Transcript Highlights:

• industries that are having workforce industries that are having workforce crisis<00:33:27.679>
• So we're there so that workforce.
• We are the workforce behind the workforce, and when we can go to work, other people can too.
• We are the workforce behind the workforce, and when we can go to work, other people can too.
• We are the workforce behind the workforce, and when we can go to work, other people can too.

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• President Donald Trump has overhauled workforce training, creating jobs, high-paying jobs without crushing
• divided and controlled by the Chair and ranking minority member of the Committee on Education and Workforce
• <04:57:06.798> or<04:57:07.040> their on education and workforce or their on education
• and workforce or their respective<04:57:07.920> design<04:57:08.638> and<04:57:08.878>
• gentleman from the Commonwealth of Virginia, the distinguished ranking member of the Education and Workforce

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Tuesday, June 9, 2026, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• You know this is the Workforce Housing Accelerator Act.
• What we're missing in housing in rural Arizona is the missing middle for our workforce.
• You know this is the Workforce Housing Accelerator Act.
• What we're missing in housing in rural Arizona is the missing middle for our workforce.
• Thank you. ...supply, you're contributing to the economy and the workforce.

Summary: The House convened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, approved the journal, and then spent much of the opening portion of the session recognizing administrative assistants and other guests in the gallery, including a doctor of the day and a visiting robotics team. Members repeatedly thanked their staff for keeping offices and the chamber running, and one member also welcomed civic leaders from Buckeye and a foreign delegation connected to a circular economy forum. The chamber then moved into Committee of the Whole on a series of Senate bills. SB 1060, concerning voting eligibility for certain overseas-born children of service members, drew opposition from one member who argued it would disenfranchise military families; the bill still received a do-pass recommendation. SB 1093, described by opponents as an anti-protest bill, also received a do-pass recommendation. SB 1162 and SB 1270 were both advanced as amended after committee and floor/subfloor amendments, and SB 1814, dealing with substance use disorder-related issues, was amended with a friendly change and advanced with comments about the need for broader study and bipartisan work on fraud, waste, and abuse in that area. The House then entered an additional Committee of the Whole for SB 1345 and SB 1401. SB 1345 was amended to focus on licensure timing and DHS collaboration, then advanced. SB 1401, the Workforce Housing Accelerator Act, was amended after debate over affordability standards and public benefit; supporters said it would speed permitting and reduce housing costs, while critics wanted stronger affordability requirements. The bill was ultimately advanced as amended. The House also took up third reading on SB 1041, a health care institutions bill, where members explained yes votes by citing a recent abuse case in assisted living and arguing the measure would help protect vulnerable adults. The transcript ends during vote explanations on SB 1041.

Transcript Highlights:

• subcommittee is tasked with in the legislation was looking at social work, social programs, and workforce
• So what we have right now is the federal workforce program, which is TANF, I mean TANF and SNAP, which
• And then the Department of Workforce Services that has WIOA.
• And then the Department of Workforce Services that has WIOA.
• Again, we'll take the administration being on board and what can we do to take our workforce dollars

Summary: The subcommittee first recognized the Arkansas Community Colleges Leadership Institute and received a brief DHS update on the Living Choices Assisted Living Waiver reimbursement process, including that the new cost-reporting period began in January and provider/contractor calls are underway. The main presentation then focused on SNAP and TANF, with DHS describing federal changes under the One Big Beautiful Bill that tighten SNAP work requirements for adults ages 18 to 64 without certain exemptions, remove some prior exemptions, and add new federal definitions for Native American populations. DHS also reviewed SNAP Employment and Training providers, their service areas, projected budgets, participant characteristics, and outcomes, noting that the program is currently voluntary but will shift toward mandatory participation for those subject to the new rules. Members asked detailed questions about how mandatory participation will be implemented, how referrals will be made, what other training options exist, how verification of work, volunteering, disability, and exemptions will be handled, and whether DHS has enough funding and provider capacity. DHS said it will conduct verbal and written notices during eligibility interviews, make direct referrals to providers, use six-month recertifications and documentation from employers or volunteer organizations, and apply sanctions for noncompliance after determining whether a good cause exists. Members also requested additional data, including age breakdowns of at-risk SNAP recipients, provider-level outcomes and costs, and information on other training programs such as WIOA. The committee then moved to Medicaid community engagement requirements for ARHOME, which DHS said are also required by the same federal law and must be implemented by January 1, 2027. DHS said it is preparing policy, system changes, communications, and a customer-service/outbound verification vendor, and plans a soft launch beginning in July to help clients understand what would be required if the rule were already in effect. Members raised concerns about timing, local versus central decision-making, and how clients in rural areas will be notified and assisted. The meeting concluded with broader discussion of the committee’s workforce-development goals, the recently released Alliance for Opportunity audit, and interest in continuing the contract with that group to help guide future reforms.

