Video & Transcript Research : 'Technology'

Page 181 of 426
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Appropriations - S/C on Articles I, IV, & V Feb 24th, 2025

Appropriations - S/C on Articles I, IV, & V

Transcript Highlights:
  • . these critical systems will reduce our reliance on expensive and outdated technology. decrease the
  • We request an additional $25.7 million over the biennium for information. technology projects classified
  • On the technology, changing people from contractor to staff, did we do?
  • And so the funding for those technology upgrades, and for that matter, the funding.
  • And to hire a technology project manager would go towards those recommendations.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Senate Session (Part I) Feb 5th, 2025

Texas Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Because of technology, because of leadership among our members, including Senator Parker. and others
  • It will maintain consistency with the National Institute of standards and technology in IST for cyber
  • expenses under SB 2 if they They choose to enhance an educational experience with materials or technology
  • include uniforms that are required by an education service provider it also allows the purchase of technology
  • Part of the examples of the amendments that I mentioned would be interpreters, the assistive technology
Bills: SB2, SJR36, SB2, SB2, SR29, SB2
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

House of Representatives Apr 22nd, 2026

Louisiana House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The technology is not 1995. It's now readily available.
  • I do note in the statute it says that if it's not technologically possible or if it presents a problem
  • Capacity and bandwidth are used interchangeably in technology.
  • And bandwidth are used interchangeably in technology. So that's the only concern to update it.
  • Senate Bill 451 by Senator Kleinpeter: newborn hearing screening to update technology and definitions
ND

