Transcript Highlights:

• We didn't want to totally preempt cities and counties from being able to enforce codes.
• We didn't want to totally preempt cities and counties from being able to enforce codes.
• It's like it equally applies to their zoning code, whatever they would make person. ...their zoning code
• code changes that substantially impair the district. impact fees, building code changes that substantially
• I trust our city councils.

Bills: SB1290, SB1530, SB1847, HR1050, SB169, SB1377, SB1990, SB1991, SB1778, SB1579, SB1992, SB3, SB2028, SB1928, SB2127, SB2117, SB1439, SB1930, SB330, SB1191, SB2110, SB2134, SB2069, SB2095, SB1613, SB1246, SB1976, SB1346, SB1509, SB2071, SB259, SB1314

Keywords: 2-1-1 services, revolving fund, Department of Human Services, crisis pregnancy, abortion, legal funding, research funding, development rebate, Oklahoma Department of Commerce, tax incentives, higher education partnerships, Medicaid, ADvantage Waiver, home-based services, eligibility criteria, healthcare, senior services, Taiwan, Oklahoma, sister-state relationship

Transcript Highlights:

• code.
• By incorporating climate change and public health into building codes, giving cities and towns clear
• By incorporating climate change and public health into building codes, giving cities and towns clear
• And as a number of the city councilors who spoke, it went for cities to do work.
• That also ...it on cities, and as a number of the city councilors who spoke, it went for cities to do

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The committee hearing focused on a broad set of climate, energy, and environmental justice proposals. Early testimony strongly supported the Climate Change Superfund or “Polluter Pays” bill (H.1014/S.58), which would assess the largest fossil fuel emitters for a one-time fee based on historic emissions to fund climate adaptation. Sponsors argued the bill is modeled on Superfund cleanup principles, would target only the largest multinational polluters, would not be passed on to consumers, and would direct a significant share of funds to environmental justice communities. Committee members asked about the number of companies covered, consumer impacts, and whether the bill would address other forms of environmental destruction; sponsors said it was limited to major fossil fuel companies with a Massachusetts footprint and did not cover other pollution sources. The committee also heard testimony on a fusion energy compact proposal (S.673) that would direct the administration to develop a framework for a New England regional compact to accelerate fusion research, workforce development, and supply-chain growth. Supporters from MIT and the Association of Independent Colleges and Universities said fusion could become a major clean-energy and economic opportunity, but acknowledged the technology is not yet commercially viable and still has unresolved technical, cost, and waste-management questions. Members pressed on environmental impacts, siting, waste, costs, and whether the bill would create a compact or only a framework; sponsors said it would only create the framework and that the administration would need to negotiate with other states. Another major topic was a pilot program for nature-based climate solutions (H.971/S.??), backed by legislators, Boston Harbor Now, and UMass Boston’s Stone Living Lab. Witnesses said the bill would help speed permits for research and demonstration projects such as living shorelines, marsh restoration, and hybrid “green-to-gray” flood protections, while maintaining safeguards and protecting Indigenous and historic resources. Committee members asked how the proposal would interact with other permitting reforms and whether it could conflict with housing or wetland-related streamlining; supporters said it was complementary and aimed at making projects faster, more affordable, and more data-driven. The hearing also covered climate-safe buildings and climate adaptation funding bills. Supporters of H.1004/S.583 said current building codes do not adequately account for future flooding, heat, and wind, and the bill would add climate expertise to the building board, allow stretch resilience codes, expand floodplain standards, and create a retrofit program. Related testimony backed H.938/S.572, which would create a dedicated climate and community resilience fund financed by a small fee on property insurance premiums; advocates said it would provide stable long-term revenue for adaptation, especially in environmental justice communities, and help replace unreliable federal funding. One witness from CLF supported the climate-safe buildings and funding bills but opposed S.560/H.939 as too broad. The committee also heard testimony on airport air-quality legislation (H.997) calling for more monitoring and mitigation of ultra-fine particulate pollution around Logan Airport and Massport communities. No votes were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• county codes.
• code?
• , the state building code, the state energy code, the state... ...the state existing building code, the
• state plumbing code, the state electrical code, and the state elevator code. >> That's correct. >> Okay
• There was inconsistency between energy code, building code, and various codes.

Keywords: 910, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Sanchez, Mayan, by the city of St. Petersburg.
• Suit was brought against the city and two individual officers.
• The City of St.
• Suit was brought against the city and two individual officers.
• The city of St. Petersburg supports this. million was reached. The City of St.