Transcript Highlights:

• In the workforce, last year, in fiscal year 2024, 98.49% of all employees that were entered into the
• We're recruiting constantly, but we feel like we have to grow our workforce here.
• rates in American history, particularly... for young men, and so I would like to see the domestic workforce
• With 7.9 percent of the U.S. workforce currently either unemployed or underemployed, we're going to continue
• And I've seen firsthand the difference that a qualified legal workforce makes.

Bills: SB324, SB1978, SB2139, SB2401, SB2587, SB2610, SB2858, SB3016

Keywords: E-verify, employment verification, state contracts, immigration, labor compliance, ERCOT, Texas electric grid, interconnection, Public Utility Commission, PUC, Public convenience and necessity, electric cooperative, municipally owned utility, electric utility, transmission, generation facilities, grid reliability, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC, SERC

Transcript Highlights:

• What we want to tell you is that the early care and learning workforce is experiencing a huge workforce
• To close, AB 753 reduces workforce barriers and keeps passionate early career professionals working in
• It eases workforce burdens, keeps our classrooms accessible, and increases access for those 2 million
• To close, AB753 reduces workforce barriers and keeps passionate early career professionals working in
• It eases workforce burdens, keeps our classrooms accessible, and increases access for those 2 million

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Human Services heard a long agenda of bills focused largely on child welfare, foster care, child care, CalWORKs, mandated reporting, and public benefits. Early items included AB 890, which would ease county transfer rules for nonminor dependents in extended foster care; AB 461, which would replace punitive truancy-related penalties with supportive services for families; and AB 753, which would create an interim associate teacher pathway to help address the child care workforce shortage. Testimony on these bills emphasized barriers faced by foster youth, low-income families, and child care providers, and members expressed support for the general policy direction. The committee also heard AB 926 on foster care visitation, AB 563 on early childhood planning and reporting, AB 601 on standardized mandated reporter training, AB 1074 on CalWORKs reunification aid, AB 822 extending the Commission on the State of Hate, AB 970 creating a Los Angeles County mandated reporter pilot, AB 1161 protecting public benefits during disasters, AB 1172 allowing trained staff to administer emergency seizure medication in community care settings, and AB 363 expanding CalWORKs student supports and work-study. Witnesses generally supported these measures as ways to reduce trauma, improve reunification, modernize reporting and training, and expand access to services. County welfare and child welfare groups, advocacy organizations, and providers largely testified in support, while some bills drew concerns from county representatives about implementation or needed amendments. Several bills were voted out of committee, often unanimously and sometimes as amended, including AB 926, AB 563, AB 601, AB 1074, AB 822, AB 970, AB 1161, and AB 1172; AB 1172 was reported on call. The committee also took up consent items and later voted on subcommittee-held bills AB 461, AB 753, and AB 890, leaving them on call. At the end of the hearing, the committee heard AB 1211, which would protect CalFresh benefits from federal cuts and require a feasibility study on increasing benefits and eligibility; testimony stressed rising food insecurity and the economic importance of food assistance, but the transcript ends before a final vote on that bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• Applications for workforce training grants and so if there are opportunities some of these will be our
• . workforce.
• And then on slide 10, we request $3.1 million. others for critical workforce support needs, including
• We've also worked really hard to engage the workforce, both state workforce and higher ed who gets their
• It's a wellness program to try to engage that workforce in their own health.

