Video & Transcript Research : 'entry device'

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LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

Judiciary C May 19th, 2026

Judiciary C

Transcript Highlights:
  • cyber or electronic interference with critical infrastructure systems constitute forms of unauthorized entry
Summary: The Senate Committee on Judiciary C met on May 19, 2026, with a quorum present and first deferred House Bill 276 at the sponsor’s request. The committee then heard and advanced several bills, largely focused on criminal justice, domestic violence, victims’ rights, probation/parole, and critical infrastructure protections. HB 160, by Rep. Knox, would increase the penalty for domestic abuse battery and battery of a dating partner involving strangulation from three to six years, with at least one year without probation or suspension; it drew strong support from prosecutors and domestic violence advocates and was reported favorably. HB 769, by Rep. Boyd, would create a 24- to 72-hour cooling-off hold in domestic violence cases, with an amendment to make the hold concurrent with other detention periods and to avoid stacking with existing law; it was reported with amendments. The committee also reported favorably HB 1234, which creates mandatory jail time for fleeing the scene after striking a person and failing to render aid, and HB 158, which restores custodial inpatient treatment as an option for probationers and increases the allowable treatment period from 90 to 180 days. HB 169, allowing courts or the parole board to assess extradition costs against absconders based on ability to pay, was also reported favorably. HB 251, requiring notice to a victim or designated family member before resentencing or final conviction hearings, drew support from the Attorney General’s office and opposition from the ACLU, which argued that victim involvement at that stage could be inconsistent with post-conviction standards; it was nevertheless reported favorably. Additional measures advanced included HB 289, which removes a redundant 24-hour delay between denial of a new trial motion and sentencing; HB 394, extending the conditional parole period from nine months to 24 months to allow completion of required programming; and HB 330, increasing penalties and restitution for vandalizing churches and graves, which was supported by the Louisiana Conference of Catholic Bishops. HB 429, expanding critical infrastructure protections to oil and natural gas facilities and related operations and increasing penalties for unauthorized entry, drone activity, and cyber interference, was reported with amendments after discussion about harmonizing the definition with another bill and ensuring coverage of water-related facilities. The committee also approved the minutes from the prior meeting before adjourning.
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

Education May 7th, 2026

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • the purpose of increasing awareness and access to commercial driver's licensing training programs, entry-level
Keywords: 974, senate, all
LA

Louisiana 2026 Regular Session

Education May 7th, 2026

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • the purpose of increasing awareness and access to commercial driver's licensing training programs, entry-level
Summary: The committee met with a large docket and adopted the April 29 minutes. Several bills were heard and advanced, mostly on education, workforce, literacy, early childhood, charter schools, and student mental health. Testimony was generally supportive, with many witnesses waiving in favor; a few bills drew questions about implementation, student awareness, and whether proposals were sufficiently broad or specific. House Bill 406, requiring the Department of Education to study the direction and regulation of interscholastic high school athletics and report back by March 1, 2027, was reported favorably after testimony from a retired principal who urged an open-minded study and discussion from the bill author about compliance and the bill’s purpose. House Bill 380, creating a pilot program between community and technical colleges and local school systems to expand awareness of CDL, entry-level driver training, and related programs, was also reported favorably. House Bill 807, creating a workforce and structure capacity investment program and fund to help industry partner with colleges to train instructors, was reported favorably after support from higher education and industry witnesses; senators raised interest in adding a stronger health care component and in reaching students earlier, but the author said he would work on amendments. The committee also advanced House Bill 316 on adolescent literacy and high-dose tutoring, with amendments clarifying teacher training timing, existing statutory bans on outdated literacy practices, and charter school participation; House Bill 1146, consolidating early childhood governance into a commission; House Bill 28, creating an appeal path for denied teacher certification applicants through BESE; and House Bill 992, assigning early childhood education identification numbers to support data collection on outcomes. House Concurrent Resolution 26, urging BESE to add the science of human growth and development to science and health standards and provide approved instructional resources, was amended and reported favorably. House Bill 386, allowing local districts to let locally authorized charter schools operate as their own LEA under district rules, was amended and reported favorably. House Bill 392, expanding suicide prevention information requirements on school websites, ID cards, handbooks, and signage, was reported favorably as well.
CA