Summary: The Committee on Rules met and first approved several open-government sunset repeal bills and related measures. SB 7024 and SB 7026, both sponsored by Senator Mayfield, were explained as consolidating and extending public records/public meetings exemptions for cybersecurity information and trade secrets held by agencies; both were reported favorably. SB 7020, sponsored by Senator Trumbull, reenacted an aquaculture records exemption for records held by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and was also reported favorably. Later, the committee approved SB 14 and SB 24, claims bills for relief involving Miami-Dade County, and SB 16, a claims bill for Heriberto Sanchez Mayan against the City of St. Petersburg; all were reported favorably without opposition. The committee also approved CS for SB 806, a consumer right-to-repair bill creating portable wireless device and agricultural equipment repair acts, despite opposition from several industry groups, and reported it favorably.

Transcript Highlights:

• Well, the thing is, our two largest cities, Kansas City and St.
• Our two largest cities, Kansas City and St. Louis, do not control their own police force.
• Because in my area, code enforcement can get involved. So you had parks, you had code enforcement.
• And I think most cities try. I would like to think most cities try. But you can't catch everybody.
• Same thing with code enforcement.

Summary: The committee met in executive session and first voted House Bill 2563 do pass by a 12-1 vote. It then took up House Bill 3491, which would allow the state auditor to investigate specific subrecipients or subgroups directly when there is a whistleblower complaint, rather than having to audit an entire department or program. Testimony from the bill sponsor and the auditor’s office described the measure as a way to improve efficiency and respond to credible complaints about misuse of state or federal funds; members discussed safeguards, overlap with another federal-funds coordinator bill, and whether the authority would extend to private or semi-private entities. The committee adopted an amendment to clarify language, then voted the House Committee substitute for HB 3491 do pass by an 8-3 vote. The committee also considered Senate Bill 1087, on which it adopted a technical substitute correcting conflicting language about when a driver’s license suspension takes effect. After adopting the substitute, the committee voted the House Committee substitute for SB 1087 do pass by a 9-2 vote. Later, the committee heard House Bills 2139 and 2175, identical bills aimed at preventing foreign or religious law, specifically Sharia law, from being applied in Missouri courts. Supporters argued the bills were needed to protect constitutional law, while opponents, including a Baptist minister and several members, said the measures were unnecessary, discriminatory, and could create unintended consequences for marriages, adoptions, and other foreign legal documents. No vote was taken on those bills in the transcript. Finally, the committee heard House Bill 3210, which would let property owners in municipalities over 100,000 population seek compensation up to their property tax liability when a city allegedly fails to enforce laws against public camping, loitering, theft, intoxication, and related conditions on their property. The sponsor said the bill was meant to hold local governments accountable and help property owners dealing with ongoing encampments and sanitation problems. Members raised concerns about vague standards, possible unfunded mandates, and the burden on cities, while supporters said it could address serious local problems and encourage action. The hearing closed without a vote on HB 3210.

Transcript Highlights:

• This code section affects the district courts.
• I have great respect for our city police departments.
• And, for example, in the city of St.
• And, for example, in the city of St.
• And, for example, in the city of St.

Keywords: 989, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The Uniform Commercial Code came into being.
• We also have six fiscally constrained cities within that county.
• Yes, the cities will be available.
• Waving in support for the city of Belle Glade.
• We also have you listed for the city of Moore Haven, the city of Wachula, the city of Okeechobee, Glades

Summary: The Commerce Committee met with a quorum and heard three bills. First, CS/HB 515 on the Uniform Commercial Code was presented as a Florida Bar-backed update creating a new chapter to address digital assets and ledger technologies, including rules for perfection of security interests and lien priorities involving items such as Bitcoin. The bill drew support from the Florida Bar’s business law section and the Florida Bankers Association, had no amendments or opposition, and was reported favorably after a unanimous roll call. The committee then heard HB 1427 on rural communities, a broad package creating an Office of Rural Prosperity, a rural resource directory, a Renaissance grant program, a rural arterial road monetization program, housing and school support measures, and new health care grant programs for telehealth, staffing, training, and mobile units. Sponsors and many local officials, economic development groups, chambers, utilities, and other organizations testified in strong support, emphasizing infrastructure, workforce, housing, and health care needs in rural Florida. Members from both parties praised the bill’s focus on rural counties, and it was reported favorably. Finally, HB 299 on elevator accessibility requirements would allow an additional shorter interior support well in elevators while keeping the existing 42-inch support well requirement, with the goal of improving accessibility and flexibility for building owners. The National Elevator Industry supported the measure, there was no opposition or amendment, and the bill passed unanimously. The committee then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><00:01:04.000><c> of</c> we've got folks here from the city of we've got folks here from the city
• :03:42.799><c> code.
• And so you're sort of tax code.
• </c> revenue code date uh in in state law. revenue code date uh in in state law.
• </c> toolbox that the city has thought about? toolbox that the city has thought about?