Keywords: 1184, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• ,<01:25:48.040> and cheating the state, their workforce, and cheating the state, their workforce
• , Minnesota's private sector workforce, Minnesota's private sector workforce, representing<01:31:
• workforce development fund. workforce development fund.
• I have heard that more and more, and if you're in the workforce committee, you would have heard that
• committee, you would uh the workforce committee, you would have<01:36:12.760> heard<01:36:12.960

Bills: HF4234, HF3697, HF1183, HF4738

Keywords: HF4234, Minnesota private activity bonds, tax-exempt bonds, bond cap, aggregate bond limitation, residential rental projects, multifamily housing, affordable housing finance, housing bonds, public finance, bond allocation, private activity bond cap, Minnesota Statutes 474A.02, tax committee, tax refund, Minnesota Statutes, time limit, claims, tax overpayment, taxation

Summary: The committee first adopted the April 14, 2026 minutes as amended, correcting a misspelling in the reference to Chair Davids. It then heard House File 4234, a tax-exempt bonding/affordable housing bill from Representative Rey Rower, and adopted a technical A1 amendment before laying the bill over for possible inclusion in the 2026 tax bill. The bill would conform Minnesota law to recent federal changes to low-income housing tax credit rules by lowering the amount of tax-exempt bonds needed for projects to qualify, with the stated goal of spreading bond allocations across more projects and increasing affordable housing production without additional state funds. Testimony in support came from the bill author, the Greater Minnesota Housing Fund, and Mary Tingerthal, who said the change would increase efficiency in the use of federal bond authority and could raise the number of funded housing projects from about 16 to 25 per year, bringing in roughly $120 million more annually for housing. Members discussed where the benefits would be felt statewide, including greater Minnesota and larger metro areas, and the author said the bill would help address shortages in affordable and senior housing. The committee took no final vote on the bill, instead laying it over. The committee next heard House File 3697 from Vice Chair Norris, which would change Minnesota’s tax refund claim timelines to better align with federal law and most other states. The author and a tax attorney testifier said the bill would reduce confusion and help taxpayers, especially vulnerable individuals who may overpay or be overassessed and then miss the current deadline to seek refunds. The Department of Revenue said it had no concerns with the language and did not oppose the bill, and the committee laid the bill over for possible inclusion in the 2026 tax bill. Finally, the committee began hearing House File 4738 from Representative Keeler, a Safe Harbor funding proposal for victims of sex trafficking and sexually exploited youth. The author described Safe Harbor as a statewide program serving youth across Minnesota and said the committee should consider creative funding options, but Chair Davids stated the proposed funding source would not work because it would take money from women’s sports scholarships. Testifiers from Lake House in Duluth and a former Safe Harbor youth described the program’s impact on homeless and trafficked youth, including shelter, mental health services, education, and transition to adulthood. The hearing continued with testimony, but no action was taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• <00:08:47.839> development, human nutrition, workforce development, human nutrition, workforce
• We're beginning to lead the way in rural workforce development.
• lead the way in rural workforce lead the way in rural workforce development. development. development
• workforce readiness, leadership workforce readiness, leadership development,<01:34:51.920> healthy
• 15,000 Mississippians through workforce 15,000 Mississippians through workforce and<01:35:31.120

