Ohio 2025-2026 Regular Session

Ohio House Bill HB933

Caption

To amend section 2945.21 of the Revised Code to enact the Fair Trial Protection Act to create a process for objecting to a peremptory challenge on the basis that the challenge is based on the prospective juror's race, color, religion, sex, military status, national origin, disability, age, or ancestry.

Summary

HB933 would amend Ohio’s criminal jury-selection statute to create a formal process for challenging peremptory strikes that appear to be based on a prospective juror’s membership in a protected class. The bill prohibits peremptory challenges based on race, color, religion, sex, military status, national origin, disability, age, or ancestry, and requires the party making the strike to provide a clear, reasonably specific, neutral explanation if an objection is raised. Under the bill, the trial court must evaluate the explanation on the record and may not permit the strike unless it finds both that the challenge was more likely than not unrelated to protected-class status and that the stated interest substantially outweighs the interest in a fair trial by an impartial jury drawn from a representative cross-section of the community. The bill also directs courts to consider comparative juror treatment, patterns of strikes, the relationship of the stated reason to the case, and the credibility and demeanor of the striking party. If a violation is found, the court must deny the strike or take remedial action, including a mistrial if necessary, and appeals would receive de novo review of legal conclusions with heightened scrutiny for factual findings.

Impact

HB933 would change Ohio Revised Code section 2945.21 by adding explicit anti-discrimination limits and a new objection-and-review framework for peremptory challenges in criminal cases. It would affect prosecutors and defense counsel in misdemeanor, felony, and capital cases by constraining how jurors may be removed and by giving trial courts a more active role in policing discriminatory jury selection. The bill also repeals the existing version of the statute and labels the new framework the Fair Trial Protection Act.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and available context, the measure appears to be framed positively as a fairness and equal-protection reform aimed at preventing discriminatory jury selection. Because there are no committee transcripts or recorded votes provided, there is no documented legislative debate or formal vote history to indicate broader support or opposition. The introduced status and referral to the House Judiciary Committee suggest the bill was still in the early stages of consideration.

Contention

The main point of contention is likely to be the bill’s expansion of limits on peremptory challenges and the standard courts must apply when evaluating objections. Supporters would likely emphasize preventing discrimination and improving representative juries, while opponents may argue that the bill could reduce attorney discretion in jury selection, increase litigation over strikes, and create uncertainty or delay in criminal trials. The inclusion of age and military status among protected classes may also draw attention because those categories are less commonly addressed in peremptory-challenge reforms than race or sex.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

OH HB1

To amend sections 3517.12, 3517.13, and 3517.155 of the Revised Code to modify the Campaign Finance Law regarding foreign nationals and statewide initiatives and referenda and to declare an emergency.

OH HB2

To amend sections 3517.12, 3517.13, and 3517.155 of the Revised Code to modify the Campaign Finance Law regarding foreign nationals and statewide initiatives and referenda and to declare an emergency.

OH SB280

To amend sections 3505.01 and 3505.10 of the Revised Code to modify the deadline for a political party to certify its nominees for President and Vice-President to the Secretary of State.

OH HB271

Number state ballot issues consecutively based on prior election

OH SB279

To delay the deadline for a major political party to certify its presidential and vice presidential candidates to the Secretary of State for the 2024 general election.

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AZ SB1509

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NJ S3796

Prohibits juror disqualification based on gender identity or sexual orientation; codifies procedures when discriminatory use of peremptory challenges is alleged.

MS SB2773

Juries; prohibit peremptory challenges based on certain factors.

MS SB2363

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MI HB4094

Courts: juries; prospective jurors with certain criminal records and protected statuses; amend eligibility for service and peremptory challenges. Amends sec. 1307a of 1961 PA 236 (MCL 600.1307a) & adds secs. 1307b & 1356.