Bills: HR1, HF387

Keywords: January 6 insurrection, pardon, law enforcement, violent crimes, public safety, justice system, political accountability, Blaine, local sales tax, special tax, restaurant tax, lodging tax, admissions tax, amusement tax, hotel tax, redevelopment, capital improvements, municipal finance, bonding authority, tourism tax

Transcript Highlights:

• A city can charge fees and all that.
• Only cities and counties, not fire and anybody else, just cities and counties.
• And to give you an example, if it's in a city, it's a city.
• I don't know about all of the initiatives for cities and counties.
• If you then add the 13 larger cities, then 30,000, you're now at about 83% of our cities that will not

Summary: The House Revenue and Taxation Committee heard House Bill 842, sponsored by Speaker Moyle, as a follow-up to House Bill 389 and its effects on property tax growth, foregone amounts, and new construction. Moyle said the bill is intended as a compromise to reduce shifting of tax burdens to existing homeowners while giving taxing districts more flexibility: it would raise the cap for smaller communities and certain fire/EMS districts to 15%, eliminate adding to foregone balances going forward while allowing districts to use existing foregone at a higher rate, revert to the previous year’s mill levy rate, and allow local voters to use the initiative process to lower city or county budgets/taxes. He argued the measure would help districts with growth and give taxpayers more direct control. Public testimony was split. The Idaho Association of Counties supported the mill levy change but opposed the initiative language, warning it could be challenged under existing case law and constitutional limits on initiatives for administrative acts. The Idaho Fire Chiefs Association supported the bill, saying fast-growing districts like Star Fire District have lost budget authority and cannot keep up with growth. The Association of Idaho Cities opposed the bill, saying the 15% cap would still leave many cities unable to fund new homes or commercial growth, that foregone is an important fiscal tool, and that the initiative provisions and reduced flexibility would create problems for local governments. The Idaho Farm Bureau supported the bill, especially the initiative provision, arguing voters should have a way to lower local taxes if they can vote to raise them. After testimony, the committee debated a motion to hold the bill for one day, but a substitute motion was offered to send it directly to the floor with a due pass recommendation. Members discussed the urgency of the bill, the recent death of Nampa’s mayor, and the initiative-process concerns. The substitute motion passed on an 8-6-1 roll call vote, and House Bill 842 was sent to the House floor with a due pass recommendation.

Transcript Highlights:

• Whereas it's been available to cities within the incorporated area of a city or to counties in an area
• city the ability to, if the county tries to create a CID within the city limits, the city has authority
• Difficult, especially for cities and emergency-type services within cities, in terms of their high growth
• So this applies to cities with a population of less than 30,000.
• It'll be breadcrumbs for the larger city.

Summary: The House convened with 66 members present, approved the journal, and received messages that several House bills had been signed by the governor and that multiple Senate bills and House bills had been transmitted, enrolled, or filed. The chamber also handled committee reports, introduced new measures, and referred several bills and resolutions to committees, including House Bill 938 and House Concurrent Resolution 37. House Concurrent Resolution 37, which urged rejection of rural health transformation funds, and House Resolution 29, which would amend House Rule 18, were sent to the Judiciary, Rules and Administration Committee for printing. On third reading, the House passed House Bill 897 on data center tax exemptions and resource-use requirements, House Bill 926 expanding community infrastructure districts to counties outside city limits, House Bill 935 consolidating the Board of Denturity with the Board of Dentistry, House Concurrent Resolution 36 supporting the Idaho Air National Guard’s transition from A-10s to F-16s, and Senate Bill 1326 as amended, a property-rights/open-fields bill limiting warrantless entry onto private land while preserving certain law-enforcement and welfare-check exceptions. House Bill 842, a property-tax and budget-limit bill revising the earlier 389 framework, failed on a 28-41 vote. House Bill 910 was returned to committee. Later, the House passed Senate Bill 1258 allowing rural distilleries to serve their own products without a restaurant requirement, Senate Bill 1387 on the State Historical Society budget, Senate Bill 1388 on Department of Correction enhancements, Senate Bill 1262 clarifying insurer investment rules, Senate Bill 1285 as amended recognizing nonpublic-school diplomas for licensing purposes, Senate Bill 1250 expanding protections for death-scene photographs, Senate Bill 1260 revising immigration-related enforcement language, Senate Bill 1311 requiring ignition-interlock vendors to notify authorities of violations, Senate Bill 1369 changing venue rules so lawsuits may be filed where an incident occurred, and Senate Bill 1303 expanding eligible uses of energy royalties to additional energy resources. Senate Bill 1382, the Fish and Game budget, failed on a 32-36 vote after debate over wolf depredation funding and federal funds. The House also considered Senate Joint Memorial 11 urging protection of public lands from mass disposal; debate focused on access, land exchanges, and the fiscal effects of federal land ownership, but the transcript cuts off before the final vote is recorded.

