Video & Transcript : 'code city' :
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CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Floor Session (Part 2 of September 12, 2025 Legislative day)
California House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- And as the state representative for the city of Benicia, it hits right at home.
- And as the state representative for the city of Benicia, it hits right at home.
- support of Senate Bill 237 and really appreciate the work of our working group chair from Swayson City
- Tony Aiton taught us that your zip code is more important than your genetic code, that the communities
- As such, this bill is now a giant firearm code cleanup bill, and it was a support...
Summary:
The chamber reconvened after a late-night session and first adopted the consent calendar, including ACR 107 on the Diablo Range, by a 48-0 vote. Members then took up several Senate bills and Assembly measures, with repeated remarks about the long hours and the need to respect staff and keep proceedings moving. A vote change was also announced for Assembly Member Patel on SB 414, changing from aye to not voting.
The main policy debate centered on energy, climate, and affordability. SB 237, dealing with oil and gas policy, refinery closures, pipeline safety, Kern County permitting, gasoline blend flexibility, and regional fuel coordination, drew strong support from members who framed it as a managed transition to stabilize fuel supply and protect jobs, and strong opposition from members who called it a giveaway to oil interests and a setback for climate goals. The bill passed 59-0. SB 254, an energy affordability and wildfire package, included wildfire mitigation financing, a successor wildfire fund, transmission cost reductions, clean energy permitting changes, and energization timelines; members raised some concerns about local control, but the bill passed 58-0. SB 840 and AB 1207 advanced the cap-and-invest reauthorization package, with supporters emphasizing emissions reductions, housing, transit, wildfire prevention, and community air programs, while opponents argued it would raise costs and function as a tax-and-spend scheme. SB 840 passed 54-15 and AB 1207 passed 55-10, both with urgency and immediate transmittal.
Members also approved SB 352, which makes the Bureau of Environmental Justice permanent and requires air quality monitoring and reporting on AB 617 implementation, by 43-19. AB 825, authorizing California to help establish a Westwide electricity market, was presented as a way to lower bills, improve reliability, and reduce emissions; it passed 67-2 and was sent to the Governor. Additional actions included concurrence in Senate amendments to AB 8 on cannabinoids and AB 383 on firearms cleanup, and the chamber began consideration of AB 764 on wildlife as the transcript ended.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- The amendment creates an exception for the nepotism prohibitions for public officials under the code
- of the Senate and a member of the House of Representatives in violation of Title 18, United States Code
- The Cheeky is exempt from Florida Fire Prevention Code.
- of the Mick Kosukee or Seminole Tribes of Florida, and attempts to circumvent the Florida Building Code
- It terminates existing sister city agreements as of July 1, 2026, if they are with foreign countries
Summary:
The Senate opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and a series of recognitions for interns, staff, and guests. Members also honored retiring Senate staffer Susan Miller and recognized a veteran injured in combat. After routine announcements, the chamber moved to returning messages from the House and began taking up bills and amendments.
The Senate concurred in House amendments and passed SB 118 on RV park assessments and SB 572 on ethics for public officers and employees, both by 38-0 votes. It then took up the elections bill, CS/CS/HB 991, which drew extensive debate. Supporters said it would strengthen election integrity by tightening citizenship verification and ID rules; opponents argued it would burden eligible voters, especially students, seniors, disabled voters, and others without the newly required documents. The bill passed 27-12. The chamber also passed the education package SB 182 after adopting a Senate amendment to the House amendment, and approved SB 474 on military affairs, SB 425 on historic cemeteries, HB 929 on local regulation of chickees, and HB 35/SB 1370 on habitual traffic offender designation, all with unanimous or near-unanimous votes.
The Senate then considered SB 902/ HB 733, the Department of Health package. Members adopted an amendment and amendment-to-amendment that preserved most Senate provisions while modifying or removing several House additions, including some early steps and medical marijuana-related changes, and the bill passed 37-0. The chamber also began work on HB 905, the foreign influence bill, with a strike-all amendment offered to expand restrictions on foreign influence, sister-city agreements, linkage institutes, and related activities, but the debate on that measure was still underway when the transcript ended. Several other returning messages and bills were temporarily postponed, and the Senate recessed briefly before resuming business.
