Video & Transcript : 'fairness in mitigation' :
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CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Labor and Employment Committee Apr 8th, 2026
Labor and Employment
Transcript Highlights:
- At its core, this bill is about fairness, transparency, and dignity in the workplace.
- As was well described in the committee analysis, the Fair Chance Act and similar... ...relate to government
- As was well described in the committee analysis, the Fair Chance Act and similar laws around the country
- So as Assembly Member Lee said, California took an important step in 2018 when it enacted the Fair Chance
- We were involved in some of the original legislation by former Assemblymember Dickinson on the Fair Chance
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
House Judiciary (03/10/2025)
Transcript Highlights:
- in terms of operational implementation and fairness, and he stopped there. think is really warranted
- </c><00:54:36.520><c> in</c><00:54:36.720><c> number</c> they were you said sure So in in number they
- </c> statute as it would exist with this in statute as it would exist with this in in<01:06:21.000><c
- > uh</c><01:31:36.679><c> in</c> in uh in in uh in effect<01:31:38.560><c> uh</c><01:31:39.560><c> application
- requiring Council in certain cases in requiring Council in certain cases in dependency<01:53:59.520><
Summary:
The committee first took up House Bill 313, and Representative Perez moved to retain the bill, saying it needed work and was not ready as written. Representative Smith supported that approach, and the motion to retain passed 18-0. The committee then considered House Bill 391, an anti-SLAPP measure. Representative Smith and others argued the bill was too broad, could create litigation and discovery disputes, and might even be read to affect criminal cases. The committee voted 18-0 to retain HB 391 as well, and the chair agreed to place it on consent with a report to be prepared.
The committee next heard House Bill 462, establishing a cause of action for unwarranted video imaging of residential properties. Representative McFarland moved to retain, saying the bill raised First Amendment and property-rights concerns. The motion passed 18-0. The committee then took up House Bill 509, a fiscal note bill requiring reporting related to forfeitures. Members on both sides discussed the bill’s cost, the burden of collecting and collating the data, possible duplication across fiscal years, and whether the information was already being collected. The OTP motion passed 11-7, and Chairman Lynn asked Representative McFarland to prepare the report; a minority report was anticipated.
Finally, the committee considered House Bill 520, which would authorize Department of Education hearing officers to issue subpoenas. Representative Kuttab supported the bill, saying similar authority exists in other agencies and states. Opponents argued the DOE already can obtain information through the attorney general, that the bill would create an unbalanced internal enforcement process, and that the subpoena authority was not tied to the curriculum-related concerns raised in testimony. Representative Ter offered Amendment 0842H to shift subpoena authority from DOE hearing officers to the attorney general; the amendment failed 7-11. The committee then voted on the bill as amended, and the OTP motion passed 10-8, with a minority report also requested.
LA
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Budget Subcommittee No. 4 on Climate Crisis, Resources, Energy, and Transportation Mar 11th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- For instance, up to 38% reduction in sulfur oxides, 11% reduction in carbon monoxide, 62% reduction in
- I'll add to that wildfire mitigation, fuels reduction that we could be doing in our forested lands.
- I'll add to that wildfire mitigation, fuels reduction that we could be doing in our forested lands.
- You know, it does appear that there is a fair bit of additional capacity in the existing biofuels refineries
- in SB 840.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- in he flew in to Anchorage he only came in he flew in this<00:05:09.280><c> is</c><00:05:09.360><c>
- in the emergency departments where we can say, “That's not fair what's happening right there.”
- in those in those 22 um Innovations in those in those startup<00:36:55.280><c> companies</c><00:36:56.280
- /c><00:41:10.000><c> the</c> neurogeneration in in aging um and the neurogeneration in in aging um and
- </c><00:53:53.440><c> we're</c> building in AI in our curriculum we're building in AI in our curriculum
HI
Hawaii 2025 Regular Session
JHA Public Hearing - Wed Mar 19, 2025 @ 2:00 PM HST
Judiciary & Hawaiian Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- </c> about in his early 30s who had been in about in his early 30s who had been in some<00:19:58.880>
- In total, we've received 13 testimonies in support, one in opposition.
