Video & Transcript : 'internet platform' :

Page 184 of 338
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • Assemblymember, all right, we're ready to move on to issue two, and that's a digital experience platform
  • And we put them into the common platform, a Salesforce platform: one customer record, one user record
Keywords: 988, house, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • Assemblymember, all right, we're ready to move on to issue two, and that's a Digital Experience Platform
  • And we put them into the common platform, a Salesforce platform: one customer record, one user record
Summary: The committee first heard a DMV budget presentation on the state-to-state verification system required for Real ID compliance and the Digital Experience Platform (DXP) modernization project. DMV officials said the state-to-state system is a pointer-based exchange used when a person applies for a license in another state, with only limited identifying data shared initially and the full driver history sent only after a qualified request. Members raised concerns about privacy, possible misuse by other states or federal actors, notification to Californians, hacking, and whether California could detect or stop abusive access. DMV said it can monitor requests, see patterns of access, work with AAMVA and legal counsel, and seek to block or challenge misuse; LAO said California is in a difficult position and should consider guardrails rather than opt out. On DXP, DMV said the project is on its revised schedule and budget, occupational licensing is complete, vehicle registration is expected by the end of calendar year 2026, and the full system should be finished by fiscal year 2028-29, with phased rollout and reappropriated funding to keep costs controlled. The committee then heard from the California High-Speed Rail Office of Inspector General on a trailer bill and AB 1608. The Inspector General said current law does not clearly authorize public reports or establish a framework for retaining and disclosing work papers, and the proposed trailer bill would create that framework while also adding authority to hire needed classifications and purchase goods and services. He also said the office needs a clearer statutory definition of “proposed agreements” and notice when the High-Speed Rail Authority is reviewing them, so the office can review contracts and related agreements effectively. LAO raised no concerns with the trailer bill language, and Finance said any amendments would come in the May revision. Members debated the scope of confidentiality in the Inspector General proposal, especially whether reports could be held confidential when they identify weaknesses in fraud controls, security, or other vulnerabilities. The Inspector General said confidentiality would be temporary, tied to articulating the risk, reassessing it every 120 days, and releasing the report once the risk is no longer substantial; he also said the office had already published reports at its discretion and had found at least one procurement violation involving an amendment that added services not in the original contract. Several members pressed for stronger transparency and suggested time limits or broader disclosure, while others argued the bill would improve oversight and make the Inspector General’s authority clearer. No votes were taken during the discussion, and the item was left for further work on the trailer bill and AB 1608 language.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • I mean, when this platform was first put in place, a generation or two ago, it was kind of industry-leading
  • And they are trade-offs, and it isn't our job to make some of these commercial platforms or commercial
  • journalism platforms or whatever viable by the act of these.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • I mean, when this platform was first put in place, you know, a generation or two ago, it was kind of
  • ...and they are trade-offs, and it isn't our job to, you know, to make some of these commercial platforms
  • or commercial journalism platforms or whatever, you know, viable by the act of these.
Summary: The subcommittee first heard an item on the vehicle license fee backfill for counties, focused largely on San Mateo County and the related excess ERAF calculation. Department of Finance staff said the administration does not propose the requested $119 million backfill, arguing the payment is discretionary and that the existing statutory formula should continue to operate as written. Senators and public witnesses, including Senator Becker and former Senator Jackie Speier, argued the state has a longstanding obligation to local governments and that San Mateo County faces severe service cuts without the funds; they also discussed whether the issue could be solved through local school district boundary changes or other structural fixes. The chair held the item open after testimony. The committee then reviewed Secretary of State budget proposals. The department presented SB 851 implementation funding of $1.1 million General Fund in 2026-27 and $807,000 ongoing for four positions and software to track election-related litigation, update voting system standards, and expand vendor notice requirements. Members asked about election security, the impact of recent federal court decisions, the end of federal HAVA funds in 2027-28, and the staffing and timeline needed to implement the law. The committee also heard a $11.8 million General Fund request for the Cal Access Replacement System, intended to replace the outdated campaign finance and lobbying disclosure platform; staff said the project is on track for a November 2026 go-live with a stabilization period afterward. A separate item sought $9.795 million Business Fees Fund for the Notary Automation Program replacement, with the department explaining delays were due to more planning, a 2025 special election, and the need to secure a contractor, with go-live now projected for 2029. All three items were held open. The Department of Veterans Affairs presented its overall status and then its Yountville skilled nursing facility project. CalVet described progress on veterans homes, home loans, housing programs, and mental health initiatives, while noting higher-acuity needs among older veterans and continued support for underserved groups. For Yountville, the department said the new 240-bed skilled nursing facility is nearing completion and will replace the aging Holderman Hospital building, though some functions will remain in the old building and other campus projects, including roof and steam system work, are still underway. Members also raised concerns about retroactive tax liabilities for employees whose housing fringe benefits had not been reported, and CalVet said it has corrected the reporting, retrained staff, and is working with employees on repayment and lease adjustments. The committee also discussed a proposal to eliminate vacant positions under Control Section 4.12; CalVet said the positions were long vacant and could be given back without harming operations, while the LAO noted the Legislature had not concurred and keeping them would increase General Fund costs. The item was held open. Finally, the California Arts Council gave an informational update on its work and the cultural districts program. The director described the council’s grantmaking, technical assistance, and support for 24 cultural districts statewide, while members emphasized the economic and preservation value of arts funding and urged more investment, including a proposed $50 million General Fund augmentation and a $10 million carve-out for cultural districts. Staff explained that the original cultural district funding was reduced and that the program is currently unfunded and lacks dedicated staff, limiting its ability to expand beyond a small share of applications. Members from different regions noted that many parts of the state still lack cultural district designations and pressed the council to broaden access beyond major urban areas. The item was informational only, with no vote taken.
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Feb 18th, 2026

