Video & Transcript Research : 'Class A misdemeanor'
Page 55 of 500
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- first degree misdemeanor to a third degree felony the bill also increases the penalty for the offense
- It seems like your amendment is talking about going from a second degree misdemeanor to a third degree
- misdemeanor to a third degree felony do you know the costs associated with that that would be the I guess
- So, tongue-in-cheek, class, please pay attention because there will be a quiz.
- And so here in Florida, we are a world-class transportation organization.
Summary:
The Transportation Committee took up several bills and agency priorities. SB 44, as amended, increased penalties for operating a vehicle with unauthorized red or blue lights and for obscuring a license plate, including new penalties for using, possessing, manufacturing, or selling license-plate obscuring devices. The sponsor and supporting law enforcement witnesses said the bill addresses widespread plate obstruction and enforcement problems; the committee adopted the amendment and reported the bill favorably. The committee also passed SB 654, designating a railroad overpass in Starke as the Heroes Memorial Overpass, and SB 620, creating a Miami-Dade College specialty license plate with proceeds supporting scholarships and limited administrative/marketing costs.
The committee then considered SB 594, which would allow Florida deep-water ports to seek Fish and Wildlife Commission approval for no-anchoring/no-mooring buffer zones adjacent to port channels and turning basins. An amendment clarified the application process, review timeline, rulemaking, and enforcement. Port representatives supported the bill as a way to protect channels and commerce, while several boating and cruising advocates opposed it, arguing the 5,000-foot buffer was excessive, could create safety issues, and would displace anchored vessels without adequate alternative dockage. Despite the opposition, the committee adopted the amendment and reported the bill favorably.
The committee also heard a presentation from the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles on its 2025 legislative priorities, including stricter proof-of-address and identification requirements for vehicle registration, changes to tank vehicle and IFTA rules, a higher crash-report damage threshold, and electronic notice options. Secretary Perdue then outlined FDOT priorities focused on workforce development, research, rural road funding, small business participation, consistent traffic-control standards, modal infrastructure, transit accountability, spaceport support, advanced air mobility, and shifting some power-consumption revenues to the Transportation Trust Fund to offset electric vehicle impacts. No votes were taken on the agency priorities, and the meeting adjourned after members recorded additional affirmative votes on SB 44 and SB 654.
NM
New Mexico 2025 Regular Session
IC - Courts, Corrections and Justice Jun 30th, 2025
Courts, Corrections & Justice Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- But if you give a plea offer in my day, any felony that got dropped to 3 misdemeanors, it's like, I'll
- What is that, what is a public defender contract for a misdemeanor domestic violence?
- Chair, and Senator Wirth, uh, a misdemeanor DWI or domestic violence, the, the base rate is $300. 48,
- It's just a misdemeanor. Who cares? Sometimes those misdemeanors turns into murder.
- So we put on a week-long class twice a year, hopefully getting those people ready to take that next step
HI
Hawaii 2026 Regular Session
JHA Public Hearing - Wed Feb 25, 2026 @ 2:00 PM HST
Judiciary & Hawaiian Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- A and Class B felonies, felonies that are considered the most serious and violent.
- A and Class B felonies, felonies that are considered the most serious and violent.
- > convicted of class A and class B convicted of class A and class B felonies.<02:11:32.400>
Felonies - , and allowing a deferred acceptance of guilty plea for misdemeanor and petty misdemeanor abuse of family
- /c><03:12:51.279>
petty including establishing a petty including establishing a petty misdemeanor
Summary:
The House Committee on Judiciary and Hawaiian Affairs heard testimony on two immigration-enforcement bills: HB 1886 HD1 and HB 2540 HD1. HB 1886 would limit state and federal collaboration in immigration enforcement, require visible identification and restrictions on facial coverings for law enforcement officers, and create offenses for improper masking, lack of identification, and unauthorized civil immigration interrogation, arrest, or detention. HB 2540 would also limit state and federal collaboration, require law enforcement agencies to adopt and publicly post written civil immigration enforcement policies, prohibit stops or arrests based solely on immigration status, and restrict state and county participation in civil immigration enforcement in certain places.
