Transcript Highlights:

• We own the physical item, and we usually don't need to replace it.
• Often times we don't look to replace it until 40 checkouts, 70 checkouts, or more.
• Often times we don't look to replace it.
• Often times we don't look to<00:09:10.320><c> replace</c><00:09:10.560><c> it</c><00:09:10.800><c> till
• 40 checkouts, 70 to replace it till 40 checkouts, 70 checkouts<00:09:12.720><c> or</c><00:09:12.880>

Bills: HF3698, HF3067, HF3730

Keywords: libraries, electronic books, digital audiobooks, licensing agreements, public access, paraprofessional, paraprofessional qualifications, education support staff, teacher aide, teacher assistant, special education, Title I, federal personnel qualifications, Minnesota Department of Education, school district, charter school, cooperative unit, Read Act, reading instruction, math instruction

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm the CEO of Southwest Transit in Eden Prairie, who are one of the replacement service providers, the
• I'm the CEO of Southwest Transit in Eden Prairie, who are one of the replacement service providers, the
• I'm the CEO of Southwest Transit in Eden Prairie, who are one of the replacement service providers, the
• I'm the CEO of Southwest Transit in Eden Prairie, who are one of the replacement service providers, the
• They also operate another system in Prairie, who are one of the replacement service providers, the so-called

Bills: HF3553, HF3513, HF3576

Keywords: vehicle platooning, transportation, public safety, pilot project, Wilkin County, Grant County, autonomous vehicles, transportation regulations, driverless cars, safety standards, first responder interaction, school bus, third-party testing, driver certification, transportation regulation, 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• in Barnum, when Roxan goes out and times out, they are not quite sure who they are going to get to replace
• her</c><00:12:15.480><c> so</c><00:12:15.680><c> I</c><00:12:15.800><c> think</c> going to get to replace
• her so I think going to get to replace her so I think you<00:12:16.199><c> know</c><00:12:16.639><c>
• ><00:12:21.959><c> find</c><00:12:22.279><c> someone</c><00:12:22.560><c> to</c><00:12:23.199><c> replace
• </c><00:12:24.199><c> a</c> if they can't find someone to replace a if they can't find someone to replace

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• 48:23.359><c> such</c><00:48:23.559><c> a</c><00:48:23.839><c> thing</c><00:48:24.839><c> so</c> replaced
• by such and such a thing so replaced by such and such a thing so then<00:48:25.240><c> do</c><00:48:
• If you take out the words 'clear and convincing evidence,' replace it with 'preponderance of the evidence
• If you take out the words 'clear and convincing evidence,' replace it with 'preponderance of the evidence
• it with preponderance evidence replace it with preponderance to<01:20:17.639><c> the</c><01:20:17.760

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And this amendment replaces the whole bill, it looks like. Correct. This is an OTP.
• I thought you already did that, but go ahead again. >> Yeah, I move the amendment to replace all 1086H
• Does anybody else want any further information that this replaces the bill?
• the need for also to, you know, replace the need for this<01:50:08.239><c> test.
• the bill and it the the men replaces the bill and it gets<04:02:00.160><c> rid</c><04:02:00.239><c>

