Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:07:54.840><c> back</c><00:07:55.080><c> in</c> surgeon now practicing back in surgeon now practicing
• </c><00:15:56.000><c> model</c> changing the from the supervisory model changing the from the supervisory
• decisions to be made at the practice level.
• be made at the practice level.
• So, you did you go from a supervisory to collaborative in the sub as well? No, ma'am.

Committee: House Health Services

Transcript Highlights:

• But there is a little bit about supervisory fees and the purpose of community supervision. supervisory
• fees. supervisory fees.
• <01:19:01.599><c> [snorts]</c> supervisory [snorts] supervisory [snorts] fees<01:19:02.520><c> is</c>
• </c> these supervisory fees. these supervisory fees.
• . practices. practices.

Transcript Highlights:

• Practice in a full practice—I'm sorry, my understanding is you practice in a full practice state for
• practice?
• The practice of nursing is a holistic practice.
• I practice advanced practice nursing.
• The practice back in 2019-2020 required 3,000 hours of supervised practice, and they had to practice

Bills: SB1888 , SB3003 , SB2417 , SB2459 , SB3055 , HB1393 , HB2884 , SB2943

Committee: Senate State Affairs

Transcript Highlights:

• That do not reflect actual practice.
• </c> institutional partners that in practice institutional partners that in practice this<01:43:19.600
• c> students</c> practice practical because when students practice practical because when students are
• nor practical.
• </c><01:44:18.239><c> Um</c> entirely possible nor practical. Um entirely possible nor practical.

Bills: HF4362 , HF4252 , HF4440

Committee: House Higher Education Finance and Policy

Keywords: firearms, guns, gun rights, gun control, campus safety, public college, university, postsecondary institution, higher education, visitor carry, concealed carry, open carry, campus policy, Minnesota Statutes 624.714, petty misdemeanor, parking lot carry, firearm possession, public safety, college campus, student carry

Transcript Highlights:

• Responsible labor practices that protect worker privacy and choice.

Bills: SB1327 , SB1372 , SB1403 , SB1937 , SB277 , SB2131 , SB1749 , SB1348 , SB1469 , SB2018 , SB1931 , SB1530 , SB2155

Committee: Senate Economic Development, Workforce and Tourism

Keywords: tourism, recreation, economic development, Oklahoma Commission, executive director, probation, credits, educational advancement, Oklahoma Statutes, criminal justice reform, job incentives, tax rebates, Oklahoma Quality Jobs Program, employment growth, wage requirements, labor organization, incentives, employer practices, union neutrality, worker rights

Transcript Highlights:

• But it seems to hiring practices, right?
• So, right now ETS's practice is three and free.
• Um, they're also helping with tutorials or tutoring for practice exams.
• I've since passed the practice exam.
• Practice exams come from the educator preparation program side.

Bills: HB2185 , HB2621 , HB2179 , HB2534 , HB2168 , HB2427 , HB2560 , HB2565 , HB2172 , HB2298 , HB2304

Committee: Senate Education

Keywords: sports officials, referees, umpires, athletic directors, school administrators, league administrators, coaches, assault, first-degree assault, substantial bodily injury, temporary restraining order, TRO, private counsel, Department of Education, DOE, sports safety, school sports, amateur athletics, professional sports, public schools

Bills: SF3045 , HF2783 , HF1943

Committee: House Ways and Means

Keywords: omnibus, state government, local government, elections, campaign finance, voter registration, absentee voting, election administration, electronic rosters, lobbying, lobbyist disclosure, state budget, appropriations, biennial budget, Minnesota Secretary of State, Minnesota Management and Budget, state personnel, civil service, affirmative action, disability employment

Transcript Highlights:

• ask um we have had some conversations just u and this has been as I understand it long-standing practice
• But this has been uh long-standing uh practice in terms of when bargaining happen relative to budget
• But this has been uh long-standing uh practice in terms of when bargaining happen relative to budget
• </c><00:10:22.959><c> in</c><00:10:23.200><c> terms</c> it long long-standing practice in terms it long
• in terms of uh long-standing uh practice in terms of when<00:10:42.959><c> bargaining</c><00:10:43.519

