Video & Transcript Research : 'salary study'

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TX

Texas 89th Regular

Intergovernmental Affairs Apr 8th, 2025

Intergovernmental Affairs

Transcript Highlights:
  • What is the salary range for a social worker?
  • Regarding the salary, the average salary is about $70,000, but usually when social workers first start
  • Okay, so no formal studies have been done. Okay. Thank you. Thank you, Mr.
  • In fact, a 2024 study by the Texas Violence and Injury...
  • A 2019 study conducted by TCFV found that 71% Needed assistance finding housing.
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Economic Development, Workforce and Tourism REVISED Apr 21st, 2026

Economic Development, Workforce and Tourism

Transcript Highlights:
  • And so this isn't asking for some kind of study.
  • of the employee, exceed 95% of the salary of the executive director.
  • Can you tell us what the salary is of the executive director?
  • I'm not aware what the executive director's salary is. Further questions?
  • He did an interim study last summer. This is part of For a while now.
Summary: The Senate Economic Development, Workforce, and Tourism Committee met for a work session focused largely on executive nominations and several House bills. The committee advanced nominations for Jared Lundry and Norville Ritter to the Oklahoma Tourism and Recreation Commission, Amy Blackburn as Executive Director of the Oklahoma Department of Tourism and Recreation, and Jason Kays to the Oklahoma Employment Security Commission, with each nominee describing their background and priorities and receiving favorable roll-call votes. Members also considered and advanced a series of bills affecting housing, tourism, workforce, and related programs. HB 1823 would require the Oklahoma Housing Finance Agency to provide advance notice of HOME program changes, limit retroactive rule changes, and give preference to nonprofit grant recipients; it passed 8-1. HB 4476 created a revolving fund related to a music industry rebate program and passed 7-2 after an amendment raising a threshold from 25,000 to 28,000. HB 3880 updated tourism advertising law to include digital media and allowed the Oklahoma Today magazine to move online, with an amendment making publication permissive rather than mandatory; it passed 8-1. HB 3031 created a revolving fund for workforce development tied to skilled trades and the North Point Workforce Development Initiative, and HB 3378 staggered terms on the Oklahoma Science and Technology Research and Development Board; both passed. The committee also passed HB 3369, which aligned LP gas and fire-suppression rules for mobile food vendors and required annual fire safety training, HB 3429, which authorized up to $50 million in bonds for CareerTech-related economic development projects, HB 3657, which clarified agricultural labor reporting and allowed OESC to share workforce data with the Workforce Commission, and HB 4215, which lowered the minimum spend threshold for Oklahoma film post-production incentives from $50,000 to $20,000. Finally, HB 3624, a controversial bill changing how county lines are determined along shifting waterways, drew extensive debate over taxation, property records, and rural impacts before passing 6-5. The chair noted the committee likely had one more meeting remaining and invited further suggested language on the county-line issue.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • The tax credit has been recognized by the PPIC, a UC Irvine study and others as being one of the most
  • And so that's why you guys moved over to the study report and the study, as a result of the study. is
  • All right, so since last year you completed this study and this is what came out of that.
  • Well, I'm glad that you did complete the study because it definitely shows some information.
  • As I know, the study suggests. But it is in a time that we have a lot of concerns financially.
Keywords: 988, house, all
US
Transcript Highlights:
  • I have been passionate about education since my earliest college days when I studied to earn a teaching
  • I want to study them. I'd like to get back and talk to you more and to work with you.
  • No, I want to study it further and get back to you with it, and I'll be happy to do that. Okay.
  • And before I start my questions, I just wanted to put some studies in the record, research studies of
  • I ask unanimous consent to enter into the record those four studies that show.
Summary: The committee meeting engaged in discussions focused primarily on educational reform, the influence of federal grants on local education systems, and the growing disparities in wealth and access to quality education. Members expressed concerns about the bureaucracy surrounding federal funding that hampers schools' ability to obtain necessary resources for improvement. Several members highlighted personal anecdotes from constituents, emphasizing the urgent need for reform to help students succeed in both K-12 and higher education environments. The meeting included public testimonies that provided insights into various community perspectives on these pressing issues.
FL