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

Assembly Public Employment and Retirement Committee Apr 22nd, 2026

Public Employment and Retirement

Transcript Highlights:
  • This bill ensures that incarcerated individuals earn the certificates they need to apply for entry-level
Keywords: 988, house, all
Summary: The Committee on Public Employment and Retirement heard several bills related to public employment, retirement systems, education, and labor policy. AB 2483 would create a pathway for formerly incarcerated firefighters to receive certification and pursue firefighting jobs after release; supporters said incarcerated crews provide essential wildfire response and the bill would recognize their training and reduce recidivism. AB 1619 would raise the stipend limit for trustees of county retirement systems, CalSTRS, and CalPERS from $100 to $320 per meeting, with supporters arguing the amount had not been updated in decades and no longer reflected the complexity and responsibility of overseeing large pension systems. AB 2780, the committee’s annual retirement cleanup bill, made technical and conforming changes to retirement law. AB 2519 would correct an unintended consequence of prior CalSTRS legislation so certain charter school employees promoted into leadership roles could remain in the retirement system. AB 2017 would recognize Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha as state holidays and provide excused absences and related accommodations for students and workers. AB 2656 would require public employers to give employee organizations 45 days’ notice before using generative AI in represented job classifications, with supporters emphasizing transparency and opponents raising concerns about scope and implementation costs. Testimony across the bills was largely supportive. For AB 2483, the author, a fire recruitment program leader, and other supporters described the work of incarcerated firefighters and the need for a formal hiring pathway. For AB 1619, a retirement board trustee said the stipend increase was needed to reflect inflation, workload, and to support broader participation. AB 2519 drew strong support from charter school leaders and educators who said the earlier law unintentionally threatened CalSTRS eligibility for employees advancing into administrative roles. AB 2017 featured emotional testimony from Muslim students, community leaders, and advocates who said formal recognition of Eid would promote inclusion and understanding. AB 2656 was supported by a public safety labor group, while county and local government associations opposed it but said they were open to further discussions. The committee took action on each measure. AB 1619, AB 2780, AB 2519, AB 2017, and AB 2656 were all moved out of committee, generally on unanimous or near-unanimous votes, and several were re-referred to the Committee on Appropriations. AB 2483 was heard while the committee was operating without a quorum and was held for later action until a quorum was established.
AR

Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session

HOUSE CONVENES Apr 8th, 2026

Arkansas All Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • First off, in the back of the chamber by the entry doors, we'd like to recognize two members of our Arkansas
Summary: The transcript covers the opening of the Arkansas House and a joint session of the 95th General Assembly’s fiscal session. The House first established a quorum, granted leave for absent members, recognized guests, and adopted House Resolution 1001 to convene a joint session with the Senate for Governor Sarah Huckabee Sanders’s address. Several bills and resolutions were read for the record, including House Resolution 1002 and House Bills 1001, 102, and 103, before the House recessed to await the Senate and then the governor. In the joint session, leaders recognized the late Representative Stan Barry with a moment of silence, introduced constitutional officers, judges, and other guests, and appointed committees to escort the governor. Governor Sanders then delivered a lengthy fiscal-session address focused on her budget priorities and policy agenda. She emphasized continued funding for education under LEARNS, teacher pay and literacy gains, public safety and law enforcement funding, government efficiency and tax cuts, and the 1033 initiative aimed at helping vulnerable Arkansans move from crisis to self-sufficiency. She also urged lawmakers to avoid new Medicaid mandates or ongoing spending and said she would call a special session to cut income taxes further if the budget is passed. After the governor’s remarks, the joint session adjourned. The House then reconvened briefly, adopted a motion to adjourn until the next day, and announced that the Joint Budget Committee would meet later that afternoon and again the following morning.
AR

Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE Mar 2nd, 2026

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE

Transcript Highlights:
  • All of them have different entry levels. What is that? Can we consolidate that?
Summary: The committee met to review an audit and recommendations from the Alliance for Opportunity on reforming Arkansas workforce and social service delivery. Members discussed creating a more integrated, regional, “one-door” system that would combine eligibility screening, job training, and service referrals across DHS, workforce, health, and related programs, with an emphasis on reducing administrative overhead and redirecting more funds to direct services and training. Several members raised the need to include groups such as people in generational poverty, rural residents, reentry populations, and people involved in the court system, while also ensuring access for those without digital skills or technology. Artificial intelligence was a major topic. Members suggested using AI and a centralized database or virtual hub to pre-populate forms, identify program eligibility, notify workforce agencies, and improve efficiency, while still maintaining case managers and in-person support for those who need it. There was also discussion of benefit cliffs, DHS processes that may hinder employment, and the need for industry input and working groups to study AI and other issues. Members repeatedly asked for measurable outcomes, including return-on-investment estimates, cost savings, and performance metrics tied to the number of people moved into self-sufficiency and employment. The committee then reviewed a draft consultant services agreement with Work Ed Consulting LLC, represented by Mason Bishop, to assist with the study under Act 145 of 2025. The contract would run from March 20, 2025 through June 30, 2027, with a maximum amount of $158,000 plus possible additional services up to 10% if approved. Bishop said his work would include ongoing ROI updates and that his experience included helping create Utah’s workforce department and assisting Louisiana with similar reforms. After questions about oversight and deliverables, Representative Beck moved to advance the contract, Senator Sullivan seconded, and the committee approved it by voice vote before adjourning.
AR

Arkansas 2026 1st Special Session

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE Mar 2nd, 2026

ALC-HOSPITAL, MEDICAID, & DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES STUDY SUBCOMMITTEE

Transcript Highlights:
  • All of them have different entry levels. What is that? Can we consolidate that?
Keywords: 1204, all
VT

Vermont 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Session - 2026-02-26 - 3:30PM

Vermont House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The bill is referred to the Committee on Ways and Means pending its entry on the notice calendar.
Keywords: 926, house, all
Summary: The House began with a devotional performance by the State House Singers in honor of John Gilmour, followed by the introduction and first reading of House Bill 917 on military affairs and House Bill 918 on school district board membership. HB 917 was referred to Ways and Means because it affected municipal revenue, HB 918 was referred to Education, and HB 549, already on the notice calendar, was also referred to Ways and Means because it affected state revenue. The chamber also received HB 841 from the Committee on Government Operations and Military Affairs and referred it to Ways and Means pending notice-calendar entry. The House took up Joint Senate Resolution 42 condemning the Russian Federation’s actions in Ukraine and their impact on Ukrainian children; it was read by title only and referred to the Committee on Government Operations and Military Affairs. During announcements, members welcomed AFT Vermont guests advocating for stronger workers’ rights, including lifting the ban on striking for higher education workers, and noted an upcoming caucus on Vermont’s economy with speakers from the Vermont Small Business Development Center and the State Sustainable Jobs Fund. On the action calendar, the House postponed action for two legislative days on HB 205, relating to agreements not to compete, and HB 635, relating to eliminating Department of Correction supervisory fees. It passed HB 566, which seals post-charge court diversion records upon successful completion. The House then adopted the conference committee report on HB 790, the fiscal year 2026 budget adjustments bill. The report’s changes included increasing funding for the Vermont Center for Independent Living, revising Section 8 housing-related language to address possible federal funding changes, updating developmental disabilities services payment reform language and deadlines, and expanding allowable uses of the $50 million set aside for federal funds changes to include municipal support. The House adjourned until Friday, February 27, 2026 at 9:30 a.m.
FL

