New York 2025-2026 Regular Session

New York Assembly Bill A01281

Introduced
1/9/25  
Refer
1/9/25  

Caption

Imposes a progressive income tax structure for high income taxpayers.

Summary

This bill amends New York’s personal income tax law to extend and substantially revise the state’s top income tax brackets for high-income taxpayers. It changes the sunset date for the existing higher-rate structure so that the current rates continue through tax year 2025, and then replaces the prior top-bracket schedule with a new, more graduated set of rates beginning in tax years after 2025. Under the new schedule, taxable income above $500,000 would be subject to additional brackets that rise from 7.5% and 8% up through 24% for income over $20 million, for each filing status covered by section 601. The bill also rewrites the “tax table benefit” provisions in section 601(d-1) to conform to the new bracket structure and to adjust the income thresholds at which those benefits phase out. In practical terms, it lowers the income levels used in the phase-out calculations for the higher-rate brackets and adds new benefit calculations tied to the newly created brackets. It also repeals subsection (d-4) of section 601, which is part of the existing high-income tax framework, and makes the act effective immediately. The bill’s impact would be to increase the tax burden on very high earners in New York and to preserve a progressive income tax structure beyond the current expiration date. It would affect the state tax law provisions governing personal income tax rates for resident individuals, nonresident individuals, and part-year residents, as well as the associated tax table benefit formulas used to calculate liability at the top end of the income scale. The measure is aimed at taxpayers with incomes well above $500,000, with the steepest rates applying only at multi-million-dollar income levels. The general sentiment reflected by the bill’s sponsorship and caption is supportive of a more progressive tax system for high-income taxpayers, with the bill framed as an extension and expansion of higher rates rather than a broad-based tax increase. No committee transcript or vote record was provided, so there is no documented floor or committee debate to indicate broader legislative support or opposition. Based on the text alone, the central policy goal appears to be raising revenue from the highest earners while maintaining lower rates for middle- and lower-income taxpayers. The main point of contention likely concerns the size and structure of the new top brackets, especially the very high marginal rates on income above $5 million, $10 million, $15 million, and $20 million. Supporters would likely view the bill as a fairness and revenue measure, while opponents may argue that such rates could discourage investment, encourage tax migration, or make New York less competitive for high earners. The bill also changes the timing of the sunset and phase-out rules, which may be contested as either a necessary extension of current policy or an expansion beyond the existing temporary framework.

Impact

The bill amends Tax Law section 601 to extend the current high-income tax regime through tax year 2025 and then replace it with a new progressive rate schedule for resident, nonresident, and part-year resident filers. It revises the top marginal rates and bracket thresholds, adds new brackets above $500,000 of taxable income, and updates the related tax table benefit formulas and phase-out thresholds in section 601(d-1). It also repeals section 601(d-4), removing a related provision from the existing tax structure. The practical effect is to increase state income tax liability for very high-income taxpayers and to alter the statutory formulas used to compute their tax table benefits.

Sentiment

The bill appears to be positively framed by its sponsors as a progressive tax measure aimed at high-income taxpayers, with no contrary committee or vote record provided. The caption and text suggest a policy preference for extending and strengthening higher tax rates on top earners rather than allowing the current structure to expire. Because no transcripts or votes are included, there is no documented evidence of formal opposition or support beyond the bill’s introduction and referral.

Contention

The likely points of contention are the new marginal rates, especially the very high brackets reaching 24% on income above $20 million, and the decision to continue and expand a temporary high-income tax structure. Supporters would likely argue that the bill improves tax fairness and raises revenue from those most able to pay, while opponents would likely focus on competitiveness, taxpayer migration, and the potential economic effects of sharply higher top rates. The revised phase-out thresholds and tax table benefit calculations may also be disputed as technical changes that further increase liability for affluent taxpayers.

Companion Bills

NY S01622

Same As Imposes a progressive income tax structure for high income taxpayers.

Previously Filed As

NY S04437

Amends the alternative tax table benefit recapture; increases the rate of supplemental tax for high income taxpayers.

NY S08720

Makes certain higher personal income tax rates permanent.

NY A10738

Provides that income taxes shall be adjusted to account for a cost of living adjustment for certain tax years.

NY S09043

Provides that income taxes shall be adjusted to account for a cost of living adjustment for certain tax years.

NY S02059

Imposes a progressive income tax structure for high income taxpayers.

NY A03115

Imposes a progressive income tax structure for high income taxpayers.

NY S01622

Imposes a progressive income tax structure for high income taxpayers.

NY A1850

Sets flat gross income tax rate at 5.9 percent tax for all taxable income over $37,500 or $75,000, depending on filing status; exempts taxpayers with less income from gross income tax.

NY S3311

Sets flat gross income tax rate at 5.9 percent tax for all taxable income over $37,500 or $75,000, depending on filing status; exempts taxpayers with less income from gross income tax.

NY A3824

Expands eligibility for pension and retirement income exclusion to taxpayers with incomes exceeding $150,000, and increases amount of exclusion that qualifying taxpayers may claim.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.