New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York Assembly Bill A08931

Introduced
7/16/25  
Refer
7/16/25  

Caption

Requires just cause for employment termination and restricts the use of electronic monitoring for disciplinary purposes; requires employers to provide just cause for discharging employees, with exceptions.

Summary

This bill would create a new article in the Labor Law establishing a statewide “wrongful discharge” framework. After a short probation period of up to 30 days, employers could terminate employees only for “just cause” or a bona fide economic reason. The bill defines just cause to include poor performance, willful disruption, material or repeated policy violations, or other legitimate business reasons, and it also sets out rules for progressive discipline, written workplace policies, advance notice of termination, and written explanations supporting a discharge. It further provides that employees discharged in violation of the article may seek reinstatement or restoration of hours, back pay, and attorneys’ fees, and it places the burden on employers to prove just cause or economic necessity.

Impact

The bill would significantly alter New York employment law by moving the state away from at-will employment for covered workers and creating statutory protections against termination without cause. It also adds detailed restrictions on employer use of electronic monitoring in discipline and discharge decisions, including notice requirements, limits on biometric, geofencing, home audio/video, and personal-device monitoring, and data-access and correction rights for employees. The measure would affect employers, employees, labor organizations, and the Department of Labor, while carving out exceptions for probationary workers, certain short-term positions, and employees covered by valid collective bargaining agreements.

Sentiment

Based on the bill text and the absence of recorded committee debate or votes, the measure appears strongly pro-worker and designed to expand job security and privacy protections. Its structure suggests support for due process in termination decisions, transparency in employer recordkeeping, and limits on surveillance-based discipline. Because no vote history or transcript is available, there is no documented public sentiment in the materials beyond the bill’s clear policy direction.

Contention

The main points of contention are likely to be the bill’s departure from at-will employment, the administrative and evidentiary burdens it places on employers, and the broad limits on electronic monitoring. Employers may object to the requirement for progressive discipline, advance notice, disclosure of internal data, and restrictions on using monitoring tools such as biometric systems, geofencing, and personal-device software. Labor advocates would likely support these protections, while some employers and business groups may argue the bill is too restrictive or difficult to administer, especially for performance-based workplaces and economic layoffs.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

NY A03779

Restricts the use by an employer or an employment agency of electronic monitoring or an automated employment decision tool to screen a candidate or employee for an employment decision unless such tool has been the subject of an impact assessment within the last year; requires notice to employment candidates of the use of such tools; provides remedies for violations.

NY S10147

Restricts the use by an employer or an employment agency of electronic monitoring or an automated employment decision tool to screen a candidate or employee for an employment decision unless such tool has been the subject of an impact assessment within the last year; requires notice to employment candidates of the use of such tools; provides remedies for violations.

NY A11198

Requires employers to pay employees accrued but unused vacation, paid time off, or other paid leave provided upon termination, resignation, retirement or other separation from employment.

NY S00185

Restricts the use by an employer or an employment agency of electronic monitoring or an automated employment decision tool to screen a candidate or employee for an employment decision unless such tool has been the subject of an impact assessment within the last year; requires notice to employment candidates of the use of such tools; provides remedies for violations.

NY HB4448

Labor: other; cause for termination of employment; require. Creates new act.

NY SF1671

Landlords just cause provided for terminating a tenancy requirement provision

NY A02456

Prohibits employers from requiring low-wage employees to enter into covenants not to compete; requires employers to notify potential employees of any requirement to enter into a covenant not to compete.

NY HF997

Landlords required to provide just cause for terminating tenancy.

NY A07781

Removes the exclusion of part-time employees from certain definitions relating to employment and expanding the definition of employer; removes certain exclusions for employer notice requirements for the closing of a facility; removes the discretionary reduction of penalties for employers for certain acts or omissions concerning notice requirements for mass layoffs, relocations or employment loss; removes the maximum time period for determining back pay and other liabilities for certain employees who experience employment loss; allows the attorney general to take certain action to assist certain employees in receiving back pay and other liabilities; requires employers to pay severance to employees when there is a plant closing, relocation, or mass layoff.

NY S07437

Prohibits agreements between employers that directly restrict the current or future employment of any employee; allows for a cause of action against employers who engage in such agreements.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.