Video & Transcript : 'Hawaii bonds' :

Page 84 of 410
ND

North Dakota 2026 1st Special Session

Energy Development and Transmission Committee Jun 2nd, 2026

Energy Development and Transmission Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • I actually have one, and it's related to the reclamation and the bonding.
  • I actually have one, and it's related to the reclamation and the bonding.
  • That's dead money to them if you're requiring that bond.
  • That's dead money to them if you're requiring that bond.
  • That's dead money to them if you're requiring that bond.
Summary: The committee met in Grand Forks, approved the February 26 minutes by voice vote, and recessed for a tour of the Mincota Power Cooperative headquarters before returning for presentations on large energy consumers, especially data centers. The first presentations focused on how North Dakota should respond to rapid growth in energy-intensive projects, with speakers emphasizing the need for reliable transmission, local decision-making tools, and factual information for county and township officials who are being asked to weigh major projects with limited staff and technical support. The North Dakota Transmission Authority director said local governments are being asked to make high-impact decisions on pipelines, transmission lines, large agriculture, wind, solar, carbon dioxide pipelines, direct-air capture, and data centers, and urged development of simple statewide decision tools and support from the League of Cities and Association of Counties. The Department of Environmental Quality’s air division director said North Dakota’s air remains among the cleanest in the nation, but large data centers can create air-quality concerns because of diesel backup generation; he said the department is requiring air monitors at some facilities and expects grid power and, potentially, cleaner natural gas backup to reduce emissions. Members asked about emissions standards, misinformation, monitoring costs, and staffing succession at DEQ. The Department of Water Resources director said North Dakota’s water law is based on common ownership and prior appropriation, and that data centers generally use relatively small amounts of water, often in closed-loop systems. He said the Missouri River and groundwater supplies are ample for projected needs, that the department’s permitting process protects senior water rights, and that even a worst-case data center scenario would use a very small share of Missouri River flow. Members asked about downstream impacts and compared data center water use with fracking. Later, McLean County State’s Attorney Ladd Erickson urged the committee to study how other states regulate data centers, warned against litigation-driven delays and overly broad local ordinances, argued reclamation bonding should be handled at the state level if at all, and said data centers can bring jobs and tax base but should remain subject to local zoning. The committee ended the morning session for lunch and later heard an EERC update from CEO Charles Gorecki on the center’s 75 years of work in energy and environmental technologies, especially oil and gas development and related research.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

PSM Informational Briefing 01-22-2025

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • c><00:04:26.960><c> the</c><00:04:27.080><c> going</c><00:04:27.280><c> home</c><00:04:27.520><c> Hawaii
  • </c> tours we went to the going home Hawaii tours we went to the going home Hawaii re-entry<00:04:28.440
  • </c><00:05:13.360><c> Island</c> resilience Summit and the Hawaii Island resilience Summit and the Hawaii
  • </c><00:14:58.480><c> Community</c> yeah HC is the Hawaii Community yeah HC is the Hawaii Community Correctional
  • it's really that that constant Hawaii it's really that that constant Battle<00:32:03.240><c> of</c><
Keywords: 912, senate, all
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

03/05/2026 - House Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Artificial Intelligence & Innovation