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Okay, so if they wanted to come in for a modification, they could if they're kind of replacing in kind
• There’s a lot of red, but basically it’s eliminating that section 14 and replacing it with S.P. 110.”
• There’s a lot of red, but basically it’s eliminating that section and replacing it with S.P. 110.”
• the uh a okay on 165 yeah well replacing the uh a power<03:01:32.760><c> of</c><03:01:33.120><c> the
• I don't know what I would replace that with. Quarter past four. Mr.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee heard a presentation from the Department of Environmental Services on proposed changes in House Bill 2 and related technical changes in House Bill 1 tied to the governor’s permitting realignment initiative. The proposal would move environmental review staff from Fish and Game and DNCR to DES to create a more centralized “one-stop shop” for applicants needing DES permits, especially for wildlife and natural heritage reviews. DES said the goal is to speed permitting, support a 60-day review clock, and improve coordination among agencies while keeping the substantive review work in place. Members asked about staffing impacts, the scope of the transferred duties, and whether the change would create redundancy or weaken the other agencies. DES said most of the affected staff work primarily on these reviews, though Fish and Game staff also handle other state and federal reviews, which is why the proposal was adjusted to keep one of the four Fish and Game positions there and move three to DES, along with two positions from DNCR. DES also described a new supervisory position in HB 2 to manage the transferred staff within its land resources bureau. Officials said the reviews would still be done by specialists, but under DES supervision, and that the agencies would continue to coordinate recommendations on species impacts and mitigation. The committee also discussed fee increases intended to offset costs, including a 50% increase in wetlands fees and a 100% increase in alteration-of-terrain fees, with the department saying the changes would cover the new positions. Members raised concerns about impacts on private homeowners, possible incentives to work without permits, and whether fines should be used more as a revenue source or for mitigation. DES said wetlands permits are roughly split between homeowner-related and commercial projects, that permit-by-notification already creates a two-tier structure for smaller projects, and that enforcement relies partly on public complaints and online permitting systems. The department also said most fines currently go to the general fund and vary widely year to year, with about $75,000 budgeted, and that the proposal would also create permit-by-notification authority for alteration-of-terrain projects between 100,000 and 150,000 square feet, mirroring language in Senate Bill 110. No vote or final committee action was taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Is this a replace-all amendment? Yes.
• I meire<02:30:58.200><c> is</c><02:30:58.319><c> this</c><02:30:58.439><c> a</c><02:30:58.760><c> replace
• Are you replacing the whole bill? I am. Okay, why don't you speak to it?
• the whole bill um are you replacing the whole bill I<02:32:21.520><c> am</c><02:32:22.120><c> okay</
• </c> amendment very cool it's a replacement amendment very cool it's a replacement actually<02:45:51.840

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We also got welcome to replacements, and if the replacements would introduce themselves.
• We also got welcome to replacements, and if the replacements would introduce themselves.
• ><c> and</c><00:04:55.320><c> if</c><00:04:55.639><c> The</c><00:04:55.880><c> Replacements</c> Replacements
• and if The Replacements Replacements and if The Replacements would<00:04:56.840><c> introduce</c><00
• Here's the amendment, which is a replace-all. Sometimes that happens.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Summary: The House Children and Family Law Committee opened its February 4, 2025 hearing with a business item on House Bill 553, appointing a subcommittee chaired by Representative Greg and including several named members. The committee then took up House Bill 486, which would revise New Hampshire’s grandparents’ visitation law. The prime sponsor said the bill is intended to address gaps in current law, especially in situations involving divorce, separation, kinship care, and parental substance use, so that children can maintain important relationships with grandparents or other kin caregivers. He emphasized that the proposal was meant to supplement existing law rather than replace it, and said the language was modeled on statutes from other states. Several witnesses testified in support of HB 486, describing painful family separations and arguing that current law can be interpreted too narrowly. One grandmother said the existing statute had been used to dismiss her visitation case because she was restricted while the parents were separated, and she asked for language changes so courts could still order visitation in similar circumstances. Another witness, testifying online, urged passage of the bill as being in the best interest of children. A third witness described a family living arrangement in which grandparents had been a consistent presence in their grandchildren’s lives but were later cut off during a contentious separation, and said the bill would help repair those relationships. Committee members asked about the six-month timeframe in the bill, whether the proposed language would affect cases where a grandparent does not live with the child but is still a regular caregiver, and whether the sponsor had written amendment language; the sponsor said the six-month language was taken from other states’ statutes and that the new language would not change existing visitation rights but would add to them. After hearing the testimony, the chair said the committee would hold HB 486 aside for a week or two while awaiting additional information before voting. The hearing then moved to House Bill 320, an act relative to enforcement of marital property settlements. The sponsor explained that the bill would require courts to enforce final property decrees and would clarify the difference between enforcement and contempt, arguing that courts should have clear authority to fashion remedies and that litigants, especially self-represented parties, need clearer statutory guidance. Committee members questioned the legal distinctions the sponsor drew, including whether the bill was aimed at enforcement rather than contempt and how the proposed language would operate in practice. The transcript cuts off before any vote or further action on HB 320.