Keywords: Appropriations - Room 216, 20 January, 2026; 2:30 PM, 925, all

Summary: Mississippi State University officials testified in support of the university’s separately funded agricultural, forestry, and veterinary units, emphasizing their economic impact, research output, and need for continued state support. Keith Cobalt, vice president for the Division of Agriculture, Forestry and Veterinary Medicine, said the division generates a $1.7 billion impact on Mississippi, but warned that state and local funding has not kept pace with federal dollars or inflation. He argued that global competition, especially from China and Brazil, is hurting row crop and forestry producers, and highlighted a Vision 2030 study finding about $10 billion in agricultural and forestry value leaves the state through value-added processing. He also raised concerns about rural depopulation and proposed rural innovation hubs to help retain population and jobs. Nick Frank, dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine, said state appropriations make up about 25% of the college’s operating budget and are needed to support salaries, staffing, and service capacity. He described the college’s education, diagnostic, and clinical missions, including disease surveillance and responses to threats such as avian influenza, screwworm, and equine herpes virus. Frank said the college is expanding facilities with $18 million in 2024 state funding for a new farm animal hospital and cattle handling facility, but still needs additional support for equine and small animal renovations. He also requested support for rural veterinary scholarships and said inflation and salary competition from other schools and private practice are making retention difficult. In response to committee questions, Frank said the college enrolls about 118 to 119 students per class, with roughly 54 to 55 in-state students and tuition of about $29,900 for in-state and $53,000 for out-of-state students. He clarified that the “vet assistants” program is a four-year bachelor’s degree in veterinary medical technology, not a certificate. He also explained that staffing growth has largely been in the hospitals to address clinical shortages and improve care. Dr. Westberger, dean of the College of Forest Resources and director of the Forest and Wildlife Research Center, said Mississippi’s forests support a $19 billion economic impact, 84,000 jobs, and a $4.5 billion payroll, while also providing environmental benefits. He said the college and research center are nationally recognized, including an NSF ranking placing Mississippi State 10th in natural resource conservation research expenditures for a small university. Westberger highlighted research on forest management, pest detection, mass timber, wildlife disease surveillance, and value-added bioproducts, including efforts to attract mills and manufacturing. He said Mississippi has added 10 mills or mill expansions in five years with more than $1.5 billion in investment and over 1,000 high-paying jobs, and noted the college is planning a new mass-timber annex to address capacity and showcase the material. No votes or formal committee actions were taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Minnesota's funeral profession, like so many others, is facing a workforce challenge.
• <00:05:29.039> is<00:05:29.199> facing<00:05:29.440> a<00:05:29.680> workforce
• so many others, is facing a workforce so many others, is facing a workforce challenge.<00:05:30.639
• believes this bill strikes the right balance between maintaining high standards and addressing the workforce
• I mean, I recognize that it is difficult to have the workforce shortages, but I wonder if we pass this

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• “The monies in the Aviation and Aerospace Workforce Development Fund are to be used by the Council for
• Community and Technical College Education to create a ready workforce for the aviation and aerospace
• The third new article creates the West Virginia MRO Workforce and Aviation Maintenance Education Act.
• The amendment would make the bill relate generally to workforce readiness.
• as an employer that is registered with the Secretary of State, has a letter of good standing with Workforce

Keywords: 994, senate, all

Summary: The Senate Finance Committee met with a quorum present, approved the prior meeting minutes, and then took up several House bills with strike-and-insert amendments. House Bill 5510 was amended to incorporate provisions from Senate Bills 1065 and 928, modernizing Alcohol Beverage Control licensing and adding rules for low-proof spirit alcohol products, including a $1.25 per gallon tax; the committee adopted the amendment and reported the bill to the full Senate with a do-pass recommendation. The committee then considered House Bill 5453 on school funding. After discussion of a proposed block-grant system and supplemental aid for special education, the committee adopted an amendment replacing much of the bill with weighted funding for level two and level three special education students, exempting those funds from block grant rules and limiting their use to direct instruction. The committee also adopted a clarification to extend the special education funding to charter school students and reported the amended bill to the Senate. House Bill 5412, dealing with multi-year technology licensing contracts for local fiscal bodies and science-of-reading training for K-5 teachers, was amended to clarify contract language, delay implementation dates, change “endorsement” to “training,” and require charter school teachers to participate; it was then reported. The committee next amended and reported House Bill 4006, which creates aerospace development and workforce grant programs, changing the funding mechanism to use Department of Commerce reporting and personal income tax proceeds rather than direct employee withholdings. It also took up House Bill 4009, combining voluntary portable benefits for independent contractors with microcredentialing and an expanded apprenticeship tax credit, adopted the Finance Committee amendment, and reported it. Finally, House Bill 4004 creating the Recharge West Virginia training reimbursement program was amended to raise the annual employer reimbursement cap from $50,000 to $100,000 while keeping the $10,000 per-employee limit, and the committee reported the bill. The meeting ended with adjournment.