Transcript Highlights:
  • A couple of examples: In 2024, the Hawaii legislature appropriated funds to the University of Hawaii
  • District Courts of Southern California and Hawaii, respectively, and they were both recently decided.
  • In the case of Hawaii, they had no exception for parody or satire at all.
Keywords: 1182, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • Additionally, this state bond would add student and employee housing as an allowable bond expenditure
  • Additionally, this state bond would add student and employee housing as an allowable bond expenditure
  • The truth is that this bond will not take care of all the universities' needs.
  • The truth is that this bond will not take care of all the universities' needs.
  • That is why in this bond, different from previous higher education bonds, we have included housing.
Summary: The Assembly Committee on Housing and Community Development heard a long agenda focused mainly on housing production, higher education facilities, homelessness, and permitting reform. Early items included AB 6, which would direct HCD to convene a working group on allowing three- to ten-unit “missing middle” housing to be built under the Residential Code rather than the Building Code; AB 48, a higher education bond proposal that would fund campus repairs, modernization, disaster recovery, and student/employee housing; and AB 76, which would clarify a Chula Vista university innovation district exemption so the project can include academic buildings and housing without conflicting with surplus land rules. Supporters emphasized affordability, cost savings, student housing needs, and access to education, while members raised questions about implementation, affordability requirements, and project scope. The committee later took votes on these items, with AB 6, AB 48, and AB 76 all moving forward on unanimous or near-unanimous votes to Appropriations. Members also heard AB 595, which would create a state homeownership tax credit pilot to support affordable for-sale housing. The author and supporters argued that California’s homeownership rate is at historic lows and that the bill would help close racial wealth gaps by financing homes working families can buy. The committee approved AB 595 and sent it to Appropriations. The consent calendar, including several other housing-related bills, was also approved unanimously. A major portion of the hearing was devoted to AB 1165, the California Housing Justice Act of 2025, which would require ongoing state investment and a financing plan to address homelessness and housing affordability. The author and witnesses described the scale of homelessness, the limits of one-time funding, and the need for sustained, accountable funding streams. After testimony from housing advocates and people with lived experience, the committee passed AB 1165 on a 10-0 vote to Appropriations. Finally, the committee heard AB 609, a CEQA reform bill that would create a simplified exemption for qualifying infill housing projects in already developed areas. Supporters framed it as a targeted way to reduce delays and costs for housing near jobs and transit, while opponents from environmental justice, labor, and tribal groups warned it could reduce public participation, weaken protections for disadvantaged communities, and create consultation concerns for tribal cultural resources. The author said the bill would not change zoning or affordability tools and would continue to work with opponents on amendments. The bill was moved forward after extensive discussion, with members noting ongoing negotiations on tribal consultation and labor concerns.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Apr 27th, 2026

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • was born and raised on a tropical island of Okinawa, which folks in Japan consider to be like the Hawaii
  • It's a breach of the sacred bond that... It isn't just a crime.
  • It's a breach of the sacred bond that makes our nation's defense possible.
Keywords: 988, house, all
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Local Government Jan 29th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • And I think the high-level disasters that we've seen in both Hawaii and California and even closer to
  • financing area to contract indebtedness or borrow money for district purposes and issue general obligation bonds
  • financing area to contract indebtedness or borrow money for district purposes and issue general obligation bonds
Summary: The Senate Local Government Committee heard several land use and infrastructure bills. SB 5633 on subdivision of land drew the most discussion: staff described a broad rewrite that would move many subdivision decisions from legislative bodies to administrative personnel, limit or eliminate public hearings for preliminary plats, require notice to nearby landowners, set completeness and 100-day decision timelines, and streamline concurrent review of related permits. Builders, Realtors, and some cities supported the bill as a long-overdue modernization that could reduce delays and housing costs, while county and city representatives raised concerns about eliminating public hearings, implementation details, and local accountability. The committee also heard SB 6274 on street standards and frontage improvements, which would require jurisdictions to identify infrastructure barriers to infill and middle housing and periodically review street and frontage standards; supporters said frontage mandates can make housing infeasible, while local government witnesses warned about conflicts with safety, ADA, and transportation goals. SB 6309 on high-capacity transit permits would let Sound Transit apply for permits before acquiring property and before some land use decisions, and would allow certain development agreements and subdivision exemptions to speed transit delivery; Sound Transit and city representatives supported it, and the committee waived the five-day notice rule to hear it. The committee also took testimony on SB 6279, which would incorporate the wildland-urban interface code into the state building code after statewide wildfire maps are completed and require state and local coordination on defensible space and local amendments. Supporters framed it as needed wildfire resilience planning, while opponents from counties, builders, environmental groups, and local officials argued the bill was premature, too rigid, and potentially inconsistent with environmental laws, local conditions, and insurance realities; several asked for more local flexibility, clearer map processes, and changes to the timing and scope of adoption. SB 6291 would extend from two to four years the period during which local health jurisdiction staff may inspect on-site wastewater systems under supervision before certification; public health officials supported it as a workforce and training fix, saying the current timeline is too short and costly. The committee also heard SB 5903, SB 6016, SB 5820, SB 6132, and SB 6189 in executive session, adopted substitutes on some bills, and advanced SB 6016, SB 5820, SB 6132, and SB 6189 out of committee by due-pass votes, with SB 6016 receiving a substitute and a member noting support but remaining concerns.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