Most testimony supported both measures. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs, the Office of the Public Defender, the ACLU of Hawaii, the Hawaii Coalition for Immigrant Rights, the Legal Clinic, and several private individuals said the bills would increase transparency, accountability, and community trust, and would help protect constitutional rights and reduce fear among immigrants and other community members. Several testifiers emphasized Hawaii’s history and the need to keep local law enforcement separate from federal immigration enforcement, while others said the bills would help people feel safer going to court, school, work, or public protests. A retired police officer also supported visible identification and uniform standards for officers, including federal agents operating in Hawaii.
A few testifiers opposed the use of masked or unidentified officers and argued that local police should not be diverted from ordinary public safety duties to immigration enforcement. One ACLU witness noted that the federal government has increasingly used local and state agencies to expand immigration enforcement, and said the task-force provisions in the bills are important to prevent blurred lines between agencies. The committee did not take a final vote in the portion of the meeting provided, but it recorded very large numbers of supportive testimonies for both bills, with only a small number in opposition.
WY
Wyoming 2026 Regular Session
Senate Labor, Health & Social Services Committee, February 18, 2026
Labor, Health & Social Services
Transcript Highlights:
- are a unit of a of a a chain store are are a unit of a of a a chain store and<00:07:12.000>
they< - in<00:15:18.480>
the <00:15:18.639>practice a misdemeanor to engage in the practice - a misdemeanor to engage in the practice of<00:15:19.120>
pharmacy <00:15:19.600>or <00: - misdemeanor to practice without a license.
- c> without<00:18:47.919>
a a misdemeanor to practice without a a misdemeanor to practice without
AR
Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session
LEGISLATIVE JOINT AUDITING-STATE AGENCIES Feb 12th, 2026
LEGISLATIVE JOINT AUDITING-STATE AGENCIES
Transcript Highlights:
- I need a motion to adopt the minutes from January. Senator Boyd, is there a second?
- Anything over $1,000 becomes a felony, a Class D felony? Oh, okay. Very good.
- Anything over 1,000 becomes a felony, a class D felony? becomes a felony? It'd be 1,000.
- Anything over 1,000 becomes a felony, a Class D felony. Oh, okay. Very good.
- There's a new...
AL
Transcript Highlights:
- normally violates this section shall be guilty of a class C felony.
- A motion for a favorable report. Is there a second? A motion for a favorable report.
- a Class A misdemeanor for a violation that would result in up to one year in jail and a fine of up to
- , yes... subject them to this misdemeanor, yes, that would make them guilty of a misdemeanor for not
- Is a current offense that if you give an officer a false name, that is in fact a misdemeanor.
Keywords:
jury duty, nursing mothers, exemption, legal rights, parental responsibilities, sexual extortion, criminal law, felony, threat, blackmail, firearm possession, domestic violence, violent offenses, criminal penalties, pretrial detention, bail, offenses, constitutional amendment, criminal justice, law enforcement
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Committee on Juvenile and Emerging Adult Justice Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm
Senate Committee on Juvenile and Emerging Adult Justice
Transcript Highlights:
- A court summons is a piece of paper.
- judge or a DA wanted to divert a youth, if there was a program that existed for them... ...judge or a
- So when I look at a misdemeanor and this kid is in the system, entangled in the system, and ultimately
- Can you talk a little bit about, because I think it’d be important to talk about class and race and how
- Can you talk a little bit about, because I think it'd be important to talk about class and race and how
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Juvenile and Emerging Adult Justice held an informational hearing focused on diversion programs and services for high-risk youth, with no bills before the committee and no votes taken. The chair and members emphasized that the session was intended to hear from invited testimony and discuss how to strengthen diversion, reduce court involvement, and improve outcomes for youth. The committee heard first from the Office of the Child Advocate and diversion providers, who described the Massachusetts Youth Diversion Program, its statewide expansion to 10 of 11 court counties, and its reported success rate of about 80% completion without reoffending. Testimony highlighted that diversion keeps youth out of court, connects them more quickly to community-based services, and can address needs such as mental health, education, and substance use. Witnesses also pointed to racial and ethnic disparities in arrests versus summonses, regional variation in diversion access, and the need for clearer statutory authority, more funding, and broader use of pre-arrest diversion.
