and treatments for seriously mentally ill adults from repeat insurance prior authorization, while also extending prior authorization approvals to three years for chronic maintenance drugs. The sponsor described the bill as the latest in a series of bipartisan prior-authorization reforms and accepted an amendment from the Health Care Authority and the Office of the Superintendent of Insurance to apply the bill to adults only and to cover PBMs in the interagency purchasing collaborative. Supporters, including NAMI New Mexico and state health officials, argued the bill would reduce barriers to needed care, especially for mental health treatment. Opponents from health plans, PBMs, and insurers warned the bill was too broad, lacked clear definitions for serious mental illness and chronic conditions, created patient-safety concerns, and should have a shorter reauthorization period and later implementation date. After committee discussion, the sponsor agreed to work on a committee substitute, and the bill was rolled over for a later meeting. The committee then heard Senate Bill 53, the Chispa data privacy bill, which would impose broad limits on the collection, sale, and use of personal data, require opt-in consent for many uses, strengthen rights to access, correct, and delete data, and create enforcement mechanisms including a private right of action. Supporters from advocacy, women’s, behavioral health, reproductive health, and civil rights groups said the bill was needed to protect sensitive health and location data, prevent surveillance and criminalization, and give New Mexicans real control over their information. Business, technology, insurance, and hospital representatives opposed the bill, arguing it was more restrictive than other states’ privacy laws, would burden small businesses and health-related services, create compliance uncertainty, and risk limiting digital services and innovation. After extensive questioning about data breaches, opt-in consent, nonprofit exemptions, and the bill’s impact on businesses and health care access, a motion to table failed 5-4, and the committee then passed SB 53 on a 5-4 vote. The committee next heard Senate Bill 86, which updates the state’s harassment-by-telephone law to cover electronic communications such as social media, messaging apps, and email. The sponsor and a Las Cruces police chief said the change would modernize an outdated 1967 statute and help law enforcement address harassment and domestic violence through current technology. The bill drew support from the governor’s public safety advisor and the Greater Albuquerque Chamber of Commerce, and members asked a few clarifying questions about the wording. The committee approved SB 86 unanimously, 9-0. Finally, the committee began hearing Senate Bill 96, on regulated childcare zoning requirements, using a committee substitute. The sponsor and the Early Childhood Education and Care Department said the bill would reduce confusing zoning and fire-code barriers to opening or expanding child care homes and centers, helping address a statewide shortage of child care slots and supporting working families. The discussion began with the committee substitute and an explanation that the measure is intended to streamline local requirements and expand child care supply.

Transcript Highlights:

• friend, the honorable State Representative Lindsay Sabadosa, and many guests from Hampshire Regional High
• Welcome, everybody, and you're always welcome... ...from Hampshire Regional High School.
• There was nobody there, which is a safety hazard, right?

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Public Service

Summary: The Public Service Committee heard testimony on a series of retirement, public safety, and personnel bills. House Bill 5054 would allow a public safety employee in Peabody to use an affidavit when pre-employment medical records are missing, so a firefighter’s disability/retirement application can proceed. Representative Tom Walsh, Mayor Ted Bettencourt, Fire Chief Thomas Griffin, Fire Chief Jay Dowling, and Senator Joan Lovely all supported the bill, describing it as a fix for an administrative gap that has delayed a 27-year firefighter’s retirement. No committee questions were raised. The committee also heard testimony on House Bill 4698, which would authorize retirement benefits for Dale Kylie after a divorce altered the original beneficiary arrangement tied to his retirement option. Representative Donald Potham said the retirement board could not make the change without legislation. House Bill 3900 would raise the maximum age for Kingston special police officers to 70, with Representative Kathy LaNatra citing staffing shortages and unmanned details. House Bill 5159 would grant credible service to educator Sarah Shebelli for two years she worked as a paraprofessional at a charter school; she said the additional service would help her retire despite a degenerative eye disease. The committee then listed several other bills with no additional testimony, including measures involving continued employment or retirement issues for police officers in Pelham, New Bedford, Petersham, and Dayton, a retirement benefit transfer for a Massachusetts Maritime Academy professor, and a sick leave bank for a Department of Corrections employee. After confirming there was no further testimony, the committee voted to adjourn.