North Dakota 2025-2026 Regular Session

Tribal and State Relations Committee Apr 13th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • all, I think there's some great opportunity with rural health transformation dollars because the technology
  • all, I think there's some great opportunity with rural health transformation dollars because the technology
  • One after that is bringing high quality care closer to home, and the last one is connecting technology
  • add a little bit to what Stephanie has said, you know, we talk about innovation, we talk about technology
  • But the technology is getting better, and we're putting bigger, more technology into the system, along
Summary: The meeting focused heavily on behavioral health and substance use treatment, especially the IMD exclusion and whether North Dakota should pursue a Section 1115 waiver to allow Medicaid reimbursement for services in institutions for mental diseases for adults ages 21 to 64. Turtle Mountain representatives described major local needs, including limited access to care, high syphilis rates, and the importance of timely public health data. They also discussed the tribe’s recovery center, which opened the prior year, now operating five levels of care with 16 beds, and the desire to expand capacity, possibly through an IMD waiver or related policy changes. Committee members also raised related issues such as rural health transformation funding, telehealth, workforce retention, and the need for better coordination between tribal and state public health systems. A central issue was Turtle Mountain Public Health’s long-running effort to secure a data use agreement with the state so it can receive surveillance data and respond directly to infectious disease cases among tribal members. Speakers said the tribe had a successful COVID-era agreement that allowed faster contact tracing and case management, but that agreement ended with the pandemic. They argued that current delays in sharing data, especially for sexually transmitted infections, leave the tribe unable to respond quickly, while the state and county epidemiology workload is too distant and stretched to be effective. Committee members expressed support and said they would look into the issue, noting that other tribes have secured similar agreements. The committee also heard a detailed presentation from the National Health Law Program on the IMD exclusion. The presenter explained that federal Medicaid law generally bars payment for care in facilities with more than 16 beds, but that states can use other tools such as state plan amendments, managed care arrangements, telehealth, and community-based services. He said IMD waivers are administratively complex, time-limited, and have shown mixed results in other states, with some gains in residential treatment access but limited evidence of improved overdose outcomes or stronger community-based care. He urged the committee to consider broader continuum-of-care solutions and cautioned that waivers alone are not a cure-all. No final vote was taken on the bill draft during the portion shown, but the committee discussed the proposal to appropriate $49,000 and one FTE to HHS to pursue an IMD waiver and report back in the next interim. Members also debated the policy rationale for the 16-bed limit, the role of the state versus tribal sovereignty, and whether the bill should move through the Health Care or Human Services committee in the future.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • producing or distributing sexually explicit visual material created using artificial intelligence technology
  • age-appropriate to raise awareness so that future generations can understand the implications of these technologies
  • Having protection is critical for the growth of technology. Thank you for your time.
  • I think all of us know that with technology.
  • example, actually addressed... ...satisfies what the public actually votes on, including those technology
KY
Transcript Highlights:
  • It looks like we're living in a moment of exponential technology growth, and I believe it's certainly
  • Every breakthrough from personal computing to the internet to mobile technology has built upon that,
  • Some of the uses of the funds would include adaptive equipment, technology, personal hygiene, grooming
  • would include adaptive<00:05:58.960> equipment<00:05:59.360> Tech<00:05:59.639> technology
  • adaptive equipment Tech technology adaptive equipment Tech technology personal<00:06:00.800>
Summary: The Senate State and Local Government Committee met and first considered Senate Bill 4, sponsored by Sen. Bledsoe, which would create a risk-based AI governance framework for state government and address AI-generated misinformation in campaigns and elections. The sponsor said the bill came from the AI task force and is intended to promote transparency, accountability, and responsible use of AI while distinguishing between internal and external systems. The committee took a roll call vote and reported the bill out 7-0. The committee then heard Senate Bill 58, sponsored by Sen. Webb, which would allow Kentucky Retirement System benefits to be designated to a Special Needs Trust for a beneficiary. Webb said the bill would help families of special-needs children preserve benefits for supplemental needs such as adaptive equipment, technology, and medical or dental care not covered by government programs. He said retirement systems had provided no-impact letters, and the bill passed 7-0. Members also approved Senate Bill 117, which would let cities adjust incentive payments for training by appointed and elected city officials and remove the statutory minimum from ordinance requirements, and Senate Bill 121, which would authorize county judges to contract with rescue groups to deal with wild horse herds in rural areas. SB 117 passed 10-0 and SB 121 passed 10-0. The committee then took up Senate Bill 71, as amended by a committee substitute, dealing with local library board appointments. Sen. Boswell said the bill was a compromise but that he preferred removing KDLA from the process entirely; library representatives opposed the committee substitute and said they wanted KDLA out of the selection process. Several senators expressed conditional support but said they wanted further changes, and the committee adopted the substitute and reported the bill out after a roll call vote with 10 yeas and 1 pass, with members noting they expected further floor amendments.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • stronger research and development infrastructure to help us compete at the frontiers of knowledge, technology
  • With additional funding, we would like to locate opportunities to prepare technology in our initiatives
  • appreciation for the Senate's inclusion of the Coordinating Board's exceptional Item number three on technology
  • appreciates the Senate's recognition of this need and commitment to funding the Coordinating Board's technology
  • In summary, modernizing the Coordinating Board's technology efforts and data systems is not just an operational
Bills: SB1, SB 1
HI

Hawaii 2025 Regular Session

FIN Info Briefing - Tue Jan 14, 2025 @ 9:00 AM HST

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • <01:51:12.840> that having the tools and technologies that having the tools and technologies
  • <02:20:49.960> to<02:20:50.160> better or other kinds of Technologies to better or
  • other kinds of Technologies to better manage<02:20:51.399> but<02:20:51.680> also<02:20
  • We've participated in the HTDC technology. We've done it twice so far.
  • When we began the SkillBridge, the first occupation we focused on was information technology because
Keywords: 910, house, all
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Transportation Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Transportation