Florida 2026 4th Special Session

January 21, 2026 - 04:00 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • They require a higher salary to attract talent.
  • , and some of that is our salaries versus other state agencies.
  • Do you keep vacant positions to utilize salary rates for field positions? Do you do that?
  • At the recurring base, you're funding existing positions at their current salary.
  • So, is the salary allotted for this position?
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Legislative Commission on Pensions and Retirement - 03/18/25

Minnesota Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:04:30.880> uh significant portion of their salary uh significant portion of their salary
  • <00:46:22.000> was like to point out is the last study was like to point out is the last study
  • We also recommend that the study be completed more frequently, as I mentioned the last study was in 2016
  • the other Actuarial experience studies the other Actuarial experience studies that<00:48:43.040>
  • <01:41:15.040> May colloquial use of average salary May colloquial use of average salary May
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
ND

North Dakota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Appropriations - Human Resources Division Apr 10th, 2025 at 02:30 pm

Appropriations - Human Resources Division

Transcript Highlights:
  • Funding for the salaries and wages is decreased by 170,228.
  • I'm just going back to the salary and the process, and how it was handled.
  • This next line item adds funds for competitive market salary equity.
  • Because it wasn't added as a salary piece, was it?
  • We used that for salary because we could use that for salary. Oh, you just backfilled it. Yep.
Keywords: 908, all
Summary: The committee reconvened to work through the amended version of Senate Bill 2025, beginning with a clarification from the Department of Veterans Affairs on the source of funds used to cover the commissioner’s salary equity increase. Commissioner Lonnie Wong explained that the money came from federal highly rural transportation grant administrative/salary funds, within the allowable 10% administrative cap, and that the department had not exceeded that limit. The committee then reviewed the major House changes to the veterans budget, including funding for a veterans benefits specialist FTE, salary equity increases for veterans service officers, additional operating funds, one-time funding for homeless veteran services and the Veterans Post-War Trust Fund, carryover authority for Fisher House and veterans transportation projects, accrued leave, and a document scanning project. Members also discussed a section changing governance authority for veterans affairs and the veterans home, with questions about the ACOVA board and the governor’s appointment authority. The committee debated the appropriateness of using federal grant administrative funds for salary adjustments and the broader shift in authority over veterans affairs, with some members emphasizing legislative control over salaries and budget decisions and others supporting the reorganization as a way to improve administration. After discussion, Amendment 25.092.0203 was moved, seconded, and adopted on an 8-0 roll call. The committee then moved SB 2025 as amended, and that motion also passed 8-0. The meeting then shifted to Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation budget issues, where members reviewed FTE reductions, salary equity funding for correctional officers and parole/probation officers, and the status of federal ARPA dollars that had previously been used to backfill salaries and bonuses. DOCR officials described pay levels for correctional officers and compared them with county jail wages, arguing that the proposed equity funding was needed for retention and competitiveness. Members also discussed transitional facility costs, women’s treatment unit funding, and county jail overflow housing, including new or planned bed capacity in Grand Forks, Burleigh-Morton, Rugby, and other facilities. The committee agreed to continue refining the budget through a new long sheet and planned to request amendments for consideration in the following days before adjourning.
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • and administrator salaries.
  • ,<00:25:19.360> administrator teacher salaries, administrator teacher salaries, administrator
  • > a<00:25:22.000> 10-year<00:25:22.559> look salaries.
  • And so, that's a 10-year look salaries.
  • <01:49:00.000> and of obtaining engineering studies and of obtaining engineering studies and
Summary: The committee of conference first discussed House Bill 557, which concerns information on the school budget ballot. The main issue was how to define and calculate the “average cost per pupil.” House members favored a simple calculation dividing the operating budget by enrollment, arguing that it is clearer to the public and matches how taxpayers think about school costs. Senate members preferred the existing RSA-based definition for consistency across statutes and noted that the current definition was about to take effect. Members also debated whether the ballot language should specify the figure as being for the “preceding year,” and some House members ultimately agreed to that clarification while one member did not. After discussion, the Senate declined to move off its position on the calculation method, but agreed to a compromise amendment adding “for the preceding year” to the Senate language so it would align with the rest of the ballot information. The committee then agreed to draft the report with that amendment. The committee then turned to House Bill 71, dealing with restrictions on using public school and higher education facilities to shelter certain migrants, along with a Senate-added provision requiring DHHS contracts to comply with the patient bill of rights. Members generally said they supported the base policy of the bill, but Representative Noble raised a drafting concern about a repeal section that appeared to undo the new contract requirement; the group discussed removing that repeal language and adjusting effective dates. The committee also reviewed Senate-added language creating a donation fund for a proposed accessible pier at Hampton Beach. Supporters said the project would be privately funded through donations, with the state park division managing the fund and any remaining balance eventually transferring to an existing state park donations account if the pier is not built. Members questioned maintenance costs, fundraising responsibility, and whether the account was necessary, but the Senate explained the fund was intended to provide a mechanism for private fundraising and future maintenance support.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Higher Education - 03/11/25

Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • data from DEED, the median salary for an EMT in Minnesota is $22,265 an hour.
  • salary data from deed the median salary salary data from deed the median salary for<00:26:03.880
  • , of course, but then benefits that go along with that salary.
  • and benefits again uh resident salaries and benefits again so<00:59:00.359> the<00:59:00.480>
  • in the country will provide uh a salary in the country will provide uh a salary of<00:59:19.440>
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

House Legislative Session Day 35 (2-26-26) - Reupload

Kentucky House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • We've been dealing with salary classification studies, which were finally completed and have now been
  • We have a 2% in one salary increment.
  • <00:19:27.840> classification been dealing with salary classification been dealing with salary
  • Salary salary increment fairness.
  • Salary salary increment language<00:35:10.079> is<00:35:10.320> updated<00:35:10.800>
Summary: The House convened with 97 members present, declared a quorum, approved excusing absent members, and suspended the rules to allow co-sponsorships and vote modifications. The journal for February 25, 2026 was approved. The clerk also reported that the Senate had passed Senate Bills 98 and 122 and requested concurrence. The House then received second-reading reports on a range of bills, including measures on prison educational programs, respiratory care, dietitians, wildlife depredation, temporary structures, military families, civil rights, local boards of education, light pollution, controlled-substance prescribing licenses, youth health services, class sizes for exceptional children, the athletic trainer compact, limited commercial driver’s licenses, and Senate Bill 145 relating to the Department of Agriculture and Alcohol Beverage Control. Committee reports moved several bills forward, including the main budget bills House Bill 500 and House Bill 504, along with measures on workforce investment, data centers, domestic violence, guardians ad litem, domestic relations, health delivery and “food is medicine” initiatives, state personnel, open records, and fish and wildlife resources. House Bill 500 and House Bill 504 were taken from the Rules Committee and placed on the orders of the day. House Bill 500, the executive branch budget bill, was then taken up for third reading and explanation. Members presented extensive floor explanations of House Bill 500 and House Committee Substitute 1, describing it as a “good first draft” of the executive budget. Supporters said the proposal emphasizes restrained spending growth, base reductions with exemptions for key areas, employee salary increments, and deposits to the Budget Reserve Trust Fund for future one-time investments. They highlighted funding for K-12 education, postsecondary aid and workforce training, Medicaid and behavioral health, public health infrastructure, pensions, veterans, public safety, economic development, tourism, and state technology and facility maintenance. The budget substitute was adopted by voice vote, and the discussion continued with detailed descriptions of the bill’s provisions; no final passage vote was shown in the excerpt.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Pensions, Investments & Financial Services Apr 23rd, 2025

Pensions, Investments & Financial Services

Transcript Highlights:
  • On an employee's salary based on the state minimum salary schedule; however, public charter schools,
  • full salary.
  • For things like teacher salaries.
  • full salary.
  • Pay above the minimum salary schedule, but I think there are still some that only pay the minimum salary
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

