Transcript Highlights:

• This unfortunate reality shows us that xenophobic rhetoric can fuel dangerous attitudes and actions against
• The victim then switched lanes and began to drive behind the suspect.
• The victim then switched lanes and began to drive behind the suspect.
• This includes using thoughtful, responsible language and actions, not trigger words that cause and fuel
• The rhetoric surrounding immigration has really fueled the fire here in many places like California.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• There have also been fuel companies.
• </c> &gt;&gt; I think it'll switch now. &gt;&gt; I think it'll switch now. &gt;&gt; Okay.
• </c> very true. and the giant fossil fuel very true. and the giant fossil fuel corporations.<00:21:06.080
• She said it's to increase fossil fuels.
• Can't sell any more fossil fuel cars.

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The Judiciary and Agriculture and Environment committees held an informational briefing on how recent federal policy changes, funding delays, cancellations, and layoffs are affecting Hawaii’s climate mitigation and adaptation efforts, and on the legality of some of those federal actions. Chair Carl Rhodes and Chair Mike Gabbard opened the meeting by framing it as part of an interim series on the rule of law and Hawaii’s response to federal actions. They noted there would be no public testimony, only invited presenters, and that questions would be held until the end. No votes or formal committee actions were taken. State climate change coordinator Leah Laramie described broad impacts from federal actions, including grant cancellations, litigation over terminated funding, staff cuts at NOAA and EPA, and the effect of the federal tax and spending law she said would raise energy costs, reduce grid reliability, and threaten renewable energy and transportation projects. She highlighted the loss or expiration of incentives for EVs and other clean-energy technologies, the termination of the Solar for All program and other rescissions, and the risk to major Hawaii projects such as Carbon Smart Commodities and other energy and land conservation programs. She also said the state’s attorneys general had taken numerous climate-related legal actions, including suits challenging federal cuts and the oil companies’ role in the climate crisis. Retired Justice Michael Wilson focused on the rule of law and climate justice, arguing that Hawaii is on the front line of climate change and that fossil fuel companies pose the greatest long-term threat. He said the state lacks a comprehensive climate protection plan despite the urgency of the crisis, cited UN and scientific warnings about a limited time horizon and severe warming, and pointed to projected local harms such as sea-level rise, beach loss, infrastructure damage, and major economic losses in Waikiki. His remarks emphasized the need for stronger planning and legal accountability, especially in light of federal rollbacks and the influence of fossil fuel interests.

Transcript Highlights:

• Of course, we have protecting Arizona's fuel vulnerability, in particular Maricopa County.
• And so, in other words, we're going to see a huge increase in fuel costs.
• and fuel additive supply circumstances.
• Very good. smallest geographic area necessary to address the extreme and unusual fuel and fuel added
• That 20, about the current fuel waivers were under and specifically for the time frame.