RM 329 Conference PM - Wed Apr 23, 2025

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • So, next up, SB 479 SD1 HD1, relating to the Hawaii Able Savings Program.
  • So, next up SB479 SD1 HD1<02:10:14.719><c> relating</c><02:10:15.119><c> to</c><02:10:15.360><c> Hawaii
  • to Hawaii Able Savings Program.<02:10:18.000><c> I</c><02:10:18.239><c> have</c><02:10:18.480><c> myself
  • fact that there has never really been a study of the needs of the developmentally disabled here in Hawaii
  • in fact it goes towards an informational briefing we had last year, going towards a hepatitis-free Hawaii
Keywords: 910, house, all
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • Driscoll, several of the critical training areas that the Army has provided, Uses in Hawaii are leased
  • Issue, not just in Hawaii, but in all the places we engage with the community and sign leases.
  • And sadly, for example, in Hawaii, 50% of Army facilities are... classified as failing or failed, and
  • This is just involving Hawaii.
  • Senator, I've had many friends stationed in Hawaii, and though the experience has been good, I think
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

House Chamber - Tue Apr 21, 2026, 12:00PM HST - Day 48

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • with decision-making to follow on Senate Concurrent Resolution 89, Senate Draft 1, requesting the Hawaii
  • So, on behalf of the YWCA, thank you, everyone, for your generous donations. 1, requesting the Hawaii
  • Correctional 1, requesting the Hawaii Correctional System<00:16:29.920><c> Oversight</c><00:16:30.400
Keywords: 910, house, all
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

HWN-WAM, WAM, WAM, WAM Public Hearings 02-18-2025

Hawaiian Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • state in a manner that increases their economic value and that meet the criteria established for the Hawaii
  • Aloha Chair, Vice Chair Robert Harris on behalf of the Hawaii State Ethics Commission, members of the
  • Ethics Commission. - Aloha Chair, Vice Chair Robert Harris on behalf of the Hawaii State Ethics Commission
Keywords: 912, senate, all
Summary: The committees considered several Senate bills and one House bill across multiple decision-making segments, with testimony focused mainly on SB 903, SB 439, SB 938, and HB 1440. For SB 903, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs supported the measure and emphasized that the Public Lands Trust Working Group should complete its scope of work before baseline settlement discussions. The committees then adopted chair-recommended technical amendments to SB 903, including blanking the appropriation and changing the effective date to June 30, 2059, and the measure was adopted with members voting aye or excused. A later agenda included many bills that were mostly advanced with technical amendments, effective-date changes, or recommittals to Ways and Means. Among them, SB 934 and SB 935 were recommitted; SB 65, SB 328, SB 465, SB 576, and several others were passed with amendments that often blanked appropriations or changed dates; SB 329, SB 448, SB 744, SB 1023, SB 1269, SB 1361, SB 1381, SB 1491, SB 1530, and SB 1547 were passed unamended; SB 828, SB 1220, and SB 1487 were deferred. The committee also adopted amendments on bills such as SB 125, SB 558, SB 789, SB 997, SB 1234, SB 1388, and SB 1543, generally to clarify definitions, narrow scope, or add effective-date or governance language. For SB 439, the Division of State Parks testified that it already performs the fee studies and park-designation work contemplated by the bill, but supported the measure overall; OHA, the Care for ʻĀina Now Coalition, and other supporters testified in favor, while two individuals opposed it. The committees adopted SB 439 with LRB technical amendments. SB 938 received only departmental comments from the Department of Taxation and was passed unamended. HB 1440, which drew support from the State Ombudsman, the Legislative Reference Bureau, the State Auditor, and the Ethics Commission, was also passed unamended. In each decision-making segment, the committees voted to adopt the chair’s recommendations and then adjourned.
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