89th Legislative Session Mar 17th, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • HB 2474 by Simmons relating to the study regarding the education or intention of the gynecologists in
  • Placement of minimum salary scheduled for the public school employees referred to the Committee of Public
  • HB 2529 by Dean relating to the annual state salary supplement for certain county judges, refer to the
  • HB 2542 by Kitzman relating to the establishment of a work group to study the recommendations on certain
  • HB 2562 by Isaac relating to a limitation on the salary of superintendents and chief executive officer
TX

Texas 89th Regular

89th Legislative Session Mar 17th, 2025

Texas House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • HB 2499 by Gerdes relating to the placement of minimum salary schedule for the public school employees
  • HB 2529 by Dean relating to the Annual State Salary Supplement for certain county judges refer to the
  • culture, recreation and tourism, HB 2542 by Kitzman relating to the establishment of a work group to study
  • the Committee on Land and Resource Management, HB2562. do by Isaac relating to a limitation on the salary
  • Social Studies Curriculum for a Public School.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • numbers, a $50,000 a year annual salary numbers, a $50,000 a year annual salary and<00:26:25.360
  • You would go back to the $50,000 salary You would go back to the $50,000 salary and<00:26:47.840
  • We've done a lot of studying. We helped with the bill. We have no recommendations.
  • It is specific to each group, and I did bring the actuarial study.
  • The actuarial study indicates it would not add to the unfunded liability."
Summary: The meeting opened with roll call, a quorum was confirmed, and the minutes were approved. The committee then heard testimony on Senate Bill 9, which concerns TRS sick leave audit requirements and process. Auditor Allison Ball’s staff said the audit is an information-gathering review of how teacher sick leave is accumulated, current balances, how many employers use the sick leave function, and the policies and procedures governing sick leave. Members discussed how unused sick leave affects retirement calculations, the distinction between the state’s financial responsibility and school districts’ responsibility, and whether the audit would also examine related leave categories such as personal leave, annual leave, and leave of absence. Committee members emphasized that Senate Bill 9 was intended to add accountability and standardize reporting, including preventing annual leave from being rolled into sick leave. Several members asked for clarification on how sick leave is factored into retirement benefits. Witnesses and members explained that, under the system described, accumulated sick leave can be converted into retirement credit based on a teacher’s daily rate and then multiplied by a percentage, with the school district often bearing the cost. Members also noted nuances in the law, including different accumulation limits by hire date and tier, and that the audit may help the public better understand why some educators retire relatively young. The auditor’s office said it is still early in the process, has met with TRS leadership, and will report back once the audit progresses. The committee also asked whether maternity leave would be included; the auditor’s office said it was not specifically mandated but could be examined if the body requests it. The committee then received an overview of Senate Bill 10 from KPA representatives Ryan Barrow and Rebecca Atkins. They explained that the bill enhances retiree health insurance benefits for certain CRS members who are non-Medicare participants and meet specified career thresholds, with different rules for hazardous and non-hazardous service. They described the benefit as $40 per month per year of service for non-hazardous service and $50 per month per year for hazardous service, both inflated annually, and clarified that these amounts are not cumulative with prior benefit formulas. Members asked about the interaction between the new amounts and existing benefits, and the presenters explained that the bill also changes current employee health insurance contribution rates effective July 1, 2026, with different impacts by tier and hazardous status. The committee discussed the need for clear communication to affected employees and reviewed example calculations showing how the new contribution structure would work.
WA

Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Civil Rights & Judiciary Dec 5th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • Salary was number one. Debt was number two.
  • And I think, very basically, higher starting salaries.
  • compared to a public service salary.
  • It's been mentioned before: salary. This is not a panacea.
  • So salaries have to keep pace.
Summary: The work session began with a discussion of expanding opportunities in the legal profession, especially in response to shortages of lawyers in rural Washington and in public service roles. Washington State Bar Executive Director Tara Nevitt described a slowly growing but aging attorney population, noted that younger attorneys have declined, and outlined efforts such as supervised practice pathways to bar admission, reduced admission-by-motion experience requirements, expanded law clerk capacity, rural job fairs and grants, and a pilot program allowing innovative legal service delivery models. Members asked about bar passage score changes, loan repayment assistance, and the former Limited License Legal Technician program; Nevitt said the bar is monitoring other states and remains in dialogue with the court about paraprofessional licensing. Law school representatives from UW, Seattle University, and Gonzaga emphasized public service pipelines, financial barriers, and rural legal deserts, citing LRAPs, scholarships, stipends, clinics, and hybrid or regional programs designed to recruit and retain students in Washington. Seattle U highlighted its FlexJD and hybrid hub partnerships in underserved areas, while Gonzaga and UW reported substantial shares of graduates entering public service, though most still cluster in urban regions. The committee also heard from the Washington Association of Prosecuting Attorneys and the Office of Public Defense, both of which described severe recruitment and retention problems in rural counties, with vacancies, low applicant pools, and the need for higher salaries, housing help, internships, and loan support. The Office of Public Defense said its internship and fellowship program, created by SB 5780, has already placed interns in rural counties and produced some commitments to return after graduation. The Washington State Bar’s law clerk program was also presented as a pathway that helps people train locally and remain in their communities, including by supporting succession for aging solo practitioners. The committee then shifted to family law and guardianship issues. On Title 26 guardian ad litem practice, presenters from Northwest Justice Project and private family law practice said GALs can play an important role but that training, oversight, and consistency remain major concerns, especially in domestic violence cases. They described problems such as inadequate training, bias, inconsistent recommendations, high fees, and lack of accountability, and suggested stronger, standardized training, more use of mental health professionals for custody evaluations, and better oversight mechanisms. Members asked about county practices, including rotation systems for GAL appointments and whether King County’s family court assessors provide a useful model. The discussion then moved to minor guardianships under the Uniform Guardianship Act. A Superior Court judge said the 2021 changes increased the need for court visitors and appointed counsel, but courts are struggling to find qualified attorneys and visitors, especially in rural areas. A former commissioner said most of the bill under discussion was technical cleanup to align prior amendments, though it would add some fiscal burdens. Administrative Office of the Courts staff reported that the statewide reimbursement program for UGA implementation has repeatedly run out of money earlier each year, with minor guardianship costs making up most of the expense. The Office of Public Guardianship then described rapid growth in demand for adult guardianship and less restrictive alternatives, noting that referrals and caseloads have risen sharply, but that the office is constrained by a shortage of certified professional guardians and low compensation levels. Finally, the committee began an update on Blake implementation from the Office of Civil Legal Aid, which funds civil legal services related to the decision, before the transcript cut off.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Thursday, April 23, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • :30:09.120> US<00:30:09.360> Geological recent study from the US Geological recent study
  • So I've examined their salaries, and here's what I found: that the salary first year for a TSA worker
  • First-year salaries.
  • Well, I've gone on to show second-year salary, 10-year salaries, and I am proposing... Speaker.
  • , to show second year salary, to show second year salary, 10year<02:22:02.000> salaries,<02
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • almost half a million dollar salary almost half a million dollar salary right<00:51:29.640> we
  • <01:32:26.719> not geological and geophysical studies not geological and geophysical studies
  • <01:35:39.320> groundwater deep monitor Wells to study groundwater deep monitor Wells to study
  • <01:58:40.320> can certain population then this study can certain population then this study
  • by the Civil Service salary schedule.
Keywords: 910, house, all
KY

Kentucky 2026 Regular Session

Senate Standing Committee on Education. (2-5-26)