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- of the Senate and a member of the House of Representatives in violation of Title 18, United States Code
- I move the Senate refused to concur in the House amendment bar code 277705 and request the House rescind
- The Cheeky is exempt from Florida Fire Prevention Code.
- of the Mick Kosukee or Seminole Tribes of Florida, and attempts to circumvent the Florida Building Code
- It terminates existing sister city agreements as of July 1, 2026, if they are with foreign countries
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Human Services Committee Apr 29th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm from The Arc of Ventura County in the city of Oxnard. I'm here to support AB 1220.
- with either state tax-exempt status under Section 23071(d) of the California Revenue and Taxation Code
- asylum seekers with either state tax exempt status under Section 23071D, the California Revenue Text Code
- , or federal tax exempt status under Section 501C3 of the Internal Revenue Code, are eligible for public
- Code are eligible for public funding.
Summary:
The committee heard a series of child care, social services, immigrant support, disability services, and language access bills, with many measures drawing strong support and no opposition. Early in the hearing, AB 450 proposed a Department of Aging task force to study and recommend policies for undocumented adults age 55 and older; AB 593 would let CDSS identify data-sharing opportunities to improve CalFresh administration and participation; and AB 904 would clarify child care subsidy eligibility so families do not lose care during pregnancy leave, family leave, caregiving, or job search periods. All three were presented as ways to reduce barriers and improve access to essential services, and AB 904 was moved out on a 1-0 call after support testimony from child care advocates and a member of the public. AB 617, which would expand and standardize respite care access for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities by requiring licensing and registry participation, drew both support and significant opposition from respite providers and disability service organizations concerned about added regulation, cost, and possible delays; the author said she would continue working with opponents, and the bill was moved out on a 2-0 call.
The committee also heard AB 1220, which would require regional centers to document denials, notices of action, and appeals in individual program plans and include that data in annual reports to improve transparency and equity in developmental services. The bill drew extensive public support from parents, advocates, and disability organizations, with no opposition, and passed 5-0. AB 752 would make child care centers by right in certain residential zones when co-located with multifamily housing or institutional uses, and supporters argued it would reduce zoning barriers and help expand child care capacity; it also passed 5-0. AB 1242 would create a CalHHS language access director, require human review of machine translation, and improve language coverage determinations for state and local agencies; supporters emphasized health equity and the need for better access for limited-English communities, and the bill was moved out on a 4-0 call.
Later, AB 548 would continue and expand the Asylee and Vulnerable Non-Citizen Program, which provides case management and integration services for asylees and certain visa holders; supporters said the program had been effective but had run out of funding, and the bill passed 4-0. AB 495, the Family Preparedness Plan Act, would strengthen family safety planning for immigrant families, standardize acceptance of caregiver authorization affidavits, and create a joint guardianship process for temporary separations; testimony focused on fear of family separation and the need for clear school and medical procedures, and the bill passed 4-0. AB 1357 would exclude guaranteed income payments from being counted as income for state public assistance eligibility, with supporters arguing it would prevent recipients from falling off the “benefits cliff”; it passed 4-1. Finally, AB 1201, the Reunity Act, was introduced to require individualized court assessments before denying reunification services to parents with certain violent felony convictions after a five-year period, with the author and a witness describing the bill as a trauma-informed approach to family reunification.
ND
North Dakota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Advanced Nuclear Energy Committee Jun 16th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Under North Dakota Century Code 61-04 and Administrative Code 89-03, the DWR is directed to administer
- Like I said, Sentry Code lays out, Process.
- And that public interest is further defined in Century Code.
- And really, just parts of the Century Code are silent.
- The other elements of the tax code, they can wait.
Summary:
The Advanced Nuclear Energy Committee met to review prior minutes and hear a series of presentations on advanced nuclear technology and state readiness. The committee approved the April 21, 2022 minutes. Nucleon’s William Bridge outlined the advanced nuclear landscape, distinguishing near-term light-water SMRs from more advanced Gen 4 reactors and microreactors, and emphasized that fuel supply, especially HALEU, remains a developing supply chain. He said light-water designs are the most deployable in the near term, while advanced reactors may be better suited for industrial heat applications and could face a 2- to 3-year delay from fuel availability.