Transcript Highlights:

• Um, we did not get any funding for our high-risk rural highways.
• </c> play a critical role in filling high play a critical role in filling high demand<02:42:04.800><c
• Y'all said if I graduated from high school and if I got good grades that you'd help me go."
• Y'all said if I graduated from high up.
• </c> experiencing disproportionately high experiencing disproportionately high rates<03:54:25.760><c>

Transcript Highlights:

• We spend the balance of the money that is remaining in the KERS non-hazardous insurance fund.
• We spend the balance of the money that is remaining in the KERS non-hazardous insurance fund.
• </c><00:40:16.200><c> acuity</c> center and $35 million for a high acuity center and $35 million for
• a high acuity mental<00:40:17.360><c> health</c><00:40:17.640><c> facility.
• Joe was a high achiever, a member of the Order of the Arrow, a member of Alpha Phi Omega Fraternity,

Transcript Highlights:

• operating a vehicle on a public roadway with knowledge that the public roadway has been closed due to hazardous
• operating a vehicle on a public roadway with knowledge that the public roadway has been closed due to hazardous
• resources, volunteer firefighters, and mutual aid responders who may be traveling long distances under hazardous
• surgical mask, or other mask or device necessary to protect against toxin, gas, smoke, or another hazardous
• equipment, medical masks, or legitimate exceptions for undercover work, tactical operations, or hazardous

Bills: HB2165 , HB2173 , HB2203 , HB2293

Committee: House Community Safety

Keywords: peace officer, false identification, law enforcement, criminal penalties, public safety, face coverings, regulations, civil rights, emergency operations, reckless interference, offense, foreign entities, training, national security

Transcript Highlights:

• operating a vehicle on a public roadway with knowledge that the public roadway has been closed due to hazardous
• operating a vehicle on a public roadway with knowledge that the public roadway has been closed due to hazardous
• resources, volunteer firefighters, and mutual aid responders who may be traveling long distances under hazardous
• surgical mask, or other mask or device necessary to protect against toxin, gas, smoke, or another hazardous
• equipment, medical masks, or legitimate exceptions for undercover work, tactical operations, or hazardous

Summary: The House Community Safety Committee held public hearings on several bills. House Bill 2203 would create the offense of reckless interference with emergency operations for driving on a roadway known to be closed due to hazardous conditions, with gross misdemeanor penalties, a possible Class C felony enhancement if a rescue leads to injury or involves a minor or vulnerable adult, license suspension, and emergency-response cost recovery. The prime sponsor described recent flooding rescues in Orting as the impetus, and local police support emphasized responder safety and limited resources. The Sentencing Guidelines Commission opposed the felony section, saying the conduct did not warrant felony treatment and recommending a traffic infraction for the first level and a gross misdemeanor for the second. House Bill 2293 would bar Washington law enforcement agencies, the Criminal Justice Training Commission, and related personnel from training with foreign militaries, intelligence agencies, or security services, or funding travel for that purpose. The sponsor said civilian policing should not be trained like military service and argued officers should be trained under U.S. constitutional standards. Opponents from the sheriffs and police chiefs association argued the bill was too broad and unclear, could block valuable counterterrorism and best-practice training, and might need exemptions for Canada, Mexico, and other legitimate international partnerships. Members discussed possible amendments and clarification language. House Bill 2165 would create a new gross misdemeanor for false identification as a peace officer, covering possession or creation of realistic badges, insignia, or other items identifying someone as an officer when they are not commissioned, while preserving defenses for honorary, reserve, posse, and protected expressive uses. The sponsor and governor’s office said current law is too limited because it often requires an active impersonation before enforcement can occur; law enforcement groups supported the goal but raised concerns about definitions, vehicle markings, federal-agent coverage, and whether the offense could be plea-bargained away. House Bill 2173 would prohibit law enforcement officers from wearing facial coverings while interacting with the public, with exceptions for undercover work, SWAT protective gear, and medical or environmental masks, and would allow civil suits for violations. Supporters said the bill promotes transparency and trust and responds to concerns about masked immigration enforcement; opponents warned it could expose officers to doxxing, create liability and recruitment problems, and raise constitutional issues, especially as applied to federal officers. No votes were taken on any of the bills during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• removal of a derelict vessel or any other vessel, or, quote, vessel deemed to constitute a navigational hazard
• or a hazard to public safety or is determined to interfere with... ...to constitute a navigational hazard
• or a hazard to public safety or is determined to interfere with another vessel.
• threats to navigational safety and the environment, frequently containing debris, human waste, and hazardous
• Many also carry hazardous materials, such as fuel and oil stored in leaking containers.

