Alabama 2026 Regular Session

Alabama Senate Bill SB339

Filed/Read First Time
 
Introduced
3/3/26  
Refer
3/3/26  
Report Pass
3/5/26  
Refer
3/10/26  
Report Pass
3/10/26  
Enrolled
3/17/26  
Passed
3/31/26  

Caption

Crenshaw County; authorize law enforcement to take individual with mental illness into protective custody under certain conditions; legal immunity provided

Summary

SB339 is a local act that applies only in Crenshaw County and gives certain law enforcement officers authority to take a person into temporary protective custody when the officer has reasonable cause to believe the person is mentally ill and presents an immediate danger to self or others. Once taken into custody, the officer must transport the person to a hospital or other treatment facility for evaluation and treatment. If the person does not consent to transport, the officer may use reasonable force to complete it. The bill also sets out what happens after transport. The individual may be held for up to 72 hours, excluding weekends and legal holidays, unless a probate judge orders further inpatient or outpatient treatment under existing state mental health commitment procedures. If a hospital determines the person is not mentally ill or not dangerous, it must promptly notify law enforcement, and the officer must arrange immediate release unless there is another legal basis to detain the person. If requested, the officer must also transport the person home or to another place of abode within the county.

Impact

The bill creates a county-specific emergency mental health intervention process that operates alongside existing Alabama commitment law in Title 22, Chapter 52. It expands the authority of designated Crenshaw County law enforcement agencies to intervene before formal court-ordered commitment, and it requires hospitals and treatment facilities to participate in the evaluation-and-release process. The act also provides that protective custody under this section is not an arrest and prohibits records indicating a crime-related detention. In addition, it grants state-agent immunity under Section 36-1-12 to officers, hospitals, physicians, medical providers, and treatment facilities acting under the act, while preserving existing medical liability and related immunity statutes.

Sentiment

The bill appears to have broad support and little visible opposition. It passed both chambers unanimously, with 33-0 votes in the Senate and 47-0 in the House, indicating a strong consensus in favor of giving local officials a clearer tool for handling mental health crises. The absence of committee transcript material suggests no recorded public controversy in the available materials.

Contention

The main policy issues embedded in the bill are the scope of police authority, the use of reasonable force to transport a person for mental health evaluation, and the liability protections extended to law enforcement and medical providers. Supporters likely view the measure as a public safety and crisis-response tool that helps protect both the individual and the community. Potential concerns, though not reflected in the vote totals, would center on civil liberties, involuntary detention, and whether immunity provisions sufficiently protect patients’ rights while encouraging intervention.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

AL SB200

Drug courts; name changed to "accountability courts," eligibility expanded to include veterans and individuals with mental illness, duties of Administrative Office of Courts further provided for

AL HB360

Drug courts; name changed to "accountability courts," eligibility expanded to include veterans and individuals with mental illness, duties of Administrative Office of Courts further provided for

AL HB14

Law enforcement, authorizes Attorney General or Governor to appoint interim police chief subject to certain conditions

AL SB3

Law enforcement, authorizes Attorney General or Governor to appoint interim police chief subject to certain conditions

AL SB302

Motorcycles; certain aged individuals with certain insurance authorized to operate without helmets

AL HB202

Law enforcement officers; civil and criminal immunity from liability, further provided

AL SB129

Law Enforcement Officers; civil and criminal immunity expanded

AL HB254

St. Clair County; mental health officer, powers and duties further provided

AL HB474

Property; provide additional procedures; clarify jurisdiction under which local law enforcement may remove unauthorized individuals from an owner's premises

AL HB229

Child custody, rebuttable presumption of joint custody, provided; definition of joint physical custody, further provided for; joint custody model parenting plan, required in certain divorce cases; motion for temporary relief as alternative to joint custody plan, provided in certain circumstances; penalties for certain unsupported motions, provided

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