Transcript Highlights:

• Transportation projects are expensive.
• resources available Transportation resources available Transportation projects<00:08:25.599>
• and about $55 million each year after that. the Social Security subtraction the the Social Security
• transportation transportation funding<00:19:23.720> thank<00:19:23.880> you<00:19:24.679
• for our transportation system businesses need<00:37:58.640> a<00:37:58.839> transportation

Bills: HF5

Keywords: tax modification, transportation funding, electric vehicle tax, Social Security subtraction, retail delivery fee, motor vehicle registration, state budget, transportation policy, 1183, house

Summary: The Transportation Committee resumed consideration of House File 5, which would reduce transportation-related revenues while also providing tax relief, including a subtraction for Social Security income, elimination of the delivery fee, and a cap on automatic gas tax indexing. The committee adopted the A1 author’s amendment, which added the phrase “using existing resources,” and then proceeded to public testimony. Representative Joy described the bill as making Minnesota more affordable, while several members and testifiers raised concerns about the impact on transportation funding and road maintenance. MnDOT Commissioner Nancy Doppenberg testified that reductions in planned transportation investments would worsen pavement, bridge, and roadway conditions, reduce construction projects and jobs, and add to an already large funding gap. Committee discussion focused on the estimated revenue losses from the bill, including about $45 million in fiscal year 2026 and $55 million annually from repealing the delivery fee, plus additional losses from capping gas tax indexing, for a combined transportation revenue reduction of about $131 million in the 2026-27 biennium. Members also asked about bridge aesthetics, paint, transit impacts, and whether other mandates and cost increases should be considered alongside revenue reductions. Supporters of the delivery fee repeal, including the Minnesota Grocers Association and Minnesota Retailers Association, argued the fee is costly to administer, confusing to consumers, and disproportionately burdens small businesses and lower-income or disabled consumers who rely on delivery. The Minnesota Association of Townships and the Minnesota Transportation Alliance emphasized that rural and local governments face major road and bridge funding needs and warned that reducing revenue would shift costs to property taxpayers or leave projects unfunded. No final vote on the bill was taken in the portion of the meeting provided; the committee continued with testimony and member questions.

Transcript Highlights:

• Transportation uh Andrew Lee House Transportation uh Andrew Lee House fisical<00:01:43.560> staff<
• also to uh keep it uh to Transportation also to uh keep it uh to Transportation policy<00:03:57.959
• <00:05:25.319> budget<00:05:25.639> in Transportation budget in Transportation budget in
• I mentioned safety and security.
• making Authority active Transportation making Authority active Transportation solicitation<00:57

Bills: HF5

Keywords: tax modification, transportation funding, electric vehicle tax, Social Security subtraction, retail delivery fee, motor vehicle registration, state budget, transportation policy, 1183, house

Summary: The committee began with member and staff introductions, then heard an overview of the governor’s transportation budget recommendations from fiscal staff Andy Lee. He explained that the spreadsheet showed only proposed changes, not base spending, and highlighted General Fund and trunk highway adjustments for MnDOT and the Department of Public Safety, including operating changes, extensions of prior appropriations, increased state road construction and Blatnik Bridge authority tied to anticipated federal funds, State Patrol hiring and a metro headquarters item, aeronautics changes, and revenue adjustments in the Driver and Vehicle Services special revenue account. The main testimony came from Metropolitan Council Chair Charlie Zelle, who outlined three budget-related items: advancing funds to MnDOT to help coordinate a highway reconstruction with a transitway project, making Metro Mobility riders eligible for free fixed-route transit, and reducing the Metro Transit general fund appropriation by $32.454 million annually. He said the advance would speed delivery and reduce disruption, the free-fare pilot had been successful and could save money if even a small share of Metro Mobility trips shifted to fixed-route service, and the general fund reduction was manageable in the near term because of new revenue streams but could constrain future expansion and capital maintenance. Members questioned the long-term effects of the proposed reduction, possible impacts on safety, service expansion, and capital maintenance, and whether federal funding uncertainty could affect operations and bus procurement. Zelle said the cuts would not affect immediate operations but could limit future BRT, microtransit, and transitway expansion, while also noting that capital maintenance needs include platform rebuilds, track work, rolling stock, and station repairs. He also said the 2023 funding package had accelerated projects and that the council was opening three transit lines this year. No votes or formal actions were taken in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Administration.
• Bisignano discussed his vision for improving the Social Security Administration service to the public
• Bisognano does not currently hold a position at the Social Security Administration, let alone a decision-making
• And the bottom line is, the nominee is not even. at the social security administration yet.
• I wanted to know what were the questions that they thought the nominee to lead the Social Security Administration

Keywords: Frank Bisignano, Social Security Administration, Doge, nomination, committee, customer service, staffing issues, Senate

Summary: The meeting of the Finance Committee primarily focused on the nomination of Frank Bisignano for Commissioner of the Social Security Administration. Members discussed the nominee's qualifications extensively, raising concerns about his past connections to Doge and the implications for Social Security. Several Senators expressed doubts about Bisignano's ability to improve the existing issues faced by the Social Security Administration, particularly related to staffing, customer service, and the potential for service cuts that could ultimately harm beneficiaries. The atmosphere was contentious, with divisive opinions visible among the committee members as they scrutinized Bisignano's past dealings and strategies.

