Transcript Highlights:

• So the funding mechanism...
• So the funding mechanism. answer that question please do thank you so so the funding mechanism the funding
• The bottom right is a great slide because it shows you, we serve all ages.
• So that's part of our feedback mechanism: we go to where the need is.
• That was a feedback mechanism as I was hearing, and I said, we need to do more in that area.

Committee: Senate Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services

Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Health and Human Services heard a base budget overview for the 2025-26 fiscal year, which was presented as a $46.8 billion starting point for the silo. Staff explained that HHS accounts for about half of the state base budget and roughly 36% of general revenue, with AHCA and Medicaid making up the largest share. The committee then reviewed the PACE program for the elderly, including its eligibility, service model, growth in applications, slot funding and reversions, and the agency’s plan to move from the federal three-way agreement to a more detailed two-party contract to improve accountability, transparency, and reporting. Members raised concerns about unfilled slots, reversions, rural access, and the need for clearer return-on-investment data; the agency said it would follow up on some of those questions. The committee also heard from the Agency for Persons with Disabilities on its statewide dental program. APD described its history of appropriations, the failed January 2024 solicitation, and a new up-to-$11.5 million solicitation focused on preventive care, community partnerships, teledentistry, and coordination with other services. Members questioned overlap with Medicaid dental coverage, the effect of Medicaid unwinding on APD clients, and whether state dollars were duplicating federally supported services; APD said it tries to act as payer of last resort and that services would continue during procurement. Public testimony from an APD stakeholder and the Florida Dental Association emphasized Medicaid eligibility problems for waiver recipients, low reimbursement rates, limited access to anesthesia and hospital-based dental care, and concerns that proposed Medicaid changes could reduce access for special-needs patients. The Department of Veterans’ Affairs then presented on state veterans service officers and benefits assistance. FDVA highlighted its role in helping veterans access federal benefits, reporting about $27.9 billion in federal dollars flowing into Florida and a high return on state investment. The department said it has increased outreach, claims processing, and services, and has trained staff to identify mental health concerns through its Overwatch program. In response to questions, FDVA discussed plans to expand adult day health care at a new veterans nursing home and possibly at existing locations with additional state funding. At the end of the meeting, the committee completed its presentations and adjourned without objection.

Transcript Highlights:

• also establishes that the Agriculture Equipment Fair Repair Act ensures farmers and independent mechanics
• Yeah, so for me, I started 4-H at a very young age.
• Yeah, so for me, I started 4-H at a very young age.
• My love for this industry and the FFA is thanks to my mother, a middle school ag educator.
• This is also about the next generation of agriculture and a new age of discovery.

Bills: S0806

Committee: Senate Agriculture

Summary: The Committee on Agriculture took up SB 806, a consumer and agricultural equipment right-to-repair bill sponsored by Senator Truenow. The bill was described as expanding repair options for portable wireless devices and farm equipment while protecting trade secrets. Two amendments were adopted: one clarified that portable devices do not include motor vehicles, and another was a technical staff amendment. Testimony included support for the general goal of repair access, but opposition from a John Deere dealership representative, who warned the bill could weaken local dealer support, reduce parts inventory, increase downtime, and create emissions-compliance risks. The Consumer Technology Association also opposed the bill in its current form, citing concerns about a patchwork of state laws, a private right of action against manufacturers, and inconsistencies with other states’ repair laws. After closing remarks from Senator Truenow, the committee voted to report CS for SB 806 favorably. The committee then heard a presentation from Florida 4-H state officers and alumni, who highlighted 4-H’s role in youth development, leadership, agriculture, STEM, and healthy living. They described statewide participation of more than 216,000 youth, the impact of camps and hands-on programs, and efforts to raise funds for facility improvements, including Camp Cherry Lake and Camp Timpoochee. Members asked about how youth discover 4-H, what drives participation, and the organization’s growth goals, including reaching 300,000 youth. Next, Florida FFA state officers presented on agricultural education and FFA’s role in preparing students for careers in agriculture and related fields. They emphasized the three-part model of classroom instruction, supervised agricultural experience, and FFA leadership activities, and noted Florida’s membership growth to more than 65,000 students, supported by state funding that allows all agricultural education students to participate at no cost. Members discussed the need for technology and AI to help meet future food-production demands, and the presenters stressed innovation, urban agriculture, and efficiency as key to feeding a growing population. The meeting concluded with general comments of support and a request for a group photo with the students.