Transcript Highlights:
  • remember the license plate, but these are now being seen in other countries, where using this type of technology
  • Your watch, this technology, your car, this system is broken.
  • Your watch, this technology, your car, this system is broken.
  • And the EZID program puts technology.
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Transportation held a hybrid hearing on a large slate of bills covering motor vehicle sales, registration, title processing, dealer regulation, and several local matters. Chair Cyrro noted that Senate Bill 2414 had been postponed at the sponsor’s request, though public testimony would still be accepted. The hearing then heard testimony on measures including S. 2367, which would make an insurer primary for losses caused by an insured driver in a rental car; H. 3698 and related bills on codifying registration of 25-year-old imported Japanese kei vehicles; H. 3701 on requiring lienholders to release titles within seven days; H. 3690 on capping dealer documentation fees; and H. 3641 on requiring education for class two motor vehicle dealers. Testimony also addressed e-titling and e-signatures, peer-to-peer car sharing, temporary license plates, duplicate plates, general registration plates for motor vehicle distributors, and a bill to ban tinted license plate covers. Supporters of the rental-car insurance bill argued Massachusetts is an outlier compared with 47 other states and said the change would improve fairness, competition, and consumer understanding without raising premiums. Dealers and industry groups generally supported e-titling/e-signature modernization and the inspection-related bill, but urged safeguards to preserve title, registration, and insurance verification. The Massachusetts State Auto Dealers Association opposed the doc-fee cap, saying documentation fees are a disclosed cost-recovery tool that varies by dealership. Representatives and advocates for kei vehicles said the RMV’s 2024 reversal showed the need to codify the rules in law, while opponents of the RMV’s approach described it as arbitrary and harmful to owners and importers. Supporters of the dealer-education bill said it would curb unregulated “curbstoning” and help ensure proper title handling and consumer protection. Several local and specialty bills also drew testimony. Hatfield officials supported a local bill allowing golf carts on certain town roads under strict safety rules, and Representative Ayers testified for a bill banning tinted license plate covers to aid toll collection, law enforcement, and vehicle identification. Senator Lovely and other advocates supported the “Easy ID” license plate proposal, saying it would improve vehicle recognition in crime and child-abduction investigations. The committee took no votes during the hearing and adjourned after public testimony concluded.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am

Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies

Transcript Highlights:
  • Welcome to the first public hearing of the Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies
  • We are the hub for quantum computing, robotics, AI, big data, battery technology, and green technology
  • Entrepreneurial and Economic Investment Fund; H. 492, An Act Establishing an Advisory Commission on Science, Technology
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies held its first public hearing of the session, chaired by Rep. Carole Fiola with Sen. Barry Finegold. After housekeeping on livestreaming, virtual testimony, and written testimony deadlines, the committee heard testimony on several bills, with the main focus on S. 303/H. 503/S. 305 and H. 491, all related to worker ownership and business succession. Testimony generally supported expanding employee ownership, right of first refusal for workers, and incentives for owners to sell to employee groups. Speakers from worker co-ops, technical assistance organizations, lenders, and business owners said these measures could preserve local businesses, protect jobs, build worker wealth, and help communities retain valued services and storefronts. On S. 303, Vincent Lawrence Dixon described a proposal to create tools such as a special community trustee, right of first refusal, and community institution landmarks to help communities preserve important local properties and uses when owners cease operations. On H. 491 and the employee-ownership bills, witnesses including Matthew Page Lieberman, Caleb from Circus Cooperative Cafe, Sarah Acefa of Dorchester Food Co-op, Halsey Platt, Kevin O'Brien, John Abrams, Virginia Berman, Stacey Cordero, Adrian Roman, Alex Popali, Adam Trott, and Ethan Tupelo emphasized that worker-owned businesses can be more resilient, support democratic participation, and help with business transitions as owners retire or close. Committee members asked questions about the tax incentive threshold, the timing and mechanics of the right of first refusal, and whether the bills would affect sale prices or business succession. Rep. Kristen Kassner also testified on H. 490, which would create a special commission to inventory the Commonwealth’s built environment, infrastructure, permitting, and land-use barriers to help Massachusetts adapt vacant or underused spaces for the next economy. She said the commission would help identify opportunities for housing, climate and energy tech, advanced manufacturing, and other uses, and members discussed commission composition and data sources. At the end of the hearing, the chair read a series of additional bills into the record, noted an upcoming Economic Development Expo, and the committee adjourned after a motion and second.
MO