Bills: HF3006 , HF2130 , HF1290

Committee: House Ways and Means

Keywords: Department of Corrections, DOC, corrections budget, supplemental appropriation, deficiency funding, public safety finance, incarceration, prerelease services, community supervision, postrelease services, supervised release, probation, reentry, reentry services, prison reform, body-worn cameras, corrections officer cameras, ARMER radio system, PREA, Prison Rape Elimination Act

Transcript Highlights:

• And this is adding supervisory cost.
• Um so that when what supervisory means.
• And I'll just note supervisory means.
• </c><02:02:27.199><c> social</c> provision license to practice social provision license to practice social
• </c> certification and have no supervisory certification and have no supervisory recall<02:13:08.320>

Transcript Highlights:

• The next bill is House Bill 2555, which relates to coverage of traditional health care practices under
• The care is provided by registered nurses or licensed practical nurses.
• We also established rates for complex care assistance supervisory visits performed by registered nurse
• And then we also have the rate for the supervisory visit as well.
• , their documentation practices, etc., to be consistent across the board rather than different agency

Summary: The House Health Care and Wellness Committee met at policy cutoff and first took up executive session on four bills. It considered a proposed substitute for HB 1589 on health carrier contracting practices, which would require carriers to provide providers advance notice and clean copies of contract changes and payment methodologies, and would also add notice requirements for significant payer contract modifications. The committee also considered HB 2402 on phthalates in IV solution containers and tubing, with a substitute delaying implementation dates and creating shortage and FDA-related exemptions. HB 2555, concerning Medicaid coverage of traditional health care practices, and HB 2685, concerning tribal data and disease reporting to tribal health jurisdictions, were also before the committee. HB 2599 was deferred. The committee reported HB 1589, HB 2402, HB 2555, and HB 2685 out of committee with do pass recommendations, with recorded votes showing some members voting no or no without recommendation on the more contested bills. The committee then held a work session on private duty nursing in the Medically Intensive Children’s Program. Health Care Authority and DSHS staff described how the program serves children with complex medical needs through managed care and fee-for-service pathways, the role of prior authorization and medical necessity review, and the ongoing shortage of nursing staff. They said many approved hours are not filled, especially in rural areas, and that family members often provide unpaid care to fill gaps. Committee members asked about the structure of the children’s and adult PDN programs and about how many authorized hours are actually being served. The committee also heard testimony from a home care agency representative and a parent caregiver, both of whom described severe staffing shortages and the burden on families when nursing shifts go unfilled. They supported models that would allow trusted family caregivers to be paid for some of the skilled care they already provide. The committee then heard examples from Montana and Massachusetts of similar family caregiver or complex care assistant programs. Montana described its pediatric complex care assistant model as a gap-filling service with prior authorization and a set hourly rate, while Massachusetts outlined its complex care assistant program, including training, supervision, wage pass-through requirements, and early growth in participation. The meeting concluded after the work session.

Transcript Highlights:

• This bill takes a targeted, practical approach that will...
• So we think this is a practical fix to modernize sophistication, to meet, if you will, the technology
• So SB 1283 provides a practical fix.
• SB 1414 would ensure that supervisorial... Place it with independent commissions.
• At least one commissioner shall reside in each of the five existing supervisorial districts to be put