Transcript Highlights:

• I've got you here on behalf of the Office of Court Administration, registered on the bill.
• I'm the administrative director for the Office of Court Administration, here as a resource on House Bill

Bills: HB16

Keywords: judicial administration, court reform, juvenile diversion, court security, mental health services, drug offenses, constitutional amendments

Summary: The Committee on Judiciary and Civil Jurisprudence met with a quorum present and took up House Bill 16, the omnibus courts bill that had been vetoed by the governor after the regular session. The committee substitute made several changes, including moving certain court creation dates, creating a new county court at law for Maverick County, repealing a missed youth diversion article, removing a civil preference for the 456th District Court in Guadalupe County, clarifying the digital court recording study makeup, correcting a drafting error involving prosecutors in the Special Prosecution Unit, and allowing the Office of the Attorney General to represent SPU prosecutors. Megan LaVoie of the Office of Court Administration testified as a resource witness in support of the bill and thanked the committee for working with the judiciary on the measure. Steve Bresnan of the Texas Court Reporters Association also testified in support of the bill, but used his time to urge action on a separate anti-SLAPP appeal that he said had been pending for 47 months; he distributed materials and proposed an amendment to impose deadlines on the courts, though he said he was not expecting discussion of it that day. After public testimony closed, the committee adopted the substitute without objection. Representative Hayes moved that House Bill 16, as substituted, be reported favorably to the full House with the recommendation that it be passed and printed. The motion prevailed on a 10-0 vote, and the committee then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• Section D is removed to avoid, is removed to avoid redundancy as the state Office of Administrative Hearings
• Senator Birdwell moves that it be recommended to the administration Committee for the local and noncontested
• The Railroad Commission promulgated rules in our, our Rule 7816 Texas Administrative Code, Chapter 3,
• The disposal of lithium ion batteries requires specific procedures related to handling, transportation

Bills: HB16

Keywords: judicial administration, court reform, juvenile diversion, court security, mental health services, drug offenses, constitutional amendments

Transcript Highlights:

• I've got you here on behalf of the Office of Court Administration, registered on the bill.
• I'm the Administrative Director. for the Office of Court Administration here as a resource on House Bill

Bills: HB16

Keywords: judicial administration, court reform, juvenile diversion, court security, mental health services, drug offenses, constitutional amendments, 997, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm not at the Social Security Administration, sir.
• The Social Security Administrator, let me jump to this, more than 570,000 Nevadans rely on Social Security
• To the Social Security Administration.
• What's happening in the Social Security administration right now.
• They are crippling the Social Security Administration.

Keywords: Social Security, Medicaid, Frank Bisignano, Elon Musk, benefit processing, office closures, public testimony, administration policies, health care, vulnerable populations

Summary: The committee meeting focused heavily on the nomination of Frank Bisignano as the Commissioner of the Social Security Administration, with intense discussions around the current state of Social Security and its management under the current administration. Members voiced significant concerns regarding potential changes to Social Security and Medicaid, specifically addressing issues such as office closures, delays in benefit processing, and the perceived policies from Elon Musk's association with the administration. Public testimonies highlighted fears that these changes would severely impact the accessibility of benefits for seniors and vulnerable individuals, resulting in a chaotic environment at the SSA. Members expressed a unified opposition to the notion of dismantling these critical programs, emphasizing the long-term implications on their constituents' well-being.

Transcript Highlights:

• Today is Tuesday, May 26th, and this is a hearing of the House Transportation Committee.
• I am a Transportation Policy Analyst at Reason Foundation. Thank you for the chance to speak.
• I am a transportation policy analyst at Reason Foundation.
• It is good to be back here with members of Transportation, House Transportation.
• And we have put this together as a resolution so that we can request the Department of Transportation

Bills: HR275, HR282, HCR112, SCR62, SCR64, SB513

Keywords: highway maintenance, signage, transportation safety, DOTD, infrastructure, public safety, federal grants, job creation, Utility Terrain Vehicles, UTVs, safety regulations, transportation, Louisiana, task force, vehicle operation, legislation, accidents, HCR112, House Concurrent Resolution 112, Louisiana Highway 1

