Video & Transcript Research : 'Economic Concerns'
Page 16 of 500
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- We still are concerned with the addition of non-air rules being contained in an air permit.
- Those are our main concerns. I guess other than that, we... lost my train of thought here.
- Those are our main concerns. I guess other than that, we... lost my train of thought here.
- I do share the concern about the increase in size, 1,500 tons per hour.
- I shared TRAM's concern about best management practices.
Keywords:
rock crushing, permits, air quality, environmental monitoring, aggregate production, seismicity, public meeting, land use, SB 1758, cement kiln, portland cement, aggregate production operation, aggregate quarry, semiconductor wafer manufacturing, chip fabrication, semiconductor plant, vibration, seismic disturbance, liability limitation, TCEQ
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Natural Resources took public testimony on Senate Bill 1757 and its committee substitute, a measure dealing with aggregate production operations and a new permitting option for rock crushers/aggregate facilities. Testimony centered on whether the bill should remain focused on air permitting or also include broader quarry operations such as stormwater, reclamation, monitoring, and public participation requirements. Supporters of the substitute, including representatives of the Texas Aggregate and Concrete Association and Associated General Contractors, said the bill would provide a voluntary third permitting option, preserve existing authorizations, and create a more practical regulatory path for Texas growth.
Opponents and critics, including representatives of Texas for Responsible Aggregate Mining, Job Materials, and Public Citizen, argued the bill as written was too weak or too broad in the wrong ways. They said best management practices should be set in statute or through negotiated rulemaking rather than left to TCEQ rulemaking, and they raised concerns about limited monitoring periods, vague air-monitoring standards, public notice procedures, and the inclusion of non-air requirements in an air permit. Several witnesses said the bill should better balance industry needs with neighborhood impacts and public health protections.
Chair Birdwell questioned witnesses about ongoing negotiations between industry groups and said the bill was intended to be a practical compromise. After testimony and questions, public testimony was closed. The committee left SB 1757 and its committee substitute pending, with no vote taken.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Texas, but I'm concerned with the growing conflicts resulting from our growth.
- Our recent discussions have been with the relevant stakeholders to address these concerns and to find
- We still are concerned with the addition of non-air rules being contained... in an air permit.
- Those are our main concerns. I guess other than that, we lost my train of thought here. Nice beep.
- I do share the concern about the increase in size, 1,500 tons per hour.
Keywords:
rock crushing, permits, air quality, environmental monitoring, aggregate production, seismicity, public meeting, land use, SB 1758, cement kiln, portland cement, aggregate production operation, aggregate quarry, semiconductor wafer manufacturing, chip fabrication, semiconductor plant, vibration, seismic disturbance, liability limitation, TCEQ
KY
Kentucky 2026 Regular Session
Interim Joint Committee on Agriculture (7-20-23)
Keywords:
KY LRC YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hvz_NVCo--M, 2026-06-21T07:17:04+00:00, 2.2.24, Data collected via generic collector engine, Call to Order: 00:00:12
Roll Call: 00:00:18
Approval of June 8, 2023 Minutes: 00:02:30
Discussion on the implementation of 2023 Regular Session HB 9 Relating to Economic Relief for Local Communities: 00:02:45
Update on the Management of Asian Carp in Kentucky 00:45:21, 958, all, 2.2.42, 2.1.47
LA
Transcript Highlights:
- So those are our main concerns with that portion of the amendment.”
- I found out about the amendment about 9:20 this morning and it gives me some concerns.
- I found out by the amendment about 9-20 this morning and it gives me some concerns.
- I guess that's my concern. Why eliminating competitive bidding? Of course.
- Copper theft has become a major public safety and economic issue across the state.
Bills:
HB1163, HB1168, HR252, HR253, HCR103, HCR108, SB80, SB131, SB251, SB254, SB279, SB384, SB414, SB468, SB469, SB496
Keywords:
fireworks, retail sales, fire safety, legislation, holiday celebrations, construction standards, precast concrete, DOTD, building regulations, minimum requirements, public projects, private projects, consumer protection, credit card fees, cash transactions, rounding practices, transparency, low-income, economic impact, residential construction
NM
New Mexico 2026 Regular Session
Senate - Tax, Business and Transportation Feb 10th, 2026 at 04:43 pm
Senate Tax, Business & Transportation
Transcript Highlights:
- Everyone wants prescriptions easier to get, but we do have concerns about patient safety.