Committee: Senate Local Government

Summary: The committee heard a series of housing, local government, and governance bills, with most of the discussion focused on housing production, permitting, and local accountability. SB 1003, by Senator Grayson, would create an Infrastructure Partnership Financing Program to help local jurisdictions and developers jointly fund infill housing infrastructure; it drew support from housing advocates and senior housing groups, while Senator Seyarto questioned whether the state would actually fund another program. The bill was moved on a 3-1 vote and remained on call. SB 1014 would require local jurisdictions to provide good-faith estimates of on-site and off-site improvements within 30 business days of a preliminary application and limit later surprise requirements; Habitat for Humanity, SPUR, and other housing groups supported it, while the City of San Mateo and local government associations raised concerns about accuracy and timing. It passed 4-2 and remained on call. SB 1036, which would require credit under the Mitigation Fee Act for prior site uses when redeveloping a site, passed unanimously to the Senate floor. SB 1145 would streamline CEQA and federal reuse review for qualifying projects at the former Concord Naval Weapons Station; it drew broad labor and local support, but housing and legal advocates sought stronger affordability and enforceability provisions. The bill passed 6-0 to the Committee on Environmental Quality. The committee also considered SB 908, which would streamline permits for energy-code-compliant residential window replacements and limit local design restrictions and HOA barriers. Supporters said the bill would let homeowners and affordable housing providers reduce energy costs, while opponents argued it could override local design standards; it passed 3-1 and remained on call. SB 1172, the Local Tax Savings Act, would add guardrails and transparency to local tax-sharing and consultant agreements; it was supported by the City of Shafter and the League of California Cities and passed 4-0 to Revenue and Taxation, remaining on call. SB 1283 would expand ministerial approval for EV charging stations to include canopies and on-site energy storage systems and require local ordinance updates by 2027; EV industry groups supported it, while cities and counties warned about safety, liability, and local review. Members discussed battery storage safety and litigation concerns, and the bill passed 4-0 to Judiciary, remaining on call. The committee also heard SB 1379, which would separate the Riverside County Sheriff-Coroner offices and create an independent medical examiner in response to in-custody death concerns. Supporters cited high death rates, settlements, and the need for independent investigations, while the sheriff’s association and county representatives argued the change would be costly, duplicate services, and override local control. The bill passed 4-1 to Public Safety and remained on call. Finally, SB 1414 would create an independent redistricting commission for San Bernardino County; supporters said it would improve transparency and remove conflicts of interest, while the county opposed the estimated $2 million cost and noted its existing advisory commission. Members generally supported independent redistricting, and the bill was discussed but no final vote was recorded in the excerpt.

Transcript Highlights:

• They have been authorized to practice.
• How recent is that practice?
• There should be some demonstration, some attestation from a supervisory employer, supervisory physician
• They call it practice ready assessment.
• Of approach to practice.

Committee: Senate Health & Long-Term Care

Summary: The committee opened with an extensive update on the expected effects of federal HR1 on Washington’s health care system, especially Medicaid and the individual market. Governor’s office and Health Care Authority staff said the bill is likely to cause immediate coverage losses in the exchange beginning in January, followed by larger Medicaid impacts over the next several years. They highlighted likely premium increases, administrative burdens from more frequent eligibility checks and work requirements, reduced retroactive coverage, limits on state-directed payments and provider taxes, and possible effects on rural hospitals and safety-net providers. They also noted separate CMS rules already being implemented in Washington on prior authorization, managed care access, home- and community-based services, and eligibility/enrollment, and explained how those rules interact with HR1’s new requirements and timelines. Members asked about Planned Parenthood funding, work requirements, rural health grants, provider impacts, and how the state will use existing systems and a forthcoming timeline to prepare for implementation. The committee then received an update on the International Medical Graduate Work Group and Washington’s efforts to create pathways for internationally trained physicians. Presenters described the state’s clinical experience license, the clinical evaluation tool used to assess readiness, a grant program for career guidance and clinical training, and a 2025 law adding a hardship waiver process. National presenters from World Education Services and the Federation of State Medical Boards said many states have adopted similar pathways because of physician shortages, but approaches vary widely. They recommended clear guardrails, employment offers before application, ECFMG certification, supervised provisional practice, data collection, and protections against exploitation. Committee members asked about portability across states, retention of IMGs, and whether Washington should pursue additional options such as dedicated residency slots, preceptorships, or practice-ready assessment models. The final topic was an update on the Apple Health doula benefit and the statewide doula hub and referral system. Senator T’wina Nobles praised the state’s work, noting Washington’s high Medicaid reimbursement rate for doulas and the importance of building infrastructure to support equitable maternal care. Health Care Authority staff said the benefit launched on January 1, 2025, and covers prenatal intake, labor and delivery, postpartum visits, and telehealth-supported services. They reported 336 state-certified doulas, 134 enrolled with Apple Health, 287 clients served, and 641 claims paid so far, while also acknowledging barriers such as provider enrollment, claims submission, client matching, and language access. Doulas for All described the hub as part of a broader effort to expand access, support community-based birth workers, and reduce maternal and infant mortality disparities, especially for Black and Indigenous families.

Transcript Highlights:

• Not just talking about justice, but practicing it with our bodies, with our choices, with our lives.
• 00:04:03.840><c> but</c> Not just talking about justice, but Not just talking about justice, but practicing
• it with our bodies, with our practicing it with our bodies, with our choices,<00:04:08.000><c> with<
• He now chairs the school board and he also is chair of the North Country Supervisory Union.
• </c> Country North Country Supervisory Union. Country North Country Supervisory Union.