IC - Legislative Health and Human Services Jul 21st, 2025

Legislative Health & Human Services Committee

Transcript Highlights:
  • States, and I should have said, we're talking North Dakota, South Dakota, West, including Alaska and Hawaii
  • So that's South Dakota, North Dakota, Utah, Arizona, California, Oregon, Washington, Hawaii, Alaska,
  • This is actually Bernalillo County, and they approved $35 million in project revenue bonds.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session Mar 26th, 2026

California Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • California, they began labor organizing, because so many of them had come from the sugar plantations in Hawaii
  • celebrate Korean American Day as the first group immigration day in 1903, 20,102 farm workers landed in Hawaii
  • And the day you Hawaii as sugar plantation farm workers, and they were treated so badly and underpaid
  • When I landed in Hawaii during my peaceful time, I heard and encountered those first-generation people
  • That's the example of the Korean farmers, how they came to California from Hawaii and they made also
Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum, opened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, and then moved through a series of guest introductions, including Canadian diplomatic visitors and youth soccer champions from Senator Niello’s district. The body also recognized guests connected to arts education and later heard adjournment-in-memory tributes for Caitlin “Katie” Mallet and Roxanne Miller. The President announced the Senate would enter a one-week spring recess and return on April 6, 2026. On the floor, the Senate adopted SR 89 by Senator Alvarado-Gil, recognizing March 17, 2026 as Profound Autism Day in California. Supporters emphasized the need for greater awareness, research inclusion, and services for people with profound autism and their families. The resolution passed by a 35-0 vote. The Senate also adopted SCR 147 by Senator Allen, proclaiming March 26 as Arts Education Month, with remarks stressing the value of arts education for creativity, engagement, and student success; it passed 37-0. The chamber then adopted SCR 141 by Senator Wahab, recognizing March 26, 2026 as Women’s Equal Pay Day. Senators discussed the gender pay gap, its impact on families, and the need for transparency and enforcement; the resolution passed 37-0. The Senate also approved AB 2156, an urgency measure to proclaim March 31 as Farm Worker Day, with extensive debate about farm workers’ historical contributions, labor conditions, and the decision to rename the day in light of recent allegations involving the prior honoree. The bill passed unanimously, 37-0, including the urgency clause. Finally, the Senate adopted the consent calendar, which included SB 968, SJR 11, SB 1005, and SB 1080, by unanimous vote. A committee announcement noted Budget Subcommittee 3 would meet upon adjournment.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Senate Floor Session Mar 26th, 2026

California Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • California, they began labor organizing, because so many of them had come from the sugar plantations in Hawaii
  • celebrate Korean American Day as the first group immigration day in 1903, 20,102 farm workers landed in Hawaii
  • And the day you Hawaii as sugar plantation farm workers, and they were treated so badly and underpaid
  • When I landed in Hawaii during my peaceful time, I heard, I encountered those first-generation people
  • That's the example of the Korean farmers, how they came to California from Hawaii, and they made also
Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum, heard a prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, and then moved through several guest introductions, including a Canadian diplomatic delegation visiting for Canada Day at the Capitol and the undefeated Under-11 San Juan Spirits soccer team. The chamber also recognized guests connected to later resolutions, including families and advocates tied to profound autism and farm worker issues, as well as arts education leaders. The Senate adopted SR 89, recognizing March 17, 2026 as Profound Autism Day, after remarks emphasizing the need for greater awareness, research inclusion, and lifelong services for people with profound autism and their caregivers. Members also adopted SCR 147, proclaiming March 26 as Arts Education Month, with support focused on the value of arts education for creativity, engagement, and student success. Both resolutions passed by unanimous or near-unanimous roll call votes. The chamber then took up AB 2156, an urgency measure renaming Cesar Chavez Day as Farm Worker Day and proclaiming March 31 as Farm Worker Day. Supporters from multiple caucuses and regions spoke about the history of farm labor, the contributions and sacrifices of farm workers, and the need to honor the broader movement and its diverse participants; some speakers also referenced recent allegations and the desire to center survivors and workers rather than one individual. The bill passed with 37 ayes and 0 noes, including the urgency clause. The Senate also adopted a consent calendar of several items without objection, then adjourned in memory of Caitlin Mardell Mallet and Roxanne Miller. The session concluded with announcements of a committee meeting and a one-week spring recess, with the next floor session scheduled for April 6, 2026.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