Appropriations

Transcript Highlights:
  • Specifically, to protect minors, the bill requires the platform hosting the companion chatbot to prohibit
  • This bill requires a platform to periodically remind the minor to take a break from using the chatbot
  • The platform is also required to institute reasonable measures to prevent its companion chatbot from
Keywords: 999, senate, all
NM

New Mexico 2026 Regular Session

Senate - Finance Jan 26th, 2026 at 02:04 pm

Senate Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • You know, the litigation platform that we had going into the negotiations with Texas actually had us
  • You know, the litigation platform that we had going into the, The litigation platform that we had going
Keywords: 996, all
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

IC - Legislative Finance Oct 14th, 2025

Transcript Highlights:
  • As you know, we have an online platform to facilitate the exchange of information from public entities
  • mentioned, we have invested in OSA Connect with them in mind, the most fundamental user of that online platform
  • $862,000 or a 10.5% increase in contractual services for annual maintenance of the agency's licensing platform
MN

Minnesota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Minnesota House passes HF2442, the omnibus climate and energy finance bill 5/7/25

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • 38.240><c> party</c> that portion from your state's uh party that portion from your state's uh party platform
  • 10:40.959><c> in</c><00:10:41.200><c> the</c><00:10:41.360><c> last</c><00:10:41.519><c> year</c> platform
  • uh and I think in the last year platform uh and I think in the last year or<00:10:42.000><c> two.
Keywords: 1183, house
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Senate Session Mar 25th, 2025