Committee: Senate Environment and Natural Resources

Summary: The Committee on Environment and Natural Resources met with a quorum present and considered a series of environmental, water, waste, boating, and land-use bills. SB 834 on recreational fishing vessel licenses was briefly explained as aligning licensure rules for freshwater and saltwater captains and was reported favorably. SB 1208 on service lateral assessment and rehabilitation would require periodic CCTV inspections, a seven-year assessment cycle, and a long-term public database for sewer laterals; county representatives opposed it over private-property and cost concerns, but the bill was reported favorably. SB 978 on advanced wastewater treatments, as amended, would require DEP reports and a long-term prioritization plan for upgrading large wastewater facilities to advanced treatment; the committee adopted the amendment and then reported the bill favorably. The committee then took up SB 1822 on auxiliary containers, which would preempt local regulation of certain packaging and define the term in statute. The sponsor argued it would reduce a patchwork of local rules and help businesses, while opponents from environmental groups, local advocates, and some local governments warned it would weaken plastic and foam restrictions, including in parks and coastal communities. Despite substantial opposition and several senators expressing concern, the bill was reported favorably. The committee also approved CS for SB 384 on notice for annexation of state-owned lands, after a technical amendment requiring written or email notice to legislative delegations, and reported it favorably. SB 1008 on waste incineration would bar new ash-producing incinerators or waste-to-energy facilities within a half-mile of residential, commercial, or school property. The sponsor said the bill was aimed at preventing another fire-related incident like the Doral plant and clarified it was intended to apply only to new facilities, not existing ones; waste-to-energy and county representatives opposed it as too restrictive, while several senators sought clarifying changes. The bill was reported favorably. The committee also adopted a substitute amendment to CS for SB 594 on port channel and turning basin buffer zones, reducing the proposed anchoring setback from 5,000 feet to 2,500 feet and allowing ports to create buffer zones after public hearings and rulemaking; the bill was then reported favorably. Finally, SB 830 on lost or abandoned property, aimed at streamlining removal of migrant vessels that pose navigational and environmental hazards, was reported favorably after brief support testimony.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is the Tinsley High School class of 2027, our juniors.
• High School class of 2027, our juniors. High School class of 2027, our juniors.
• Well, we got two of high school cost?
• </c><01:42:04.880><c> They're</c> happen to be high priority. They're happen to be high priority.
• </c> It would be great if this were a high It would be great if this were a high number<01:45:31.760>

Transcript Highlights:

• They do represent 36 high schools. These girls work really hard.
• of the House and Murdock of the Senate, an act relating to the Oklahoma Motor Carrier Safety and Hazardous
• of the House and Murdock of the Senate, an act relating to the Oklahoma Motor Carrier Safety and Hazardous

Bills: HB4028 , HB4075 , HB4077 , HB4074 , HB4076 , SB1221 , SB1921 , SB2118 , SB1932 , SB2134 , HCR1025 , SB1432 , HCR1024 , HCR1022 , SB1122 , HB4029 , HB4063 , HB4073 , HB4078 , SB1936 , SB44 , SB237 , SB248 , SB1360 , SB985 , SB1204 , SB1239 , SB1307 , SB2143 , SB1428 , SB1390 , SB1400 , SB1405 , SB1732 , SB1832 , SB1859 , SB1989 , SB2018 , SB1427

Transcript Highlights:

• students would still be here, and it would have been fun to ask them, you know, how many of those high
• These rodents of unusual size are a problem and a hazard.
• These rodents of unusual size are a problem and a hazard.

Transcript Highlights:

• So if you recall, we have a high-level summary at the top of page one that breaks down what the base
• You'll see in this document, for each agency, a numbered list that includes some level of detail at a high
• For example, that funding for the UAS program historically has not been as high as $8 million.
• in regard to your question for that program specifically, you could say yes, there's definitely a high
• In order to qualify for WIOA, the job has to require training beyond high school, but cannot require

Summary: The Budget Section’s Commerce and Legal Services Division met to review the Department of Commerce base budget for the 2027-29 biennium and to receive an update on Commerce programs. Legislative Council staff first walked the committee through the “blue sheet” base budget summary, explaining the major line items, the large share of federal grant authority in Commerce’s budget, and the continuing appropriations that support several Commerce funds. Members asked how grant funding is coordinated across agencies, and staff said collaboration varies by program but is strong in areas like UAS and LIHEAP. Commerce Commissioner Chris Schilken then presented on current activities, focusing heavily on grant administration, transparency, and economic development programs. Members questioned how grant applicants are selected, whether Commerce tracks applications and return on investment, and how long grant awards take to reach recipients. The commissioner said Commerce uses scoring criteria, outside reviewers, a minimum 30-day application window, and typically completes awards within two to three months. A lengthy exchange followed over whether Commerce should open some grants only to intended recipients versus running competitive application processes; Commerce said it follows best-practice grantmaking and that its attorney in the Attorney General’s office approved that approach. Commerce also highlighted the North Dakota Development Fund, citing long-term investment and job creation results, examples such as Red Trail Energy, Packet Digital, Valiance, Corvent Medical, child care loans, and the Automate ND program. Members asked about acceptable failures, lessons learned, regional economic development coordination, and the expansion of the fund into non-primary sectors. Workforce Director Katie Ralston Howell then outlined a statewide workforce ecosystem review, a new governor’s workforce sub-cabinet, and three task forces focused on simplifying entry, warm handoffs, and data integration. She discussed the in-demand occupations list, Workforce Pell, apprenticeships, and efforts to better connect students with employers and higher education. Commerce also briefly reviewed housing programs and a new housing sub-cabinet. No votes were taken; the committee simply received testimony, asked questions, and adjourned after setting up the next meeting to hear the Attorney General budget in June.