Missouri 2026 Regular Session

2026 Legislative Session - Day Sixty - Wednesday, April 29

Missouri House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • And so back then, the original fee supported a system that worked for the technology of the time.
  • Modern technology has moved us to the point where we can access these records a lot quicker, but that
  • While I appreciate the spring chicken from the Mayhew District, I'm talking about technology, just wanted
  • Spring chicken from the Mayhew District talking about technology.
Keywords: 959, house, all
Summary: The House convened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, approved the House Journal for the prior day by a 126-0 roll call, and then moved through several points of personal privilege and guest introductions. Members recognized National Fentanyl Awareness Day, honored journalist Ray Hartman with a moment of silence, and welcomed numerous student groups, interns, and other visitors to the chamber. The main floor action centered on conference committee report HB 2637/HB 3155, a large public safety package. Members discussed its size and scope, including juvenile justice changes, mental health provisions, cyberstalking language, drone restrictions, prosecutorial salaries, and sex offender registry issues. The House first approved a motion allowing conferees to exceed the differences, then adopted the conference report 124-13, passed the bill 119-18, and adopted an emergency clause for the drone-related sections 125-15. Supporters said the bill improved earlier legislation, while opponents criticized the bill’s length and constitutionality. The House then passed Senate Bill 834, a consumer protection measure combining mortgage modification rules with protections against predatory residential sale-leaseback transactions, by 139-1. Members said it would help homeowners and small businesses and improve transparency. The chamber also passed Senate Bill 937, a land transfer bill authorizing the governor to dispose of certain state properties, by 137-2-1 after a minor amendment, and Senate Bill 938, which raises recording-related fees from $4 to $6 to fund the land survey program and recorder of deeds offices, by 121-21-2. Finally, the House passed House Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 973, a wholesaler/consumer protection bill that was amended to remove a school property right-of-first-refusal provision and add land bank language, by 110-36. The House then announced upcoming committee meetings, noted bills moving to the informal calendar, and adjourned until April 30, 2026.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • These are the transformative care model, rural workforce development, and technology and tools.
  • And then finally, health technology and digital tools. These investments are foundational.
  • something we're calling accelerated partnerships, the transformative care model, workforce grants, and technology
  • nonprofit health IT company that has been working very closely with H-Kai on a health information technology
Keywords: 988, house, all
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

HSH-HLT Joint Public Hearing - Thu Apr 16, 2026 @ 9:45 AM HST

Human Services & Homelessness

Transcript Highlights:
  • And looking at what technology, what services can improve what has been done so far.
  • 00:05:30.960> looking<00:05:31.480> at<00:05:32.560> what<00:05:32.960> technology
  • And looking at what technology And looking at what technology um<00:05:35.680> what<00:05
Bills: SCR63, SCR8, SCR160, SCR90, SCR93
Summary: The House Committee on Human Services and Homelessness heard several resolutions focused on disability access, housing, and support for Native Hawaiian beneficiaries. SCR 63 SD1 would have the Disability and Communication Access Board study communication needs in health care settings for people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or deaf-blind and revise provider guidance; testimony was strongly supportive, including from the board, a physician, and a family member who described harmful delays in care, and the committee later recommended passage as is. SCR 8 would require counties to act within 45 days on completed permit applications for home modifications needed for an older adult or person with a disability; testimony noted delays in permitting and financing, and the committee recommended passage as is. The committee also heard SCR 160, which urges state housing agencies to create a “housing ladder” program to help individuals and families move from subsidized to unsubsidized housing. Hawaii Public Housing Authority and other agencies supported the concept, and DHS described its family self-sufficiency program and said prior federal resident-services funding had declined over the past 20 years. The committee acknowledged the program may already exist in some form but still recommended adoption of the resolution as is. SCR 90 would ask county planning departments to establish kupuna-friendly building permit requirements for parking accessibility in private businesses. The committee moved it forward with an HD1 for technical amendments; a member raised concern that the measure did not specify the age threshold for “kupuna,” and said they would vote with reservations. Finally, SCR 93 would direct DHHL and the Statewide Office of Homelessness and Housing Solutions to develop a coordinated support and stabilization pathway for Native Hawaiian beneficiaries experiencing homelessness or very low income. DHHL said it is already operating a transitional housing effort called Ka Leo Opu Mama for about 18 beneficiaries using more than $6 million in federal Nah Ho Sa funds, with no dedicated state funding, and the committee recommended passage as is. The meeting ended with the chair thanking testifiers and members and adjourning the hearing.
AR