Representatives from NASEO described how other states are supporting advanced nuclear through task forces, roadmaps, pilot programs, financing tools, workforce and supply-chain efforts, and regional coordination. They highlighted the Advanced Nuclear First Mover Initiative and stressed that states are focusing early on emergency preparedness, community engagement, waste management, affordability, and consumer protections. They also noted that some states are creating nuclear-ready community programs and cost-recovery guardrails, while public utility commissions are examining long-term lifecycle costs and rate impacts.
North Dakota agencies then outlined their potential roles. The Public Service Commission said it would likely be involved in public-interest review, siting, and rate regulation, but noted current statutes may not fully address long-term nuclear projects, co-location, or decommissioning. The Department of Environmental Quality said it would continue to regulate radioactive materials and likely support emergency planning, while fission reactor oversight remains federal. The Department of Emergency Services said it would serve as the lead off-site preparedness agency, needing a radiological emergency program, training, exercises, equipment, and possibly industry funding. The Department of Water Resources said North Dakota has sufficient surface water, especially from the Missouri River, but that water planning would be important; it did not recommend statutory or budget changes at this time. The committee recessed for lunch after these presentations, with no additional votes or actions taken.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Communications and Conveyance Committee Mar 19th, 2025
Communications and Conveyance
Transcript Highlights:
- In rural areas, not in the big cities. Missouri is a good example of that.
- Missouri had a Kohler requirement, but that requirement was not in the big cities.
- Louis and the other large cities, but it did apply where there was less competition.
- So the public utilities code is codified in CompSoft. It comes from assembly bills, Senate bills.
- As the CPUC, we have the responsibility to implement what is statutory code on public utilities code.
Committee:
House Communications and Conveyance
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Human Services Committee Jun 15th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- should not have an opportunity to even... ...reunify with my child due to Welfare and Institutions Code
- Our goal sometimes does not align with the Penal Code that defines the violent felonies and the bypass
- So the only felonies that apply are the ones that are specifically listed in the Penal Code as violent
- Ethan Nagler on behalf of the City of Glendale in support. Thank you. Good afternoon, Mr. Chair.
- That includes things like faster deployment of services, reduced bureaucratic overhead where city and
Summary:
The committee heard several child welfare, food assistance, child care, and developmental services bills. AB 308 would require a statewide evaluation of regional center safety training and crisis-response services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities; supporters said it would help reduce reliance on law enforcement and improve de-escalation and emergency preparedness. AB 1049 would remove sponsor deeming from the California Food Assistance Program, with supporters from food banks and legal aid arguing the rule creates confusion, chilling effects, and wrongful denials, while one member raised concerns about accountability and fraud. AB 1201 would narrow when a parent’s prior violent felony can bar reunification services, limiting the bypass to offenses involving a child or a child’s other parent/guardian; county and advocacy witnesses said the bill preserves judicial discretion and avoids automatic denials, though a member expressed concern about child safety in violent or criminal environments. AB 2379 would require family child care providers to be notified of constitutional rights and receive multilingual training regarding immigration enforcement; it drew broad support and no opposition. AB 2429 would make ACEs screening optional and reduce required classroom observations in the early childhood mental health consultation program, with supporters saying it would reduce administrative burdens and expand participation. AB 1755 would eliminate CalWORKs’ 100-hour monthly work penalty for two-parent families, and supporters said it would reduce poverty and administrative burden without changing income eligibility. AB 1981, presented later, would advance “true cost of care” child care rate reform, with providers describing the current reimbursement system as unsustainable. AB 2478 would create a streamlined kinship family approval pathway for foster care placements with relatives and other kin, and AB 1969 and AB 1996 would create statewide structures to coordinate cradle-to-career services and reduce child poverty, respectively; both were presented as data-driven, place-based efforts to align services and set measurable reduction goals.