Committee members asked about the difference between arrest and summons, who can initiate diversion, why arrest rates have increased relative to summonses, and how diversion might prevent harmful downstream consequences such as detention or immigration enforcement involvement. Witnesses said police, clerk magistrates, district attorneys, and judges can refer youth to diversion, and argued that local policy, training, and legislative changes could expand use. They also discussed the impact of detention on youth, including stigma, lost school time, and the lack of credit for time served in the juvenile system. Testimony from Citizens for Juvenile Justice focused on prevention, school discipline, and the school-to-prison pipeline, arguing for more restorative practices, better data, and legislation to limit suspensions and expulsions, especially for younger students and nonviolent conduct. They also raised concerns about DCF-involved and foster youth, who are disproportionately represented in the juvenile system.
The final panel, the Children's League of Massachusetts and transition-age youth providers, shifted to child welfare and young adult supports. They supported reducing court involvement in child requiring assistance cases, expanding family resource centers, and strengthening services for transition-age youth leaving DCF or DYS custody. Providers described housing instability, homelessness, and the need for education, employment, behavioral health, and supportive housing services for young adults ages 18 to 23. Across the hearing, witnesses consistently argued that early intervention, community-based supports, and diversion are more effective than court processing or detention for most youth, and that the legislature can help through funding, statutory clarity, expanded eligibility, and stronger data collection.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Class C misdemeanor to a Class A misdemeanor for obstructing the distribution of election supplies.
- Misdemeanor to a state jail felony, and for releasing election results before the polls close on election
- night from a Class A misdemeanor to a state jail felony.
- The bill also creates two Class A misdemeanors for the authority responsible for procuring the election
- It adds that Class A misdemeanor and the state jail felony language to the law.
Keywords:
HB 817, Texas Election Code, majority vote, majority threshold, ranked-choice voting, preferential voting, instant runoff voting, vote reassignment, ballot ranking, election administration, public office election, Election Code Section 2.0215, runoff elections, plurality vs majority, voting systems, education reform, budget allocation, teacher retention, student performance, accountability measures
WY
Wyoming 2026 Regular Session
Judiciary Committee Interim Topics Meeting, March 6, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- get a a tenant evicted and 1/2 months to get a a tenant evicted and<00:05:01.600>
that <00:05: - just a misdemeanor." just a misdemeanor."
- /c> Wyoming is automatically otherwise a Wyoming is automatically otherwise a misdemeanor,<00:20:53.200
- Some states have Class A, Class B, Class C felonies.
- Some states have Class A, Class B, Class C felonies.
Summary:
The Judiciary Interim Committee met under time constraints and asked members to rank interim topics for a letter to Management Council. The committee then took brief public testimony on a series of proposed study topics, with no formal votes recorded in the transcript. Early testimony focused on landlord eviction rights, where speakers said the court eviction process is too slow, can worsen housing shortages, and leaves landlords unable to recover rent, fees, or damage costs. The foster care topic was presented as a request to examine whether the system gives too much weight to reunification and not enough to the child’s best interests, especially for younger children. A Blue Envelope Program proposal was also discussed; supporters said it would help law enforcement communicate with autistic or otherwise communication-challenged individuals during traffic stops and emergencies, and improve consistency statewide.
The committee also heard a proposal to study Wyoming’s homicide-by-vehicle statute, with testimony from a constituent whose mother was killed by a repeat dangerous driver. Speakers argued the current law leaves a gap because prior DUIs, high-risk driving history, and other aggravating factors do not meaningfully affect charging unless intoxication or extreme conduct is present. Related testimony from Wyoming Pathways said the change should be a tool in the toolbox for prosecutors and could improve safety for pedestrians and drivers. Senator Cooper then raised campaign finance reform and dark money, urging a resolution asking Wyoming’s congressional delegation to seek a constitutional amendment to overturn Citizens United and restore state control over election spending transparency.