Transcript Highlights:

• That is what this mechanism is designed to do.
• I think we're in the process of trying to figure out what the mechanism would be.
• So this is a mechanism designed to get that.
• So this is a mechanism designed to get there.
• And that is a really, really important mechanism we need to also be working on for students.

Transcript Highlights:

• Juvenile courts have jurisdiction over persons under age 18 who are alleged to have committed a crime
• Moving to juvenile unlawful possession of a firearm, it's unlawful for a person under age 18 to own,
• We would need to figure out the mechanism. But what I was trying to Also the ability to arrest.
• From ages 11 to 12, I went in and out of juvenile detention.
• We recognize that people are peer validated at this age.

Summary: The committee heard testimony on House Bill 2456, which would create a juvenile firearm early intervention alternative for youth charged in juvenile court with unlawful possession of a firearm in the second degree. Staff explained that the program would require prosecutor agreement, intensive community supervision, random suspicionless searches, therapy and mentoring services, periodic court review, and dismissal of the charge upon successful completion. The bill would also raise concealed pistol license fees by $100 each and dedicate the revenue to a new account funding the alternative. Representative Davis said the bill is intended to fill the gap between firearm possession charges and later juvenile sentencing, and to fund evidence-based services; one member questioned whether the fee increase functions more like a tax than a fee. The chair then paused testimony on HB 2456 to return to the other bill. The bulk of the hearing focused on House Bill 2389, which would expand suspended disposition alternatives, reduce some juvenile robbery sentencing ranges, add a midpoint review for certain youth committed to DCYF, and create new rules for juvenile rehabilitation capacity and emergency transfers. Supporters, including youth currently or formerly in juvenile facilities, defense advocates, restorative justice providers, and some judges, argued the bill would reduce overcrowding, improve rehabilitation, address racial disparities, and give judges more individualized options. Several testified that youth need treatment, family connection, and incentives for progress rather than long confinement, and that current sentencing practices are outdated and underuse suspended dispositions. Opponents, including sheriffs, prosecutors, county officials, victim advocates, and some judges, argued the bill would shift costs and responsibility to counties, require resources that do not exist, and weaken accountability for serious offenses such as robbery, assault, and trafficking. They raised concerns about expanded appeals, added court workload, the need for more staffing and programming, and the impact on victims and public safety. DCYF said it supports reducing overcrowding but wants clearer emergency transfer authority for Green Hill; facility staff described improved conditions as population has fallen, but said overcrowding still creates safety and programming problems. No vote was taken in the portion of the hearing provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• The other thing I'll say is that my daughter's currently aging out of Pappas.
• She's 22, so she's aging out.
• Because as you describe, the infrastructure continues to age.
• Two of our respite patients have already aged out.
• I teach the oldest students, ages 19 to 21.

Summary: The hearing focused on the future of the Pappas Rehabilitation Hospital for Children and the work of the special legislative commission studying whether and how the facility should continue. Senators and representatives said the Legislature has continued funding Pappas, that the hospital cannot be closed before the commission reports, and that they are seeking to extend the commission’s deadline. Multiple commissioners and witnesses described Pappas as a unique setting combining inpatient medical care, residential programming, special education, therapy, and campus-based activities for children with complex medical needs. Union leaders, staff, parents, and local officials argued that Pappas is being quietly depopulated through blocked admissions and continued discharges despite the formal pause on closure. They said the hospital’s integrated model cannot be replicated elsewhere, that families and staff are being left in limbo, and that the state should invest in repairs, modernization, and possibly temporary modular space to reopen admissions. Several witnesses emphasized the impact on children who have benefited from Pappas and on workers who fear losing a specialized workforce built over decades. Department of Public Health Commissioner Robert Goldstein said the state is committed to keeping Pappas open and stable while the commission works, but that admissions must meet hospital-level-of-care standards and the current infrastructure limits who can safely be served. He said the administration has been expanding outreach, hiring staff, and exploring ways to broaden services, including outpatient and therapy programs over time. Commissioners pressed him on why admissions remain so limited and whether the facility is being effectively depopulated, while Goldstein maintained that the restrictions reflect legal and safety requirements rather than an effort to close the hospital.

Transcript Highlights:

• um is 70 and a half this age um is 70 and a half this modification<00:13:56.959><c> would</c><00:13:
• </c> contributions it lacks impass mechanism contributions it lacks impass mechanism so<00:16:22.759>
• For us, the context is simple: the current mechanism that began in the year 2000 with the creation of
• or has there arbitration uh mechanism or has there been been been for<00:18:59.200><c> the</c><00:18
• Improving the medical in lieu of a pay raise, yeah, but that we have no mechanism to adjudicate that.