Most bills received strong support from county agencies, advocacy organizations, and service providers, with little or no opposition testimony. Members generally praised the goals of the measures but asked questions about implementation, accountability, and child safety in the reunification and benefits bills. The committee took roll calls on the bills it heard, and the votes shown in the transcript were largely unanimous or near-unanimous, with several measures held on call after passing committee votes. AB 1049 was voted out 2-1, AB 1201 and AB 2379 were each voted out 3-0, AB 2429 and AB 1755 were voted out 2-0, and AB 2478, AB 1969, and AB 1996 were each voted out 2-0; the chair repeatedly noted that some bills would remain on call pending absent members. AB 1981 drew extensive support testimony from child care providers and allies, but the committee did not take a final vote in the portion of the transcript provided because no motion was available at that moment.
MN
Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session
Floor debate on automatically returning future budget surpluses to taxpayers 3/17/25
Minnesota House Floor Meeting
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- Chairman Livingston, David, District 28, Sun City, Sun City West, and Peoria.
- City of Phoenix.
- on the City of Phoenix.
- It's just the City of Phoenix and the City of Tucson, and they definitely have a lot of problems.
- The League of Arizona Cities and Towns did sign in against, so I won't assume the City of Mesa that I
Committee:
House Appropriations
Keywords:
brackish water, groundwater, desalination, water resources, feasibility study, environmental impact, dementia care, telementoring, healthcare education, rural communities, grant funding, braille, disability access, education funding, state corrections, inclusion, produce incentive, agriculture, economic support, funding
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House State Government & Tribal Relations Mar 3rd, 2026 at 08:30 am
State Government & Tribal Relations
Transcript Highlights:
- They write code, they submit code for review, another person has to do that review.
- And so part of the review process now is that an AI agent does the first review of the code and then
- An AI agent does the first review of the code and then provides feedback to the developer.
- are more people, especially in local years, those odd-numbered years where the school boards and the city
Committee:
House State Government & Tribal Relations
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Senate Bill 1864 is a common sense update to the agriculture code. It's an update to the code.
- In the code and also under the ruling of the agency as a licensee as a licensed aspects and that would
- I gave you my information, but now that aspects of the rest of the legal code or legal rule of the agency
- um, it would basically the way I read it, it will exempt, um, the state agencies or a municipality city
Committee:
House Agriculture & Livestock
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Senate Bill 2122 would remove outdated provisions from the Natural Resources Code regarding surface water
- Rule 78.16 Texas Administrative Code Chapter 3 Rule 78 Part N established a surcharge of 150 percent.
- It's really not consistent with what the natural resource code in the legislature is intended.
- In the natural resource code, that is the way we would want to implement for consistency across all of
- It's a very common sight in cities, and fully electric vehicles and hybrids are growing their market
Committee:
Senate Natural Resources
Keywords:
oil and gas waste, application fees, permit amendments, environmental regulation, Texas natural resources, battery recycling, battery disposal, consumer batteries, energy storage modules, electrochemical devices, lithium-ion battery, household hazardous waste, solid waste, municipal recycling, waste management, battery stewardship, producer responsibility, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, recycling program
MO
Transcript Highlights:
- firm, but headquartered in Kansas City remains our biggest office.
- New Western has an office in Kansas City and in St. Louis.
- Louis and Kansas City alone have 45,000 vacant homes.
- We worked with Tulsa and Oklahoma City last year on their bill.
- I'm actually a practical operator in the Kansas City marketplace.
Committee:
House Economic Development
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
Hearings to examine certain pending nominations. May 1st, 2025 at 08:30 am
Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Personnel
Transcript Highlights:
- to me and to all of Iowa, and that is about our Air National Guard refueling wing located in Sioux City
- National Guard's 185th air refueling wing in Sioux City was converted from the F-16 fighters to the KC
- It will directly impact the retention of the immense talent of these guardsmen in Sioux City and this
- aircraft capacity to meet that requirement. without reflow of combat-coded F-15Es.
- Thank you. 38 complaint, which under the Uniform Code of Military Justice allows service members to seek
Keywords:
Department of Defense, nominations, Matthew Lohmeyer, Justin Overbaugh, global security, military readiness, NATO, Russia, China, defense infrastructure
Summary:
The meeting was primarily focused on discussing nominations for key positions within the Department of Defense, specifically for roles such as the Undersecretary of the Air Force and the Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security. Senators expressed urgent concerns about global security threats, the need for robust military readiness, and the emphasis on effective collaboration with NATO allies amidst rising tensions with adversaries such as Russia and China. Several senators highlighted the challenges facing military infrastructure and defense capabilities, suggesting a critical need for improvements and investment in these areas to ensure national security.