Florida 2026 4th Special Session

January 27, 2026 - 09:30 AM

Transcript Highlights:
  • working with the Office of State Court Administrators on tightening the definitions of the datapoint entries
WV
Transcript Highlights:
  • You'll see it on various things as CNA is kind of more of your entry-level individual who is required
Keywords: 994, senate, all
Summary: The committee met with a quorum present and heard a presentation from Marty Wright, CEO of the West Virginia Healthcare Association, on the state’s long-term care system. He described the continuum from home care to assisted living to skilled nursing facilities, emphasizing that these settings increasingly serve short-term rehab-to-home patients as well as older adults needing round-the-clock care. He also outlined the number of facilities in West Virginia, the predominance of Medicaid as the payer for long-term nursing home care, the private-pay nature of assisted living, and the role of OFAC/CMS in regulation. A major focus of the presentation was workforce shortages and turnover, especially for CNAs, LPNs, and RNs, along with declining interest in nursing careers and the impact of regulatory burden and burnout. Wright said the system is also struggling to serve younger patients with substance use disorder, mental illness, or other behavioral needs, who are often not well suited for traditional nursing home placement but have limited alternatives. Senators raised concerns about where such patients are being housed, the long-term effects of opioid and behavioral health issues, and the gap between school-age special needs populations and adult care needs. Wright said Medicaid can cover long-term nursing home care for those who meet financial and medical eligibility requirements, but affordability and spend-down requirements remain major barriers. He also warned that Medicare Advantage can create confusion and shorter covered stays for rehab patients, and he urged early planning around long-term care insurance and estate planning. No votes were taken on the presentation, and the committee adjourned after questions and discussion.
TX

Texas 89th Regular

Finance (Part I) Feb 13th, 2025

Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • Even an OPUC entry-level attorney earns $13,000 less than their counterpart at PUC.
Bills: SB1
Summary: The Senate Finance Committee met to review Article 8, regulatory agencies, and began Article 9, general provisions, before recessing for floor action. The committee first heard budget presentations from the Public Utility Commission (PUC) and the Office of Public Utility Counsel (OPUC). The PUC budget recommendation was about $5.07 billion in all funds, including an additional $5 billion for the Texas Energy Fund, plus funding for staffing and technology needs tied to contested cases, infrastructure resiliency, and outage mapping. PUC witnesses emphasized the agency’s growing workload, the need for more staff and modern systems, and oversight of the Texas Energy Fund. OPUC’s recommendation was about $6.9 million, with a reduction in authorized FTEs to better match actual staffing; the agency requested additional funding for salaries, expert witnesses, and budget flexibility, and members highlighted OPUC’s role representing residential and small commercial consumers in utility proceedings. The committee then heard from the Behavioral Health Executive Council (BHEC), whose recommendation was just over $11.2 million. BHEC’s main requests included funding to fill vacant positions, money for continuous National Practitioner Data Bank queries, and a proposed Texas-owned psychology licensing exam in response to concerns about changes to the national exam. Agency leaders also discussed a rider request that would shift responsibility for certain judgments or settlements to the comptroller. Members asked about prior complaint backlogs, and BHEC said those backlogs had been cleared. The Board of Chiropractic Examiners followed, with a recommendation of just under $2.4 million; the board sought support for staffing, training, broadband, and salary retention, and described its work regulating chiropractors and workers’ compensation-related doctors. The Board of Dental Examiners was the last agency heard before the committee recessed. Its recommendation was just under $10 million, and it requested a 10% salary increase for eligible staff, three additional licensing staff, one staff member to handle required background checks, an additional attorney, and an executive director salary adjustment. Dental board witnesses said licensure growth, increased complaints, and low salaries were straining licensing and enforcement operations, even though the agency reported strong performance and high case completion rates. The chair ended the hearing early because the Senate had to return to the floor, and the committee remained in recess.
HI