Transcript Highlights:

• The monies in the Aviation and Aerospace Workforce Development Fund are to be used by the Council for
• Community and Technical College Education to create a ready workforce for the aviation and aerospace
• The third new article creates the West Virginia MRO Workforce and Aviation Maintenance Education Act.
• The amendment would make the bill relate generally to workforce readiness.
• as an employer that is registered with the Secretary of State, has a letter of good standing with Workforce

Keywords: 994, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So this essentially is workforce development contracts.
• So this essentially is workforce development contracts.
• here so this essentially is uh Workforce here so this essentially is uh Workforce Development<03
• afford M making sure that the Workforce afford M making sure that the Workforce of<04:10:44.359>
• <04:11:09.000> support<04:11:09.439> and Workforce support and Workforce support and incentive

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee held a Division 3 budget work session focused on the Department of Health and Human Services’ Division of Economic Stability. Karen Hebert, the division director, and Nathan White, DHHS chief financial officer, walked members through the governor’s operating budget pages and a briefing book, explaining that the division was consolidated in 2018 and serves programs aimed at financial stability, poverty reduction, child care access, and related supports. Members repeatedly asked for clearer breakdowns of general fund spending, historical growth since consolidation, and how the division’s broad mission areas map onto specific budget lines. A major portion of the discussion centered on the Bureau of Child Development and Head Start collaboration and the child care subsidy program. Hebert said the child care scholarship/subsidy helps low- and moderate-income families access daycare so parents can work, attend school, or receive treatment, and that eligibility is based on state median income up to 85%. She reported a 45% increase in utilization, 4,032 children receiving daycare support as of the end of January, and about 15% of eligible children being served. She also described the quality improvement system “Granite Steps for Quality,” with 160 providers enrolled out of 717 licensed programs, and noted that 1,200 child care professionals added credentials in the last year. Members pressed for cost-benefit information, asking for data on how much the state pays, how many providers and children are served, and whether the department could quantify unmet need. The witnesses said some projects were funded with short-term ARPA child care dollars and that detailed cost data for specific examples, such as the Gorm Community Learning Center expansion, would need to be looked up. They also explained that the child care fund is a federal block grant with required spending set-asides of 9% for quality, 3% for infants and toddlers, and up to 5% for administration, and that unused funds remain available. The committee also reviewed slide 10’s accounting units, including that the Child Care Workforce Fund is 100% general funds and was created as a priority item under HB 2 from the 2024 session, while some other child care-related units are 100% federal funds.

Transcript Highlights:

• I would add that we also focus on workforce development while promoting the efficient use of financial
• <00:03:29.840> Workforce<00:03:30.319> Development<00:03:31.120> so<00:03:31.280
• > you Workforce Workforce Development so you Workforce Workforce Development so you can<00:03:
• education nonprofits Workforce education nonprofits Workforce Development<00:04:05.920> and
• education subcommittee as we look jointly at that overlap of workforce and education.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• So taxpayers benefit when the workforce decisions are privately negotiated between the contractor and
• All it’s saying is government won’t get in between the contractor and the workforce.
• All it’s saying is government won’t get in between the contractor and the workforce.
• They will limit our workforce to a small percentage of the workforce that is available in the state.
• of the workforce that is percentage of the workforce that is available<00:16:42.519> in<00:16

Keywords: 1191, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Uh unfortunately, retaining workforce.
• The health care workforce is in a state of crisis.
• And workforce is in a state of crisis.
• Number three, the overwhelming demand for additional workforce.
• MHA looked at for additional workforce.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I believe it's like 46% of the workforce comes from our regional universities, which is key to our economy
• He's a member of the Economic Club of Oklahoma and he's an active member in community workforce development
• examples of ways that we're getting more of our young great kids into college and Providing the workforce
• And we're happy to have them and get them on to either more education or straight into the workforce.
• I can't think of an institution really that's linked themselves to the workforce needs of their community

Keywords: 914, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The most identified areas of grant funds were for workforce issues and prevention of chronic disease.
• Third, strengthened and stabilize rural health workforce, about 16%, and then make North Dakota healthy
• So everyone we look at—let's talk health care workforce. It's a huge crisis right now.
• And that would be retention of health care workforce. And that won't just be physicians.
• We're talking about workforce, and now everyone's got a workforce component in their applications, and

