Transcript Highlights:

• Very<01:17:07.280><c> few</c><01:17:07.440><c> increases.</c> Very few increases.
• Very few increases.
• </c> since how there's no increase in FTEEs. since how there's no increase in FTEEs.
• </c> rate increases. rate increases.
• </c> keeping up with the inflation increases. keeping up with the inflation increases.

Transcript Highlights:

• just have black-and-white copies, so just to make sure it appears that our state expenditures are increasing
• appears that our um State expenditures appears that our um State expenditures are<00:22:27.200><c> increasing
• Beyond Beyond in 2024 our are increasing Beyond Beyond in 2024 our expenditures<00:22:31.799><c> and
• We look at contractor lists, obviously, for prevailing wage and then ultimately for the certificate of
• We look at contractor lists, obviously, for prevailing wage and then ultimately for the certificate of

Committee: Senate Capital Investment

Transcript Highlights:

• Female applicants in these groups increased by 50%.
• applicants remain steady, indicating an overall increase in female applicants.
• As policing evolves and demands increase, educated troopers ought to be the norm, not the exception.
• This bill will increase those standards, increase the training, and make sure people operating heavy
• Nuclear weapons, rather than increasing our security, are a constant threat.

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security

Summary: The Joint Committee on Public Safety and Homeland Security held a public hearing on a wide range of bills affecting law enforcement, corrections, fire services, emergency management, telecommunicators, and sex offender policy. Testimony strongly focused on proposals to restore an education incentive for Massachusetts State Police troopers hired after the Quinn Bill was repealed, with State Police Association witnesses arguing the current system creates unfair pay disparities, hurts recruitment and retention, and leaves newer troopers earning less than some supervisors with the same or less education. They urged favorable reports on H. 2651, S. 1759, and S. 1783. A separate witness also supported H. 2627, a sheriff’s pay-parity bill, while suggesting amendments to avoid distinctions between correction officers and jail officers and warning that the proposal should not be viewed as a funding issue alone. The committee also heard testimony on public safety and oversight bills. A rape survivor testified in support of S. 1663, arguing that municipal fire or police personnel convicted of sex offenses should not remain in positions of public trust. Senator Miranda testified in support of S. 1723, S. 1724, and S. 1727, which would create correctional officer training/accountability standards, a correctional inspector general, and privileged communication with legislators for incarcerated people; he said the bills respond to misconduct and lack of independent oversight in the Department of Correction. In contrast, the Fire Chiefs Association and Professional Fire Fighters opposed H. 2572/S. 1668/S. 1740 on emergency management, saying the bill was developed without enough collaboration, lacked local-control safeguards, and could undermine incident command and local decision-making during disasters. Several panels supported other public safety measures. The Fire Chiefs Association and PFFM backed S. 1641 and S. 1744 to create a Massachusetts Public Safety Building Authority to help fund fire station and municipal public safety building projects, and supported S. 1647 to implement the Walsh-Kennedy Commission recommendations on hot works and welding safety, including tougher penalties and training requirements. Witnesses also supported H. 2664/S. 1736 to create a hoisting machinery regulations board, saying current licensing standards for heavy equipment are too minimal. Another panel backed H. 2663/S. 1761 to classify 911 telecommunicators as first responders, citing stress, burnout, and the expanding role of dispatchers. Finally, an attorney from CPCS testified in opposition to S. 1752, warning that expanded sex offender residency restrictions would likely increase homelessness, make supervision harder, and raise constitutional concerns based on prior court rulings.

Transcript Highlights:

• And so, you know, a lot of our effort is continuing to press the federal government to increase the pace
• to augmenting or increasing firearms fees due to potential constitutionality concerns.
• That was an increase effective 2020. Prior to that, it was $19.
• Another DROS fee increase at this time is not advisable.
• Another DROS fee increase at this time is not advisable.

Transcript Highlights:

• Her next question is: we've seen increased reports of people using ChatGPT as therapists...
• Her next question is: we've seen increased reports of people using ChatGPT as therapists.
• Since then, has the CSU increased consultation with CFA since that rollout?
• Since then, has the CSU increased a consultation with CFA since that rollout?
• Sounds like the increased consultation.