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
US House Floor Proceedings (Monday, June 29, 2026)
US Federal House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- project ...stopped a Sharia city project backed by a Dubai-based development company.
- In 1978, Ursula became the first woman ever elected to the Tustin City Council.
- But her story did not begin in city hall.
- Ursula came to city hall to build a stronger Tustin.
- In Congress, he represented his beloved Jersey City, where he was born and Jersey City, where he was
MA
Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Committee on Education Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am
Joint Committee on Education
Transcript Highlights:
- It's clear, based on where we are now with our property taxes and their tax code, that we need to have
- It's clear based on where we are now with our property taxes and their tax code that we need to have
- where we are now with our property taxes and their tax code that we need to have more state support for
- That was code to my son for autism. He took the book off the bookcase and said, 'Goodbye, book.'
- We have 117,000 members across 400 locals in most of the cities and towns in the Commonwealth.
Committee:
Joint Joint Committee on Education
Summary:
The Joint Committee on Education held a public hearing on a large slate of bills, with most testimony focused on two main topics: improving access to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for students with disabilities, and raising educator pay statewide. On the AAC bills (House 514/Senate 418), parents, advocates, and attorneys described how AAC devices and communication books help nonverbal or minimally verbal children communicate, participate in class, and reduce frustration and behavioral issues. Testimony emphasized that while districts are generally required to provide devices, many teachers and school staff lack training to use them effectively; the bill would direct DESE to update licensure and training requirements so newly licensed teachers are prepared to support AAC users. Committee members asked about current teacher-prep practices, implementation, and whether DESE could act without legislation, and witnesses said the proposal was intended as a long-term solution and had previously received some support and compromise language.
The committee also heard extensive testimony on House 733/Senate 370, which would set a statewide minimum salary of $70,000 for teachers and $55,000 for education support professionals (ESPs/paras), with inflation adjustments and a phase-in structure that would shift costs over time from the state to municipalities. Supporters, including the bill sponsor, MTA leaders, and school employees from several districts, argued that current pay is not a living wage, contributes to staffing shortages and turnover, and forces many educators to work multiple jobs or rely on public assistance. They said the bill would help recruit and retain staff and better reflect the importance of the work. Committee members raised questions about how the state would fund the mandate, how it would interact with Chapter 70 school aid and local budgets, whether other states have similar mechanisms, and whether the proposal could create disincentives for districts already paying above the floor. Witnesses pointed to the Student Opportunity Act, the Fair Share Amendment, and the need for a broader school funding formula review as possible parts of the solution.
The committee also briefly heard and discussed Senate Bill 435/House Bill 736, which would require de-escalation training for school bus operators, with the training paid for by employers. The sponsor and a parent advocate said the bill was prompted by a school bus incident involving a child with cerebral palsy and epilepsy and would improve safety and reduce reliance on law enforcement. Members asked whether the bill should also cover bus monitors and other transportation staff, and whether private contractors and public operators currently provide similar training. At the end of the hearing, the chairs closed testimony on the full list of bills and adjourned the hearing without taking any votes.
WV
West Virginia 2026 Regular Session
Senate in Session Mar 10th, 2026 at 11:05 am
West Virginia Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- charters, and reports the same back with the recommendation that it do pass, amendments to city charters
- Engrossed Committee Substitute for House Bill 5622, amendments to city charters.
- This bill modifies a section in the motor vehicle code concerning the approval, design, production, and
- House Bill 5067 is a bill requested by the Department of Homeland Security to update the code to reflect
- another rule, a sunset extension from the economic development into the bill of authorization to avoid a code
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Floor Session Mar 3rd, 2026 at 02:00 pm
Washington Senate Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- You know, those cities may have had the authority to do it, but the cities had not used their authority
- Conway's grocery store in his district also happened to mine in the area of the neighborhood of Lake City
- fires, more intense fires, in different parts of our state, to make sure that our buildings are up to code
- House Bill 2417, the Secretary will read: An act relating to changing the Washington Code of Military
- This bill specifies rights for a victim under the Washington Code of Military Justice.