Transcript Highlights:

• Hercules is a city of 26,000, and we are a low-property tax city.
• Like Meli-Cattle, This is a city of 26,000, and we are a low-property-tax city.
• Clare Sullivan, on behalf of the City of Thousand Oaks, echoing the concerns of code enforcement.
• We have the city of Carlsbad, city of Rancho Cucamonga, and city of Thousand Oaks.
• And with opposing less-amended positions, we have the city of Belmont, city of Redwood City, and city

Summary: The Assembly Local Government Committee heard a long agenda of local government, housing, transportation, and public safety bills. Early items included SB 762, which would give certain local governments a voter-approved path to seek additional local sales tax authority to address fiscal pressures; SB 1400, which would modernize Alameda Health System governance and give Alameda County more flexibility and oversight; and SB 1408, which would authorize Contra Costa County to place a renewal of its transportation sales tax on the ballot. Supporters for those bills included local officials, county representatives, labor groups, fire and police organizations, and transit advocates, while no organized opposition was presented on those measures in committee. The committee also heard SB 1272, which would give homeowners more time to correct certain inherited code violations and allow an affidavit process for buyers who did not know about the violation at purchase. The bill drew support from the California Apartment Association and opposition from code enforcement and county groups, who argued it would reduce local enforcement discretion and create health and safety risks. After questions about disclosure and enforcement, the committee approved SB 1272 as amended and re-referred it to Appropriations. SB 1055, dealing with procurement flexibility for Pajaro flood control and levee repairs, also passed as amended and was sent to Appropriations. Later, the committee approved SB 1379, which would separate the Riverside County Sheriff-Coroner and create an independent medical examiner system. The author and supporters argued the change was needed for transparency and independence in in-custody death investigations, while opponents raised labor, cost, and governance concerns; some opposition was softened after the author agreed to employee-protection amendments. The committee also passed SB 1172, limiting consultant compensation and adding transparency rules for local tax-sharing agreements, and several housing bills from Senator Grayson: SB 1003 on pro-housing infrastructure financing districts, SB 1014 on early disclosure of infrastructure requirements for housing projects, and SB 1169 on extending tentative vesting map validity. The committee took votes on consent items and later add-ons, with most measures passing on bipartisan or unanimous votes and several being re-referred to Appropriations or Housing and Community Development as appropriate.

Transcript Highlights:

• The city charter review process was after that deadline.
• The city of Houston.
• Chair calls uh Chad West with the City of Dallas.
• Um, I want to be very unequivocal here that the voters, the city council, and the city of Dallas do support
• That's it, out of the entire city of Dallas. Um, our voters, our city.

Transcript Highlights:

• The city had a one-year return to work policy or they would be terminated.
• Uh, for example, Texas Labor Code Section 410 allows.
• Uh, there's nothing currently I'm aware of in the labor code that allows an administrative law judge
• Uh, so there's sort of a standing issue that's not addressed by the labor code.
• The other concern I have is there's nothing in the labor code that allows an administrative law judge

Transcript Highlights:

• That we have in state code.
• The legislation revises the Idaho Code that requires cities with populations greater than 25,000 to conduct
• What is happening right now is if you're in a fairly large city, a mid-sized city, I should say, such
• So we have cities here.
• When you're dividing a city council district for a city of 25,000 by six, you're looking at groups of