Committee: House Labor

Transcript Highlights:

• Is there an age requirement on dual credit? Mr. Chair, and Secretary, jump in if I'm wrong.
• There are some programs that have an age requirement.
• One is what is the mechanism that you use to really kind of pivot in emerging industries.
• We need mechanics. We need engineers.
• Chair, but I'm very curious because our population is aging very rapidly.

Transcript Highlights:

• And when they're aging in, they're automatically guaranteed.
• and then they increase annually as the individual ages.
• So right now, at age 65, you select your plan.
• So say you develop cancer; certainly, just age itself is a pre-existing condition.
• Madam Chair, Representative Chavez, we do actually have a reporting mechanism and an audit mechanism

Bills: SB101 , SB21 , HM52 , HB132 , SB14 , SB20

Committee: House House Health & Human Services

Keywords: SB 101, Health Care Delivery and Access Act, repeal of repeal, sunset repeal, delayed repeal, health care, healthcare, access to care, medical services, provider regulation, state health law, New Mexico, SB 21, Medicare supplement, Medigap, open enrollment, guaranteed issue, birthday month enrollment, health insurance, insurance regulation

Transcript Highlights:

• That could include, between the ages of—actually, it's below the age of 13.
• still required at age 21.
• Chair, Senator, this does not affect the age at all. There is no age change.
• I wanted to raise the age to 16.
• So there is no change to the age.

Bills: SB41 , SB153 , SB165 , SB261 , SB264 , HB99 , HJR5 , HM39 , HB206 , HB213 , SB41 , SB153 , SB165 , SB261 , SB264

Committees: Senate Senate Judiciary , Senate House Judiciary

Keywords: sexual crimes, statute of limitations, criminal justice, victim rights, child abuse, procurement, contracting, small business, local government, disaster recovery, emergency procurement, certification, public spending, juvenile justice, delinquency, rehabilitation, community corrections, risk assessment, public safety, health regulations

Transcript Highlights:

• Anyone else have any mechanics? Senator Epstein? Okay, anyone else have any mechanics?
• We are the largest general ag organization in the state. We are in support of 2105.
• And this bill leaves them stuck with aging facilities.
• This is about when those things occur, what is going to be the mechanism for paying for those things?
• What is going to be the mechanism for paying for those things?

Bills: HB2016 , HB2104 , HB2105 , HB2174 , HB2256 , HB2289 , HB2477 , HB2903 , HB2939 , HB2979 , HB2996 , HB4103

Committees: Senate Finance , Senate Senate Finance Committee of Reference

Keywords: salvage vehicles, insurance claims, abandoned vehicles, salvage auction dealers, vehicle title, taxation, bonds, school finance, budget override, tax increases, voter approval, informational pamphlet, social credit score, social scoring, credit scoring, lending, loan approval, banking regulation, financial institutions, consumer lending

Transcript Highlights:

• way of background, a spring blade knife means any blade that is automatically released by a spring mechanism
• Adding all these restrictions based solely upon the mechanism of how a knife opens is just, I can't even
• Adding all these restrictions based solely upon the mechanism of how a knife opens is just, I can't even
• Statewide, the median basic budget for one adult with a preschool-aged child to afford a week's worth
• I joined after 9/11 at the age of 16. I left at 17.