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: Legislative Management met with a quorum, approved the July 11, 2025 minutes, and then considered recommendations from the Legislative Procedures and Arrangements Committee. Beth Dittes explained proposed special session rule changes, which largely mirror prior special session rules and are intended to speed floor action. The changes would allow faster second readings and transmission between chambers, replace regular standing committees with two joint committees for the special session—Joint Appropriations and Joint Policy—and limit bill introduction methods. The package also included delayed-effective-date changes for the next regular session, such as moving the agency and Supreme Court prefile deadline earlier and advancing several resolution deadlines. Liz Fordall then reviewed revisions to the legislative workplace harassment policy, including clarified definitions, longer intake and review deadlines, an option for informal resolution before a review panel, and clearer disclosure rules. The committee adopted the report and forwarded the rules and policy changes. The committee also approved tentative first-day special session agendas for both chambers, with a Speaker-requested revision to allow time to swear in new House members. Megan Gordon outlined the schedule: early Rules Committee meetings, morning floor sessions, a joint session for the governor’s State of the State, then meetings of the joint appropriations and policy committees, with optional later floor and committee time. Members discussed how the joint committees would handle bills and confirmed the process would mirror the prior special session. The agendas were adopted. Chairman Bekkedahl then reported for the Rural Health Transformation Committee, which had completed its work and recommended five bill drafts for the special session: a Presidential Physical Fitness Test requirement for schools, a nutrition component for physician continuing education, joining a physician assistant licensure compact, expanding pharmacist scope for lab testing and prescribing, and a two-year appropriations bill to cover the program through the next regular session. He explained the federal rural health transformation grant, the state’s application, funding restrictions, and the need to keep the bills aligned with CMS requirements to avoid funding reductions or clawbacks. DHS officials said the department would measure outcomes through required metrics, use templates for awards, and set up an Office of Health Transformation to track long-term impacts. The committee adopted the rural health report and forwarded the bills. Finally, members discussed special-session logistics. Legislative staff said employment committees would approve a limited number of staff, Legislative Management would serve as the delayed-bills committee, and a letter would be sent to legislators explaining the process and a suggested Friday noon drafting deadline for bills to be considered at the January 20 meeting. The committee also discussed how many bills might be introduced and how to assign the rural health bills to the House or Senate for origin. No formal vote was taken on those logistics, and the meeting adjourned with plans to reconvene on January 20.

Transcript Highlights:

• state, but it's also important to recognize the significant barriers women continue to face in our workforce
• Women are being forced to leave the workforce because they cannot afford to find reliable childcare.
• information regarding medically necessary debt on the consumer report for the Committee on Trade, Workforce
• assembly association and speech of property owners or residents referred to the Committee on Trade, Workforce
• rights to privacy of personal health information providing a civil penalty or the subcommittee on Workforce

Transcript Highlights:

• The department introduced us to the college system funding model and workforce programs.
• Moving to workforce education, the proposal includes modest increases to a couple of programs, including
• Row 55 provides an increase for the workforce capitalization grants to continue building capacity for
• workforce programs.

Summary: The Higher Education Budget Subcommittee met to release its fiscal year 2025-2026 budget recommendations. Chair Busata explained that the higher education budget recommendation totals $8.6 billion, which is $385 million, or 4%, below the current year, citing strong recent budget growth and projected future deficits as reasons for tighter spending. The chair also noted that the committee’s earlier meetings provided background on vocational rehabilitation, blind services, private colleges, student financial aid, workforce programs, and universities. The recommendation included increases for service provider rates in Vocational Rehabilitation, use of additional federal funds in Blind Services, an EASE grant increase for private colleges and universities, and adjustments to several student financial aid programs based on enrollment projections. It also moved the Open Door Grant Program from recurring to non-recurring funding, added modest increases for workforce education programs such as technical career education incentives, adult basic education, teacher apprenticeships, and workforce capitalization grants, and provided increases for the college system and state universities, including IFAS, strategic emphasis programs, performance funding, and faculty recruitment and retention. The chair also highlighted that the proposal includes recommended higher education member projects and outlined the next steps in the budget process, including compilation into a proposed committee bill, publication of the bill and related language, and consideration by the Budget Committee the following week. No votes were taken on the budget recommendation itself, and the meeting adjourned after a motion to rise without objection.