Additional topics included a request from the Wyoming Livestock Board to review peace officer statutes so its investigators could act on felonies committed in their presence or prevent imminent bodily harm, while remaining within their current duties and certification. Representative Lee asked for review of non-disclosure agreements in public-private partnerships and executive sessions so the public can eventually understand how such agreements were used. Senator Pearson asked for interim consideration of shared custody amendments, saying fit parents should have a fair opportunity for shared parenting after separation. Representative Storer proposed revisiting DUI penalties, especially for refusal of chemical testing, arguing that refusal often prevents prosecution and that the law should impose treatment and license suspension consequences. The committee also heard a request to review statutes involving political parties, and the state court administrator asked for interim study of remote public access to court records, citing ongoing automation efforts, privacy concerns, and funding needs.
FL
Florida 2025 Regular Session
March 25, 2025 - 12:00 PM
Transcript Highlights:
- first-degree misdemeanor to a third-degree felony.
- first-degree misdemeanor to a third-degree felony.
- Third, for possessing or using a license plate obscuring device, it would be a second-degree misdemeanor
- that the students of Florida get a world-class education is a paramount duty of the state of Florida
- If we want a world-class school district and state of Florida schools, we need world-class employees,
Summary:
The Government Operations Subcommittee heard a long agenda of bills covering education, public safety, local government, labor relations, and foreign policy. Early measures included HB 1055, which would support Florida State University’s Election Law Center; CS/HB 4073, a Leon County local bill updating career service rules for sheriff’s office employees; CS/HB 253, creating penalties for license plate obscuring devices and misuse of emergency-style lights; and HB 293, codifying the Office of Faith and Community in the Governor’s Office and creating a liaison and advisory council. Members raised questions on academic freedom in HB 1055 and on church-state concerns and oversight in HB 293, but both bills advanced after supportive testimony from university, faith-based, and law enforcement representatives. The committee also approved HB 4029, a local bill for the Greater Naples Fire Rescue District, and HB 889, requiring classroom driver education for minors before licensure, with supporters emphasizing roadway safety and teen crash reduction.
The committee then took up PCS/HB 731, which would require standardized testing for admission to health-related degree programs at state universities. The sponsor argued the bill would ensure qualified applicants and objective admissions standards, while several members and public witnesses raised concerns that it would duplicate existing requirements like the MCAT and create unnecessary barriers; the bill still passed, though with several no votes. HB 1519, expanding Florida’s anti-BDS law to cover academic boycotts, nonprofits, local governments, and certain grants, drew strong support from Jewish organizations and strong opposition from speakers who argued it chilled free speech and punished criticism of Israel. After an amendment narrowing and clarifying parts of the bill, it passed favorably as a committee substitute.
The most contentious debate came on HB 1387, a major overhaul of Public Employees Relations Commission procedures and public-sector union rules. Supporters said the bill would streamline PERC processes, improve fairness, and address cases where unions were certified with very low participation; opponents, including teachers and labor advocates, said it weakened collective bargaining and public employee rights. After a strike-all amendment and extensive testimony, the bill passed as a committee substitute. The committee also approved HB 351, which adds extreme speeding to reckless driving and increases penalties, after removing impoundment language in an amendment, and PCB GOS 25-07, preserving a public records exemption for minors seeking judicial waiver of parental notice/consent for abortion. The meeting adjourned after all measures were reported favorably.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Transportation Committee Jun 29th, 2026
Transportation
Transcript Highlights:
- A legal e-bike is limited to 750 watts and must fit within California's class system.
- When a driver causes a death through vehicular manslaughter and then receives misdemeanor diversion,
- Under California law, Connor's death is a misdemeanor.
- Under California law, Connor's death is a misdemeanor.
- By adding two DMV points when a misdemeanor vehicular manslaughter case is dismissed through diversion
AR
Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session
ALC-GAME & FISH/STATE POLICE Feb 18th, 2026
ALC-GAME & FISH/STATE POLICE
Transcript Highlights:
- comparison I just made, it was a misdemeanor.
- law enforcement officer a Class D felony.
- were being pled down to misdemeanors or being nolle prossed altogether as a matter of just kind of wrapping
- I don't know what the— is that a Class D felony, or...? It begins at a Class D felony.