Arkansas 2026 Regular Session

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE Mar 16th, 2026

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE

Transcript Highlights:
  • Representative Meeks then asked about the growth of technology, especially AI, and whether hospitals
  • in Arkansas are implementing these technologies and bringing them to the state.
  • The witness said hospitals are definitely looking into these technologies.
  • She explained that hospitals want to invest in technology, but they need the revenue and resources to
Summary: The subcommittee met to review Arkansas DHS hospital spending and reimbursement methods, with Secretary Janet Mann and Deputy Secretary Misty Eubanks explaining Medicaid hospital payments. They described fee-for-service per diem payments, cost settlements, and the upper payment limit (UPL) program, noting that SFY 2025 hospital payments included $688 million in inpatient/outpatient claims, $473 million in UPL payments, $248 million in cost settlements, and about $47 million in other payments such as graduate medical education and disproportionate share hospital funds. Members asked about why per diem rates vary, how cost settlements work, why UPL applies mainly to private hospitals, and how assessment fees are structured and funded. DHS said the hospital assessment fee is broad-based and uniform, used as the state share to draw federal funds, and that supplemental hospital payments after federal match totaled $548 million with no general revenue used. The Arkansas Hospital Association’s Jody Ann Tritt then gave a broader overview of the hospital landscape, explaining the different hospital types in the state, including critical access hospitals, rural emergency hospitals, PPS hospitals, and specialty hospitals. She said Arkansas hospitals face financial strain, citing a negative 5.18% patient service margin statewide and lower reimbursement than surrounding states. She argued that Arkansas hospitals are paid less than hospitals in neighboring states for similar services, that commercial payer rates and administrative burdens are a major problem, and that Medicaid and Medicare rates remain below cost even with UPL support. She also said hospitals are the backbone of community care, provide emergency and public health functions, and are looking for ways to invest in technology and telehealth but often lack the revenue to do so. Members pressed for clearer data on hospital finances, reimbursement adequacy, and the impact of commercial insurers. Tritt said the association had just authorized a statewide survey to gather updated financial information from hospitals, which she said would take about a year to complete. She also explained that Medicaid pays weekly, Medicare and commercial plans can involve delays and denials, and that hospitals often spend significant resources on revenue cycle work. The discussion ended with a brief update on assisted living reimbursement: DHS said one facility, The Pillars of the Community in Crossett, had announced closure, nine Living Choices waiver clients were being transitioned, and the updated rate study would be available after cost reports are collected, likely before the end of the fiscal year. The meeting then adjourned.
MD

Maryland 2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session, 3/9/2026 #1

Maryland House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Tex Torina, Charles County, District 28, North Point High School of Science and Technology.
  • <00:27:00.840> and Point High School of Science and Point High School of Science and Technology
  • Technology. Technology.
Summary: The House convened with prayer, established a quorum, and approved the previous day’s journal. The main formal action was the reading and adoption of a House resolution honoring the women of the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion for their World War II service, with remarks emphasizing their role in clearing a massive mail backlog, supporting troop morale, and breaking barriers for African American women in the military. The resolution was read in full and presented on March 9, 2026. The chamber then handled introductory legislation and Senate messages on consent calendars. House Bills 1632 through 1642 were read the first time and referred to the appropriate committees, and Introductory House Bond Initiatives 62 through 65 were referred to Appropriations. Senate Bill 439 was introduced in the House and referred to Economic Matters, and Senate Bill 69 was introduced and referred to Government, Labor, and Elections. No objections or recorded votes were noted on these referrals. The remainder of the meeting consisted largely of caucus and guest announcements. Members announced upcoming caucus meetings, a high school shadow day, an Iftar dinner hosted by the Muslim and Women’s Caucuses, a Women’s Caucus election with in-person and remote voting times, and other constituent and guest recognitions, including District nights and visits from AFSCME Maryland Council 3, the Junior League of Annapolis, foster youth participants, and student pages. The House then adjourned on motion of the Majority Leader until Tuesday, March 10 at 10:00 a.m.
CO