- We have additional concerns, but in the interest of time, I'll stop there. Thank you for your time.
- The first concern that we have is the switch, or the back and forth, between three years and one year
- , and those concerns center around patient safety.
- Economic development may have to step up to the plate and do a little work.
Keywords:
prior authorization, pharmacy benefits manager, PBM, health insurer, prescription drugs, step therapy, formulary, auto-adjudication, electronic portal, appeals, medical necessity, serious mental illness, mental health, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, substance use disorder, addiction treatment, cancer, autoimmune disorder
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Revenue and Taxation REVISED Feb 9th, 2026 at 01:30 pm
Revenue and Taxation
Transcript Highlights:
- We have a safety concern.
- As far as secure data, that is always a concern to keep, our data secure.
- So, just briefly, one of the concerns That I have with some.
- And one of the things That concerns me is what we call unequal weights and measures.
- Umm, again, I was really concerned with us losing a big company last week.
Keywords:
excise tax, oil tax, natural gas tax, state revenue, Oklahoma Corporation Commission, income tax, tax credit, aerospace sector, employment, economic development, adaptive reuse, affordable housing, urban renewal, economic impact, program, housing, revitalization, urban development, income tax credit, manufacturing
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- There was a whole bunch of work done regarding the various concerns of industry, stakeholders, individuals
- The speaker raises concerns about forcing dealers to accept certain lenders and begins to pivot to the
- The speaker describes a bait-and-switch concern: a car is advertised at one price, but financing terms
- And concerns for security has been one of our major concerns.
- Just a concern we had. Yeah, that's a very interesting concern. In fact, thank you.
Bills:
HB12, HB149, SB229, SB1361, SB1749, SB1897, SB2113, SB2566, SB2677, SB1652, SB2327, SB2344, SB2696
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, regulation, biometric data, ethical AI, consumer protection, AI governance, automobile sales, finance, retail seller, motor vehicle purchase, motor vehicle sales, pricing restrictions, third-party financing, education, funding, student assessment, accountability, standards, motor vehicle, financing
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Business and Commerce heard testimony on HB 149, the Artificial Intelligence Governance Act. Senator Schwertner described the bill as an outcomes-based AI framework that would require disclosure when people interact with AI, prohibit manipulative or social-scoring systems, address biometric capture, discrimination, and deepfake child exploitation, and give the Attorney General enforcement authority. It would also create an AI Sandbox and AI Council. Witnesses from the Texas Public Policy Foundation, a Houston attorney, TechNet, and the Texas Association of Business strongly supported the bill, praising its stakeholder process and pro-innovation approach, while Texas Appleseed suggested regulators should have more examination authority over sandbox participants. The bill was left pending.
The committee then heard SB 229, which would prohibit motor vehicle dealers from conditioning a sale on dealer-offered financing or charging more because a buyer uses outside financing or cash. Senator West said the bill is meant to stop forced financing and bait-and-switch pricing, and he noted the bill passed the committee and Senate in the prior session. The Texas Automobile Dealers Association opposed the bill, arguing it would force dealers to accept any third-party lender or cash transaction on terms they cannot control. The Texas Credit Union Association supported the bill, saying consumers should be able to choose outside financing without hidden fees or pressure. After questions about cash purchases and dealer practices, the bill was left pending.
The committee also took up SB 2566, which would clarify legislators’ access to information from executive agencies, including confidential information, by setting response deadlines, limiting confidentiality agreements to statutory terms, requiring a standard AG form, and creating a complaint and penalty process for noncompliance. No witnesses testified, and the bill was left pending. Finally, SB 1749, as substituted, would let certain court-related employees and judicial conduct commission personnel keep personal information such as home addresses and phone numbers confidential, with work addresses used in place of home addresses for certain purposes. District clerk and judicial conduct commission witnesses described threats and harassment as the reason for the bill, and a court administration witness answered questions about how the address protections would work with voter registration and precinct records. That bill was also left pending, and the committee recessed without further business.