- So there are a variety of things that could change that from a Class D to make that a higher-class felony
Summary:
The committee first heard from Arkansas State Police leadership about efforts to reduce vehicle pursuits and fleeing from law enforcement. Members discussed prior legislation that made fleeing a felony and enhanced penalties when suspects exit moving vehicles, and the State Police reported those changes, along with a social media/public service campaign and work with prosecutors, were associated with a 29% decline in pursuits from 2023 to 2025, or 180 fewer pursuits last year than in 2023. Members also asked about a recent mistaken PIT/TVI incident involving the wrong vehicle; the agency said the family was not injured, had requested privacy, and the trooper involved was terminated. The committee also received an overview of the Arkansas State Police Foundation, which funds scholarships, emergency assistance for troopers’ families, and facilities and training support, with no lobbying role reported.
The committee then heard from the Commission on Law Enforcement Standards and Training on officer decertification and hiring accountability. Director Chris Chapman explained that every officer separation must be reported, that files are flagged when conduct may warrant decertification even if it does not meet that threshold, and that hiring agencies must be told about prior misconduct before they can add an officer to their roster. He said the commission now receives more decertification requests than before, with requests rising from 158 in the prior three-year period to 256 in the last three years, and that 147 officers were pending hearings, down from a prior backlog that had stretched to about four and a half years. He also said the commission meets every other month for two-day hearings, and that most decertifications involve integrity or honesty issues.
Members asked about open investigations, citizen complaints, appeals, and public access to decertification records. Chapman said resignations during internal affairs or criminal investigations are flagged, citizen complaints are usually handled through supervisors, chiefs, sheriffs, or prosecutors and may lead to decertification review if warranted, and decertified officers can appeal to circuit court. He added that decertification records are subject to the Freedom of Information Act and may be used in civil claims. No votes were taken, and the meeting adjourned after discussion of a possible future committee meeting at the fish hatchery in Lonoke.
AL
Transcript Highlights:
- A misdemeanor.
- class A misdemeanor. class A misdemeanor.
- So, this literally changes it from a class B to a class A.
- It changes it from a class B to a class A felony. >> What do we change?
- Currently, it is a class B, but if you discharge a firearm into an occupied vehicle, it's a class A.
Bills:
SB255, SB199, SB47, HB605, HB216, HB621, HB148, HB389, HB509, HB248, SB255, SB199, SB47, HB605, HB216, HB621, HB148, HB389, HB509, HB248, SB336, SB293, SB43, HB420, HB60, HB188, HB106, HB105, HB11
Keywords:
SB255, cannabinoid, hemp, hemp-derived THC, THCa, delta-8 THC, HHC, CBD, THC, novel cannabinoid products, hemp products, intoxicating hemp, delta-8, retail license, Department of Revenue, Department of Agriculture and Industries, testing and labeling, third-party laboratory, product safety, public health
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Gun Violence Prevention Working Group - 09/17/25
Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- But it is still a misdemeanor.
- Like a would get a misdemeanor for that.
- 29.200>
misdemean <00:41:29.599>a misdemeanor, not a gross misdemean a misdemeanor, not - Regular speed is a petty misdemeanor. Regular speed is a petty misdemeanor.
- Misdemeanor is a a criminal offense. Misdemeanor is a criminal<00:42:54.480>
offense.
AL
Transcript Highlights:
- So, it's not where it's supposed to be a Class C misdemeanor. Is it not?
- It's a parking violation. >> It's a class C misdemeanor, right?
- No. >> So, it's just a violation of... >> Yes. >> So, not a misdemeanor, no class E or anything like
- >> It's a class C misdemeanor, right? >> It's a class C misdemeanor, right?
- So, not a misdemeanor, no class E or >> So, not a misdemeanor, no class E or anything<01:10:59.280
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Public Safety Finance and Policy Committee 3/11/26
Public Safety Finance and Policy
Transcript Highlights:
- So under current law, an assault against a family or household member is a misdemeanor.
- So under current law, an assault against a family or household member is a misdemeanor.
- So I'd estimate we've of a say in this committee taking a stick so very serious misdemeanor.
- A felony has a 12-person jury; misdemeanors have a 6-person jury.
- In my experience, it's actually much more common when in doubt to go with a misdemeanor or a gross misdemeanor
Keywords:
grooming, child protection, student safety, sexual exploitation, educator licensing, teacher discipline, mandatory reporting, mandated reporter training, school misconduct, predatory offender, child abuse, sexual abuse, sex trafficking, child sexual abuse material, child pornography, position of authority, school employee, school administrator, license revocation, license suspension
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Agriculture REVISED: SB722 - Link added Apr 6th, 2026 at 03:00 pm
Agriculture
Transcript Highlights:
- I'll take a motion in a second. Can I have a motion in a second?