Texas Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Senate Bill 2314 by Craig, relating to the creation of an electronic platform and submission portal known
  • Senate Bill 2314 by Craig, relating to the creation of an electronic platform and submission portal known
  • Senate Bill 2420 by Paxton and Kolkhorst, relating to the regulation of platforms for the sale and distribution
Bills: SCR8, SCR25, SB1, SB14, SB24, SB213, SB251, SB315, SB371, SB378, SB379, SB406, SB413, SB472, SB487, SB502, SB502, SB509, SB513, SB513, SB565, SB565, SB583, SB608, SB621, SB650, SB686, SB686, SB707, SB710, SB710, SB761, SB761, SB810, SB815, SB840, SB856, SB875, SB875, SB896, SB896, SB916, SB925, SB958, SB958, SB961, SB965, SB965, SB973, SB973, SB987, SB990, SB995, SB1018, SB1019, SB1146, SB1146, SB1198, SB1252, SB1252, SB1253, SB1253, SB1330, SB1343, SB1362, SB1499, SB1499, SB1532, SB1532, SB1547, SB1547, SB1555, SB1596, SB1596, SJR36, SJR12, SJR57, SCR25, SCR22, SCR12, SCR8, SB565, SB765, SB62, SB666, SB707, SB888, SB687, SB847, SB1248, SB14, SB1006, SB504, SB925, SB995, SB857, SB305, SB296, SB284, SB815, SB1379, SB1497, SB1499, SB1498, SB241, SB304, SB621, SB1023, SB1024, SB686, SB112, SB371, SB204, SB609, SB670, SB502, SB850, SB854, SB413, SB1555, SB1362, SB1346, SB1033, SB1220, SB1073, SB810, SB987, SB1539, SB447, SB875, SB406, SB985, SB965, SB1119, SB1505, SB24, SB1194, SB1253, SB1215, SB1532, SB1302, SB856, SB650, SB583, SB673, SB213, SB681, SB1172, SB1252, SB378, SB1343, SB608, SB487, SB955, SB957, SB988, SB990, SB1019, SB1021, SB1120, SB251, SB958, SB761, SB1, SB541, SB315, SB379, SB1018, SB1737, SB266, SB1415, SB1527, SB125, SB599, SB1330, SB53, SB916, SB896, SB1352, SB973, SB785, SB710, SB472, SB1450, SB1502, SB1566, SB414, SB1062, SB1547, SB961, SB1038, SB513, SB578, SB711, SB746, SB942, SB1404, SB1448, SB1738, SB108, SB8, SB318, SB507, SB533, SB689, SB1026, SB1349, SB1355, SB1433, SB1434, SB1596, SB1403, SB1198, SB1146, SB763, SB667, SB1059, SB617, SB1567, SB503, SB1, SB1555, SR233, SR307, SR310, SR318, SR319, SCR25, SJR72, SJR73, SJR75, SJR77, SJR79, SJR80, SJR81, SJR82, SB2198, SB2201, SB2202, SB2203, SB2204, SB2205, SB2206, SB2207, SB2208, SB2209, SB2210, SB2211, SB2213, SB2214, SB2215, SB2216, SB2217, SB2218, SB2219, SB2220, SB2221, SB2222, SB2223, SB2224, SB2225, SB2226, SB2227, SB2228, SB2229, SB2231, SB2232, SB2233, SB2234, SB2235, SB2236, SB2237, SB2238, SB2239, SB2240, SB2241, SB2242, SB2243, SB2244, SB2245, SB2246, SB2247, SB2248, SB2249, SB2250, SB2251, SB2252, SB2253, SB2254, SB2255, SB2256, SB2257, SB2258, SB2259, SB2260, SB2261, SB2262, SB2263, SB2264, SB2265, SB2266, SB2267, SB2268, SB2269, SB2270, SB2271, SB2272, SB2273, SB2274, SB2275, SB2276, SB2277, SB2278, SB2279, SB2280, SB2281, SB2282, SB2283, SB2284, SB2285, SB2286, SB2287, SB2288, SB2289, SB2290, SB2291, SB2292, SB2293, SB2294, SB2295, SB2296, SB2297, SB2298, SB2299, SB2300, SB2301, SB2302, SB2303, SB2304, SB2305, SB2306, SB2307, SB2308, SB2309, SB2310, SB2311, SB2313, SB2314, SB2315, SB2316, SB2317, SB2318, SB2319, SB2320, SB2321, SB2322, SB2323, SB2324, SB2325, SB2326, SB2327, SB2328, SB2329, SB2330, SB2331, SB2333, SB2334, SB2335, SB2336, SB2337, SB2338, SB2339, SB2340, SB2341, SB2342, SB2343, SB2344, SB2346, SB2347, SB2348, SB2349, SB2350, SB2351, SB2352, SB2353, SB2354, SB2355, SB2356, SB2357, SB2358, SB2359, SB2360, SB2361, SB2362, SB2363, SB2364, SB2365, SB2366, SB2367, SB2368, SB2369, SB2370, SB2371, SB2372, SB2373, SB2374, SB2375, SB2376, SB2377, SB2378, SB2379, SB2380, SB2381, SB2382, SB2383, SB2384, SB2385, SB2386, SB2387, SB2388, SB2389, SB2390, SB2391, SB2393, SB2394, SB2395, SB2396, SB2397, SB2398, SB2399, SB2400, SB2401, SB2402, SB2403, SB2404, SB2405, SB2406, SB2410, SB2411, SB2412, SB2413, SB2414, SB2415, SB2416, SB2417, SB2418, SB2419, SB2420, SB2421, SB2422, SB2423, SB2424, SB2426, SB2427, SB2428, SB2429, SB2430, SB2431, SB2432, SB2433, SB2434, SB2435, SB2436, SB2437, SB2438, SB2439, SB2440, SB2441, SB2442, SB2443, SB2444, SB2445, SB2446, SB2447, SB2448, SB2449, SB2450, SB2451, SB2452, SB2453, SB2454, SB2455, SB2456, SB2457, SB2458, SB2459, SB2460, SJR72, SJR73, SJR75, SJR77, SJR79, SJR80, SJR81, SJR82, SB2198, SB2201, SB2202, SB2203, SB2204, SB2205, SB2206, SB2207, SB2208, SB2209, SB2210, SB2211, SB2213, SB2214, SB2215, SB2216, SB2217, SB2218, SB2219, SB2220, SB2221, SB2222, SB2223, SB2224, SB2225, SB2226, SB2227, SB2228, SB2229, SB2231, SB2232, SB2233, SB2234, SB2235, SB2236, SB2237, SB2238, SB2239, SB2240, SB2241, SB2242, SB2243, SB2244, SB2245, SB2246, SB2247, SB2248, SB2249, SB2250, SB2251, SB2252, SB2253, SB2254, SB2255, SB2256, SB2257, SB2258, SB2259, SB2260, SB2261, SB2262, SB2263, SB2264, SB2265, SB2266, SB2267, SB2268, SB2269, SB2270, SB2271, SB2272, SB2273, SB2274, SB2275, SB2276, SB2277, SB2278, SB2279, SB2280, SB2281, SB2282, SB2283, SB2284, SB2285, SB2286, SB2287, SB2288, SB2289, SB2290, SB2291, SB2292, SB2293, SB2294, SB2295, SB2296, SB2297, SB2298, SB2299, SB2300, SB2301, SB2302, SB2303, SB2304, SB2305, SB2306, SB2307, SB2308, SB2309, SB2310, SB2311, SB2313, SB2314, SB2315, SB2316, SB2317, SB2318, SB2319, SB2320, SB2321, SB2322, SB2323, SB2324, SB2325, SB2326, SB2327, SB2328, SB2329, SB2330, SB2331, SB2333, SB2334, SB2335, SB2336, SB2337, SB2338, SB2339, SB2340, SB2341, SB2342, SB2343, SB2344, SB2346, SB2347, SB2348, SB2349, SB2350, SB2351, SB2352, SB2353, SB2354, SB2355, SB2356, SB2357, SB2358, SB2359, SB2360, SB2361, SB2362, SB2363, SB2364, SB2365, SB2366, SB2367, SB2368, SB2369, SB2370, SB2371, SB2372, SB2373, SB2374, SB2375, SB2376, SB2377, SB2378, SB2379, SB2380, SB2381, SB2382, SB2383, SB2384, SB2385, SB2386, SB2387, SB2388, SB2389, SB2390, SB2391, SB2393, SB2394, SB2395, SB2396, SB2397, SB2398, SB2399, SB2400, SB2401, SB2402, SB2403, SB2404, SB2405, SB2406, SB2410, SB2411, SB2412, SB2413, SB2414, SB2415, SB2416, SB2417, SB2418, SB2419, SB2420, SB2421, SB2422, SB2423, SB2424, SB2426, SB2427, SB2428, SB2429, SB2430, SB2431, SB2432, SB2433, SB2434, SB2435, SB2436, SB2437, SB2438, SB2439, SB2440, SB2441, SB2442, SB2443, SB2444, SB2445, SB2446, SB2447, SB2448, SB2449, SB2450, SB2451, SB2452, SB2453, SB2454, SB2455, SB2456, SB2457, SB2458, SB2459, SB2460
AL

