Michigan 2025-2026 Regular Session

Michigan House Bill HB4365

Introduced
4/22/25  

Caption

Environmental protection: water pollution; penalty for certain excess discharges into waters of the state; provide for. Amends secs. 3112a & 3115 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3112a & 324.3115) & adds sec. 3119a.

Summary

HB 4365 would amend Michigan’s Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act to strengthen reporting, testing, and penalty provisions for discharges of untreated or partially treated sewage from sewer systems. The bill requires the responsible person to notify the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, affected local health departments, county officials, and newspapers when a discharge occurs, and it requires the department to post the notice on its website. For discharges to surface waters, the bill also requires E. coli testing of affected waters, unless waived by the local health department, and requires annual outreach to municipalities that may be affected so they can opt into the same notification process. The bill also adds a new discharge recovery fund in the state treasury. Money collected from certain civil fines would be deposited into the fund, and the department would use appropriated money to provide grants to counties whose watersheds are impacted by unlawful discharges. The department would also publish criteria for how those grants are awarded. In addition, the bill clarifies that these notice and reporting requirements do not authorize illegal discharges or limit other legal actions the state may bring. HB 4365 would significantly increase the consequences for violations of sewage discharge and notice requirements. It amends section 3115 to preserve existing civil and criminal enforcement tools, including injunctions, fines, imprisonment for certain knowing violations, and liens on property, while adding a specific civil penalty of up to $500,000 for failure to provide notice under section 3112a. It also adds a much larger penalty for county discharges that exceed volumetric limits and affect a contiguous county’s watershed, with proceeds directed to the new discharge recovery fund. The bill further preserves and expands substantial-endangerment penalties where conduct poses a danger of death or serious bodily injury. The general sentiment reflected by the bill text is strongly protective of public health, water quality, and local notification rights. Although there are no committee transcripts or recorded votes in the provided material, the structure of the bill suggests a policy emphasis on transparency, rapid public notice, and stronger deterrence for sewage spills and permit violations. The inclusion of E. coli testing and county grant funding indicates an intent to help affected communities respond to contamination events. The main points of contention likely center on the bill’s increased financial exposure for sewer operators and counties, the breadth of the notification obligations, and the large civil penalties tied to reporting failures and volumetric exceedances. Potentially affected parties include municipal sewer systems, county governments, private sewer operators, local health departments, and the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy. The bill also raises implementation questions about testing logistics, waiver authority, and how grant funds would be distributed to impacted counties.

Impact

HB 4365 would amend MCL 324.3112a and 324.3115 and add new MCL 324.3119a within the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act. It would expand mandatory notice requirements for sewage discharges, require website posting by the department, add E. coli testing obligations for surface-water discharges, and create a new discharge recovery fund to support grants for impacted counties. It would also increase and clarify civil and criminal penalties for violations, including a new civil fine for failure to notify and a special penalty for county discharges affecting contiguous counties.

Sentiment

The bill appears to be driven by concern over sewage spills, public health risks, and the need for faster, broader public notification. Its provisions favor stronger enforcement, more transparency, and local response capacity, suggesting a generally pro-environment and pro-public-health posture. No committee testimony or vote record was provided, so there is no direct evidence of support or opposition from legislators in the supplied materials.

Contention

Likely areas of contention include the size of the proposed penalties, especially the $500,000 fine for failure to provide notice and the multimillion-dollar penalty for county discharges affecting neighboring watersheds. Sewer operators and local governments may object to the administrative burden of expanded notice, testing, and annual municipal outreach, while environmental and public health advocates would likely support those requirements. The bill’s grant fund and county-specific penalty provisions may also raise questions about fairness, enforcement, and how responsibility is allocated among public and private sewer systems.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

MI HB4364

Environmental protection: water pollution; application requirements for new or increased discharge permit under NREPA; modify. Amends sec. 3112 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3112).

MI HB5699

Environmental protection: permits; permits for the discharge of wash water; modify. Amends 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.101 - 324.90106) by adding sec. 3116a. TIE BAR WITH: HB 5698'26

MI HB5698

Environmental protection: permits; permitting structure for discharge of wash water; provide for. Amends sec. 3112 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3112). TIE BAR WITH: HB 5699'26

MI SB0711

Environmental protection: water pollution; water resources protection; modify. Amends sec. 3103 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3103).

MI SB0817

Environmental protection: groundwater contamination; location guidelines for wastewater discharge; provide for. Amends sec. 3112 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3112).

MI SB0579

Natural resources: other; certain fees in the natural resources and environmental protection act; modify. Amends secs. 3104, 3110, 3118, 3120, 4104, 11153, 30104, 30109, 32312 & 32513 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.3104 et seq.).

MI HB5937

Environmental protection: permits; approval process for certain permits; modify. Amends secs. 1301, 1305, 1307, 3112 & 30307 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.1301 et seq.).

MI HB4035

Environmental protection: sewage; violations for sewer overflows; modify. Amends 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.101 - 324.90106) by adding sec. 3115b.

MI SB0818

Environmental protection: landfills; location guidelines for landfills; provide for. Amends sec. 11509 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.11509).

MI HB4314

Environmental protection: water pollution; removal of surface debris without a permit; allow. Amends sec. 32512 of 1994 PA 451 (MCL 324.32512).

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