Hawaii 2026 Regular Session

FIN Info Briefing - Thu Jan 15, 2026 @ 9:00 AM HST

Hawaii House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • we are kind of mapping out what are some of the gaps that we have which might be just due to data entry
  • :33:19.359> of<04:33:19.439> the<04:33:19.600> gaps<04:33:19.920> that entry
  • What are some of the gaps that entry.
  • So, for example, a State Park or State Monument, it's a $5 entry fee plus the commensurate parking fee
  • park or state monument it's a $5 entry park or state monument it's a $5 entry fee<06:01:25.120><
Keywords: 910, house, all
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Education Funding (02/12/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • it on our financial statements is the revenue has always been collected on paper through a journal entry
  • <01:21:53.040> on<01:21:53.239> the<01:21:53.440> left purpose of those entries
  • on the left purpose of those entries on the left side<01:21:54.000> is<01:21:54.120> to
  • 09.119> a<04:16:09.239> $40,000 and a $40,000 and a $40,000 $42,000<04:16:11.560> entry
  • <04:16:11.920> salary $42,000 entry salary $42,000 entry salary represent<04:16:14.560>
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee held a work session focused on school funding formulas, adequacy aid, and special education aid, with the chair outlining a schedule for the next several Tuesdays and noting that the committee would likely need multiple executive sessions to narrow down the bills. Members discussed the FY 26 formula, including base cost, differentiated aid, extraordinary needs grants, hold harmless provisions, and the roughly $28 million in excess statewide education property tax (SWP) funds that are not currently returned to the state under the existing formula. The first bill discussed was HB 137, which would allow excess SWP funds to remain with the local municipality for school and municipal purposes. Representative Spilsbury argued the issue is fundamental and suggested the state should require excess funds to be remitted back to the state, while Representative Damon said the bill appears to codify current practice and may be unnecessary, especially given possible court action. The discussion then shifted to a related bill from Representative Fellas that would redefine SWP as local money rather than state money and keep the current adequacy aid numbers revenue-neutral for now. Representative Fellas explained that SWP was created in 1999 after the Claremont lawsuit as part of the state’s effort to show increased school aid, but that it effectively labeled part of the local property tax as state money without changing property tax bills. She argued the state should not be tapping local property tax revenue and said her bill would preserve the current distribution while removing the SWP tax label, with future work possible on a different measure of local capacity such as income, home values, or poverty rate. Members also referenced prior discussions of fiscal capacity aid, relief aid, and other formula changes as part of the broader effort to restructure school funding.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing Jun 21st, 2026 at 10:00 am

Joint Committee on Health Care Financing

Transcript Highlights:
  • For those of you here in person, please silence your phones and devices.
  • For those of you here in person, please silence your phones and devices.
  • I have to silence my phone and devices. Okay. Now we're all in compliance.
  • and the bedside of a teenage boy named Marcus, fake name, who I was trying to convince to put on a device
  • But to Marcus, this device only reminded him that he was soon going to miss the first days of his high
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Health Care Financing held a public hearing on a large docket of bills focused on MassHealth benefits and reimbursement, health equity, behavioral health, public health, dental access, 340B drug pricing, tobacco cessation, and coverage for children. The chairs emphasized rising health care costs, provider shortages, administrative burdens, and persistent inequities by income, race, geography, and immigration status. Much of the testimony centered on H.1416/S.901, an act to advance health equity, with legislators and members of the Health Equity Compact arguing for statewide benchmarks, stronger health equity leadership, reimbursement for interpreter services, community health workers and patient navigation, Medicaid graduate medical education support, and a health equity zone trust fund. Witnesses described disparities in life expectancy, maternal mortality, access to primary care, and the impact of federal Medicaid and social service cuts, and urged the committee to report the bill favorably. The committee also heard strong support for H.1368/S.847 on rapid whole genome sequencing for critically ill MassHealth children. Testifiers from industry, academia, hospitals, and families said early sequencing can end long diagnostic odysseys, improve treatment decisions, shorten hospital stays, and save money, while also providing emotional relief and information for families. The hearing then moved to H.1407 on MassHealth rate parity for inpatient behavioral health providers, where Rep. Scanlan and the Massachusetts Association of Behavioral Health Systems said the bill would codify existing administrative parity so managed care plans cannot pay less than the MassHealth fee-for-service rate. On H.1392/S.853 to preserve and protect public health, witnesses supported higher vaccine administration fees to improve provider participation and immunization rates. The committee also heard testimony on H.770/845 to protect 340B providers in MassHealth, and on S.848 to require reporting and transparency around 340B revenues and outside administrative costs. Additional bills drew testimony on tobacco cessation coverage for MassHealth members, with advocates supporting broader access to counseling and medications through medical, behavioral health, and dental providers. On H.1409, a nursing home operator asked for more flexibility in a MassHealth staffing-related penalty tied to patient days per resident. On H.1401/S.888, supporters of the “Take 10” dental access proposal said adult MassHealth dental coverage is underused because too few dentists accept MassHealth, leading to long travel times and avoidable emergency room visits; they urged incentive payments for dentists serving new adult MassHealth patients. Finally, on H.1403/S.855, “Cover All Kids,” advocates and immigrant community members urged removal of immigration status as a barrier to full MassHealth coverage for children, while also backing a related bill to ensure 12 months of continuous coverage for children. No votes were taken during the hearing; the committee primarily received testimony and asked questions on costs, reimbursement levels, and implementation details.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Legislative Commission on Cybersecurity 8/27/25