Transcript Highlights:

• c> OCA</c><01:00:17.240><c> so</c><01:00:17.480><c> we</c><01:00:17.640><c> need</c> commissioner replace
• the OCA so we need commissioner replace the OCA so we need to<01:00:18.079><c> keep</c><01:00:18.400
• Why are you trying to replace them now?
• ><c> now</c><01:27:13.000><c> if</c><01:27:13.159><c> they're</c><01:27:13.440><c> successful</c> replace
• them now if they're successful replace them now if they're successful in<01:27:14.119><c> that</c><01

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The hearing focused on House Bill 610, which would fold the Office of the Consumer Advocate into the Department of Energy rather than fully eliminate consumer advocacy functions. The prime sponsor argued the current office is small, funded by a special assessment on ratepayers, and duplicative of DOE work. He said moving the function to DOE would streamline energy policy review, reduce bureaucracy, and better focus the larger agency on lowering residential energy costs. He also disputed claims that the Consumer Advocate is independent, saying the office is appointed through a political process similar to DOE leadership. Committee members and the sponsor discussed whether the bill would actually relocate existing positions or replace them, and whether the Department of Energy would absorb the cost of the transferred staff. The sponsor said the fiscal note shows roughly a million-dollar reduction in both revenue assessment and spending, and that the bill would effectively reduce the office from five positions to three. He also defended his cost estimates for energy-code-related housing impacts and said the Consumer Advocate has sometimes supported policies he считает increase costs, such as energy-efficiency measures and building code changes. He argued the office should focus more on energy supply and generation, including natural gas and nuclear, rather than efficiency alone. Representative Wendy Thomas testified in opposition, saying the Consumer Advocate is an important, fair, and impartial voice for ratepayers and warning that the bill was fiscally irresponsible because the incumbent could still be owed salary and benefits if the office were repealed. She also said the bill’s drafting was confusing and that the Consumer Advocate’s role is to push back on utilities on behalf of consumers. Other members raised questions about whether the DOE would simply inherit the same political appointment structure and whether the bill would meaningfully lower bills. No vote was taken in the excerpt; the chair indicated additional testimony would follow, and the Department of Energy was present to answer questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• A successful pilot of the replacement containers was rolled out, and I believe the success was evaluated
• This bill also requires annual reporting detailing the progress of the replacement container program,
• container program depending replacement container program depending on<00:10:21.200><c> available</c
• program with the container replacement program with the understanding<00:10:42.160><c> that</c><00:10
• And I have a few um replacement program.

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• so officers can communicate replacement so officers can communicate clearly<02:47:43.840><c> and</c>
• </c><02:47:58.800><c> aging</c> efficiency and replace aging efficiency and replace aging infrastructure
• They know what governance looks like when governance is replaced by stunts, distractions, and culture
• We were replacing a showerhead at my mom's house.
• We were replacing got interested in it.

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Wednesday, January 7, 2026, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• As written, the bill replaces it with a text origin model tying the binding version to the language of
• As written, the bill replaces<01:10:55.120><c> it</c><01:10:55.280><c> with</c><01:10:55.360><c> a</c
• ><01:10:55.600><c> text</c><01:10:55.840><c> origin</c><01:10:56.239><c> model</c> replaces it with a
• text origin model replaces it with a text origin model tying<01:10:57.199><c> the</c><01:10:57.360><
• replacement project is $111,912,000.

Keywords: 910, house, all

Summary: The committee heard testimony on House Bill 2046, which would establish and fund an Olo Hawaii Commission to coordinate and promote initiatives supporting the use of Olo Hawaii. The Attorney General suggested adding an end date because the bill creates a temporary commission, and several supporters from the University of Hawaii, Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and the Hawaii Civil Rights Commission said the commission could improve coordination, funding decisions, and consistency across agencies. Members discussed whether the commission should include broader representation, including expertise on Niihau dialect speakers and other stakeholders, and the bill was then set aside as the committee moved to the next measure. The committee next considered House Bill 2438, creating the Hawaii Cultural Trust within DBEDT, authorizing an income tax credit for contributions to the trust and qualified cultural organizations, and creating a special license plate to support the trust. DBEDT said it would need additional resources, including staff, to administer the program. The Department of Taxation recommended changing the effective date to 2026 to allow time for implementation and adding a requirement that credits be claimed within one year. OHA supported the bill but objected to language that would require it to maintain a prequalified list of organizations, saying that could limit applicants and conflict with its grant process. The Tax Foundation said it supported cultural funding but preferred direct appropriations and grants over a trust fund and tax credit structure. The final measure discussed was House Bill 2584, which would temporarily increase public land trust revenues transferred to OHA while reaffirming the state’s obligation to the 20% pro rata share, with a repeal date of June 30, 2028. The Attorney General recommended deleting the bill’s requirement that OHA receive a minimum amount equal to the 20% share, arguing the constitution and Admission Act do not specify a precise dollar amount and that the legislature must determine allocation. OHA strongly supported the bill, arguing the state currently pays only about 5% and that historical records show much higher amounts are owed; OHA also pointed to a carry-forward account it said held about $55 million. DLNR opposed the bill because the fiscal impact was unspecified and could affect land management and special fund budgets. Several OHA trustees and supporters urged the committee to pass the bill, and one testifier criticized the state for underfunding Native Hawaiian obligations. No votes were taken in the portion provided, and the committee continued hearing testimony on HB 2584.