- the facility, in the cells or in those housing units.
- What have you changed in the last two years in the policy then, in the 2024 update?
- </c> about this in conference so let's put in about this in conference so let's put in a<02:08:53.840
Summary:
The House Committee on Judiciary and Hawaiian Affairs heard SB 104, which would restrict the use of restrictive housing or solitary confinement in state-operated and state-contracted correctional facilities, with specified exceptions. The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation strongly opposed the bill, saying its existing policy already meets or exceeds ACA and National Institute of Corrections standards, and objecting to language they said would give the oversight commission operational decision-making authority. The Hawaii Correctional System Oversight Commission supported the bill, but also said it was not intended to run operations and described concerns about restrictive housing practices, including CoreCivic’s SHIP program at Saguaro.
Supporters included the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, the Office of the Public Defender, the Disability Rights Center, ACLU Hawaii, Easter Seals Hawaii, and individual testifiers. They argued that Native Hawaiians are disproportionately impacted by incarceration, that solitary confinement is harmful and linked to depression, anxiety, suicidality, and poor reentry outcomes, and that confinement beyond 15 days is widely condemned under international standards. Several testifiers cited suicides and deaths in custody as reasons to codify limits in statute rather than rely on policy alone. The department responded that it already has 24/7 medical care, though not 24/7 mental health coverage at one facility, and explained that it uses four custody categories: disciplinary segregation, administrative segregation, protective custody, and placements for inmates seeking separation for safety reasons.
Members questioned the department and commission about the SHIP program, whether the bill was based on other states’ laws, and how current policies compare with national standards. The director said the bill was too ambiguous in places and that the department was willing to work with the commission on policy changes, but still opposed the measure as written. The committee took testimony and questions; no vote or final action was taken in the portion provided.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Budget Subcommittee No. 4 on Climate Crisis, Resources, Energy, and Transportation Apr 9th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- In '23, there was very little need... ...in the first year.
- wildfire mitigation plan implementation costs, in general rate cases rather than through off-cycle applications
- In terms of available funding in the DIVA account, um...
- I think when you put something in statute in perpetuity, changing it in the future is inflexible.
- We had a very high heat wave in '21, and actually... In 2020, we had a very high heat wave in '21.
Summary:
The hearing was an informational budget session on energy agency proposals, with no votes taken. Early discussion focused on Proposition 4 climate bond implementation, including funding for demand-side grid support, offshore wind development, and transmission financing. The Department of Finance said the budget includes allocations for demand-side grid support and offshore wind, but not yet for the $325 million transmission financing piece pending a required study. The Legislative Analyst’s Office urged the Legislature to consider whether to wait on offshore wind funding, whether to keep shifting funds into demand-side grid support, and how to direct future transmission financing. Members also raised concerns about local technical assistance for offshore wind, Salton Sea priorities, and the need for more information before final decisions.
The California Energy Commission and CPUC then reviewed the broader energy package. The CEC highlighted the demand-side grid support program’s growth, distributed energy backup assets, long-duration storage, hydrogen grants, and the SIRP clean energy reliability program. CPUC testimony emphasized affordability, wildfire mitigation costs, rooftop solar cost shifts, and efforts to reduce rates while maintaining reliability and clean energy goals. Members questioned CPUC staffing, delays in proceedings, coordination with the CEC and CAISO, and the impact of rate increases on customers. The agencies also discussed the AB 3264 transmission financing study, with CPUC saying work on the study had already begun and was on track for the July 1 deadline.
Several trailer bill and implementation items were also discussed. The committee reviewed a proposal to extend the Deaf and Disabled Telecommunications Program surcharge, with members split over whether it should be handled in budget trailer bill language or policy legislation; the administration said the surcharge supports a critical program serving about three-quarters of a million Californians. The committee also heard a CPUC data-sharing proposal to allow nondisclosure agreements for transmission and reliability data, which members generally supported as a technical fix. DWR explained a proposal to clarify language for the Electricity Supply Strategic Reliability Reserve so it can potentially sell three gas-fired units it owns, and the CEC presented a federal transmission grant proposal tied to grid-enhancing technologies and ratepayer cost recovery. Finally, the committee discussed California Lifeline and possible broadband pilot reforms in light of uncertainty around federal Universal Service Fund support, with CPUC saying it is exploring a statewide standalone broadband option for eligible customers.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- in a legal proceeding.