TX
Texas 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Sep 4th, 2025
Texas House Floor Meeting
Bills:
HCR 20, HR 131, HR 133, HR 135, HR 136, HR 137, HR 144, HR 145, HR 146, HR 149, HR 150, HR 151, HR 152, HR 158, HR 161, HR 162, HR 163, HR 165, HR 166, HR 168, HR 169, HR 170, HR 175, HR 178, HR 127, HR 129, HR 130, HR 132, HR 134, HR 138, HR 139, HR 140, HR 141, HR 142, HR 143, HR 153, HR 154, HR 155, HR 156, HR 159, HR 160, HR 164, HR 167, HR 172, HR 173, HR 176, SB 1, HB 8, HB 15, HB 27, SB 5
Keywords:
memorial, remembrance, legacy, condolences, community, higher education, university merger, research, public health, economic impact, healthcare, insurance, affordability, medical coverage, state regulations, Cedar Creek Lake, community celebration, Texas pride, outdoor recreation, local identity
TX
Texas 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Sep 3rd, 2025
Texas House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- So, what I am very concerned by is Is what our school districts are being told.
- And so I'm concerned about that. And I also...
- One of the concerns raised is that the Hill Country youth camps are often poorly lit.
- And then, my concern here is with the last section of this. Sure.
- These aren't just fines; they are economic punishments designed to cripple dissent.
Bills:
SB 1, HCR 20, HR 131, HR 133, HR 135, HR 136, HR 137, HR 144, HR 145, HR 146, HR 149, HR 150, HR 151, HR 152, HR 158, HR 161, HR 162, HR 163, HR 165, HR 166, HR 168, HR 169, HR 170, HR 175, HR 178, HR 127, HR 129, HR 130, HR 132, HR 134, HR 138, HR 139, HR 140, HR 141, HR 142, HR 143, HR 153, HR 154, HR 155, HR 156, HR 159, HR 160, HR 164, HR 167, HR 172, HR 173, HR 176, SB 1, HB 8, HB 15, HB 27, SB 5
Keywords:
campground safety, youth camp regulations, flood safety, emergency evacuation, health and safety standards, memorial, remembrance, legacy, condolences, community, higher education, university merger, research, public health, economic impact, healthcare, insurance, affordability, medical coverage, state regulations
TX
Texas 89th Regular
89th Legislative Session - Second Called Session Sep 3rd, 2025
Texas House Floor Meeting
Bills:
SB 1, HCR 20, HR 131, HR 133, HR 135, HR 136, HR 137, HR 144, HR 145, HR 146, HR 149, HR 150, HR 151, HR 152, HR 158, HR 161, HR 162, HR 163, HR 165, HR 166, HR 168, HR 169, HR 170, HR 175, HR 178, HR 127, HR 129, HR 130, HR 132, HR 134, HR 138, HR 139, HR 140, HR 141, HR 142, HR 143, HR 153, HR 154, HR 155, HR 156, HR 159, HR 160, HR 164, HR 167, HR 172, HR 173, HR 176, SB 1, HB 8, HB 15, HB 27, SB 5
Keywords:
campground safety, youth camp regulations, flood safety, emergency evacuation, health and safety standards, memorial, remembrance, legacy, condolences, community, higher education, university merger, research, public health, economic impact, healthcare, insurance, affordability, medical coverage, state regulations
AL
Alabama 2026 Regular Session
Alabama Senate Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development Committee Feb 4th, 2026
Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development
Transcript Highlights:
- interest and and got that economic interest and and got that confirmation<00:23:42.320>
code < - Plus, my information was already on my husband's economic interest form with the exception, of course
- This is on the amendment. ...in a form because my concern was if you know, even though I was told by
- Plus, my information was already on my husband's economic interest form with the exception, of course
- In 1993, municipal candidates did not have to file an economic interest statement.