PBS Info Briefing - Thu Sept 11, 2025 @ 1:30 PM HST

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Collins' counterpart on the island of Hawaii, Director Magno.
  • um uh director Magno. island of Hawaii um uh director Magno.
  • And the supposed to hit was straight through Hawaii Kai.
  • And the supposed to hit was straight through Hawaii Kai.
  • </c> to hit was straight through Hawaii Kai. to hit was straight through Hawaii Kai.
Keywords: 910, house, all
Summary: The House Committee on Public Safety held an informational briefing with the City and County of Honolulu Department of Emergency Management on its hazard mitigation plan and recent emergency events on Oahu. Chair Dela Botti opened the meeting by explaining that the briefing was intended to review the mitigation planning process, the city’s hazard mitigation plan, and lessons learned from recent tsunami and wildfire threats, building on earlier briefings with state emergency management and transportation officials. Director Collins and hazard mitigation staff officer Ian Kio presented the plan, describing it as a five-year FEMA-required document focused on reducing long-term risk to people and property, not an operations plan for active disasters. Kio outlined how the plan was developed over roughly 18 months with a core team, steering committee, consultant support, and public input, and said it was formally adopted by the mayor’s office and approved by FEMA in July 2025. He said the updated plan was aligned more closely with the state hazard mitigation plan, expanded to cover 15 hazards including climate change and sea level rise, and organized around hazard risk rankings and mitigation strategies. He identified the highest-risk hazards as climate change and sea level rise, floods, health risks, hurricanes, tsunamis, and wildfires, and said the plan includes short-, medium-, and long-term actions such as education, Firewise community planning, flood mapping, and major infrastructure projects like tsunami walls and street elevation work. He also emphasized that the plan will be maintained with yearly updates and ongoing public feedback. Collins then discussed after-action findings from the July 6 Meli fire and the recent tsunami response, noting that reviews are still ongoing. He said the fire response showed strong initiative and teamwork, including police officers helping with fire suppression support and door-to-door evacuation efforts before firefighters arrived, and a staff duty officer who initiated a wireless emergency alert without waiting for higher-level direction. He said these actions reflected a culture of rapid decision-making when lives are at stake. Collins also urged residents to prepare by making family plans, gathering supplies, checking flood and tsunami risk maps, retrofitting homes, and obtaining insurance before disasters occur. No votes or formal committee actions were taken during the informational briefing.
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

House Chamber - Thu Apr 24, 2025, 6:30PM HST - Day 57

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • They are a mentorship program founded in partnership with Hawaii State Family Court System that engages
  • :15:21.600><c> in</c><00:15:21.760><c> partnership</c><00:15:22.320><c> with</c><00:15:22.560><c> Hawaii
  • </c><00:15:23.040><c> State</c> founded in partnership with Hawaii State founded in partnership with
  • Hawaii State Family<00:15:23.600><c> Court</c><00:15:23.920><c> System</c><00:15:24.399><c> that</c><
Keywords: 910, house, all
ID