Alabama 2025 Regular Session

Alabama House Ways and Means Education Committee Mar 19th, 2025

Ways and Means Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • that the gig certain kind of account that the gig certain kind of account that the gig that the platform
  • would be able to put that the platform would be able to put that the platform would be able to put money
Bills: SB199, HB142, SB86, HB152, HB297, SB1, SB1
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • Studios and streaming platforms now have options around the world, and far too often, they choose to
  • technology disruptors such as AI and advancements in visual effects, virtual production, and cloud-based platforms
  • They love their movies and their platforms where they stream.
Keywords: 988, house, all
NM

New Mexico 2025 Regular Session

House - Appropriations and Finance Jan 27th, 2025

House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • Following up on that, the Secretary of State's office was required to put that platform online.
  • My hope is that by investing in technology we can Integrate or phase 2 of the platform that we had built
  • privacy bill that would allow any individual who has given over information to one of the large platforms
NH
Transcript Highlights:
  • connection with holding a stablecoin, but then it permitted rewards for transactions, for using a platform
  • :20:24.960><c> a</c> rewards for transactions, for using a rewards for transactions, for using a platform
  • And there we were basically a real-world asset tokenization platform.
  • We custody over a hundred billion dollars' worth of digital assets on platform.
  • We have the broadest support platform.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
Summary: The meeting began with roll call and introductions of commission members and guests, followed by approval of the agenda and a motion to approve the February 10 minutes with a correction clarifying that one quoted statement was misattributed. The commission then moved into presentations. The main presentation came from the Conference of State Bank Supervisors on implementation of the federal GENIUS Act for stablecoins. The speaker reviewed the OCC’s recent 367-page proposed rule, noting it raises many open questions and design choices for states, and discussed expected upcoming rulemaking from the FDIC, Federal Reserve, and Treasury. The presentation focused on six areas: permissible issuer activities, reserve assets and redemption, risk management and supervision, treatment of state-qualified issuers, capital/operational backstops, and foreign issuers. It also flagged unresolved issues around Bank Secrecy Act/AML requirements and the meaning of “digital asset service provider” activities. A substantial portion of the discussion addressed yield restrictions, with the presenter explaining the OCC’s broad definition of yield and its rebuttable presumption against issuer-affiliated or related third-party yield arrangements. The speaker said this likely forecloses many existing white-label structures but leaves some room for third-party payments depending on distance from the issuer, and noted ongoing Senate debate over similar provisions. The presentation also covered reserve valuation, liquidity and diversification requirements, redemption timing, and supervisory expectations such as third-party oversight, IT security, exam cycles, and reporting. No additional votes or formal actions were taken beyond approving the amended minutes.
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Monday, July 20, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Regulators can pressure these platforms to remove or suppress content that conflicts with their official
  • </c><00:14:58.240><c> China</c><00:14:58.639><c> has</c><00:14:58.880><c> shown</c> controlled platforms
  • China has shown controlled platforms.
  • through their digital services platforms through their digital services act<00:15:20.800><c> even</c
  • to remove or suppress contact platforms to remove or suppress contact that<00:15:26.800><c> conflicts
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