Minnesota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • normal tools like Outlook and Teams intentionally taken offline, employees couldn't access their devices
  • have the realities of a cloud-first remote work environment, we have secured individual user and device
  • city to several libraries and police stations to install endpoint detection software to hundreds of devices
  • endpoint detection software to hundreds endpoint detection software to hundreds of<00:32:37.679> devices
  • Part of the team worked of devices.
Keywords: 1183, house
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Election Law (05/27/2025)

Election Law

Transcript Highlights:
  • And then House Bill 270, requiring the preservation of electronic devices.
  • <01:43:13.840> of<01:43:14.080> electronic<01:43:15.520> uh<01:43:15.679> devices
  • <01:43:16.159> I preservation of electronic uh devices.
  • I preservation of electronic uh devices.
  • , the voter is going to have that device.
Keywords: 1189, house, all
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Criminal Judiciary Feb 10th, 2026 at 03:00 pm

Criminal Judiciary

FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • Please silence all electronic devices.
  • Please sign on all electronic devices.
Summary: The Committee on Governmental Oversight and Accountability met and first took up SB 774, which would extend workers’ compensation coverage for mental or nervous injuries, without a physical injury, to 911 public safety telecommunicators. The sponsor and several dispatchers, a behavioral health clinician, and communications directors testified in support, describing repeated exposure to traumatic calls, chronic understaffing, and the cumulative mental health impact of the job. Members from both sides praised telecommunicators and emphasized their role as first responders. The bill was reported favorably, with Senator McLean later recorded as voting yes on the measure. The committee then considered SPB 7028, a retirement bill setting Florida Retirement System employer contribution rates beginning July 1, 2026, without changing the 3% employee contribution rate. The proposal also allowed certain elected officers to receive a DROP payout under specified conditions and provided a 1.5% alternative cost-of-living adjustment for eligible special risk retirees. Representatives from firefighters, law enforcement, police chiefs, sheriffs, and fire chiefs supported the bill as a recruitment and retention tool. The committee voted to submit SPB 7028 as a committee bill and reported it favorably. Finally, the committee heard SPB 7024 and SPB 7026, both Governmental Oversight and Accountability proposals to consolidate and update public records/public meeting exemptions. SPB 7024 would repeal the current cybersecurity information exemption and create a consolidated agency-wide exemption for cybersecurity, information, and operational technology information. SPB 7026 would similarly consolidate agency-held trade secret exemptions into one agency-wide exemption. Neither bill drew testimony or debate, and both were submitted as committee bills and reported favorably by unanimous votes.
FL

Florida 2025 Regular Session

December 4, 2025 - 01:30 PM

Transcript Highlights:
  • As a reminder for everyone in our room today, please make sure that any electronic devices are silenced
  • messages and emails, regardless of whether they were sent or received from a personal or private device
Summary: The Select Committee on Congressional Redistricting held its first meeting, established a quorum, and opened with remarks from the chair outlining the committee’s purpose and scope. The chair said the committee will focus only on congressional redistricting, will not take public comment at this introductory meeting, and may consider whether to propose a new congressional map ahead of the 2026 session. He emphasized that the work would rely on the 2020 census data, the current congressional map, and the House’s map-drawing software, and he stressed transparency, record retention, and compliance with constitutional prohibitions on drawing districts to favor or disfavor a party or incumbent. House outside counsel Andy Bartos then gave an educational presentation on redistricting basics and legal standards. He distinguished reapportionment from redistricting, explained that Florida was apportioned 28 congressional seats after the 2020 census, and reviewed the one-person, one-vote rule, noting that congressional districts must be drawn with near-exact population equality. He also described census geography and how counties, tracts, block groups, and blocks are used to build districts, and explained that congressional redistricting follows the ordinary legislative process rather than the special process used for state legislative districts. Bartos also covered contiguity, explaining that districts must be one connected piece and that mere point-touching is not enough, while bodies of water within a district do not necessarily break contiguity. No questions were asked after the presentation, no votes were taken, and no public testimony was heard. The meeting ended after the chair thanked attendees and said the committee would meet again the following week.