Idaho 2026 Regular Session

Agenda Mar 25th, 2026

State Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • In fact, our good clerk from Hawaii County was to be here, but he's tied up in another committee, I should
  • And even in Hawaii County, we've always had people that just plan on driving a couple of hours to get
  • And even in Hawaii County, we've always had people that they just plan on driving a couple of hours to
Committee: House State Affairs
Summary: The committee first approved the minutes from Tuesday, March 24th by voice vote. It then took up Senate Bill 1351, which would bar a gubernatorial appointee rejected by the Senate from being reappointed to the same seat for one year and require the governor to fill vacancies within 90 days. Members asked about how the bill would interact with other appointment-related legislation and what would happen if someone was serving without Senate confirmation, but no testimony was offered. The committee voted to send the bill to the floor with a due pass recommendation. Next, the committee considered Senate Bill 1376, dealing with candidate filings for political subdivisions and moving the filing process toward county clerks and online filing beginning in 2027. The bill also requires subdivision clerks to provide accurate district maps and sets notification and certification deadlines between county and subdivision clerks. Questions focused on whether the change could make filing less accessible, how it would affect districts such as irrigation or groundwater districts, and whether the Secretary of State’s office supported the measure. The sponsor said clerks supported the bill and that the online option should improve access; the committee then voted to advance it with a due pass recommendation. Finally, the committee reconsidered Senate Bill 1299, which prohibits government entities from requiring digital identification to access government services, while allowing physical ID to remain valid and limiting tracking or data retention tied to digital ID use. The Attorney General would be able to enforce the law, and aggrieved persons could seek injunctive or declaratory relief. Members asked about whether the bill would affect future voluntary use of digital IDs, possible conflicts with federal requirements, and whether similar concerns could arise in other settings such as sports venues. Supporters argued the bill sets guardrails against mandatory digital ID use, and the committee voted to send it to the floor with a due pass recommendation before adjourning.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Science, Technology and Energy (01/27/2025)

Science, Technology and Energy

Transcript Highlights:
  • And when you take out Alaska and Hawaii, who have their own unique electricity challenges, we typically
  • You take out Alaska and Hawaii, who have their own unique electricity challenges.
  • Our town of Bedford has bonded out several energy efficiency projects.
  • out several Energy B Bedford has bonded out several Energy Efficiency<02:06:01.360><c> projects</c><
  • biomass boiler, and said that for the citizens of Rockingham County or a school trying to float a bond
Keywords: 1189, house, all
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Energy Committee Meeting - 2025-04-03

Energy Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • I'm a little confused because this, and I know I'm newer here, but this seems like a bonding project
  • Not here, but in Hawaii.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Floor Session Mar 20th, 2025

California House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Consul General of Canada since 2017, overseeing Canada's relations with Northern California. and Hawaii
  • I thank you for sharing your older daughter with us, who, as you know, I bonded with instantly.
Keywords: 988, house, all
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

CPC Public Hearing - Thu Apr 10, 2025 @ 2:00 PM HST

Consumer Protection & Commerce

Transcript Highlights:
  • And we have Hawaii Realtors. happy to be part of that. We're not happy to be part of that.
  • And we have<00:13:53.920><c> Hawaii</c><00:13:54.240><c> Realtors.
  • My name is Lindsay Garcia from Hawaii Realtors.
Keywords: 910, house, all
Summary: The Committee on Consumer Protection and Commerce heard STR 123 SD1, which asks the judiciary to convene a working group to study landlord-tenant issues aimed at increasing rental housing supply and improving landlord-tenant interactions. The Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs said it had originally asked to defer the measure but was not opposed to the idea of a working group and preferred the Senate bill vehicle already introduced. Hawaii Realtors testified in strong support of the measure. Members discussed how the working group should be structured, including whether it should have balanced representation from tenant advocates and landlord-side stakeholders, with possible participation from neutral entities such as the judiciary or DCCA. DCCA’s Office of Consumer Protection said the legislature should decide the composition, noted that minority views can still be advanced outside the working group, and deferred to the convenor on whether recommendations would be made by consensus or vote. In decision-making, the committee recommended passing the measure as a House Draft 1 with amendments that narrow the scope of the working group and conform it to House-Senate Bill 822. A member expressed a reservation that the bill should explicitly require equal numbers of tenant and landlord representatives to bolster community credibility. The motion passed, with one member voting aye with reservations and the recommendation adopted.