Summary: The committee heard House Bill 2615, as amended by a strike-everything amendment creating an Independent Oversight Committee on the Department of Child Safety with 15 members, authority to review DCS data and practices, request briefings and audits, conduct site visits, and receive confidential complaints, with a $2.2 million FY 2027 appropriation. The sponsor and several parents and foster/adoptive caregivers testified in support, describing child safety failures and arguing for independent accountability, while some members questioned whether the Ombudsman’s office was the right home for the committee and suggested other oversight structures. The amendment was adopted, but the bill itself failed on a 5-5 vote. House Bill 2620, which would appropriate $300,000 annually from FY 2027 through FY 2031 to the Arizona Department of Veterans Services for grants to emergency shelters serving veterans, received strong support from the sponsor and shelter advocates who said the funding would help move homeless veterans toward stable housing and connect them with VA services. Members emphasized veterans’ service and the need for trauma-informed case management, and the bill passed with a 10-0 do-pass recommendation. House Bill 2321, requiring DCS to place and later remove a credit freeze for children in care to prevent identity theft, also passed unanimously after the sponsor and members discussed the administrative process and protections for foster youth. The committee then considered House Bill 2601, directing ADOT to seek federal segmentation for the Interstate 11 project between Casa Grande and Wickenburg so environmental review could proceed separately from litigation affecting the southern portion. Supporters framed the bill as a bipartisan way to keep the project moving, while opponents from environmental groups and several members argued it would encourage sprawl, harm desert habitat, and add cost and delay; the bill passed 6-4. House Bill 2992, a pilot program for child sexual abuse and grooming awareness education in six public schools, drew testimony from a trafficking survivor and others who supported prevention efforts, but some members argued the topic should be handled through broader sex education or parent education; it passed 6-4. Later bills also advanced: HB 2156, appropriating $250,000 to the Livestock Compensation Fund, passed 7-3; HB 2165, exempting certain veterans and National Guard members from state park admission fees, passed 6-4 after amendment narrowing the exemption; HB 2960, creating a veterans specialty court grant program and related data-sharing requirements, passed 8-0; HB 2014, directing studies on gasoline blends and fuel feasibility amid EPA waiver concerns, passed 6-2; and HB 2957, preserving non-Real ID licenses and limiting biometric/data retention with a Kavanaugh amendment, passed 5-4-1.

Transcript Highlights:

• California drivers face some of the highest and most volatile fuel prices in the nation.
• It expands access to lower-cost fuel, reduces emissions, and strengthens the reliability of our fuel
• My name is Jeff Wilkinson from Pearson Fuels, California's largest E85 supplier.
• We have 1.1 million flex-fuel vehicles on the road today that are capable of using gasoline or E85, switching
• We already have flex-fuel vehicles in California.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It is supposed to bring money back due to higher fuel prices, so since America is now— ...supposed to
• bring money back due to higher fuel prices.
• So in what way would this help reduce fuel prices?
• So in what way would this help reduce fuel prices? Well, the bill is never to reduce fuel prices.
• Fuel prices are high already.

Summary: The Arkansas Boys State House convened with a quorum, heard opening remarks from legislative leaders and guests, and then considered a series of bills focused on rural services, education, taxes, and zoning. House Bill 1001 would have increased rural health care funding through a 10% tax on individuals earning at least $300,000; supporters argued it would improve access and quality in rural areas, while opponents raised concerns about fairness, long-term funding, and whether it would drive away doctors and taxpayers. The bill failed by a vote of 24 yeas, 51 nays, and 1 present. House Bill 1002 would have limited the number of subjects rural teachers could be assigned and offered sign-on bonuses to recruit more teachers; supporters said it would reduce burnout and improve specialization, while opponents questioned funding and whether it would worsen inequities. After immediate consideration, it passed narrowly, 38 yeas, 36 nays, and 2 present. The House then debated House Bill 1003, which would regulate AI data centers through county zoning authority and a 10% tax on corporations to fund conservation efforts. Supporters said counties should be able to decide whether data centers fit local needs, while opponents warned about lost jobs, higher costs, and federal-state jurisdiction issues. The bill passed 62 yeas, 7 nays, and 3 present. House Bill 1004 would have reduced motor vehicle registration fees to offset high fuel costs, but critics argued it would reduce highway and road funding and strain the state budget; it failed 20 yeas, 46 nays, and 4 present. The chamber then took up Senate bills. Senate Bill 1 proposed incentives tied to SNAP benefits to encourage healthier food purchases and address food insecurity and obesity; supporters framed it as a way to improve access to healthy food, while opponents objected to taxing junk food and burdening SNAP users. It passed 43 yeas and 27 nays. Senate Bill 2 would require reading tests in middle school and state tutoring for students who fail; supporters said it would address literacy problems early, while opponents wanted clearer provisions for older students and implementation. It passed 67 yeas, 6 nays, and 1 present. Senate Bill 3 would cut individual and corporate income taxes to promote economic growth and ease cost-of-living pressures; supporters cited prior tax cuts and business attraction, while opponents said the benefits would mostly go to wealthy corporations and CEOs. It passed 53 yeas, 15 nays, and 16 present. Senate Bill 4 created a mixed-use zoning grant program funded by a 1% hotel tourism tax to encourage affordable housing and downtown redevelopment; it passed 51 yeas, 7 nays, and 13 present. The session ended with a motion to adjourn, which carried.