Transcript Highlights:

• Is it practical, and what are you going to replace it with?
• In the case of a boiler, you can't take the boiler out and not replace it.
• You can't take a window out and not replace it. Same thing with insulation.
• </c><02:19:33.200><c> and</c><02:19:33.359><c> lighting</c> plant Replacements and lighting plant Replacements
• So one of the projects that we did in Summersworth was to replace old unit ventilators.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The Municipal and County Government Committee held public hearings on House Bill 471 and House Bill 373. HB 471 would create a temporary commission to study growth, traffic, planning, and land use issues in a group of southern New Hampshire towns, with possible recommendations on regional planning commission boundaries or coordination. Representative Perez said the bill was requested by Londonderry residents and local officials, and Eric Power of Brookline testified in support, saying the towns share corridor and development issues that cross regional planning commission lines. Several members questioned whether existing law already allows towns to form regional planning commissions under RSA 364:6, whether the bill should be broader, and whether the town list should include additional communities. The hearing closed with testimony counts reported as two in support and three opposed on remote sign-in, plus one opposed and one in support on the blue sheet. HB 373, sponsored by Representative Diane Powers, would revise RSA 41:11-a on town property leases. Powers said current law is too restrictive because leases over five years require repeated town votes, which she argued is impractical for long-term arrangements. She cited examples from Hampton and Brookline, including long-term road and property leases, and said she had found multiple similar cases. The bill would keep select board authority for leases under one year, allow a legislative body to authorize a specific longer lease by a three-fifths ballot vote, and preserve the existing five-year blanket leasing authority with a three-fifths vote, while keeping existing leases valid if authority is later rescinded. Eric Power testified in support, describing recurring lease renewals in Brookline and saying longer terms are needed for projects such as housing, cell towers, and solar arrays. Members asked about the change from a simple town vote to a three-fifths threshold and whether the bill duplicates existing mechanisms; Powers said the higher threshold was intended because the leases involve long-term commitments. No votes were taken during the hearing portion described.

Transcript Highlights:

• 8, lines 1 to 3, and paragraph 5 on page 8, lines 46 to paragraphs 2 and 3, respectively; fifth, replace
• </c><01:29:42.159><c> paragraph</c> amending the bill to replace paragraph amending the bill to replace
• 8, lines 1 to 3, and paragraph 5 on page 8, lines 46 to paragraphs 2 and 3, respectively; fifth, replace
• Fifth, replace the title of the new section 206E-A proposed by section 2 of the bill on page 8, lines
• the text for section quote six replace the text for section 206<01:30:38.719><c> e-a</c><01:30:39.560

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The joint hearing of the Water and Land, Hawaiian Affairs, and Housing committees on January 29, 2025 focused on SB 534, with the chairs outlining hearing procedures, public testimony limits, and plans to allow extended presentations from the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA) and the Hawaii Community Development Authority (HCDA) before moving to other testifiers. The hearing was presented as a public, transparent discussion of OHA’s plans for Kakaʻako Makai, with committee members noting that decision-making would follow if time permitted. OHA testified in strong support of SB 534. The chair of OHA’s Board of Trustees said the bill was a novel proposal for the legislature and emphasized that OHA was bringing together a broad coalition of partners and stakeholders, including representatives from construction, hospitality, education, law enforcement, civil service, and schools, as well as longtime community advocates who have opposed development in Kakaʻako Makai. OHA’s presentation reviewed the history of the area, the creation and role of HCDA, prior master plans, the 2012 land conveyance to OHA, and the argument that OHA has not been able to realize the full economic value of the lands because desired entitlements were not secured. OHA linked the bill to its constitutional mission to improve conditions for Native Hawaiians and argued that the state’s housing crisis makes additional development, including residential use, especially important. A major theme of the testimony was housing. OHA argued that Hawaiʻi faces severe affordability pressures, out-migration, and workforce shortages, and said that residential development in Kakaʻako Makai would help address those needs while also supporting the value of the trust lands. The presentation described HCDA’s authority over zoning and development in Kakaʻako, the existing reserved housing requirements, and the need for a master plan that could move forward if SB 534 becomes law. No votes or final committee action were taken in the portion of the hearing provided; the discussion remained in the presentation and testimony phase.