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Higher Education and the Assembly Privacy and Consumer Protection Committee held an oversight hearing on the California State University’s AI-empowered initiative, including the systemwide rollout of ChatGPT EDU and broader AI integration across CSU campuses. Opening remarks emphasized both the promise of AI for student success, workforce preparation, and access, and the need to address risks such as bias, privacy, misinformation, environmental impacts, and mental health harms. CSU representatives said the initiative grew out of Academic Senate recommendations and a systemwide generative AI committee, and that the goal was to provide equitable access, training, governance, and workforce alignment across the 23-campus system. CSU officials described systemwide contracts for AI tools, the AI Commons training hub, and faculty grant programs supporting AI-related curriculum innovation. They said more than 93,000 ChatGPT EDU accounts had been activated, over 4,300 faculty had taken voluntary training, and $3 million had been awarded to 63 faculty-led projects from more than 400 submissions. San Jose State University highlighted its own AI-focused programs, courses, orientation training, faculty fellows, student ambassadors, and interdisciplinary efforts to build AI literacy and responsible use into instruction and co-curricular programs. CSU also said it was tracking metrics on adoption, academic outcomes, workforce outcomes, and environmental impacts. Faculty, staff, and student representatives welcomed the educational potential of AI but raised concerns about the rollout, saying it had moved quickly and without enough consultation or consistent systemwide policy. They urged stronger protections for academic freedom, intellectual property, privacy, equity, and worker input, and warned about bias, surveillance, job displacement, and the environmental cost of AI. Legislators pressed CSU and OpenAI representatives on training requirements, data privacy, bias reporting, discipline for misuse, liability, sycophancy, and safeguards against harmful uses such as non-consensual imagery or self-harm-related interactions. CSU said interactions in the licensed tool are private, data are not used to train models, and campuses retain their own conduct processes; members also asked CSU to follow up on systemwide training, policy consistency, and additional safeguards.

Transcript Highlights:

• Her next question is: we've seen increased reports of people using ChatGPT as therapists.
• Her next question is: we've seen increased reports of people using ChatGPT as therapists.
• If the CSU is investing in technologies that significantly increase energy and water consumption, this
• Since then, has the CSU increased consultation with CFA since that rollout?
• Sounds like the increased consultation.

Summary: The hearing focused on the California State University’s AI Empowered Initiative, including the systemwide rollout of ChatGPT EDU, the CSU Generative AI Committee, the AI Commons training hub, and the AI Workforce Acceleration Board. CSU officials said the initiative was designed to expand equitable access, avoid a digital divide, and prepare students for an AI-driven workforce. They described systemwide licensing, privacy protections, no use of CSU prompts or data to train models, voluntary faculty participation, professional development offerings, and a $3 million faculty grant program supporting AI-related teaching and curriculum projects across campuses, including San Jose State’s AI-focused programs and student orientation training. Committee members pressed CSU leaders and OpenAI’s representative on bias, privacy, data retention, liability, environmental impact, student mental health, sycophancy, and whether training should be required before access. CSU officials said training materials address ethical use, bias, and critical thinking, that interactions are treated like private email, and that users can report problematic outputs through the tool. They also said the system is separate from the federal preservation order affecting public ChatGPT data. Several members urged more uniform, systemwide training and stronger safeguards, especially for students and vulnerable users. Faculty, staff, and student representatives offered a more cautious view. The Academic Senate and Faculty Association said they had long pushed CSU to study AI and support faculty development, but criticized the rollout as too fast, insufficiently consultative, and too focused on vendor partnerships and spending. They raised concerns about intellectual property, surveillance, bias, environmental costs, workload, and the need for bargaining and transparency. The staff union called for worker councils, negotiated guardrails, and protections against job displacement. The student representative supported broader access and AI literacy but asked for clearer campus policies, more consistent training, better privacy explanations, and stronger student input. No formal votes were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• If you look on page four, we give you a breakdown of those salaries, about $400,000 increase.
• in travel, just a normal increase.
• </c> contracts, you put the um the increase contracts, you put the um the increase of<00:05:04.240><c
• </c> period of time has greatly increased. period of time has greatly increased.
• If we get primacy, the workload will substantially increase, and we may need to increase our staff at

Committee: Joint Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:

• Each month of delays increases labor and material costs, inflates project budgets, and diminishes the
• Actually, ADUs, I think, represent the biggest increase in housing production of any sort of building
• We've already taken meaningful steps to increase density near transit.
• We've already taken meaningful steps to increase density near transit.
• We push low-wage workers farther from where they work.