Keywords:
unclaimed vehicles, towing, Department of Revenue, notification requirements, abandoned vehicles, real estate, residential property, single-family home, homeowner protection, property solicitation, unsolicited offer, wholesaling, real estate wholesaling, assignment contract, equitable interest, investment property, house flipping, predatory real estate practices, title cloud, deceptive trade practices
FL
Transcript Highlights:
- And Senator Leak, very quickly, if you can just address the concerns from our last speaker about the
- going to take up tab 20, SB 7016, on OGSR, administration of small business loan programs held by Economic
- It is an economic issue, a workforce issue, and a quality of life issue.
- We're particularly interested in women's economic security and women's autonomy and self, and their ability
- We're particularly interested in women's economic security and women's autonomy and self, and their ability
Bills:
S0062, S0156, S0168, S0288, S0290, S0292, S0296, S0298, S0364, S0386, S0624, S7004, S7006, S7008, S7012, S7014, S7016
Keywords:
candidate qualification, political party, voter registration, election law, Florida Statutes, rural electric cooperatives, energy production, Florida law, energy tariffs, regulation, agriculture, landscape equipment, gasoline-powered, ecologically significant parcels, local government regulations, public records, appellate courts, information exemption, safety, personal identifying information
Summary:
The Senate Committee on Rules met with a quorum present and considered a long agenda of bills, many of which were reported favorably. Early action included CS for SB 62 on candidate qualification, which would create an enforcement mechanism for party-affiliation qualification requirements, and CS for SB 156, the Officer Jason Raynor Act, which would clarify resistance-to-officer language and add mandatory life imprisonment for manslaughter committed against a law enforcement officer. SB 156 drew strong support from the City of Daytona Beach and law enforcement groups, while the Florida Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers opposed parts of the bill, arguing it removed useful limits on force and imposed overly rigid sentencing. The committee also approved several open-government sunset review bills, including measures extending exemptions for social media platform investigations, small business loan program records, Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles investigatory records, emergency shelter recipient information, Department of Military Affairs records, conviction integrity unit reinvestigation information, Public Service Commission records and meetings, and Florida Gaming Control Commission records and meetings.
The committee also advanced CS for SB 624, allowing batterers’ intervention programs to offer optional faith-based activities, with supporters saying faith-based counseling can help reduce domestic violence and no participant would be required to take part. Other approved measures included HB 167 on former phosphate mining lands, which limits certain liability claims if notice and survey requirements are met; CS for SB 48 on housing, which requires local governments to allow accessory dwelling units and was amended to remove hearing and variance requirements and clarify local ordinance obligations; SB 288 on rural electric cooperatives, described as a negotiated glitch bill preserving co-op authority over generation and power purchases; and CS for SB 364 on public accountancy, which creates additional CPA licensure pathways and mobility provisions. The committee also approved SB 292 creating a public records exemption for appellate court clerks and their families, despite some opposition votes.
Later, the committee passed CS for SB 296 and CS for SB 298, which expand protections for victims of domestic violence and dating violence by creating a feasibility study for a secure web-based 911 alert platform and extending address confidentiality and public records protections to dating violence, stalking, and aggravated stalking victims. SB 386 on farm equipment, described as a “lemon law” for tractors and similar equipment, also passed. Additional open-government bills were approved for emergency shelter recipients, military affairs records, conviction integrity unit materials, PSC records, and gaming commission records. SB 168 on public nuisances was reported favorably as well. One bill, CS for CS for SB 290 on the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, was temporarily postponed after extensive stakeholder testimony; the chair allowed public comment but no vote was taken, and the sponsor indicated ongoing discussions and possible changes. At the end of the meeting, senators recorded several individual votes for the record, and the committee adjourned.
TX
Bills:
SB 26, SJR 36, SB 26, SB 616, SB 565, SB 384, SB 28, SR 109, SR 122, SR 126, SR 130, SR 136, SR 137, SR 141, SR 142, SCR 20
Keywords:
teacher compensation, education funding, public school educators, teacher retention, teacher designation, aquifer, water management, Edwards Aquifer, sustainability, regulatory framework, SB 565, Texas Water Code, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, compliance agreement, enforcement suspension, utility consolidation, regionalization, water supply, sewer
Summary:
The meeting was marked by significant resolutions recognizing various contributions to Texas and celebrating community initiatives. Key discussions included the adoption of resolutions commemorating Texas Hispanic Judges Day and highlighting the 100th anniversary of Memorial Park. Senators expressed appreciation for the judges' dedication and legacy, with notable mentions of individual judges and their impact on the community and legal landscape in Texas. The Senate also honored students and organizations contributing positively to their communities, showcasing the interconnectedness of public service and the legislative process.