Transcript Highlights:

• bring money back due to higher fuel prices.
• Rising fuel prices are happening all over the country right now.
• So in what way would this help reduce fuel prices?
• So, in what way would this help reduce fuel prices? Well, the bill is never to reduce fuel prices.
• Fuel prices are high already. This bill is bringing money back to the person driving that vehicle.

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• few 18-year-olds who go to school with a major and graduate with the same one, and sometimes they switch
• few 18-year-olds who go to school with a major and graduate with the same one, and sometimes they switch
• </c><00:40:13.680><c> their</c> because they're just switching their because they're just switching their
• So at stake is Minnesota iron relevance to the industry, fuels, ammonia, fertilizers, concrete, which
• Thank you. ...relevance to the industry, fuels, ammonia, fertilizers, and concrete, which really drives

Bills: HF2634, HF2241, HF2649, HF2520, HF2610

Keywords: North Star Promise, scholarship, higher education, Minnesota Office of Higher Education, in-demand jobs, workforce development, career training, job market, high-demand occupations, high-demand industries, college aid, state financial aid, FAFSA, student eligibility, program of study, degree program, certificate program, community college, university, labor market data

Transcript Highlights:

• from sales tax, which makes up about half of all travel-related revenues generated, including motor fuel
• Most Texans disfavor the status quo—switching clocks back and forth twice a year.
• Then it's abruptly stolen with the switch to daylight saving time and doesn't return for nearly two more

Bills: SB1888, SB3003, SB2417, SB2459, SB3055, HB1393, HB2884, SB2943

Keywords: grand jury, jury qualifications, jury wheel, small counties, Texas legislation, age verification, obscene devices, online sales, juvenile protection, penalties, antitrust, attorney general, Texas Free Enterprise, business regulations, legal confidentiality, personal identifying information, data brokers, judicial safety, civil rights, data privacy

Transcript Highlights:

• revenues from sales tax, which makes up about 50% of all the travel and tourism revenues generated, motor fuel
• Most Texans disfavor the status quo, switching clocks back and forth twice a year.
• Then it's abruptly stolen with the switch to daylight saving time and doesn't return for nearly two more

Bills: SB 1888, SB 3003, SB 2417, SB 2459, SB 3055, HB 1393, HB 2884, SB 2943

Keywords: grand jury, jury qualifications, jury wheel, small counties, Texas legislation, age verification, obscene devices, online sales, juvenile protection, penalties, antitrust, attorney general, Texas Free Enterprise, business regulations, legal confidentiality, personal identifying information, data brokers, judicial safety, civil rights, data privacy

Transcript Highlights:

• So I'm going to switch my vote to a yes and support it.
• So I'm going to switch my vote to a yes and support it.
• If you'll note, in March is when they switch the clocks to daylight saving time.
• So I'm looking at tax credits like for businesses in distressed communities, the alternative fuel tax
• Like for an example, you had mentioned the alternative fuel. It expired in 2018. Correct. Expired.