Transcript Highlights:

• A house renting for $1,200 a month is now being bulldozed and replaced by a six-bed, six-bath stealth
• This law is harmful to the working class homeownership because investors are replacing single family
• Third-party review should not be viewed as a replacement for local building departments.
• It can't replace that, as people have noticed before.
• It's an important gain, something to create some efficiency, but isn't going to replace that.

Keywords: 1184, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• It says it's a replace all, but it would just replace the sunscreen portion.
• It says<02:10:03.840><c> it's</c><02:10:04.000><c> a</c><02:10:04.239><c> replace</c><02:10:04.560><c
• all, but it would says it's a replace all, but it would just<02:10:05.440><c> replace</c><02:10:05.920
• </c> just replace the um sunscreen portion. just replace the um sunscreen portion.
• And I do also want to comment: Senator Rearon will be replaced. Okay, thank you. All right.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Summary: The committee first adopted amendment 2026-2021S to correct a drafting issue in the budget language so that the $2.5 million appropriation for Medicaid per diem rate stabilization at county nursing homes can be spent during the biennium rather than lapsing at the end of the fiscal year. Senator Lang explained that the funds are matched with federal dollars for a total of $5 million and are intended to prevent rate reductions that could shift costs to county property taxpayers. The amendment was adopted unanimously by both chambers, and the committee proceeded on the bill as amended by the Senate. The main discussion then focused on HB 155 and a proposed amendment to the business enterprise tax. The House proposal would lower the BET rate in stages when combined business tax revenues exceed certain thresholds, while the Senate opposed an immediate rate reduction and argued that tax changes should be handled in a budget year. Senators emphasized that raising the filing threshold to $375,000 had already removed about 3,500 small businesses from filing requirements, and they preferred further relief through threshold changes rather than rate cuts. House members argued that the trigger-based reduction was a reasonable, tested mechanism and would provide future tax relief without taking effect unless revenues rose enough. Members debated whether the trigger could be distorted by one-time revenue spikes, such as the recent tax amnesty receipts and prior federal repatriation-related revenue, and Representative Sweeney said he was willing to adjust the effective date or carve out amnesty revenue. The committee did not reach agreement on the BET reduction, and the chair called a break and then continued the meeting later with a new proposal to delay the trigger’s effective date to January 1, 2028. Senator Lang rejected that version but offered a counterproposal to raise the filing threshold to $400,000, and the parties ultimately agreed to continue discussions and reconvene later. The meeting also took up HB 1102, concerning the research and development tax credit and state park fees. The House position was to support the R&D tax credit but remove the park-fee provisions, citing testimony from the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources that it did not need the increase and concerns about discouraging tourism, especially at border parks. Supporters of the park-fee language argued that the department had not raised rates in years, could set its own rates, and should be able to charge nonresidents more while keeping New Hampshire residents’ fees lower. The discussion remained unresolved, with members debating the likely effect on tourism and fairness to residents versus the need for additional revenue.

Transcript Highlights:

• Temporary facility was replaced just a few years ago, within the memory of many people in this body,
• Temporary<01:49:24.440><c> facility</c><01:49:25.120><c> was</c><01:49:25.360><c> replaced</c><01:49:
• 25.920><c> just</c><01:49:26.360><c> a</c> Temporary facility was replaced just a Temporary facility
• was replaced just a few<01:49:27.000><c> years</c><01:49:27.480><c> ago</c><01:49:28.480><c> within</
• </c> plan for replacement of the hospital. plan for replacement of the hospital.