AL
Transcript Highlights:
- We have an economic impact of more than 135 million dollars each year, creating thousands of jobs just
- And I understand that you had some concerns about that.
- I'll let... ... had some concerns about. I'll let you explain it because it is your amendment.
- We've addressed some of the concerns that are out there just from a procedural standpoint.
- They’re not lawyers, but they can kind of listen to see that their concerns may be addressed.
Bills:
SB 26, SJR 36, SB 26, SB 616, SB 565, SB 384, SB 28, SR 109, SR 122, SR 126, SR 130, SR 136, SR 137, SR 141, SR 142, SCR 20
Keywords:
teacher compensation, education funding, public school educators, teacher retention, teacher designation, aquifer, water management, Edwards Aquifer, sustainability, regulatory framework, SB 565, Texas Water Code, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, compliance agreement, enforcement suspension, utility consolidation, regionalization, water supply, sewer
HI
Hawaii 2026 Regular Session
AGR Public Hearing - Fri Apr 17, 2026 @ 10:30 AM HST
Agriculture & Food Systems
Transcript Highlights:
- Um, it's very concerning to me what is going on in the state.
- Um, it's very concerning to me what is going on in the state.
- But what I have seen is concerning to me, and what I read in the news every day is concerning to me.
- And what I read in the concerning to me.
- And news every day is concerning to me.
Keywords:
rangelands, pastoralists, pastoralism, ranching, ranchers, paniolo, livestock, grazing, grasslands, land management, conservation, sustainable agriculture, agriculture, Board of Agriculture and Biosecurity, University of Hawaii, ecosystem services, carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, Hawaii counties, International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Technology and Telecommunications 2ND REVISED Apr 16th, 2026 at 08:45 am
Technology and Telecommunications
Transcript Highlights:
- So that's that's a concern.
- And if that's not a concern with this bill, and maybe you can alleviate my concerns, that is a separate
- And that I have some questions and concerns that I'm working through.
- And I think that's a valid concern. And I'm very sensitive to that.
- That's my one concern as well.
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, education reform, innovation, funding, advisory council, broadband, Oklahoma Broadband Office, broadband access, statewide broadband plan, internet connectivity, grant programs, expansion council, termination plan, Oklahoma, Gas Hub, national laboratory, public-private partnerships, aerospace, high-performance computing, economic development
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
Technology and Telecommunications 2ND REVISED Apr 16th, 2026
Technology and Telecommunications
Transcript Highlights:
- I'm hearing the most concern on is we start doing this every two years.
- So that's a concern, and if that's not a concern with this bill, maybe you can alleviate my concerns.
- And I think that's a valid concern, and I'm very sensitive to that.
- So this, you said your inbox is loaded with concerns from teachers.
- So this, you said your inbox is loaded with concerns from teachers.
Keywords:
artificial intelligence, education reform, innovation, funding, advisory council, broadband, Oklahoma Broadband Office, broadband access, statewide broadband plan, internet connectivity, grant programs, expansion council, termination plan, Oklahoma, Gas Hub, national laboratory, public-private partnerships, aerospace, high-performance computing, economic development
Summary:
The Senate Technology and Telecommunications Committee considered several House bills focused on artificial intelligence, data infrastructure, broadband, and education technology. House Bill 3176 would create an Oklahoma Gas Artificial Intelligence and Space Research Hub under the Department of Commerce and a National Laboratory Development Program to help Oklahoma pursue federal research designations; members questioned the fiscal impact, public reporting, and agency placement, and the bill passed 7-1. House Bill 3544 would prohibit minors from accessing AI social companions and authorize civil penalties; supporters cited research and safety concerns, and it passed 8-0. House Bill 3619 would modernize state geographic data collection and mapping for census and boundary purposes; members raised concerns about county boundaries, costs, and possible impacts on property and taxation, and it passed 6-2.