EDU Informational Briefing 01-28-2026

Hawaii Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • I'm just trying to really create the platform in the community.
  • </c><01:53:39.520><c> in</c> trying to really create the platform in trying to really create the platform
  • There has to be a more coordinated platform.
  • There has to be a more coordinated platform.
  • There has to be a more coordinated platform.
Keywords: 912, senate, all
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • also on the technical side, we have, in collaboration with OMEZ, finalized a dynamic Google Cloud Platform
Summary: The meeting began with roll call, confirmation of a quorum, approval of the prior minutes, and a determination that there were no public comments. Members then discussed a possible future commission meeting at FISTA in Lawton, with support for touring the facility and a question raised about security for a public notice meeting; staff indicated security would not be a problem. The executive director and CEO reported on Workforce Day at the Capitol, describing strong turnout and plans to make it an annual event. She also provided updates on ARPA-funded projects, including efforts to fully expend grant funds through technical assistance and reallocation to training programs such as aviation maintenance, dental assisting, and expanded capacity at other sites. She reviewed progress on the workforce dashboard and data-sharing initiative, including work with AISP, education agencies, OMEZ, Google, and others on data architecture, governance, and a possible public launch. She also explained the FY27 budget, noting the apparent reduction was due to a prior one-time dashboard allocation rolling off rather than an actual cut. Subcommittee reports were brief: public policy members said they had spent time meeting with legislators, and the data management report noted the dashboard had been useful in workforce-related discussions. The commission then voted to enter executive session under Title 25, Section 307(B)(1) to discuss agenda item eight, later returned to open session, and stated no votes or actions were taken in executive session. Afterward, the commission approved a motion directing Kyle and Guyant to move forward with a reduction in force as discussed in executive session. The next meeting was announced for May 14, and the meeting adjourned.
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

Veterans and Armed Forces Feb 17th, 2026

Veterans and Armed Forces

Transcript Highlights:
  • a part of a 13-state consortium, with software being provided by Stable, which is an Ohio-based platform
Keywords: 959, house, all
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Civil Judiciary Feb 12th, 2026

Civil Judiciary

Transcript Highlights:
  • what the bill does, it provides definitions for content creation, a content creator, and an online platform
Summary: The committee heard and advanced a series of bills covering workers’ compensation, public transparency, criminal law, property rights, probate, family law, eviction procedure, higher education accreditation, and protections for minors in content creation. House Bill 426, as amended by a PCS, would extend workers’ compensation coverage for firefighters, peace officers, and EMTs who suffer a heart attack or stroke within eight hours after strenuous emergency response or training; it passed 7-0. House Bill 2981, requiring school board meeting minutes to be posted publicly, also passed unanimously. Other measures approved included House Bill 3695, which aligns DUI-related language on great bodily injury with domestic violence statutes; House Bill 2960, which limits lawsuits against gun manufacturers when a firearm is modified after sale; House Bill 3967, tightening landowners’ rights and land banking transparency with appraisal requirements; and House Bill 3968, codifying a Supreme Court-based definition of public use for eminent domain and strengthening private property rights. The committee also passed House Bill 4339 on probate notice filing, House Bill 4341 updating CASA volunteer standards by removing duplicative national standards language, House Bill 4342 making prior domestic violence abuse admissible in court proceedings, House Bill 2940 prohibiting public bodies from barring recording of public meetings and allowing civil suits for violations, House Bill 4295 adjusting eviction timelines to exclude weekends and holidays, and House Bill 4196, a uniform trust bill. House Bill 3134, which says accreditation for Oklahoma public colleges and universities should be based on academics rather than ideology, drew extended questioning about jurisdiction and enforcement but ultimately passed 5-2. House Bill 1016, with a committee substitute, would regulate content creation involving minors by defining the industry, requiring recordkeeping and trust funds for compensation, and allowing civil action when the law is violated; it passed 7-0. Several bills were laid over for later consideration, including House Bills 2941, 2959, 3087, 3321, 3298, and 3297. The committee adopted a PCS for House Bill 426 and a committee substitute for House Bill 1016, and it adopted an amendment to House Bill 2940 replacing “videotape” and “audio tape” with “video” and “audio.”
AL
Transcript Highlights:
  • They came from there because they had the infusion of those resources to establish that platform and
Keywords: 924, joint, all
US

US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US House Floor Proceedings (Monday, February 9, 2026)

US Federal House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tuskegee Airmen that, yes, it was during World War II that First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt used her platform
  • The internet and social media are filled with testimonies critiquing sky-high housing prices in hot spots
  • The<08:50:10.398><c> internet</c><08:50:10.718><c> and</c><08:50:11.040><c> social</c><08:50:11.360><
  • c> media</c><08:50:11.600><c> are</c><08:50:11.760><c> filled</c> The internet and social media are filled
  • The internet and social media are filled with<08:50:12.240><c> testimonies</c><08:50:12.878><c> critiquing