Summary: The committee first approved the minutes from February 23 and 24. It then heard H.J.R. 9, a proposed constitutional amendment by Representative Hawkins to remove the compulsory-attendance language from Article 9, Section 9 and add language stating that the right of parents to educate their children without government regulation outside the public schools shall not be infringed. Hawkins argued the change would align the Constitution with existing parental-rights law and protect families from future legislative changes. Supportive testimony came from the Idaho Family Policy Center and the Idaho Republican Party resolutions chair, both framing the measure as a protection of parental authority and educational choice. Some members questioned whether the added language was necessary or could create litigation, but the committee voted to send H.J.R. 9 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. The committee next considered H.B. 720, which lowers the population threshold for requiring city council districts from cities over 100,000 to cities over 25,000. Representative Alfieri said the bill would improve local representation and make it easier for residents to run for office by reducing campaign costs. Opponents, including the Association of Idaho Cities, warned that the lower threshold would create very small districts, especially in college towns, make it harder to recruit candidates, and add costs and complications for cities. Several members raised concerns about whether the change was optional or mandatory and about uneven representation within districts, but the committee ultimately voted to send H.B. 720 to the floor with a due pass recommendation. Finally, the committee heard H.B. 736 from Representative Haas, which lowers the threshold for ballot-name rotation from 100,000 registered voters to 25,000. Haas said the change would reduce the primacy effect and improve fairness and transparency in elections, especially in countywide and legislative races. The bill was described as preserving the Secretary of State’s discretion over how rotation is administered. The motion to send H.B. 736 to the floor with a due pass recommendation passed without opposition.

Transcript Highlights:

• League of California Cities in support.
• the entire zip code gets the moratorium.
• You can look at census tract, zip code, there's other measurements, but zip code was what we kind of
• but to also hit adjacent zip codes was to try to buffer that.
• And it's very common in my district, for example, that a zip code will cover more than one city, more

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Hercules is a city of 26,000, and we are a low-property-tax city.
• Hercules is a city of 26,000, and we are a low-property tax city.
• Clare Sullivan, on behalf of the City of Thousand Oaks, echoing the concerns of code enforcement.
• We have the City of Carlsbad, City of Rancho Cucamonga, City of Thousand Oaks, and with opposed unless
• amended positions we have the City of Belmont, City of Redwood City, and City of San Mateo, with practical

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• For context, city libraries are always appointed, the boards of city libraries.
• We all know that city council members are elected.
• And so the decision was made that they would move their city.
• Under current code, those are the only folks who can teach this course.
• This takes about 100 different sections of code and consolidates them.

Summary: The Senate opened with roll call, prayer, and approval of the journal, then moved through committee reports and messages from the Governor and House. Several House bills amended in the Senate were routed back for further action, and a number of new bills were introduced and sent to committee, including measures on kratom, child care, medical education funding, gold and silver investment, campaign finance, stablecoins, and motor vehicle licensing. The chamber also received and processed multiple gubernatorial appointments and enrolled bills. The main floor action focused on a series of appropriation and enhancement bills. Senators debated and passed Senate Bills 1402 through 1409, covering the Department of Juvenile Corrections, Department of Environmental Quality, Department of Agriculture, State Public Defender, Division of Occupational and Professional Licenses, Idaho State Police, and related budget adjustments. Debate centered on whether the enhancement budgets were necessary amid broader rescissions and revenue concerns; supporters emphasized operational needs, replacement items, staffing, and public safety, while some senators objected to new federal funds or to restoring spending after cuts. Most of these bills passed on recorded votes, with a few dissenting votes from senators arguing for deeper reductions. The Senate also passed House Bills 905, 906, 907, 908, 715, 742, and 658. These measures addressed higher education and community college funding, career technical education, military division funding, library board authority in city libraries, electronic vehicle titles, and cemetery district vacancy procedures. Debate on the education bills focused on the impact of budget cuts and whether the one-time restorations were sufficient, while the library bill drew a split between supporters of local elected oversight and opponents who warned against politicizing library decisions. The cemetery district bill was presented as a practical fix for governance failures at Joplin Cemetery and similar districts. In the 10th order, the Senate adopted House Joint Memorials 14, 16, and 13. HJM 14 urged future water storage development, HJM 16 supported seniors and Medicare-related oversight, and HJM 13 asked federal agencies to align waters-of-the-United States policy with the Sackett decision. The Senate then continued with additional third-reading bills, including House Bill 573, as the session moved toward recess and further floor work.