- Cases, eviction cases in 2024 in each of the respective counties.
- They default to what the law is in the state of Texas, which I think, again, is fair. So, but I do.
- However, in 2023, the 14th Court of Appeals in Houston ruled in the case of N.
- Third, it aligns venue laws with existing in filing requirements, creating consistency and fairness in
Bills:
HB 1239, HB1990, HB1748, HB1749, HB2578, HB2986, HB1970, HB3163, HB2733, HB1922, HB 113, HB 1088, HB1938, HB3004, HB2637, HB2960, HB113
Keywords:
public health, access to healthcare, insurance reforms, medical expenses, healthcare providers, mental health, protective custody, preliminary examination, detention period, emergency circumstances, emergency detention, legal framework, detention, healthcare, liability, landowners, nonagricultural land, trespassing, public safety, interpreters
LA
Transcript Highlights:
- A green card is in support. A red card is in opposition.
- A green card is in support. A red card is in opposition.
- in the accident.
- Additionally, I have lived in hiding in plain sight for the majority of my adult life in another state
- participating in.
Summary:
The committee first heard Senate Bill 476, which would add clearer warning language for garnishees responding to interrogatories and create a limited procedure for a new trial when a garnishee can show it never held property or owed the debtor during the garnishment period. After brief questions about how garnishment works, the bill was reported favorably without objection. Senate Bill 260, a youth athletics coaches training bill, was then amended to remove language about the department using donated funds to purchase courses and was reported as amended.
House Bill 79, by Chairman Carter, would remove the damages cap for carbon capture release claims. Carter argued carbon capture should be treated like other industries and not receive special liability protection, and the committee reported the bill favorably without objection. The committee also took up Senate Bill 424, which clarifies that electronic service applies only to counsel of record representing a party, and Senate Bill 180, a constitutional amendment allowing a surviving spouse of a deceased disabled veteran to make a one-time transfer of an expanded property tax exemption to another qualifying homestead. SB 180 received a ballot-language amendment and a 6.88 report before being reported as amended.
The longest discussion centered on House Bill 1089, which creates “care accounts” for future medical damages in delictual actions. Supporters said the bill would ensure future medical awards are used for medical care, reduce abuse, and function like a restricted account with a card or similar payment mechanism; opponents raised concerns about the account being owned by the judgment debtor, possible reversion of unused funds to the wrong party, administrative confusion, and impacts on survivors of trafficking and sexual abuse who may need flexible, trauma-informed care outside standard billing codes. After extensive testimony and debate, the committee adopted an amendment set and reported the bill favorably by a 6-1 vote, with Representative Carter voting no.
Finally, House Bill 437 was heard and amended. The bill would prohibit expert witnesses from having a pecuniary interest in the outcome of the case, while still allowing inquiry into an expert’s prior testimony history. An amendment excluded criminal traffic and juvenile proceedings, and the committee continued discussion with testimony from supporters and opponents as the transcript ended.
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Health Care & Wellness Jan 14th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- In our summary, There's a statement in here. Thank you.
- In fact, in Los Angeles, which is a city of 4.2 million people, the declaw bans showed that in the five
- I'm in Oak Harbor in Washington on Whidbey Island. I graduated from CSU in 1983.
- I also believe in fairness of payment, and health care provider groups and facilities of all sizes should
- we can try to mitigate that, it's in the benefit of the clients that we serve, as well as all of the
Summary:
The committee heard public hearings on several health-related bills. House Bill 1904 would prohibit cat declawing except for therapeutic purposes, with staff explaining definitions, fines, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. The prime sponsor and animal welfare advocates described declawing as cruel and linked it to pain and behavior problems, while the Washington State Veterinary Medical Association supported the substance of the bill but asked to remove the added reporting and disciplinary provisions as redundant and burdensome. House Bill 2211 would provide guidance for medically tailored meals under existing Medicaid-related nutrition supports, including standards for Washington-based nonprofit providers where possible, menu review, and nutrition requirements. The sponsor said it would clarify implementation without expanding the program, and supporters from meal providers, food distributors, and local farms said it would improve health outcomes, keep dollars local, and support Washington jobs and agriculture.