Summary: The committee began with Senate Bill 5962 on spring blade knives, first suspending the five-day notice requirement. Staff explained the bill would remove spring blade knives from the list of dangerous weapons while keeping restrictions on carrying them in schools, child care, and other protected locations. Proponents, including Knife Rights and the prime sponsor Sen. T’wina Nobles, described the measure as a modernization and cleanup bill that would reduce confusion and support lawful use and manufacturing; one testifier strongly objected to the bill’s added location-based restrictions. Public testimony was overwhelmingly in support, and the hearing then moved on without a vote. Senate Bill 6105 would raise the wage exemption from garnishment for medical debt judgments from 30 to 60 times the state minimum wage, while keeping the 80% disposable earnings exemption and adding notice requirements identifying the debt as medical. Sen. Marko Liias said the bill is intended to protect low-wage workers from severe financial hardship and reduce incentives to work off the books. Supporters from patient, consumer, AARP, and anti-poverty groups said medical debt is often unexpected and garnishment can destabilize families; opponents from collectors and trade groups argued the bill was too broad, lacked stakeholder input, could hurt providers, and should define medical debt more clearly. The hearing closed with no action taken. The committee then heard Senate Bill 6203, which would clarify that out-of-state convictions can include foreign-country convictions for offender scoring if obtained with sufficient due process safeguards. The sponsor, Sen. Matt Boehnke, said the bill closes a gap in sentencing law; prosecutors supported the concept and suggested simplifying the language, while the Sentencing Guidelines Commission, defense attorneys, and public defense opposed it, citing undefined standards, difficulty verifying foreign convictions, and due process concerns. The committee also heard Senate Bill 6296 on involuntary treatment, which would expand who may petition for detention, change rules for assisted outpatient treatment and police assistance, require firearm surrender compliance procedures, and make other ITA changes. The sponsor and several providers and family members supported the bill as a needed modernization, while DCRs, disability advocates, behavioral health organizations, hospitals, and others raised concerns about due process, implementation, rural transport, capacity, and unintended consequences. No votes were taken on either bill during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• It gives us standing as a state to pursue these funds, but we do not have a mechanism to literally count
• It gives us standing as a state to pursue these funds, but we do not have a mechanism to literally calculate
• There's a statute out there that basically enables us to do that, but we don't have the mechanism to
• Does that work in with the AG? Or how do they have to get approval? Or how does that kind of work?
• Then obviously that program is no longer in existence, or whatever mechanism doesn't exist.

Committee: House Special Committee on Intergovernmental Affairs

Summary: The committee held an open hearing on House Bill 3006, which would create a state coordinator position to identify and recover federal funds appropriated to Missouri but never disbursed. The sponsor said the bill is aimed at broadband and other federal programs that failed to deliver promised money, arguing the state should have a mechanism to pursue those funds and that the expected recoveries would far exceed the cost of the new position. Members asked about the coordinator’s authority, the role of the Attorney General, and whether the bill would apply to pass-through funds or individual claims; the sponsor said it was intended for funds owed to the state, not for local or individual pass-through disputes. No testimony in favor or opposition was recorded, and the hearing concluded without a vote on HB 3006. The committee then moved into executive session and took up several bills. House Bill 2288 was brought up for a do pass vote and failed on a roll call vote of 5 ayes and 7 noes. House Bill 3000 was then considered and passed unanimously, 12 ayes and 0 noes. The committee next considered House Bill 313. A substitute was adopted after a brief explanation that it added a definition of “public building” used elsewhere in the chapter and made a grammatical change. The House Committee Substitute for HB 313 then received a do pass recommendation by a vote of 11 ayes and 1 no, and the meeting adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• It gives us standing as a state to pursue these funds, but we do not have a mechanism to literally count
• It gives us standing as a state to pursue these funds, but we do not have a mechanism to literally calculate
• There's a statute out there that basically enables us to do that, but we don't have the mechanism to
• Does that work in with the AG? Or how do they have to get approval? Or how does that kind of work?
• Then obviously that program is no longer in existence, or whatever mechanism doesn't exist.

Committee: House Special Committee on Intergovernmental Affairs

Transcript Highlights:

• Enforcement mechanism.
• And the AG would then have to... the tenant would have to be able to...
• the enforcement where the AG would be involved in the enforcement piece.
• The reason that we're introducing two different mechanisms, Mr.
• The process that currently exists under the AG is related to the Consumer Protection...

Transcript Highlights:

• also establishes that the Agriculture Equipment Fair Repair Act ensures farmers and independent mechanics
• Yeah, so for me, I started 4-H at a very young age.
• My love for this industry and the FFA is thanks to my mother, a middle school ag educator.
• This is also about the next generation of agriculture and a new age of discovery.
• This is also about the next generation of agriculture and a new age of discovery.