Transcript Highlights:

• code.
• of the state building code.
• to the state building code on a three-year cycle that follows the model code adoption cycle.
• code amendments.
• codes as necessary for implementation in the first substantive code update to the state building code

Summary: The committee heard public testimony on several housing, building code, and permitting bills. HB 2228 would direct the State Building Code Council to convene a technical advisory group to recommend code amendments allowing scissor stairs in buildings with more than two dwelling units. Supporters, including architects, builders, and housing advocates, said scissor stairs could improve safety, reduce corridor and stair footprint, lower costs, and allow more efficient and denser housing layouts. The bill was then closed to public hearing. HB 2381 would create a performance-based code pathway for low-rise residential buildings and allow recognition of third-party certifications. The chair described it as a move from prescriptive to performance-based standards, with flexibility for builders and potential alignment with clean building goals. The Building Industry Association of Washington opposed the bill as written, saying the main need is a performance pathway in the energy code rather than the IBC, while FutureWise supported the concept but urged caution about the complexity and timeline of converting code to performance-based standards. The public hearing on HB 2381 was closed after testimony. HB 2418 would change permit review processes, including vesting rules for residential project permits in urban growth areas, pausing review clocks in certain circumstances, extending timelines to other fee-charging reviewing entities, and requiring a single permit responsible official and point of contact by 2027. Builders, developers, and housing advocates generally supported the bill’s coordination and timeline provisions, saying they would reduce delays and costs, though several groups raised concerns about the vesting section and completeness definitions. FutureWise and county representatives warned the vesting changes could create litigation or records issues, while the sponsor said the vesting portion might be reconsidered. The committee also heard HB 2273, which would require embodied carbon reduction standards for larger building projects through reuse, product-based reductions, or whole-building life-cycle assessment. Support came from architects, Commerce, and environmental justice advocates, who said the bill would reduce climate impacts and encourage innovation; opponents from the concrete and aggregate industry and a taxpayer group raised concerns about costs, supply-chain issues, conflicts with other legislation, and exemptions such as for schools. No votes were taken, and the committee adjourned after closing the public hearings.

Transcript Highlights:

• Cities can still enforce building codes, safety standards, and reasonable design requirements.
• Yes, in the city of Bend, we did end up changing the ADU code to something similar to this legislation
• It is deregulating what some cities have decided to. it is deregulating what some cities have decided
• I have another one that's converting a van to probably live on our property, maybe against city code.
• Cities retain authority over building codes, infrastructure capacity, environmental protections, and

Keywords: 989, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> to take care of here at the city. to take care of here at the city.
• to those building codes.
• , or the codes are better.
• </c> to the codes that they were built to. to the codes that they were built to.
• </c> codes or the codes are better. codes or the codes are better.

Keywords: 910, house, all

Summary: The House Committee on Public Safety held an informational briefing with the City and County of Honolulu Department of Emergency Management on its hazard mitigation plan and recent emergency events on Oahu. Chair Dela Botti opened the meeting by explaining that the briefing was intended to review the mitigation planning process, the city’s hazard mitigation plan, and lessons learned from recent tsunami and wildfire threats, building on earlier briefings with state emergency management and transportation officials. Director Collins and hazard mitigation staff officer Ian Kio presented the plan, describing it as a five-year FEMA-required document focused on reducing long-term risk to people and property, not an operations plan for active disasters. Kio outlined how the plan was developed over roughly 18 months with a core team, steering committee, consultant support, and public input, and said it was formally adopted by the mayor’s office and approved by FEMA in July 2025. He said the updated plan was aligned more closely with the state hazard mitigation plan, expanded to cover 15 hazards including climate change and sea level rise, and organized around hazard risk rankings and mitigation strategies. He identified the highest-risk hazards as climate change and sea level rise, floods, health risks, hurricanes, tsunamis, and wildfires, and said the plan includes short-, medium-, and long-term actions such as education, Firewise community planning, flood mapping, and major infrastructure projects like tsunami walls and street elevation work. He also emphasized that the plan will be maintained with yearly updates and ongoing public feedback. Collins then discussed after-action findings from the July 6 Meli fire and the recent tsunami response, noting that reviews are still ongoing. He said the fire response showed strong initiative and teamwork, including police officers helping with fire suppression support and door-to-door evacuation efforts before firefighters arrived, and a staff duty officer who initiated a wireless emergency alert without waiting for higher-level direction. He said these actions reflected a culture of rapid decision-making when lives are at stake. Collins also urged residents to prepare by making family plans, gathering supplies, checking flood and tsunami risk maps, retrofitting homes, and obtaining insurance before disasters occur. No votes or formal committee actions were taken during the informational briefing.