House Bill 2329 would allow licensed midwives to delegate certain tasks to medical assistants and to supervise medical assistants, with the sponsor and birth center operators saying it would fix an omission in current law and help rural and under-resourced birth centers operate more efficiently. Supporters said it would improve staffing and financial stability, while the sponsor indicated the lactation consultant language would likely be removed because those consultants are not regulated by the Department of Health. The committee then returned to House Bill 1904 for additional testimony from humane organizations, veterinarians, shelter leaders, and local officials, all supporting a ban on declawing and emphasizing animal pain, shelter impacts, and available alternatives.
House Bill 2247 would expand and clarify veterinary telehealth and veterinarian-client-patient relationship rules, allowing a VCPR to be established in certain telehealth circumstances and setting guardrails for consent, practice standards, and when in-person exams are still required. Supporters from shelters, animal welfare groups, mobile clinics, and veterinarians said telehealth would improve access in rural and underserved areas, reduce shelter intake, and help animals receive care sooner; the veterinary association supported the bill with amendments to clarify recordkeeping and access-to-care findings. House Bill 2339 would update nursing license terminology and processes for advanced registered nurse practitioners, including title changes, controlled substance rules for CRNAs, transcript submission, and interim permits. Nursing board and ARNP representatives supported the technical updates, while the hospital association and medical association raised concerns about title language for clinical nurse specialists and the deletion of a reference to the medical profession.
Finally, House Bill 2106 would require health carriers to give 90 days’ notice of significant mid-contract payer modifications and provide the actual modification language, with the sponsor and hospital and provider representatives saying insurers are increasingly making unilateral changes that affect payment, services, and patient access. UW Medicine and a rural hospital district described examples where insurers changed imaging or preventive service coverage mid-contract, causing financial losses and forcing difficult choices about network participation. Carriers were noted as opposing the bill, while providers and facilities argued it would improve transparency and prevent one-sided contract changes that disrupt care.
US
US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session
A joint hearing with the House Committee on Small Business to examine prosperity on Main Street, focusing on keeping taxes low for small businesses. Apr 8th, 2025 at 09:00 am
Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee
Transcript Highlights:
- in 23 years.
- York. and in Nebraska.
- in benefits.
- in business today.
- Yeah, and the way you survive is in continuously investing in that advancement, in the equipment.
Keywords:
joint hearing, small business, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, economic recovery, tax relief, job creation
Summary:
In this joint hearing of the House Committee on Small Business and the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, the primary focus was on the importance of making the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) permanent. The chair emphasized that small businesses are crucial for the nation's economic recovery, especially in the wake of current federal policies perceived as detrimental. Witnesses shared their experiences and highlighted how the tax cuts facilitated job creation and business expansion, stressing the need for continued support through ongoing tax relief measures. The meeting included discussions about the economic implications of the TCJA's potential expiration, with members voicing their concerns regarding how this could impact small businesses and the broader economy.
FL
Florida 2025 Regular Session
FL House Floor Session - 2025-02-13 (9:00AM Session)
Florida House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- in our hearts.
- I think the reason this is fair is in 100 percent of the cases where an illegal immigrant commits a crime
- Senator Pizzo: As practical fair guidance partners in our district participate in the spirit of the bill
- I urge my colleagues to reject this bill and to vote in fairness and economic stability and the current
- We are 47th in salaries in the nation.
NM
Transcript Highlights:
- So they're losing their sovereignty in relation to that. So I just want to give you a fair warning.
- Chair, Senator Padilla, yes, there are five provisions in the bill in which co-pays would kick in.
- Chair, Senator Padilla, yes, there are five provisions in the bill in which co-pays would kick in.
- Those in the audience in support will take three. How many do we have on Zoom in support?
- They have to stay in practice in the state for four years.