Summary: The Agriculture Committee took up SB 806, the consumer and agricultural equipment right-to-repair bill by Senator Trumbull. Trumbull said the measure would expand repair options for portable wireless devices and farm equipment while protecting trade secrets. The committee adopted two amendments: one clarifying the bill does not apply to motor vehicles, and a technical staff amendment. Testimony was mixed: an Everglades Equipment representative opposed the bill, warning it could weaken local dealer support, reduce parts inventory, and increase downtime for farmers; the Consumer Technology Association also opposed the bill in its current form, citing concerns about a patchwork of state repair laws, private lawsuits, and inconsistent standards. The bill was reported favorably as CS for SB 806 by a roll call vote of 4-0, with Senator Rouson not voting. The committee then heard a presentation from Florida 4-H state officers Timmy Hawes, Summer Wayne, and Taylor Thigpin. They described 4-H as a youth development organization focused on citizenship and leadership, agriculture, STEM, and healthy living, serving more than 216,000 youth statewide. They highlighted personal stories about how 4-H built confidence, leadership, and entrepreneurship skills, and they outlined goals to grow participation to 300,000 youth and to invest in 4-H camps, especially Camp Cherry Lake and Camp Timpoochee, as year-round learning sites. Senators praised the program and asked questions about how youth get involved and what drives participation. Florida FFA state officers Hope Storder and Isabel Jenkins then presented on agricultural education and FFA. They explained FFA’s three-part model of classroom instruction, supervised agricultural experience, and leadership development, and noted that Florida now has more than 65,000 FFA members and that state funding has allowed all agricultural education students to participate at no cost. They emphasized agriculture’s role in feeding a growing population and discussed how technology, innovation, and urban agriculture can help meet future production needs. Senators commended the organization’s work and its role in preparing future leaders and agricultural professionals. At the end of the meeting, Senator Burton requested a group photo with the students, and the committee agreed.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's not only a new program, but the mechanism this is being funded is also new.
• There's no mechanism for us to make that happen.
• “So will there be language on those accountability mechanisms?”
• What enforcement mechanism is there?
• Michael Bocador on behalf of the Ag Energy Consumers Association.

Summary: The joint hearing focused on CARB’s proposed April amendments to California’s cap-and-invest regulations, adopted under AB 1207 and SB 840. Committee members repeatedly framed the issue as a balance between climate ambition, affordability, leakage prevention, and the Legislature’s budget priorities. Several senators argued the proposal would weaken the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF), reduce funding for transit, affordable housing, drinking water, wildfire prevention, and other programs, and potentially undermine the Legislature’s intent in last year’s reauthorization. Others emphasized that the program’s core purpose is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and that any changes should preserve the cap’s integrity and the state’s climate targets. CARB Chair Lauren Sanchez said the amendments were designed to implement legislative direction while responding to public comment and economic uncertainty. She described four main changes: increasing electric bill credits, expanding the manufacturing decarbonization incentive (MDI) to $4 billion, adding about $800 million in additional compliance support for industry, and removing post-2030 allowance allocations from the current rulemaking. CARB said the proposal would still maintain declining caps aligned with 2030 and 2045 targets, provide near-term affordability relief, and support businesses and jobs while reducing emissions. In response to questions, CARB said the MDI has guardrails, is limited to emissions-reducing projects, and would require reporting and repayment if projects do not materialize. The Legislative Analyst’s Office said the amendments are significant and could affect several legislative priorities. LAO highlighted that the MDI would add allowances above the cap, creating uncertainty about environmental ambition and 2030 compliance, while also shifting more allowances to industry and fewer to the GGRF. LAO said the proposal could significantly reduce GGRF revenues and noted that, if revenues fall to CARB’s estimated level, some tiered programs could go unfunded. The Department of Finance explained that GGRF revenue estimates are updated three times a year and are difficult to predict because they depend on auction outcomes and market conditions. Senators pressed both agencies on whether the proposal would raise consumer costs, whether industry savings would be passed through, and whether the Legislature should receive updated revenue estimates before voting on the budget.

Transcript Highlights:

• If a violation is determined by the Attorney General, the AG... could bring action in court.
• cities who have been defiantly against participating in regulatory consistency, so having these mechanisms
• I think it's very obvious that we need some sort of enforcement mechanism.
• This bill, if for whatever reason, if someone—if the AG came down and said, "You're doing the wrong thing
• The E-Verify system functions as a necessary compliance mechanism to operationalize and enforce federal

Bills: SB324 , SB1978 , SB2139 , SB2401 , SB2587 , SB2610 , SB2858 , SB3016

Committee: Senate Business & Commerce

Transcript Highlights:

• As you recall, we did expand the ages of the animals we want to test.
• Mechanical pencils have...
• Alternatives of regular wood pencils as well as plastic mechanical pencils are available, so the MPCA
• pencils, specifically high-end mechanical pencils used by architects, engineers, and draftsmen.
• Keep in ink pens and mechanical pencils, I guess.

Committee: House Environment and Natural Resources Finance and Policy

Transcript Highlights:

• One of the exemptions in the bill, Leader, is foster youth who have aged out up to the age of 22.
• Do you know how many of these would be age 22 to 26 who have aged out of foster care?
• And I'd just like to welcome you all to the age of the Jetsons.
• Our committee is now part of the age of the Jetsons in hearing this bill.
• I just wanted to state mechanically when we vote for this.