Keywords: 959, house, all

Summary: The House convened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and approval of the prior day’s journal by roll call vote, 123-1. Members then introduced a series of guests, including physicians, sheriffs, students, interns, local officials, and school groups visiting from several districts. One member also offered a personal privilege statement celebrating her son’s 33rd birthday and his service and family life. The chamber then took up House Bill 1758, which would make daylight saving time permanent in Missouri if federal law allows. Supporters argued it would end the twice-yearly clock change and could benefit children, productivity, and mental health; opponents warned of darker winter mornings, safety concerns, and poor alignment with circadian rhythms. After extended debate, the bill passed third reading by a vote of 107-31, with two present. The House also perfected and printed House Bill 3329, which repeals expired or unused tax credits, and House Bill 3405, which clarifies that SALT/pass-through entity treatment is a deduction rather than a tax credit for reporting purposes. Both tax bills were presented as cleanup and efficiency measures, with supporters emphasizing accountability and reduced Department of Revenue workload; both were approved without recorded opposition in debate. The House then debated House Bill 2426, a parental rights bill covering education, medical decisions, privacy, and related issues for children. The sponsor said it would recognize parents’ rights as fundamental and require strict scrutiny for government actions affecting those rights. Members raised concerns about broad language, school attendance for religious reasons, recording and data collection, treatment of minors for venereal disease, and the bill’s impact on school district administration and transparency. An amendment from a St. Louis County member on IEP procedures was adopted 98-25 with six present; it would require parental consent for major IEP changes such as placement changes, removal of services, or significant service-minute changes. Debate continued on the underlying bill, including objections that it would increase government involvement and concerns about school district financial disclosure provisions.

Transcript Highlights:

• issue that hasn't been discussed up to this point, at least not that I've heard, is that EV owners who fuel
• Air pollution from fossil fuel combustion is responsible for 350,000 premature deaths in the U.S. each
• A Midwest study found that a savings of eight billion dollars could be achieved through switching from

Bills: HF2438

Keywords: transportation finance, transportation policy, MnDOT, Minnesota Department of Transportation, Department of Public Safety, Metropolitan Council, highway funding, trunk highway fund, county state-aid highway fund, municipal state-aid street fund, state aid roads, local roads, bridge funding, road construction, transit funding, passenger rail, freight rail, aviation, airport development, safe routes to school

Transcript Highlights:

• Thank you for having the Water Authority to speak to you today about the bulk fuels facility jet fuel
• of fuel that's ultimately dissolving into groundwater.
• So we had a fuel release area which the fuel release probably started in the 50s and wasn't identified
• As the water table dropped, the fuel followed it further downward.
• So, that means soil vapor Soil, groundwater, as well as where the fuel occurred.

Transcript Highlights:

• It expands access to lower-cost fuel, reduces emissions, and strengthens the reliability of our fuel
• Fuel supply, all without requiring new technology or new vehicles.
• My name is Jeff Wilkerson from Pearson Fuels, California's largest E85 supplier.
• We have 1.1 million flex fuel vehicles on the road today that are capable of using gasoline or E85, switching
• We already have flex-fuel vehicles in California.

Summary: The Assembly Transportation Committee met as a subcommittee until quorum was established, then heard several transportation-related bills. AB 1614 would extend existing anti-piggybacking rules to Class 1 bikeways, prohibiting multiple riders on a single bike or e-bike; supporters emphasized rising e-bike injuries and trauma cases, while People for Bikes argued it could create unnecessary barriers and enforcement issues. The committee also heard AB 2193, which would make autonomous vehicle manufacturers responsible for traffic citations when no human driver is present; Teamsters and transit labor supported the bill as an accountability measure, and there was no formal opposition on file. AB 2629 would cap fees charged by DMV business partners for online vehicle registration services at 5% above DMV fees. The sponsor and consumer advocates said the bill would curb spoofed websites and hidden upcharges, while DMV business partners and related companies argued the cap would make the program economically unworkable and reduce service options. Members questioned how the 5% figure was chosen, and the bill advanced on a due pass recommendation to Appropriations after a roll call. The committee also heard AB 2046, which would allow EPA-approved E85 conversion kits in California to expand access to lower-cost, lower-carbon fuel; supporters cited consumer savings and emissions reductions, and the bill passed to Appropriations. Finally, AB 2346 proposed broader e-bike safety rules, including speedometers, lighting, age-based speed limits, local authority to set path limits, and consumer disclosures; supporters framed it as a response to serious injuries and illegal e-motos, while opponents raised concerns about overbreadth, enforcement, and potential profiling. The committee approved AB 2346, sending it to Judiciary, and later completed roll calls showing the consent calendar and the other heard bills advancing out of committee.