Keywords:
child care, child care assistance, child care subsidy, early childhood education, early childhood care, daycare, preschool, pre-K, Head Start, Early Head Start, Children's Code, early childhood education and care department, ECECD, child care facilities, licensed child care, registered child care, copayments, waitlist, subsidy, federal poverty level
TX
Texas 89th Regular
Delivery of Government Efficiency Apr 30th, 2025
Delivery of Government Efficiency
Transcript Highlights:
- They're in El Paso, but the board meetings are in the Valley.
- In my personal opinion, I think it will cost more than what's in this budget, in the fiscal note for
- In particular, in a section from the Senate Bill 2205 from 2017 that is in current statute, we feel needs
- That's a fair goal.
- In the last year, they were in.
Keywords:
government review, Texas Sunset Act, regulatory oversight, agencies, sunset provisions, autonomous vehicles, regulation, safety, criminal offense, Autonomous Vehicle Commission, registration, regulations, Level 4 automation, Level 5 automation, self-driving technology, traffic laws, permit system, collision reporting, safety standards, Automated Vehicle Commission
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Joint Hearing Assembly Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials Committee and Senate Environmental Quality Committee Aug 4th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Kettleman City or the ones in our partners in Clean Harbors in Buttonwillow.
- Kettleman City or the ones in our partners in clean arbors in Button Willow.
- We have two facilities in the state of California, one in the Central Valley, one in Southern California
- Academic advisors coming in, experts coming in. Nothing is changing.
- in 16 years.
Summary:
The joint oversight hearing reviewed the five-year implementation of SB 158 and the Board of Environmental Safety’s role in DTSC reform, with members and witnesses focusing on transparency, accountability, fee-setting, permit appeals, community engagement, and the unfinished SB 673 regulations. The chair raised concerns about the board’s effectiveness, including whether it has been too passive, whether its authority is sufficient, and whether a recent board appointment created an appearance of conflict. Testimony from Earthjustice emphasized that DTSC remains too slow and that the board should be more willing to push the department, speak publicly, and use its authority more actively. The California Council for Environmental and Economic Balance supported the board as a forum for transparency and accountability, while also stressing the need for stable funding and cautioning against politicization.
Community witnesses described the board as an important improvement because it created a public venue, ombudsperson, and permit appeal process that did not exist before, and because it has at times forced changes to DTSC’s hazardous waste management plan. At the same time, they argued that the board lacks leverage over budgets, staffing, and implementation, and that community input often does not translate into action. One witness urged statutory changes to align the director’s priorities, the hazardous waste management plan, and performance metrics, and to reconsider the current appeals process. Another called for stronger community engagement practices, more accessible public meetings, and outside help to redesign participation processes. Public commenters also asked for youth representation, stipends for participation, and a more direct role for the board in environmental justice matters.
Board Chair Andrew Rakestra and DTSC Director Katie Butler said the reforms have produced measurable improvements. They cited greater transparency through public meetings and ombuds services, stronger accountability through public performance metrics and permit appeals, improved fiscal stability, reduced permit backlogs, increased enforcement, and progress on safer consumer products and Exide cleanup. Both acknowledged remaining challenges, including the board’s limited authority over budgets, the need for earlier and more meaningful engagement, delays in completing SB 673 regulations, and the structural deficit in the hazardous waste control account. They also noted that the hazardous waste management plan left major policy questions unresolved and that the board retained oversight of implementation. No formal votes were taken during the hearing.
AK
Alaska 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Floor Session Jul 16th, 2026 at 10:30 am
Alaska House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- That is not inviting investment in our country or in our state.
- We're in our second and soon to be, actually, just for this, we're in our, technically in our third special
- Are we trying to stymie investment and growth in opportunities in employment in the state?
- in the world.
- I also want to close a major loophole in our tax structure. I want to have a fair system.
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
House Municipal and County Government (02/10/2026)
Municipal and County Government
Transcript Highlights:
- Rochester Fair used to bring in $75,000 in non-fair revenues, and then it went to zero when the city
- :49:40.400><c> it</c> be uh in non-fair revenues and then it be uh in non-fair revenues and then it went
- <04:54:13.440><c> in</c><04:54:13.760><c> this</c><04:54:14.000><c> state</c> fairs in this state fairs
- c> we call them county fairs in New we call them county fairs in New Hampshire<04:54:31.280><c> even<
- Deerfield Fair um in our 150 years has Deerfield Fair um in our 150 years has enjoyed<04:55:55.280><c
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Budget and Fiscal Review Subcommittee No. 2 on Resources, Environmental Protection and Energy Mar 5th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- into account when we look at changes in costs or changes in price.