Transcript Highlights:

• In addition to expenditure data, we'll provide where available comparisons to other states, best practices
• Regular districts spent more than charters on extra duty, supervisory aids, and substitutes.
• Urban schools spent the most per student on instructional materials and supervisory aids.
• The highest minority quintile spent the most per student on supervisory aids and substitutes.
• aides the highest minority quintile spent the most for student on supervisory aids and substitutes and

Summary: The joint education committee continued its adequacy study with a detailed Bureau of Legislative Research presentation on resource allocation, covering how Arkansas school districts and charters spend foundation and other funds on matrix and non-matrix items. Staff explained the methodology for mapping expenditures, the district and school categories used in the analysis, and key findings showing that districts spend more per student from all fund sources than the foundation amount alone. The presentation highlighted that classroom teachers account for the largest share of matrix spending, while operations and maintenance, student support staff, nurses, and other lines also drew significant attention. Members asked for additional breakdowns by district type, size, rural/urban status, and trend data, and several questions focused on how waivers affect funding and spending, especially for library media specialists and other positions. The committee then discussed non-matrix spending, including instructional aids, non-technology-related facilities, school safety, mental health services, dyslexia support, food service, gifted and talented, career and technical education, and other items not explicitly defined in the matrix. Staff reported that non-matrix spending exceeded $2 billion in 2025, with most of it coming from other fund sources, and that the top superintendent-identified unmet needs over recent surveys were mental health services, school safety, and dyslexia support. Members raised concerns about dyslexia identification and funding, possible over-identification, and whether some support costs are being coded in ways that obscure the true spending picture. There was also discussion of facilities funding, the building fund, and the Department of Education’s partnership program for school construction and maintenance, with staff agreeing to provide more information and potentially bring department officials back for a future meeting. Throughout the meeting, members repeatedly requested more granular data and clarifications, including waiver counts and funding impacts, trend lines for superintendent-reported needs, district-by-district spending spreadsheets, and definitions for certain matrix and accounting terms such as salary enhancement, LEA indebtedness, and other employee health insurance. The chair noted that the committee would continue the adequacy process over the coming months and use the worksheet in the binder to develop recommendations for the next biennium. No votes were taken during this portion of the meeting; instead, the committee received the report, asked for follow-up data, and agreed to continue the discussion at future meetings.

Transcript Highlights:

• So the practical reality is this has not been happening on a regular basis, and something we.
• This better aligns our retirement goals with the industry best practices.
• investment options within existing safety rating, collateral, and oversight requirements and remains Fund practices

Bills: HB1739 , HB1784 , HB1889 , HB2116 , HB2206 , HB3625 , HB2939 , HB3028 , HB3265 , HB3313 , HB3413 , HB3414 , HB3415 , HB3416 , HB3417 , HB3418 , HB3420 , HB3588 , HB3748 , HB3721 , HB3852 , HB4132 , HB4263 , HB4303 , HB4311 , HB4428 , HB4429 , HB4434

Committee: House Government Oversight

Keywords: retirement, law enforcement, disability benefits, pension system, Oklahoma, education reform, local control, student outcomes, curriculum changes, school funding, public retirement systems, pension, retirement benefits, cost-of-living adjustment, COLA, inflation adjustment, CPI-U, Consumer Price Index, firefighters pension, police pension

Transcript Highlights:

• proposes adding board-certified assistant behavioral analysts, BCABAs, as a recognized mid-level supervisory
• proposes adding board-certified assistant behavioral analysts, BCABAs, as a recognized mid-level supervisory
• BCABAs as a recognized mid-level supervisory role within the MassHealth reimbursement framework.
• Recognizing BCABAs as a mid-level supervisory role within the MassHealth reimbursement framework will
• Is fully recognized in practice. And I respectfully urge you to give this bill a favorable report.