Summary: The committee first heard SB 753, which would modernize California’s shopping cart recovery rules by allowing cities and counties to return abandoned carts directly to retailers, recover documented retrieval costs, and avoid the current impound-and-wait process. The author and supporters, including San Jose officials and the League of California Cities, said the bill would help clear streets, sidewalks, and waterways and reduce local costs. Grocers and retailers opposed the measure unless amended, arguing it would turn cart retrieval into a new cost burden and could create incentives for cities to charge too much for stolen property. After extensive discussion about notice periods, cost caps, and local ordinances, the committee adopted amendments and passed the bill 6-0 as amended. The committee then took up SB 445, which would speed up permitting and approvals needed for high-speed rail by requiring early engagement, setting rules for third-party coordination, and creating a dispute-resolution process. The author said the bill was narrowed from an earlier, broader transit proposal and was intended to reduce delays caused by utilities, local governments, and other entities. Supporters said permitting bottlenecks add major costs and delays to infrastructure projects, while opponents from utilities, cities, counties, telecoms, and special districts raised concerns about safety, reliability, affordability, and the need to review the pending amendments. The bill passed 8-1 to the Utilities and Energy Committee. The committee also heard SB 9, a narrower housing bill focused on accessory dwelling units. The author explained that it would require local ADU ordinances to be submitted to HCD for review and would make state standards control if a local agency fails to submit a compliant ordinance or respond to HCD findings. Supporters from housing and YIMBY groups said the bill would improve enforcement of state ADU law and prevent local barriers from slowing housing production. There was no opposition, and the bill passed 6-0. The committee then began hearing SB 79, which would allow more housing near major transit stops; the author and supporters framed it as a response to the housing shortage and transit underuse, and the hearing continued with extensive support testimony as the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, it has probably actually increased and is significantly higher at this point.
• But that is much closer, and maybe we could increase the number of ADA-compliant options.
• General public, because anything that can increase traffic increases revenue and actually makes your
• Increased, and schools would rally. That's all taken out of this. It's just listed as we do this.
• So we can do construction for a utility project because utilities can increase their rates.

Committee: House New Mexico Finance Authority Oversight Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• In 2024 alone, 215 people were killed in work zone accidents, a 12% increase. from the year before.
• So we think coupled with increased awareness and additional. enforcement tools, and I firmly believe
• HB 3913 increases consumer. Clarity, choice, and transparency regarding real estate brokerage.
• Third, this bill increases transparency through written agreements.
• for insurance, wages, property taxes, and general operations.

Bills: HB679 , HB1764 , HB1788 , HB2186 , HB2204 , HB2418 , HB2885 , HB2983 , HB2996 , HB3250 , HB3352 , HB3756 , HB3816 , HB3913 , HB3928 , HB4077

Committee: House Licensing & Administrative Procedures

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> going to increase. going to increase.
• Is it increasing the amount of doing.
• </c> Senator Wiggins is doing is increasing Senator Wiggins is doing is increasing the<01:32:16.719><
• </c> a weight and that we're just increasing a weight and that we're just increasing the<01:33:16.960
• So, yes, we're increasing the for.

Committee: Joint Education

Transcript Highlights:

• Let's be clear, this bill is designed to increase civilian purchases of these weapons.
• </c><00:24:51.440><c> civilian</c> bill is designed to increase civilian bill is designed to increase
• </c> increased risk of harm to public safety. increased risk of harm to public safety.
• </c> These tools reduce the risk and increase These tools reduce the risk and increase transparency<00
• Just in the first year of President Trump, wages grew more than all four years under Joe Biden.

Transcript Highlights:

• So that increases all of these costs.
• So that increases all of these costs.
• quantity is going to increase of what they're cooking and serving.
• Many of the producers were asking for a rate increase.
• I kept it where it was and was just asking for the rate increase.

