California Assembly Bill AB31

California 2025-2026 Regular Session

• Introduced: 12/2/24
• Refer: 2/3/25
• Report Pass: 3/4/25
• Refer: 3/4/25
• Refer: 4/9/25
• Report Pass: 5/23/25
• Engrossed: 6/2/25
• Refer: 6/3/25
• Refer: 6/11/25

Caption

An act to add and repeal Sections 830.83 and 832.55 of, and to add and repeal amend Sections 830.83, 832.55, and 11073 of, to amend the heading of Article 2.45 (commencing with Section 11073) of Chapter 1 of Title 1 of Part 4 of, to amend and renumber Section 11073.6 of, to add Article 2.41 (commencing with Section 11071) to Chapter 1 of Title 1 of Part 4 of, and to repeal Section 11073.5 of, the Penal Code, relating to peace officers.

Impact

The program allows for up to three tribal entities to participate, providing their officers with limited peace officer authority. These participating tribes must enact specific laws that mirror state law in terms of public access to records and liability sharing for law enforcement actions. Additionally, this bill creates the Tribal Police Pilot Fund, designed to help these tribes with information technology necessary for complying with reporting requirements. The bill necessitates extensive training and oversight, aiming to ensure that participating tribal police are held to standards similar to other California law enforcement officers.

Summary

Assembly Bill 31, introduced by Assembly member Ramos, establishes a Tribal Police Pilot Program to grant specific law enforcement powers to tribal police officers in California. This bill acknowledges the unique government-to-government relationship between California's federally recognized tribes and state entities. It aims to enhance law enforcement capabilities on tribal lands and aligns with ongoing federal and state efforts to address the high rates of violence against Native Americans, especially women. The program is set to operate from July 1, 2026, until July 1, 2029, and involves collaboration with the Department of Justice and the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training.

Contention

Some notable points of contention surrounding AB 31 include concerns about the balance of state jurisdiction and tribal sovereignty. While the bill empowers tribal police, it also requires a limited waiver of sovereign immunity from participating tribes, potentially raising fears about encroachments on tribal governance. Additionally, the evaluation process mandated by the bill may raise concerns regarding state oversight of tribal operations. Advocates argue this program can bridge gaps in law enforcement on tribal lands, while opponents caution against the implications for tribal self-determination.