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Health Care Financing

Summary: The Joint Committee on Health Care Financing held a public hearing on several health care bills focused primarily on autism services and kidney disease coverage. Committee chairs John Lawn and Cindy Friedman opened by outlining hearing procedures, testimony rules, and filing deadlines, and noted the hearing would be recorded and written testimony accepted. They said the day’s topics included affordability and access to behavioral health services, provider reimbursement, Medicare coverage for vulnerable populations, and MassHealth eligibility asset exemptions. A major portion of the hearing concerned House Bill 4623, which would add board-certified assistant behavior analysts (BCABAs) as a recognized mid-level supervisory role in the MassHealth reimbursement framework to help address long wait lists for autism spectrum disorder services. Representative Lisa Field, actuaries, clinicians, and autism service providers testified that the current two-tier model limits workforce capacity, contributes to long delays, and leaves families waiting months for care. Supporters said the bill could expand access, improve retention, and potentially reduce MassHealth costs, while also helping providers meet growing demand and new administrative requirements. The committee also heard testimony on House Bill 4425 and Senate Bill 2737, which would allow Massachusetts residents under 65 with end-stage renal disease to purchase Medigap coverage. Legislators, dialysis advocates, and patients described high out-of-pocket costs under Medicare, barriers to kidney transplant eligibility without secondary insurance, and the financial strain on patients and families. Testifiers said the change would affect about 846 residents, could modestly increase premiums, and might reduce Medicaid spending by preventing asset spend-downs. Senator Gomez and others spoke from personal experience with dialysis and transplant care. Finally, the committee heard testimony on House Bill 4353 and Senate Bill 2587, which would require regular data-driven review of MassHealth ABA reimbursement rates. Providers and association representatives argued that reimbursement has not kept pace with inflation, workforce shortages, accreditation costs, and new 2026 MassHealth policy requirements, and said the bills would improve transparency and ensure rates reflect the true cost of care. No votes were taken; the hearing concluded with the chairs thanking participants, inviting additional written testimony, and adjourning the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• Of these reports, some were related to fraud, theft, ethics, business practices, and others were related
• This system modernization effort will allow us to embed clear standards, reinforce consistent practices
• We recognize that strong asset management practices require not only clear policies and procedures, but
• We’ve already begun strengthening the agency’s practices related to asset tagging and data entry.
• Building on that foundation, we are currently enhancing our supervisory review processes and reminders

Summary: The Joint Interim Committee on Legislative Audits met on June 17 for informational presentations. The Department of Administrative Services, through Chief Audit Executive Eli Ritchie, gave an overview of statewide internal audit requirements and the fiscal year 2025 report. He explained the difference between internal and external audit, described Oregon’s statutory and rule-based internal audit structure, and reported that 30 agencies had internal audit functions, with most meeting required standards. He said 73 audits and 49 advisory/consulting engagements were completed statewide, with strong compliance overall, though a few agencies were rebuilding audit committees after vacancies. No committee questions were raised after the presentation. The Secretary of State’s Audits Division then presented its Government Waste Hotline annual report. Director Steve Bergman and audit manager Olivia Rekhed described changes made to align the hotline with statute, including renaming it the Government Waste Hotline, creating a review panel, improving anonymity protections, removing fraud reporting from the hotline’s scope, and adjusting reporting timelines. They said hotline volume increased modestly in 2025, most reports were referred elsewhere or closed for insufficient evidence, and two reports were substantiated, including questioned costs of about $856 for personal use of a state vehicle and about $2.9 million tied to the Preschool Promise program. Committee members asked about hotline staffing, cost, anonymity, and follow-up on findings; staff said the hotline is lightly resourced, uses a contracted intake service, and referrals or recommendations are followed up through management letters and later reviews. The committee also heard an audit of the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department’s safety inspections and asset tracking. The Secretary of State’s office reported that OPRD had not consistently conducted or documented quarterly OSHA safety inspections and had incomplete asset records, including missing acquisition dates and costs for many assets. The audit made eight recommendations covering safety inspection policies, asset management guidance, tagging, reconciliations, disposition controls, training, and a new asset management system; OPRD agreed to all recommendations. OPRD officials said they had already begun training staff, improving inspection procedures, and working toward a replacement asset system, while noting operational challenges from a large, dispersed park system and manual processes. Committee members asked about what kinds of assets are tracked, how tagging works, whether items were actually being lost, and how much tracking is necessary for low-value tools; OPRD said the main issue was inconsistent classification and documentation rather than widespread loss. The meeting ended with no votes or formal actions taken.