Committee: House Health and Welfare

Summary: The committee met on April 1 and considered several health-related bills and one resolution. HB 933, by Rep. Charles Owen, would create commemorative birth certificates and adjust vital records fees; after adopting a technical amendment, the committee reported the bill favorably. HB 288, by Rep. Boyer, would require the term “miscarriage” to appear alongside “spontaneous abortion” in medical documentation and billing; after an amendment changed the bill from mandatory “shall” language to permissive “may,” the committee heard emotional testimony both in support and opposition and then reported the bill favorably as amended. HB 420, by Rep. Berault, would require criminal background checks and registry review for all DCFS employees, not just those with direct contact with children; it was reported favorably. The committee also voluntarily deferred HB 927 and HB 962. The committee then heard HB 971, by Rep. Stagney, which seeks to equalize Medicaid reimbursement rates for independent rural health clinics and hospital-owned provider-based clinics. Supporters, including clinic owners and practitioners, testified that independent clinics provide the same services under the same rules but receive far lower reimbursement, making it difficult to retain staff and avoid sale to hospital systems. The author said the bill is intended to prompt discussion and eventual parity without harming hospitals, and the committee reported the bill favorably. HB 815, by Rep. Carver, would allow federally insured financial institutions to receive death certificate information from vital records to reduce losses and help reconcile account issues after a death; credit union representatives supported the measure, and it was reported favorably. The committee also adopted HR 74, by Rep. Sterling, which urges the Department of Education and local school authorities to report on how schools accommodate students with seizure disorders. Sterling described personal experience with epilepsy and said the resolution is meant to gather data on implementation of existing seizure action plan law and identify gaps in access to rescue medication and training. Finally, the committee took up HB 915, by Rep. Dickerson, which would place Medicaid prior authorization and utilization management timelines into statute. After technical and substantive amendments, including changing some deadlines from five business days to seven calendar days, the bill drew support from providers and health groups concerned about delays in care, and the committee reported it favorably as amended. The committee also began consideration of HB 944, by Rep. Hilferty, creating a women’s consortium within LDH focused on menopause and related women’s health issues; technical amendments were adopted and testimony emphasized coordination of existing research and resources, but the transcript cuts off before final action on that bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• They want to use some hotel tax revenue for hunting, golf resorts, and increase sports tourism very broadly
• Further, the project is expected to increase local hotel occupancy rates by 5 percentage points and is
• It is expected to increase local hotel occupancy rates up to 5 percent throughout Allen and the vicinity
• As we think about a 7% increase, some of these groups, like I said, would not be able to come in.
• One is that we wouldn't be able to stay up with inflation and give wage increases to our valued employees

Bills: HB 1039 , HB2289 , HB2370 , HB2404 , HB3066 , HB3076 , HB3117 , HB3118 , HB3169 , HB3178 , HB3179 , HB3182 , HB3196 , HB3241 , HB3377 , HB3500 , HB3567 , HB3715 , HB3954 , HB4098 , HB4109 , HB4222 , HB4226 , HB4412 , HB4659 , HB4682 , HB4683 , HB4755 , HB4926 , HB5165 , HB5562 , HB5596

Committee: House Ways & Means

Summary: The committee heard a long series of bills, most of them expanding or adjusting hotel occupancy tax or qualified hotel project authority for specific local governments. Measures discussed included HB 2404 for Childress County; HB 3066 for Allen’s Kalahari resort project; HB 4682 for Plano; HB 4683 for Anna; HB 3076 creating a project finance zone in Frisco; HB 3567 for Wichita County; HB 3715 for McAllen; HB 1039 for Alpine; HB 3182 for Burleson; HB 4926 for Grimes County; HB 4222 for Victoria County; HB 3377 for Katy; HB 4659 for Addison; HB 3241 for Georgetown; HB 4098 for Taylor; HB 3178 for Kerr County; HB 3179 for Mason County; HB 2289 for New Braunfels; HB 4412 for Kermit; HB 5165 for Monahans; HB 3500 for Bastrop; and HB 3169 for Carrollton. In each case, authors and local officials described tourism, convention, hotel, airport, or mixed-use development needs and argued the bills would help attract visitors, investment, and jobs. One non-hotel-tax bill, HB 4226, would exempt Texas food banks from sales tax on vehicle purchases and rentals, with testimony emphasizing the scale of food bank operations and the savings’ impact on meal delivery and disaster response. Testimony was generally supportive from city officials, economic development representatives, and industry groups such as the Texas Hotel and Lodging Association. Several witnesses described major private projects, including Kalahari in Allen, a proposed hotel and conference center in Addison, a mixed-use project in Georgetown, and a large development tied to Samsung growth in Taylor. For HB 4226, food bank representatives said the bill would help them purchase refrigerated trucks and other delivery vehicles, while an opponent questioned the fiscal note and the scope of the exemption. HB 4926 drew opposition from Camp Allen, whose representative argued a new county hotel tax would raise costs for guests and could hurt the retreat center’s operations. HB 3178 also drew an objection from a Kerr County resident who argued the tax would grow county government and pointed to event center losses, though the author said the revenue would support tourism-related county uses. The committee took no final votes on the bills in this transcript. After each bill was laid out and testimony concluded, the chair repeatedly asked whether there was objection to leaving the bill pending; in each instance, no objection was heard, and the bills were left pending. Several committee substitutes were offered and then withdrawn or noted as conforming drafts, but no bill was reported out or otherwise acted on beyond being left pending.

