North Carolina 2025-2026 Regular Session

North Carolina House Bill HB406

Caption

House Bill 406 (=S295)

Summary

HB406 is a broad motor vehicle dealer franchise bill that revises multiple provisions of North Carolina’s dealer laws, with a particular focus on protecting franchised dealers from manufacturer pressure and strengthening dealer rights in franchise transfers, succession, and termination disputes. It would tighten limits on manufacturer objections to dealership sales, transfers, management changes, relocations, and succession plans; expand the circumstances under which a dealer can challenge a termination or nonrenewal; and require manufacturers to reimburse attorneys’ fees in certain transfer disputes. The bill also adds or clarifies rules governing recreational vehicle dealer termination assistance, unfinished or delayed vehicles, loaner reimbursement, and pricing of dealer training, software, equipment, and tools. The bill also addresses newer business practices and revenue streams in the auto market. It would require manufacturers and distributors to compensate franchised dealers for certain over-the-air or remotely activated vehicle features and services sold to customers, and to provide written disclosures and monthly statements identifying those products and related dealer compensation. In addition, it broadens the statutory definition of “sell” to include reservations, subscriptions, pricing, negotiations, and related retail transactions, and clarifies that some subscription-program activity can make a person a motor vehicle dealer under state law. It also revises the definition of dealer to include entities performing warranty or recall work, with an exception for designated commercial fleet customers. In terms of state law impact, HB406 would amend several sections of Chapter 20 of the General Statutes, especially G.S. 20-286 and G.S. 20-305, and would apply to both current and future franchise agreements. The practical effect would be to give North Carolina franchised dealers stronger statutory protections against manufacturer control over ownership transfers, facility requirements, and termination decisions, while also imposing new compensation and disclosure obligations on manufacturers and distributors. It would also create new rules for inventory acceptance, parts-delay loaner reimbursement, and pricing of dealer-facing tools and training tied to facility image programs. The general sentiment reflected by the bill’s structure is strongly pro-dealer and pro-franchisee, with the legislation appearing designed to curb manufacturer leverage and preserve dealer autonomy. Because there were no recorded committee transcripts or votes in the provided materials, there is no documented floor or committee debate to indicate bipartisan support or opposition. However, the detailed protections for dealers, especially in termination, transfer, and compensation disputes, suggest the bill is intended to respond to dealer concerns about manufacturer overreach and evolving vehicle technology and sales models. The main points of contention likely center on how far the bill goes in limiting manufacturer discretion and expanding dealer compensation rights. Manufacturers and distributors could object to the restrictions on approving transfers and management changes, the mandatory reimbursement of attorneys’ fees, the over-the-air feature compensation requirements, and the prohibition on conditioning approvals on facility investments or right-of-first-refusal agreements. Dealers, by contrast, would likely support the bill’s stronger protections, clearer succession rules, and reimbursement provisions, especially for RV dealers, loaner vehicles, and delayed or unfinished vehicles.

Impact

HB406 would amend North Carolina’s motor vehicle dealer statutes in Chapter 20, especially the franchise-relationship provisions in G.S. 20-305 and the dealer definitions in G.S. 20-286. It would expand dealer protections against manufacturer interference in ownership transfers, succession, management changes, relocations, and franchise terminations; require compensation and disclosures for over-the-air vehicle features and services; and add rules on loaner reimbursement, unfinished vehicles, training/tool pricing, and dealer compensation tied to delayed or recalled inventory. The bill would apply to existing and future franchise agreements, meaning it would affect current dealer-manufacturer contracts statewide.

Sentiment

The bill appears to have a generally pro-dealer, pro-franchise sentiment, with its provisions aimed at limiting manufacturer leverage and strengthening dealer rights across a wide range of disputes. No committee transcripts or votes were provided, so there is no recorded public debate in the materials to show direct support or opposition. Based on the text alone, the bill seems designed to address dealer concerns about franchise control, compensation, and emerging sales practices such as remote feature activation and subscription models.

Contention

The most likely areas of contention are the bill’s restrictions on manufacturers’ ability to approve or deny dealership transfers and management changes, its mandatory attorneys’ fee reimbursement in certain disputes, and its new compensation requirements for over-the-air products and services. Manufacturers and distributors may also object to the limits on conditioning approvals on facility upgrades, right-of-first-refusal arrangements, or prior litigation history, as well as the expanded definition of selling and dealer status. Dealers are likely to favor these provisions, while manufacturers may view them as reducing contractual freedom and increasing compliance and payout obligations.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

NC H406

Clarify Motor Vehicle Dealer Laws

NC S295

Clarify Motor Vehicle Dealer Laws

NC SB1939

MOTOR VEHICLE FRANCHISE-SALES

NC SB22

Motor Vehicle Manufacturers As Dealers

NC HB2432

VEH CD-RELOCATOR PERMIT FEE

NC HB5197

MOTOR VEHICLE FRANCHISE-SALES

NC SB3708

MOTOR VEHICLE FRANCHISE-SALES

NC HB2160

Motor vehicles; regulation; New Motor Vehicle Commission; approval of form; licensure; application; fees; certificates of registration; franchise; new vehicle dealers; effective date.

NC HB2160

Motor vehicles; regulation; New Motor Vehicle Commission; approval of form; licensure; application; fees; certificates of registration; franchise; new vehicle dealers; effective date.

NC H5588

Extends certain protocols applicable to vehicle manufacturers to their distributors and factory branches, updates definitions relative to common entities and sales.

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