- Seeing no further questions, do I have a motion and a second? OK, I have a new pass in a second.
- one class that we're trying to get from the and this is a request bill from the Oklahoma Department of
- I OK, I need a motion in a second. You pass. Have a new pass and a second.
- Seeing no questions, do I have a motion and a second? OK, I have a motion in a second.
Keywords:
water infrastructure, wastewater, investment program, loans, local government, SB1509, groundwater, water wells, well spacing, water rights, Oklahoma Water Resources Board, OWRB, basin, subbasin, maximum annual yield, aquifer management, water allocation, water permits, temporary permits, irrigation
KY
Kentucky 2026 Regular Session
House Standing Committee on Appropriations and Revenue (3-10-26) - Reupload
Appropriations & Revenue
Transcript Highlights:
- I've got a motion and a Very good.
- Have a motion and a second on Okay.
- >
KCCCS a on a basically a reorg for KCCCS a on a basically a reorg for KCCCS and<00:30:57.880 - value brand, a premium brand, a malt, a distilled, a wine, and the retailers have a very limited range
- Have a Have a motion and a into PHS 1.
Keywords:
An issue was found with the live stream of this meeting. This version was uploaded as a complete version and should contain the entirety of the meeting.
Meeting Start 00:00:00
Roll Call 00:00:15
HB 647 Discussion 00:02:00
HB 647 Vote 00:05:47
HB 501 Discussion 00:07:40
HB 501 Vote 00:09:53
HB 502 Discussion 00:11:20
HB 502 Vote 00:14:48
HJR 75 Discussion 00:16:53
HJR 75 Vote 00:17:35
HJR 76 Discussion 00:19:00
HJR 76 Vote 00:19:43
HB 869 Discussion 00:21:22
HB 869 Vote 00:30:00
HB 619 Discussion 00:31:39
HB 619 Vote 00:34:33
HB 356 Discussion 00:36:22
HB 356 Vote 00:40:19
HB 900 Discussion 00:43:17
HB 900 Vote 00:46:21
HB 816 Discussion 00:48:02
HB 816 Vote 00:53:47
HB 9 Discussion 00:55:05
HB 9 Vote 01:18:25
HB 757 Discussion 01:21:04
HB 757 Vote 01:35:55, 958, all
NM
Transcript Highlights:
- , a lot of patients, a lot of doctors, a lot of hospitals.
- , a lot of patients, a lot of doctors, a lot of hospitals.
- Stakeholders, a lot of patients, a lot of doctors, a lot of hospitals, a lot of health care providers
- We have a do not, a motion for a do not pass, a do not pass on...
- year and a half to get DNA back off a gun, you know, so I ...case is where it's taken a year and a half
Keywords:
medical malpractice, malpractice reform, patient's compensation fund, PCF, health care liability, tort reform, damage caps, punitive damages, hospital liability, physician liability, nurse practitioner, certified nurse-midwife, outpatient facility, ambulatory surgical center, urgent care, free-standing emergency room, insurance surcharge, superintendent of insurance, New Mexico hospitals, medical review process
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- So this is not a rail spike I'm holding in my hand, which would be a lot heavier and a lot bigger to
- It sounds like y'all have done a heck of a job.
- A coalition of ten ranchers has pulled our money together to... hire a grant writer, and as a result,
- Texas has made a declaration that Texas is a non-toll environment.
- I mean, it really amounts to a frivolous charge when a person is during an emergency, like a hurricane
Bills:
HB1589, HB2208, HB2297, HB2560, HB2725, HB3080, HB4417, HB4473, HB4520, HB4662, HB4888, HB4905, HB4906
Keywords:
HB 1589, toll road, toll project, toll project entity, voter approval, local control, county election, commissioners court, Transportation Code, Chapter 372, road construction, highway funding, infrastructure, public referendum, ballot measure, transportation policy, Texas toll roads, regional mobility, toll collection, vehicle registration