Transcript Highlights:

• They're basically student help working at minimum wage for no more than 10 hours a week, so I'm not sure
• help working they're basically student help working at<01:31:04.639><c> minimum</c><01:31:05.239><c> wage
• ><c> no</c><01:31:06.880><c> more</c><01:31:07.080><c> than</c><01:31:07.239><c> 10</c> at minimum wage
• um for no more than 10 at minimum wage um for no more than 10 hours<01:31:07.760><c> a</c><01:31:07.920
• They're basically student help working at minimum wage for no more than 10 hours a week, so I'm not sure

Summary: The committee first heard House Bill 707, which would create a state income tax deduction for contributions to Hawaii 529 college savings accounts and conform state law to federal changes allowing 529 funds to be used for K-12 expenses. The Department of Taxation said it could administer the bill as written. The Hawaii State Council on Developmental Disabilities supported the measure but asked that ABLE accounts be included and that the program title be changed; the Department of Taxation indicated the title issue could be a problem because the bill’s expanded purpose may not fit the current program name. No vote was taken. The committee then heard House Bill 617, which would fund a Bachelor of Science in Nursing program at the University of Hawaiʻi Community Colleges. UH Community Colleges supported the bill, and Maui nursing staff testified that faculty recruitment is challenging but manageable, clinical placements are available, and the campus already has a statewide RN-to-BSN pathway; they said the new program would create two tracks, including a four-year BSN option. Members also heard support from several organizations, including the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, nursing groups, and health care associations. No action was taken. Next were several UH-related measures. HB 718 would fund faculty and staff positions at the John A. Burns School of Medicine; the dean and other supporters testified in favor. HB 1279 would create a medical education liaison position tied to Project ECHO; the Attorney General raised constitutional concerns about statewide concern and grant standards, while an individual witness supported the concept but suggested the bill should focus on liaison/support functions rather than program administration. HB 1169 would consolidate conference center revolving funds, and HB 1168 would authorize up to $800 million in UH revenue bonds; UH’s CFO said both were procedural/housekeeping measures and supported them. On HB 1168, members questioned debt service, possible uses, and whether deferred maintenance would be included; the CFO estimated annual debt service could be about $33 million to $41 million at current rates, said likely uses could include student housing and research facilities, and said deferred maintenance was not the current strategy. The CFO also explained that revenue bonds require both legislative authorization and a Board of Regents resolution approving the project and amount. Finally, the committee heard HB 548, which would authorize revenue bonds and appropriations to acquire the St. Francis School campus for UH Mānoa. UH supported the bill but noted the property is privately owned and not known to be for sale. A supporter described the site as a unique 11-acre parcel contiguous to the main campus and urged the committee to seize the opportunity for future generations. No vote or final action was taken on the bills in the transcript.