Keywords: 926, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• 01:59:31.119><c> your</c><01:59:31.360><c> bills,</c><01:59:32.800><c> what</c><01:59:33.280><c> replaces
• </c> not paying all your bills, what replaces not paying all your bills, what replaces it?
• Because I don't think we should just remove without replacing.
• Because I don't think we should just remove without replacing.
• Because I don't think we should just remove without replacing.

Keywords: 1189, house, all

Summary: The committee met in a transportation work session and executive session, with the chair explaining the format change to allow fuller discussion and possible expert input before votes. The committee first took up House Bill 209, which would have allowed a new vehicle purchased in the model year or before to be inspected in the second year after purchase. Members said the bill was rendered unnecessary by the broader repeal of vehicle inspections, and the committee voted 16-0 to deem it inexpedient to legislate (ITL), with consent. The same outcome followed for House Bill 212, which would have allowed a 180-day operation waiver when a motor vehicle failed an emissions control test, and House Bill 533, which concerned civilian employees and commercial truck inspections. In both cases, members said the inspection repeal made the bills unnecessary, and in the commercial truck bill there were also concerns that the language did not fit federal requirements and referenced state inspection laws rather than federal ones. Both bills were voted ITL 16-0 and adopted by consent. House Bill 298, dealing with vehicle identification number-related issues and antique vehicle authenticity, also received an ITL recommendation 16-0. Members said the proposal raised fraud concerns and could affect the value and authenticity of antique vehicles, and several said the bill needed more work before any future consideration. The committee then moved to Senate Bill 150, which would define electric vehicle charging stations and establish annual testing fees for the Division of Weights and Measures. That bill drew the most discussion: Representative Sykes described a personal experience with a malfunctioning charging station and a large, unclear bill, arguing that consumer protection regulation is needed. Representative Miller said the fee structure seemed high compared with other inspections and that third-party inspectors were not allowed, though he acknowledged some need for consumer protection. Senator David Watters, the sponsor, said the bill should be improved and suggested a lower annual fee and a fund-based approach to build an inspection program over time. Cheryl, the director of Weights and Measures, testified that the division needs authority, staffing, licensing categories, and expensive test equipment to oversee EV chargers, and that current rules do not adequately cover this emerging technology.

Transcript Highlights:

• They may still need to replace a vehicle. They may have a gap in doing a complete rebuild.
• /c><00:37:27.599><c> still</c><00:37:27.839><c> need</c><00:37:28.000><c> to</c><00:37:28.160><c> replace
• </c> have um still need to replace a vehicle. have um still need to replace a vehicle.
• or going through the full case management process, getting a rebuild, getting a repair, getting replaced
• Um, we processed roughly replaced items.

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The Disaster Prevention and Resiliency Task Force met with a quorum, adopted the minutes from the previous meeting, and heard a presentation from Western Kentucky University’s Disaster Science Operations Center. WKU described its multidisciplinary disaster science effort, including meteorology, emergency management, the Kentucky State Climate Center, the Kentucky Mesonet, and the Disaster Science Operations Center, which was created in 2021 and serves as an operational hub for forecasting, emergency planning, crisis management, training, and decision support. Speakers emphasized applied learning, student field work, partnerships with industry and event venues, and a five-year NSF/UK-led research project focused on weather hazards, disaster preparedness, and building a statewide disaster database to improve mitigation and resilience. Members asked about flooding, the relationship to EKU’s program, Tennessee’s capabilities, and the timeline and goals for the research project; WKU said the data collection is underway and that the evidence suggests tornado risk is shifting east and occurring more at night. A WKU graduate student also described the value of hands-on storm-chasing and operational forecasting experience, saying it helped prepare her for work in forecasting and emergency management. Members asked about her motivation for joining the program and about the practical realities of storm chasing. The discussion also touched on whether Kentucky’s tornado risk is shifting east; WKU said the evidence from tornado observations and other studies points in that direction, with added concern about nighttime events and communicating warnings to vulnerable communities. The task force then heard from Amy Shaquinn of the Mayfield Graves County Long-Term Recovery Group, who outlined the county-level recovery process after the 2021 tornadoes. She said Kentucky ranks among the top states for federally declared disasters, has seen a high number of tornadoes in recent years, and also faces major flood risk and earthquake concerns along the New Madrid fault. Shaquinn stressed the distinction between immediate response and long-term recovery, explaining that response covers rescue, cleanup, temporary housing, and short-term assistance, while recovery is the longer effort to restore survivors to safe, sanitary, and secure housing through local long-term recovery groups. She said community-led recovery is essential and that preparedness and mitigation follow once immediate recovery needs are addressed.