Transcript Highlights:

• It is supposed to bring money back due to higher fuel prices.
• So in what way would this help reduce fuel prices? Well, the bill is never to reduce fuel prices.
• Fuel prices are high alone. This bill is bringing money back to the person of that said vehicle.
• So in what way would this help reduce fuel prices? Well, the bill is never to reduce fuel prices.
• Fuel prices are high alone. This bill is bringing money back to the person of that said vehicle.

Summary: The meeting opened with remarks to Arkansas Boys State delegates about leadership, public service, and the significance of the Capitol, followed by prayer, attendance, and announcements that both chambers were organized and ready for business. The House then considered House Bill 1001, which would have increased funding for rural health care through a 10% tax on people earning at least $300,000; supporters argued it would improve access and quality in rural areas, while opponents raised concerns about fairness, funding, and driving away doctors and taxpayers. The bill failed, 24 yeas to 51 nays. House Bill 1002, aimed at funding more teachers for rural school districts and limiting how many subjects a teacher could be assigned, drew debate over teacher burnout, funding, and whether it would improve outcomes; it passed after immediate consideration, 38 yeas to 36 nays, though the transcript later includes a conflicting note that it failed. House Bill 1003, the Arkansas Data Centers Act of 2026, would let counties restrict data centers and impose a 10% tax for conservation; supporters emphasized local control and resource protection, while opponents warned about jobs, economic loss, and federal issues. It passed 62 yeas to 7 nays. House Bill 1004, reducing motor vehicle registration fees, was debated as a way to ease costs for families but criticized for reducing transportation funding; it failed, 20 yeas to 46 nays. The chamber then moved to Senate bills. Senate Bill 1 proposed incentives tied to SNAP benefits and healthier food purchases, including a Double Bucks-style program; supporters said it would help address food insecurity and obesity, while opponents objected to taxing junk food and burdening non-SNAP users. It passed 43 yeas to 27 nays. Senate Bill 2 would require reading tests in earlier grades and provide state tutoring for students who fail; supporters said it would address literacy problems early, while opponents wanted clearer provisions for older students and more detail on implementation. It passed 67 yeas to 6 nays. Senate Bill 3, the Freedom to Earn Act, would lower the individual income tax rate from 3.7% to 3.0%; supporters said it would help working families and attract business, while opponents argued the benefits would mostly go to corporations and wealthy executives. It passed 53 yeas to 15 nays. Senate Bill 4 created a zoning grant program to encourage mixed-use development in growing cities, funded by a 1% hotel tourism tax up to $50 million; supporters said it would promote housing, small business growth, and downtown revitalization, and it passed 51 yeas to 7 nays. The session ended with a motion to adjourn, which carried.

Transcript Highlights:

• got answered Switching gears a little<00:37:49.160><c> bit</c><00:37:49.319><c> I'm</c><00:37:49.480
• Kind of switching topics here, I've got like three kind of random, off, very variety of questions in
• Kind of switching topics here, I've got like three kind of random, off-variety questions in terms of
• commissioner Peterson uh aviation fuel commissioner Peterson uh chair<00:54:17.160><c> putam</c><00:
• sustainable aviation fuel really working on<00:54:23.799><c> the</c><00:54:24.040><c> federal</c><00

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Let me just see if I can switch. There we go. My name is Betsy Peabody, and I am... There we go.
• When we burn fossil fuel or convert land use, that puts carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
• decomposes, that releases extra carbon dioxide on top of what we're putting into the atmosphere from fossil fuels
• through the Clean Energy Transformation Act, the Climate Commitment Act, clean energy standards, clean fuel
• We had an excellent potato crop, but the excess of the contracts switched... ...crop, but the excess

Keywords: 904, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Uh, and of the need for fossil fuels.
• You have 90 days of fuel on the ground.
• You have 90 days of fuel on resources. You have 90 days of fuel on the<01:17:32.640><c> ground.
• So I think they got 75 years of fuel stored on site up there in Bavarian.
• So I think they got 75 years of fuel stored on site up there in Bavarian.