Bills: S0006 , S0026 , S0206 , S0532 , S0576 , S1012 , S1110 , S1178 , S1192 , S1758 , S1760 , S7046 , S7048

Committee: Senate Appropriations

Summary: The Appropriations Committee met and considered a large agenda of bills, reporting several measures favorably. Early action included SB 6, a settled claim bill involving the Department of Children and Families and the estate of Leila Estrada and Sapphire Williams, which was approved for $3.8 million. The committee also passed a cybersecurity internships bill creating a Department of Commerce program with Cyber Florida, and SB 532, which lets clerks of court retain the full amount of certain excess revenue and clarifies foreclosure-sale procedures. Veterans housing measures, CS for CS for SB 1602 and SB 1604, were approved to create a pilot program and a related trust fund for vacancy relief and risk mitigation for veteran housing. The committee also favorably reported SB 1110 on Medicaid and insurance coverage for orthotics and prosthetics, with emotional testimony from a student and family describing the high cost and importance of activity-specific prosthetics. Members also approved CS for CS for SB 1012 after adopting an amendment that removed inmate emergency and specialty medical service compensation provisions while retaining changes to the contractor-operated institutions inmate welfare trust fund. Another bill, CS for CS for SB 1614, was narrowed by a delete-all amendment to focus on limiting the use of excess fees for new building construction by local governments. All of these measures were reported favorably after brief debate, with some support testimony submitted in writing or waived. The most extensive discussion centered on CS for CS for SB 17, a major Medicaid and public assistance overhaul. The bill would create a Joint Legislative Committee on Medicaid Oversight, allow the Legislature to retain its own actuary, tighten Medicaid program oversight, update encounter-data reporting, set performance standards for managed care plans, revise pharmacy benefit manager rules, and require DCF to implement SNAP fraud-reduction and payment-accuracy reforms, including photo IDs on EBT cards and updated work requirements. It also would direct agencies to seek federal waivers for Medicaid work requirements for able-bodied adults and expanded behavioral health services. After lengthy questioning and testimony, the committee adopted amendments adding a transitional medical benefits glide path for people who gain employment and later lose Medicaid eligibility, and exempting hospice patients with six months or less to live. Supporters argued the bill would improve accountability, reduce fraud, and save money, while opponents warned it would create administrative burdens, increase paperwork, and cause eligible people to lose coverage or food assistance. The committee ultimately reported the bill favorably as amended.

Transcript Highlights:

• That depends on the status of their household and the age of the children within the household.
• Is that an age? I think you said the 7,500 children that are getting the benefit.
• Is that an age range of what child can be eligible for TANF, or does it go to a newborn to 18?
• Yeah, all ages are eligible.
• Any control mechanisms there for the adults that are controlling that for the children?

Committee: House General Laws

Summary: The committee met with 13 members present and first went into executive session on House Bill 1730, which was voted due pass by a 10-3 roll call. It then considered House Bill 2504, where a committee amendment was adopted to let school districts optionally require a mental-health professional letter for school protection officers, the amendment was rolled into a committee substitute, and the substitute was voted due pass 11-0 with two present. After that, the committee moved to public hearing on House Bills 2481, 2468, and 1974. The three public bills focused on restrictions and verification for public assistance programs. HB 1974 would restrict TANF cash assistance use, including prohibiting ATM cash withdrawals and certain purchases, with a three-strikes style penalty structure; sponsors said it was intended to prevent misuse of taxpayer funds, while opponents argued TANF is a small cash-assistance program for very poor families and that cash access is necessary for rent, laundry, childcare, and other basic needs. HB 2468 would tighten SNAP and Medicaid eligibility verification by requiring documentary proof of citizenship or eligible immigration status, using federal verification systems, and counting ineligible household members’ income; sponsors said it aligns Missouri with federal law and new federal accountability rules, while opponents warned it would add red tape, delay benefits, and increase error rates and costs. HB 2481, along with related SNAP language discussed in HB 174, would implement the governor’s SNAP waiver to restrict purchases of soda and junk food and place those restrictions into statute. Sponsors said the goal was to steer benefits toward healthier foods and reduce waste, while witnesses from industry and advocacy groups said the waiver process was already underway, the definitions were too broad, and the bills could be hard for retailers to implement and could burden eligible recipients, especially in rural areas and among children and vulnerable adults. No final committee action was taken on the three public hearing bills during the portion provided.