Transcript Highlights:

• Okay, so when we talk about accountability, we're replacing the PSAT with what?
• We are not replacing the PSAT. So, we're adding the PSAT?
• Okay, so the PSAT is replacing the SAT now? No, ma'am. We are not touching the PSAT or the SAT.
• So we are replacing the phased-out ACT Plan, okay?
• Well, it's not designed to replace that at all.

Bills: HJR175, HJR88, HB21, HB49, HB216, HB346, HB573, HB565, HB954, HB1953, HB2686, HB1441, HB2734, HB1650, HB3161, HB2876, HB3185, HB3388, HB2761, HB3233, HB 1186, HB1534, HB5506, HB5129, HB3619, HB778, HB2867, HB3221, HB3672, HB2434, HB4903, HB3687, HB3675, HB4609, HB4582, HB4921, HB3866, HB3901, HB4534, HB2446, HB3984, HB700, HB4012, HB4491, HB4088, HB229, HB4234, HB722, HB4136, HB4105, HB4413, HB170, HB551, HB2858, HB3053, HB3142, HB3180, HB3722, HB2200, HB1794, HB1784, HB1581, HB2530, HB4308, HB1896, HB2974, HB3359, HB4580, HB2458, HB2215, HB3332, HB2278, HB3015, HB3151, HB1368, HCR9, HCR40, HB5138, SB17, HB4944, HB2284, HB3421, SB1569, SB2420, SB1968, SB2351, SB2544, SB1490, SB1349, SB1568, SB2776, HB3531, HB2149, HB4327, HB3158, HB3717, HB4520, SB888, SB552, HB3138, HB3704, HB2921, HB4853, HB4506, HB3892, HJR161, HJR175, HJR88, HB1937, HB3334, HB5444, HB5137, HB361, HB321, HB5447, HB464, HB678, HB2294, HB4172, HB3225, HB1769, HB5394, HB1837, HB1787, HB2271, HB2440, HB5134, HB5149, HB2151, HB2073, HB2186, HB2025, HB1936, HB1777, HB1663, HB 1306, HB 1290, HB1527, HB4802, HB3462, HB2963, HB2462, HB2560, HB644, HB2725, HB2621, HB2588, HB1443, HB1403, HB3032, HB1557, HB1664, HB2811, HB2088, HB2598, HB3062, HB3134, HB3940, HB4027, HB4097, HB4862, HB4170, HB4157, HB4205, HB4279, HB4377, HB4838, HB5424, HB5294, HB4870, HB4763, HB5639, HB4112, HB2275, HB1677, HB5014, HB3848, HB3797, HB3727, HB3709, HB3177, HB3057, HB4176, HB4202, HB2180, HB3528, HB3658, HB21, HB49, HB216, HB346, HB573, HB565, HB954, HB1953, HB2686, HB1441, HB2734, HB1650, HB3161, HB2876, HB3185, HB3388, HB2761, HB3233, HB 1186, HB1534, HB5506, HB5129, HB3619, HB778, HB2867, HB3221, HB3672, HB2434, HB4903, HB3687, HB3675, HB4609, HB4582, HB4921, HB3866, HB3901, HB4534, HB2446, HB3984, HB700, HB4012, HB4491, HB4088, HB229, HB4234, HB722, HB4136, HB4105, HB4413, HB170, HB551, HB2858, HB3053, HB3142, HB3180, HB3722, HB2200, HB1794, HB1784, HB1581, HB2530, HB4308, HB1896, HB2974, HB3359, HB4580, HB2458, HB2215, HB3332, HB2278, HB3015, HB3151, HB1368, HCR76, HCR127, HCR9, HCR40

Keywords: constitutional amendment, medium of exchange, currency rights, digital currency, financial autonomy, tax exemption, rainwater harvesting, graywater system, local government, ad valorem taxation, housing finance, multifamily residential, low income, audit requirements, affordable housing, development bonds, oil waste, gas waste, liability, treatment processes