Keywords: Meeting Start 00:00:00 Attendance Roll Call 00:00:10 Approval of Minutes 00:01:19 Helping Power Kentucky's Growth (LG&E/KU) 00:01:39 Update from Kentucky's Electric Cooperatives 00:47:35, 958, all

Summary: The committee met with a quorum, approved the minutes from the previous meeting, and then heard a presentation from LG&E and KU representatives Caroline Clark and John Bevington on economic development, energy demand, and the utility’s role in supporting Kentucky’s growth. Bevington described the company’s service territory, generation fleet, and recent economic development activity, including 76 projects supported in 2024, more than $2.8 billion in private investment, and over 3,000 new jobs. He emphasized that data centers are now the dominant driver in the pipeline, with 22 data center projects representing about 8.7 of the 9.7 gigawatts of potential demand, alongside other manufacturing and commercial projects. A major focus was how data centers choose sites and how utilities respond. Bevington explained that hyperscale data centers typically approach utilities first because they need transmission-level access, and that utilities then conduct internal analyses, estimate infrastructure needs, and require financial security before proceeding. He said the company is working through formal transmission studies and long-lead infrastructure planning, and noted that Kentucky’s sales tax exemption for data centers helped attract interest. He also outlined the economic benefits of data centers, citing an announced Louisville project of 525 megawatts and about $11 billion in investment, with an estimated $500 million in new tax revenue over 10 years, plus broader job and GDP impacts. Members asked about whether data centers could generate their own power, the reliability of the pipeline numbers given confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements, and cybersecurity concerns. Bevington said the company does not assume all pipeline projects will materialize in Kentucky and instead assigns probabilities to avoid overbuilding. He also said he was not the right person to address cybersecurity in detail but offered to return to a committee focused on IT or security. In response to questions about future supply, he said LG&E and KU are adding generation through a 120-megawatt solar facility in Mercer County, a 120-megawatt solar purchase in Marion County, and a 645-megawatt natural gas combined-cycle plant in Louisville, with PSC approval recently granted for additional generation and related system upgrades.

Transcript Highlights:

• size independent living community to purchase and install a generator with 72 hours of stored on-site fuel
• This committee has discussed generators and fuel sources extensively.
• through, like, sort of expand it to cover that full thing because you will be paying the transfer switch
• , the permitting fees, looking for the equipment, the fuel tank, and all of the other pieces that come

Bills: HB 660, HB 4845, HB 3902, HB 5396, HB 4615, HB 1825, HB 1403, HB 4336, HB 4585, HB 4371, HB 863, SB 1589, HB 5223, HB 3195, HB 2734

Keywords: child protective services, adult protective services, caseload limits, call processing goals, child-care licensing, employee workload, reporting requirements, employee caseload limits, protective services, workload management, accountability, Department of Family and Protective Services, employee goals, call processing, child care, human resources, government accountability, Medicaid, provider enrollment, revalidation

Transcript Highlights:

• large-size independent living community to purchase and install a generator with 72 hours of stored on-site fuel
• This committee has discussed generators and fuel... sources extensively.
• medication room and expand it to cover that full thing because you will. ...be paying the transfer switch
• , the permitting fees, looking for the equipment, the fuel tank, and all of the other pieces that come

Bills: HB660, HB4845, HB3902, HB5396, HB4615, HB1825, HB1403, HB4336, HB4585, HB4371, HB863, SB1589, HB5223, HB3195, HB2734