Transcript Highlights:

• The court may impose additional safeguards, such as bond, budgeting, increased reporting, and retains
• The South waged a civil war against her own country. That's treason.
• Dexter's Law increases penalties for aggravated animal abuse, and it also created the very first ever
• Dexter's Law increases penalties for aggravated animal abuse, and it also created the very first ever
• The bill raises baiting or fighting animals from a level one to a level five, increasing the minimum

Summary: The Judiciary Committee heard and voted on a series of bills covering child abuse reporting, firearms products liability, crime victim records, guardianship eligibility, historic monuments, animal welfare, juvenile justice, and restrictions on sex reassignment care for minors. HB 373, on the statute of limitations for violations involving required child abuse reports, passed unanimously. HB 1551, as amended, clarified that a firearm is not defective merely because it lacks optional safety features and preserved design-defect claims and nonretroactivity; after substantial testimony and debate, it passed 13-5. CS/HB 1113, expanding public-records protections for crime victims and briefly exempting law enforcement victims, passed unanimously. CS/HB 737, allowing courts more discretion in appointing guardians with prior felony convictions and adding a narrow exception for certain older convictions, also passed unanimously as amended.

Transcript Highlights:

• So, politically, there's a lot of push behind increased uranium mining in the United States. Next.
• The Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulates all mills, but there's an increase in processing later on
• And ironically, because the ore has been a bit richer, that actually increases it too.
• dust creation underneath the tarp covering, we want to see if there's any change, difference in increasing
• The coverage will increase from $50,000 to $100,000, a one-time payment.

Committee: House Radioactive & Hazardous Materials Committee

Transcript Highlights:

• I think it's something they've already got the tools in the toolbox to increase personnel.
• Has already come to you with their asked increase this year. So, this is within Aliyah's ask.
• I would like to see us tackle homelessness and increase affordable housing.
• We need to talk about universal basic income, better job benefits, and wage increases.

Transcript Highlights:

• So it allows a municipality to increase fees and utility rates, but only by the increase in inflation
• So if a municipality has had increases over the last four years that did not exceed that expected increase
• I ask, has any Arizonan seen an increase of $250,000 to their wages in the past 10 years?
• utility rates, to increase taxes, to increase fees, year over year, at a time when we're all struggling
• But the cities and towns go on to increase and increase and increase revenue, and frankly, Arizona can't

Summary: The House opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, attendance, and a series of guest introductions and recognitions, including Doctor of the Day Dr. Eric Osowski, State Farm visitors, Donate Life Day participants, and representatives from Ganado and Chinle Unified School Districts. The chamber also read proclamations honoring Ganado Unified for the ASBA Golden Bell Promise Program Award and Chinle Unified for multiple academic and cultural achievements, including national recognition for Chinle Elementary School and district leadership. The body then moved through committee and floor business, including consent for the Senate to adjourn, first and second readings of several bills, and a motion to reconsider HB 2429. In Committee of the Whole, HB 2093 was amended to restore mental health instruction while removing social emotional learning, HB 2229 advanced after debate over reproductive health and abortion-related provisions, HB 2429 and HB 2950 were amended and recommended do pass, and HB 4136 also advanced as amended. The House adopted the Committee of the Whole report and referred the measures to engrossing. The chamber then considered HB 4001, a bill regulating alternative nicotine products, with amendments and debate focused on licensing, enforcement, youth access, and whether to add a tax or education provisions; the bill was recommended do pass as amended. It also debated HB 4030 and the related HCR 2052, both aimed at limiting municipal tax and fee increases and allowing increases tied to inflation or new water-source costs. Amendments offered by Democrats to redirect the measures toward affordability, housing, and health insurance claims were ruled out of order or defeated on roll-call votes, while the Olson substitute amendments prevailed. The House ultimately adopted the Committee of the Whole report, sending HB 4001, HB 4030, and HCR 2052 forward as amended.

Transcript Highlights:

• That's a 94% increase, even through a global pandemic.
• Does that lead to requests for larger premium increases? Mr.
• It could increase costs if any state agency reached the computing threshold outlined in the bill.
• It may increase the number of investigations that the Attorney General has to conduct.
• This would likely increase the fiscal impact.

Bills: HB2073 , HB2403 , HB2587 , HB2607 , HB1170 , HB1570 , HB1710 , HB1750 , HB1834 , HB2441

Committee: House Appropriations

Keywords: health insurance, premium assistance, funding, healthcare, subsidies, failure to register, criminal justice, registration requirements, public safety, law enforcement, nonprofit, grant funding, pilot program, financial support, community development, child care, childcare, subsidy rates, rate regions, market rate survey