The committee also advanced House Bill 3546, which bars artificial intelligence and other non-human entities from being granted legal personhood under Oklahoma law, passing 8-0 without debate. House Bill 1782 would create an Oklahoma AI Education Innovation Act with an advisory council and grant fund; members asked about funding formulas, membership, and dual office-holding, and it passed 8-0. House Bill 2293 would extend the Oklahoma Broadband Office sunset while requiring a wind-down plan and legislative review; members discussed the office’s consultation and termination process, and it passed 8-0.
Finally, House Bill 4358 would limit screen time for pre-K through fifth grade students to one hour per school day. After questions about enforcement, classroom logistics, and special events, the author struck the title to continue working on the measure, and the bill passed 8-0. Throughout the meeting, members generally expressed support for the policy goals of the bills while flagging implementation, fiscal, and jurisdictional concerns.
LA
Transcript Highlights:
- When the schools relayed their concern, that was just their immediate concern, that they are usually
- When the schools relayed their concern, that was just their immediate concern.
- When the schools relate their concern, that was just their immediate concern.
- So is there any indication or concern?
- That should concern all of us.
Keywords:
mandatory reporter, child abuse training, online training, Department of Children and Family Services, Department of Education, educator requirements, early childhood education, microcenter, school board, cooperative endeavor, economic disadvantage, vaccination, meningococcal disease, school entry, immunization requirements, public health, academic freedom, free speech, retaliation, faculty rights
Summary:
The committee first heard HB 1079, which would allow charter schools to give enrollment preference to children who attended a licensed early learning center operated by the charter school or by another center with an articulation agreement. An amendment expanded the preference to children of active-duty military members, children in foster care, and children in court-ordered custody situations, and a second amendment clarified that the preference is permissive and not required. Supporters said the bill would improve continuity from pre-K to kindergarten and encourage more early learning centers. The committee adopted both amendments and reported HB 1079 as amended.
The committee then took up HB 737, which would remove the state requirement that students show proof of meningococcal vaccination for school and postsecondary entry. The author and supporters argued the vaccine should be a matter of parental choice and shared decision-making with doctors, citing updated CDC guidance and the low incidence of the disease. Opponents, including pediatricians, vaccine advocates, and meningitis survivors, warned that the disease is fast-moving and severe, that the vaccine helps prevent outbreaks, and that existing opt-out provisions already provide flexibility. After extensive testimony, the motion to report HB 737 failed on a 4-8 vote.
Next, the committee considered HB 628, as substituted, which would allow the Department of Education to license type 3 early learning centers to operate micro-centers at schools and expand access for three-year-olds. The author said the bill would help expand early childhood education, improve school readiness, and support working families. Department of Education staff explained the licensing and approval process, and supporters said the measure would improve access and transitions into kindergarten. The committee adopted the substitute and reported HB 628 by substitute.
Finally, the committee heard HB 1008, which would prohibit public postsecondary institutions from retaliating against faculty for disclosing certain violations or exercising academic freedom and free speech. The author and a professor supporting the bill argued it would protect faculty expression and reduce self-censorship. The committee adopted two amendments that clarified the definition of academic freedom and tightened the remedies language. Testimony in support continued from the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, and the bill remained under consideration at the end of the transcript.
OK
Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session
House of Representatives Second Regular Session of the 60th Legislature Day 38 Apr 9th, 2026 at 09:30 am
Oklahoma House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- I want to point out a couple of specific issues that are concerning to me.
- That if there are situations and scenarios where it requires a quick level of action to close an economic
Keywords:
education funding, mental health services, public safety, housing, state budget, tax credit, parental choice, private school, income tax, dental insurance, health care, medical necessity, insurance claims, dentist rights, military discharge, veterans, DD Form 214, confidentiality, grandchildren access, veteran burial
MN
Keywords:
underground storage tanks, petroleum, reimbursement program, environmental regulation, pollution control, dairy assistance, investment relief, agriculture support, food production, economic relief, barbering, licensing, examinations, barber schools, public safety, certifications, Barber Examiners Board, dentistry, licensure, registration