- So in one time, when in the 1930s,...
- So I don't know whether you have any concerns in our policies in California.
- So even in wildfire, you want to be in one of those houses.
- in both DSGS and ELRP.
Summary:
The Senate Budget Subcommittee on Resources, Environmental Protection and Energy heard six budget-related items and took no votes, holding all items open for a future hearing. The first item concerned a climate bond expenditure plan for the California Transmission Accelerator Revolving Fund under SB 254. GoBiz, IBank, and the Department of Finance described a request for nearly $26 million and 10 limited-term positions to develop financing strategies and evaluate transmission projects, while the LAO said the proposal was broadly consistent with Prop. 4 but noted that the Legislature may want to provide more direction on program design. Senators questioned how the proposal would lower ratepayer costs, protect state funds, and ensure accountability for billion-dollar transmission projects.
The second item covered trailer bill language to redirect funding among demand-side reliability programs. Finance proposed moving $22 million from the DEPA program to DSGS for summer 2026 and using CalSHAPE interest funds for ELRP or an equivalent CPUC program in 2027-28, with CEC and CPUC coordinating the transition. Senators and LAO questioned why CalSHAPE funds should not continue supporting schools, and several members argued DSGS has been more successful and should continue rather than be shifted to ELRP. CEC and CPUC explained that DSGS and ELRP serve different reliability functions and do not address public safety power shutoffs. Public commenters, including school groups and clean energy advocates, split between extending CalSHAPE for school HVAC/plumbing projects and preserving or expanding DSGS.
The committee also heard on petroleum market oversight implementation under SBX1-2 and ABX2-1, with the CEC and its Division of Petroleum Market Oversight requesting additional staffing to support inventory monitoring, refinery resupply analysis, and market oversight. Senators pressed for details on investigations, refinery margins, gasoline price spikes, and the transportation fuels transition plan, while staff said the draft plan would be released soon and that DPMO’s work on branded versus unbranded gasoline remains ongoing. Finally, the CPUC presented three additional proposals: implementing AB 1207’s climate credit reforms, studying large-load/data center cost impacts under SB 57, and preparing for regional market participation under AB 825. The LAO repeatedly cautioned that some of these requests may go beyond statutory minimums and urged the Legislature to decide how much policy direction and staffing it wants to provide. Public commenters supported DPMO funding, opposed ending CalSHAPE, and strongly favored continued DSGS funding over a new ELRP structure.
KY
Kentucky 2026 Regular Session
House Standing Committee on Families and Children. (3-5-26)
Families & Children
Transcript Highlights:
- >> Come on in.
- </c> here and experts in the in this field here and experts in the in this field and<00:15:10.240><c>
- For me, my mom, she was my person who mitigated a lot of the negatives that happened in my childhood.
- in childhood those<00:28:17.039><c> can</c><00:28:17.279><c> be</c><00:28:17.440><c> mitigated</c><00
- </c><00:30:17.919><c> in</c> Thursday, March 12th at 9:00 a.m. in Thursday, March 12th at 9:00 a.m. in
NM
New Mexico 2026 Regular Session
House - Chamber Meeting Jan 27th, 2026 at 11:17 am
New Mexico House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- school in 2027.
- FFA started in 1928 by 33 farm boys in Virginia.
- Commerce in my car.
- One's now working in the funeral home, in the funeral business.
- The House will stand in recess until 11:00 in the morning tomorrow.
Bills:
HM19
Keywords:
New Mexico Aviation and Aerospace Day, aviation, aerospace, space industry, missile programs, Spaceport America, White Sands Missile Range, White Sands Test Facility, Kirtland Air Force Base, drone, unmanned aircraft systems, commercial space transportation, NASA, aircraft, STEM education, research laboratories, Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, flight testing, medical evacuation