New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York Senate Bill S00398

Introduced
1/8/25  
Refer
1/8/25  

Caption

Specifies additional duties of notaries with respect to instruments conveying residential real property; requires a specific colloquy to determine that the principal understands the conveyance.

Summary

S00398 would add a new section to the Executive Law imposing special duties on notaries who notarize instruments conveying residential real property in New York. For those transactions, notaries would have to keep a detailed journal entry for each notarization, including the date, time, location, type of instrument, principal’s name and address, identification used, fees charged, whether the notarization was remote, and an inked thumbprint. The journal would have to be retained while the notary remains in office and for five additional years, and would be subject to inspection by the Secretary of State upon demand. The bill also requires a mandatory written colloquy that the notary must read to the principal before acknowledging a deed or similar conveyance. The colloquy is designed to confirm that the signer understands the document, is the current owner, knows the deed transfers ownership, is signing voluntarily, and is not being pressured or threatened. If the signer does not speak English, an interpreter must be present and certify the translation. The bill further directs the Secretary of State to create an education program for notaries on these requirements; a notary who has not completed the training would be unqualified to certify acknowledgments for residential real property conveyances, and instruments notarized in violation of the section would be void or voidable depending on the violation.

Impact

This bill would significantly expand the regulatory duties of notaries public in residential real estate transactions and create new statutory safeguards around deed acknowledgments. It would amend the Executive Law by adding section 137-a, establish recordkeeping and identity-verification requirements, mandate a standardized anti-coercion colloquy, and authorize the Secretary of State to inspect notary journals and administer training. It would also affect the validity of real property conveyances by making noncompliant instruments void or voidable, thereby directly impacting homeowners, buyers, sellers, lenders, title companies, attorneys, and notaries involved in residential property transfers.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and the absence of recorded committee discussion or votes, the measure appears to be framed as a consumer-protection and anti-fraud reform aimed at preventing coercion, misunderstanding, and improper deed transfers. The overall sentiment suggested by the proposal is protective and precautionary, with the bill seeking to strengthen oversight of notarized real estate conveyances. No contrary viewpoints, amendments, or recorded vote patterns are available in the provided materials.

Contention

The main points of potential contention are the bill’s administrative burden and its strict consequences for noncompliance. Notaries may object to the added journal requirements, thumbprint collection, mandatory colloquy, interpreter certification, and training mandate, especially because failure to comply can invalidate a conveyance. Real estate professionals and title stakeholders may also be concerned that the bill could create transaction delays, increase costs, and introduce uncertainty into closings if a notarization is later challenged. On the other hand, supporters would likely emphasize the need to protect vulnerable property owners from fraud, undue influence, and deed theft, particularly in residential transactions.

Companion Bills

NY A10441

Same As Relates to duties of notaries with respect to instruments conveying residential real property

Previously Filed As

NY A10441

Specifies additional duties of notaries with respect to instruments conveying residential real property; requires a specific colloquy to determine that the principal understands the conveyance.

NY S00218

Specifies additional duties of notaries with respect to instruments conveying residential real property; requires a specific colloquy to determine that the principal understands the conveyance.

NY S1232

Recording of Instruments Conveying Real Property

NY H1111

Recording of Instruments Conveying Real Property

NY S0116

Protection of Specified Persons Against the Fraudulent and Exploitative Conveyance of Property Interests

NY H1195

Protection of Specified Persons Against the Fraudulent and Exploitative Conveyance of Property Interests

NY SB1254

real property conveyances; formal requirements

NY HB1154

Mississippi Law on Notarial Acts; revise to allow notaries to perform remote online notarization.

NY HB1273

Rental Purchase Agreements; establish certain rights and duties specific to agreements for a conveyance of real property.

NY HB1127

Rental-purchase agreements; establish certain rights and duties specific to agreements for a conveyance of real property.

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