Transcript Highlights:

• It ends the practice of unelected faculty bodies who act as co-managers for our universities.
• In practice, though, decades of deference have created an unwritten arrangement where these bodies exercise
• In practice, though, decades of deference have created an unwritten arrangement where these bodies exercise
• In practice, though, decades of deference have created an unwritten arrangement where these bodies exercise
• In practice, though, decades of deference have created an unwritten arrangement where these bodies exercise

Bills: HB818 , HB1063 , SB28 , SB64 , SB142 , SB234 , SB482

Committee: House Education

Keywords: higher education, accountability, curriculum review, faculty governance, disciplinary procedures, SB 28, Act 233, associate educator program, associate teachers, teacher certification, alternative teacher pathway, education workforce, teacher shortage, minimum age, age requirement, Louisiana schools, Title 17, R.S. 17:7.8, educator pipeline, teacher recruitment

Transcript Highlights:

• proposes adding board-certified assistant behavioral analysts, or BCABAs, as a recognized mid-level supervisory
• proposes adding board-certified assistant behavioral analysts, or BCABAs, as a recognized mid-level supervisory
• BCABAs as a recognized mid-level supervisory role within the MassHealth reimbursement framework.
• Recognizing BCABAs as a mid-level supervisory role within the MassHealth reimbursement framework will
• I've practiced as a behavior analyst in Massachusetts for 22 years and currently serve as senior clinical

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Health Care Financing

Summary: The Joint Committee on Health Care Financing held a public hearing on a range of health care financing bills focused largely on autism services and kidney disease coverage. Committee chairs John Lawn and Cindy Friedman outlined hearing procedures and noted that written testimony would continue to be accepted until each bill is acted upon. They said the day’s bills addressed affordability and access to behavioral health services, provider reimbursement, Medicare coverage for vulnerable patients, and MassHealth eligibility asset exemptions. A major portion of the hearing concerned House Bill 4623, which would recognize board-certified assistant behavior analysts (BCABAs) in the MassHealth reimbursement framework to help address long wait lists for autism spectrum disorder services. Representative Lisa Field and several providers testified that Massachusetts families face long delays for ABA services and that adding BCABAs would expand workforce capacity, reduce costs, and improve access. Wakely actuary Annie Tasman Ewing said a three-tier model could reduce MassHealth costs by up to 6% annually, while Dr. Sandra Beaton and others described severe wait lists and said the bill would allow more families to be served sooner. The committee also heard extensive testimony on House Bill 4425 and Senate Bill 2737, which would allow people under 65 with end-stage renal disease to purchase Medigap coverage. Representative Stanley, Senator Gomez, and advocates from the American Kidney Fund and Dialysis Patient Citizens argued that current law unfairly excludes these patients, leaves them with high out-of-pocket costs, and can delay transplant eligibility because many centers require secondary insurance. Testifiers said the change would help about 846 residents, could cost insurers only a small premium increase, and might reduce Medicaid spending by avoiding asset spend-downs. Committee members asked questions about the existing statutory carve-out and the practical effects on transplant access. The hearing also included testimony on House Bill 4353 and Senate Bill 2587, which would require regular Medicaid rate reviews for ABA services. Providers and clinicians said current MassHealth rates no longer reflect the cost of delivering care, especially with new 2026 policy requirements, workforce shortages, and accreditation obligations. They emphasized that the bills would not mandate a rate increase but would create a data-driven, transparent review process. At the end of the hearing, the chairs thanked participants, invited additional written testimony, and the committee voted unanimously to adjourn the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• So currently the the practice &gt;&gt; correct.
• And how much was that grant for, in practice? >> Well, the grant was for many things.
• </c><01:08:52.719><c> Um</c> of practice for school psychologists.
• Um of practice for school psychologists.
• I don't know of any uh restrictions of psychologists in practice in Hawaii if they're...

Bills: SB2024 , SB896 , SB2613 , SB494 , SB2391 , SB2125 , SB2614 , SB2615 , SB3262 , SB3325 , SB3118

Committee: Senate Education

Keywords: charter schools, public-private partnership, school facilities, education funding, community need, education, capital improvement, reporting, transparency, technical expertise, public school land transfer, Department of Education, DOE, land conveyance, fee simple title, tax map key, TMK, Act 307, Session Laws of Hawaii 2022, Act 139