Colorado 2026 Regular Session

Colorado Senate 2026 Legislative Day 051 Mar 6th, 2026

Colorado Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Senate Business, Labor, and Technology Committee will be meeting in Senate Committee Room 352 to hear
  • Senate Business, Labor, and Technology Committee will be meeting in Senate Committee Room 352 to hear
  • Senate Business, Labor, and Technology Committee will be meeting in Senate Committee Room 352 to hear
  • Senate Business, Labor, and Technology Committee will be meeting in Senate Committee Room 352 to hear
Keywords: 981, all
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

FL House Floor Session - 2026-02-20 (9:00AM Session)

Florida House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • million for security in Jewish day schools, and $2.5 million for a new grant program to support technology-based
  • increases, and $18.3 million to address food service inflation. inflation, and $19.8 million for technology
  • The budget also addresses a range of operational technology and workload needs for entities under the
  • prioritizes case processing with an additional $2.3 million, includes $2.7 million for case management technology
Keywords: 998, house, all
FL

Florida 2026 5th Special Session

Appropriations Jan 14th, 2026

Transcript Highlights:
  • allows FDLE to continue to work with local law enforcement to intel share and have better connected technology
  • operations, as well as give them some additional resources in a sandbox where agencies can test this technology
  • I believe that's an investment in Florida's future, particularly in our technologically and hopefully
  • we need help in in terms of Florida, and many of them in health care as well as in science and technology
Summary: The Appropriations Committee first took up SB 7010, which would authorize Roth contributions in state and local deferred compensation plans. Senator Mayfield explained that current law only allows pre-tax contributions, and the bill would let the Department of Financial Services and local governments offer post-tax Roth options. The bill had one support appearance card, no debate, and was reported favorably by roll call vote. The committee then received a lengthy presentation from the Governor’s Office of Policy and Budget on the governor’s recommended “Floridians First” budget, totaling $117.4 billion and $53.2 billion in general revenue. The presentation highlighted reserves, debt paydown, tax relief, and proposed reductions and efficiencies, along with major spending areas in education, health care, public safety, corrections, transportation, and economic development. Key proposals included higher K-12 funding, teacher salary increases, funding for Everglades and water quality projects, emergency preparedness, corrections staffing and facility funding, cybersecurity, law enforcement recruitment bonuses, and affordable housing and infrastructure investments. Members asked extensive questions about property tax reserves, litigation funding, emergency response fund balances and spending, the Alligator Alcatraz detention facility and federal reimbursement, the Second Amendment sales tax holiday, animal abuse hotline funding, Hope Florida, corrections staffing, and teacher pay. A major portion of the discussion focused on the Department of Health’s planned changes to the ADAP HIV medication program, with senators and a public witness expressing concern about access to life-saving medications and possible misuse or redirection of funds. The committee did not take further action on the budget presentation, and the meeting ended after additional comments supporting the budget and the corrections funding, with SB 7010 already approved.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • Identifying technological solutions to essentially unify disparate content management systems into one
  • system, um, the requester identified a particular vendor as having the best technology for the job and
  • If TEC has the technology to send an email reminder, it has the ability to send an email or even a text
  • Um, uh, much-needed 22 lawyers and another, uh, person in our technology division that'll help, uh, roll
MN
Transcript Highlights:
  • And when I think ahead about a modern economy and what we're doing with technology and data, one of the
  • we're about a modern economy um and what we're doing<00:20:58.000> with<00:20:58.400> technology
  • c> data<00:21:00.720> um<00:21:01.039> one<00:21:01.280> of doing with technology
  • and data um one of doing with technology and data um one of the<00:21:01.520> places<00:21:01.760
Keywords: 1187, senate, all