Keywords: child protective services, adult protective services, caseload limits, call processing goals, child-care licensing, employee workload, reporting requirements, employee caseload limits, protective services, workload management, accountability, Department of Family and Protective Services, employee goals, call processing, child care, human resources, government accountability, Medicaid, provider enrollment, revalidation

Transcript Highlights:

• issues that really addresses this issue, but again, is of neither the size nor the capacity to really fuel
• So, again, what I would raise is an opportunity to invest in research and education as a way of fueling
• In research and education as a way of fueling this industry and helping it move forward.
• Now, if I could switch—just me—you were talking about this, our research capacity, University of California
• leave behind several important revenue streams from a tax and an assessment standpoint that really fuel

Summary: The Senate Select Committee on California’s wine industry held its first meeting at Napa Valley College, with opening remarks from Chair Senator Christopher Cabaldon and Assembly Majority Leader Cecilia Aguiar-Curry emphasizing the wine industry’s importance to California’s economy, communities, and tourism. The chair said the hearing was intended to gather information and ideas, not to take legislative action that day, and to prepare for future work on legislation, budget, and oversight. The first panel focused on research and trends, with experts from Sonoma State, UC Davis, and Terrain describing a major structural downturn: falling wine production and sales, rising costs, labor shortages, housing pressures, changing consumer habits, tariffs, and the loss of younger consumers. They argued the industry needs to shift toward new-customer acquisition, more accessible products and messaging, evidence-based business decisions, and greater investment in research, education, and innovation, including work on disease, climate stress, and health-related consumer questions. Committee members pressed the panel on whether the industry’s future depends on adaptation by existing producers or market-driven consolidation, and on how California can reduce regulatory burdens while maintaining standards. Witnesses said the state’s universities are a “superpower” but are underfunded for wine research, especially on the business and regulatory side, and they urged review of outdated rules, better data collection, and more efficient compliance systems. They also discussed trade competitiveness, especially with imports and the collapse of exports to Canada after tariffs, and raised the need for transitional support for vineyard removals and replanting. The chair and majority leader emphasized that regulations should be evaluated for effectiveness and that California should use its research capacity to improve both industry practices and regulatory implementation. A second panel included representatives from growers, the Wine Institute, and family winemakers. Michael Miller of the California Association of Wine Grape Growers described a severe grower crisis: grapes left unpicked, vineyards abandoned or removed, falling vineyard values, and a need for relief on regulatory costs, trade barriers, water policy, and vineyard removal expenses. Honor Comfort of the Wine Institute focused on consumer outreach, especially younger drinkers, and described the Share Wine Co-Lab, an open-access marketing platform with research, webinars, case studies, and office hours to help wineries better reach Gen Z and millennials. Jane Lisa Tamayo of Family Winemakers of California was present but her remarks were largely garbled in the transcript. Committee members again stressed the need for education, better messaging, and caution about simplistic policy fixes, while also noting the importance of Canada as an export market and the risks of tariffs. The final panel addressed tourism, farmworker impacts, and water regulation. Visit Napa Valley CEO Lindsay Gallagher said Napa’s tourism economy remains relatively strong but is feeling the same international headwinds as the wine sector, including reduced Canadian visitation; she said Napa is broadening its message beyond wine to cuisine, wellness, and outdoor experiences. Sonia DeLuca of the Napa Valley Farmworker Foundation said declining sales and rising costs are reducing hours, wages, and training opportunities for farmworkers, and urged targeted relief, removal of barriers to sales, wage-loss support, and continued bilingual workforce training. She also said Napa’s workforce-development model is ready to support technology adoption if legal changes allow more automation. Finally, State Water Board official Annalisa Kihar gave an update on the Winery General Order, explaining that it was created in 2021 to streamline and standardize wastewater permitting, with tiered requirements and exemptions for very small wineries; she said 56 wineries have enrolled and 122 are under review, and that the board is working with industry and regional agencies to improve compliance support and flexibility.