Bills:
SB6061 , SB6234 , SB6176 , SB6335 , SB6047 , HB2235 , HB2272 , HB2340 , HB2543 , HB2554 , HB2632 , HB2464 , HB2619 , HB1376 , HB1796 , HB2091 , HB2249 , HB2254 , HB2353 , HB2431 , HB2441 , SB5808 , SB5949 , SB6006 , SB6260 , SB6297 , SB6351 , SB6354 , SB6355 , HB2124 , HB1069 , HB2104 , HB2624
Keywords:
tourism, self-supported assessment, funding, statewide promotion, economic development, sewage, grinder pumps, residential buildings, regulation, construction, vehicle registration, enforcement, renewal, transportation, state law, state commission, infrastructure, traffic safety, responsibilities, state capital projects
MO
Missouri 2026 Regular Session
Corrections and Public Institutions Feb 9th, 2026 at 12:00 pm
Corrections and Public Institutions
Transcript Highlights:
- The Missouri State Highway Patrol has a large academy that is based here in Jefferson City and provides
- I've never seen it in print anywhere, code of state regulations statute, so I'm not sure I can completely
- Louis and Kansas City have the bigger ones. So we try to... Kansas City have the bigger ones.
- They can bring it up and it will tell the codes on what was going on with it.
- Does the device return a code back to the monitoring station when the battery is low also? Yes.
Committee:
House Corrections and Public Institutions
MO
Missouri 2026 Regular Session
Corrections and Public Institutions Feb 9th, 2026
Corrections and Public Institutions
Transcript Highlights:
- The Missouri State Highway Patrol has a large academy that is based here in Jefferson City and provides
- The Missouri State Highway Patrol has a large academy that is based here in Jefferson City and provides
- Louis and Kansas City have the bigger ones.
- They can bring it up and it will tell the codes on what was going on with it.
- Does the device return a code back to the monitoring station when the battery is low also? Yes.
Committee:
House Corrections and Public Institutions
Summary:
The committee first met in executive session and adopted a House Committee substitute combining House Bills 2592, 2834, and 2787 into one measure. The combined substitute was then voted do pass by a unanimous roll call, recorded as 15 ayes and 0 noes after a brief correction to the tally.
The committee then heard House Bill 1786, which would raise the Highway Patrol’s spending threshold for purchasing vehicles, watercraft, aircraft, and related specialized equipment without returning to the legislature from $100,000 to $500,000. The sponsor and Highway Patrol witnesses said the current cap is outdated because boats, armored vehicles, bomb trucks, and aircraft equipment now cost far more than $100,000, while members asked about inflation, the revolving fund, and whether a lower increase might be more appropriate. No opposition testimony was offered.
Next, House Bill 2885 was heard. It would redirect the first $1 million in annual boat registration fee revenue away from general revenue and into the Missouri Water Patrol Division. The sponsor and Highway Patrol said registration revenue has declined while operating costs have risen, and the division needs the money to support enforcement, search and rescue, dive operations, and boating safety programs. Members asked how much revenue is collected and whether the change would affect other programs; testimony indicated the bill would mainly earmark existing revenue rather than increase overall department funding.
The committee also heard House Bill 2694, which would exempt four fee-supported funds from the end-of-biennium sweep to general revenue: the Highway Patrol Academy Fund, the State Forensic Laboratory Account, the Boiler and Pressure Vessels Safety Fund, and the Elevator Safety Fund. The sponsor and Department of Public Safety witnesses said the sweeps make long-term planning difficult and can disrupt training, lab support, and safety inspection operations, though members raised concerns about excess balances, guardrails, and whether fee reductions should be considered if reserves grow too large. Finally, House Bill 1712 was heard; it would make intentionally failing to charge an electronic monitoring device a crime, closing a loophole in existing tampering law. The sponsor, a sheriff, and other witnesses said the bill addresses deliberate attempts to evade monitoring, while members discussed battery warnings, rural access to electricity, and the costs and benefits of pretrial release. No votes were taken on the later bills before the committee adjourned.