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • It does not cap salaries or mandate specific pay raises.
  • salaries or mandate specific pay raises. salaries or mandate specific pay raises.
  • That's two years of intensive study and leadership programming by KDE.
  • That's two years of intensive study and leadership programming by KDE.
  • <00:26:29.440> on what we found through through study on what we found through through study
Keywords: 958, all
Summary: The committee first heard Senate Bill 2, sponsored by Senator Julie Rocky Adams, which would prohibit school administrators from receiving a percentage pay increase greater than the average percentage increase given to classroom teachers in the same district. Supporters said the bill is intended to keep teacher pay from falling behind, promote fairness and transparency, and preserve local control through existing waiver options. Senators Thomas, Higdon, Givens, Neal, Williams, and others generally supported the bill, while Senator Meredith raised concerns about unintended consequences for rural districts and the ability to retain principals and other talent quickly enough through the waiver process. The sponsor and others responded that the waiver process is standardized and expedited, and that normal raises would not be affected. SB 2 was adopted unanimously with favorable expression. The committee then took up Senate Bill 4 on school leadership, with a committee substitute changing a reference from the Kentucky Chamber of Commerce to the Kentucky Chamber Foundation. Senator West explained that the bill is designed to create a coordinated five-year principal leadership pipeline, based on research suggesting that school leadership is a major factor in teacher retention and school success. The first two years would be KDE-run foundational training and mentorship, followed by a gap year, then a public-private partnership year with the Chamber/Truist program, and finally a fifth year of advanced training through approved providers such as Western Kentucky University or KASA. West said the goal is to extend principals’ tenure and improve leadership quality statewide. Ashley Watts of the Kentucky Chamber of Commerce testified that the Chamber Foundation has run the Leadership Institute for School Principals since 2011, sending 641 principals from 112 counties through the program at a business-funded cost of more than $4.4 million. She said the program has reached about 3 million students and produces measurable school improvement. Henderson County Superintendent Bob Lawson said the program has been valuable in his district and emphasized the heavy workload and leadership demands placed on principals. The discussion continued with testimony about the importance of principal leadership and the need to invest in it, but no final vote on SB 4 was reached in the portion provided.
HI
Transcript Highlights:
  • Committee approve the salary?
  • What is your salary for this position? What is your salary for this position?
  • Uncle Les said, I was there of salary?"
  • reach 150° F, according to some studies. reach 150° F, according to some studies.
  • There's this widely cited 2018 study There's this widely cited 2018 study from<01:47:45.840>
Summary: The Committee on Water and Land met on March 31, 2026, and heard testimony on several resolutions. HCR 13/HR 50, which asks DLNR to work with DOE and the Public Charter School Commission on a student coral stewardship program, drew comments from DLNR, which said it stood on written testimony and had proposed amendments, and from supporters in the room. HCR 61, urging investment in reforestation policies, workforce, nursery capacity, and related support for public and private lands, received strong support from DLNR and multiple testifiers, including members of a reforestation policy hui, a resident, and others who emphasized watershed protection, flood and fire resilience, and the need to upgrade nursery infrastructure and staffing. Committee members asked questions about nursery modernization, staffing, island-specific needs, and whether reforestation could reduce wildfire impacts; the DLNR witness said all islands need investment, with especially large opportunities on Hawaiʻi Island, and that healthier forests improve resilience though they cannot eliminate climate-related risks. The committee then heard HCR 136/HR 128 on wildland-urban interface safety standards for Maui plantation towns, but no one testified. It also heard HCR 185/HR 175, which urges denial of permits for ICE detention-related warehouses; Chris Coffey of Immua Alliance testified in support, saying migrant survivors of exploitation are harmed when ICE detains people and that Hawaii would not be the first place to take such action, citing examples from other states and cities. In questioning, members explored whether a local facility would keep people closer to families and services or instead increase local detention; Coffey said detention generally cuts off access to services and can intensify fear, and that a local facility could incentivize more detention and make survivors less likely to come forward. Finally, the committee heard HCR 155/HR 147 supporting the Hawaii Water Safety Coalition’s Hawaii Water Safety Act. Testifiers included Allison Shapera, who described the statewide water safety plan, Hawaii’s high drowning rate, the economic and human costs of drownings, and her personal loss of her daughter in a preventable drowning; Kirsten Hermstead and Kalani Vierra of the Hawaiian Lifeguard Association said the plan’s recommendations need legislative recognition to help with implementation and grant funding; and Jessamine Town Horner testified by Zoom as a co-founder and bereaved family advocate. The transcript provided does not show any votes or final committee actions on the measures discussed.
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Committee on Higher Education - 03/06/25

Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • So you can see the majority of that goes to salaries and fringe expenses.
  • So you can see the majority of that goes to salaries and fringe expenses.
  • <00:19:09.760> of is used to support um the salary of is used to support um the salary of
  • <00:37:59.160> human used um most uh often to study human used um most uh often to study human
  • Residents do receive a salary for their services.
Keywords: 1187, senate, all