Summary: The House Transportation Committee met on May 26 with a quorum present and took up several resolutions and one Senate bill. SCR 64 created a task force to study construction management at risk (CMAR) in Louisiana public works; an amendment added representatives from the Louisiana Associated General Contractors and Associated Builders and Contractors, and the resolution was reported with amendments. HR 282 created a task force to study utility terrain vehicles with state agencies; an amendment added the State Fire Marshal, and it was also reported with amendments. The committee then considered SB 513 on public works project delivery methods. The bill originally included an average-bid award method for certain pilot projects, along with airport design-build provisions. Testimony from a Reason Foundation analyst and from the Louisiana Associated General Contractors raised concerns that average-bid contracting could encourage collusion, raise costs, and lacked supporting data or use by U.S. transportation departments, while airport design-build was supported. The committee adopted an amendment in concept to strike the average-bid provisions, leaving the airport-related design-build language in place, and SB 513 was reported with amendments by a vote of 11 yeas and 4 nays. The committee also reported SCR 62 favorably, which urges DOTD to evaluate school zones on state highways in response to safety concerns and near misses, including a fatal incident referenced by the author. HCR 112 was reported favorably to study flooding on Louisiana Highway 1 in Shreveport, and HR 275 was reported favorably to study an interstate highway signage maintenance and reporting program. The meeting concluded after all items were disposed of and the committee adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• Captain is a transportation technology vendor that serves regulated carriers.
• So I'm curious, does the transportation authority ask for this as well?
• Does the transportation authority have...
• As the transportation space evolves, the two of them want to find a way to work together, where the transportation
• Yonite Wilburn, administrative attorney for the Nevada Transportation Authority, through the Chair, as

Bills: SB507

Keywords: SB507, Nevada, governmental administration, Office of Nevada Boards Commissions and Councils Standards, Department of Business and Industry, professional licensing boards, occupational licensing, regulatory fees, state account, nonreverting fund, Commission on Postsecondary Education, taxicab, taxi technology fee, Nevada Transportation Authority, Taxicab Authority, transportation network company, TNC, rideshare, Uber, Lyft

Transcript Highlights:

• The Senate Committee on Border Security will come to order. Mr.
• Current state law includes an offense to knowingly receive... remuneration for the transfer or transport
• My intention here is that in having a law... ...for Texas that should future administrations return us
• Leadership at the governor level, and it's completely different dealing with their secretary of security
• With that, members, without any other business to come before the Senate Committee on Border Security

Bills: SB36, SB2202, SB 36

Keywords: homeland security, border security, critical infrastructure, Department of Public Safety, intelligence operations, public-private partnerships, SB 2202, firearm trafficking, gun trafficking, terrorism, foreign terrorist organization, Texas-Mexico border, United Mexican States, Mexico, DPS, second-degree felony, weapons transfer, illegal firearms transfer, arms smuggling, cross-border crime

Transcript Highlights:

• . transportation and water systems.
• But as far as related to border security...
• I'm the Governor's Homeland Security Advisor.
• Thank you. directly involving Homeland Security in Texas.
• They all drive and use these corridors for transportation.

Bills: SB36, SB2202, SB 36

Keywords: homeland security, border security, critical infrastructure, Department of Public Safety, intelligence operations, public-private partnerships, SB 2202, firearm trafficking, gun trafficking, terrorism, foreign terrorist organization, Texas-Mexico border, United Mexican States, Mexico, DPS, second-degree felony, weapons transfer, illegal firearms transfer, arms smuggling, cross-border crime

Transcript Highlights:

• The Committee on Appropriations, Transportation and Technology is called to order.
• They have a transportation tax.
• They have a transportation tax.
• This is not an anti-public transportation bill.
• Transportation 2050 in 2015 was approved by Phoenix voters.

Bills: SB1088, SB1156, SB1157, SB1169, SB1245, SB1273, SB1330, SB1332, SB1391, SB1498, SB1531, SB1550, SB1598, SB1677, SB1707, SB1811, SB1818

Keywords: cybersecurity, homeland security, artificial intelligence, state appropriation, VPN security, zero trust, appropriation, public safety, detention, unauthorized aliens, local government funding, border security, fencing, appropriations, southern border, local government, medical education, physician shortage, healthcare funding, Arizona health care

Summary: The committee heard and acted on several appropriation and policy bills, beginning with SB 1550, which would provide $1.255 million to Queen Creek for a three-year police pilot focused on runaway youth prevention, at-risk youth protection, and anti-trafficking investigations. Supporters said the program would dedicate trained officers to prevention and rapid response and could serve as a statewide model. Some members objected to funding a single locality without a local cost share, but the bill received a do pass recommendation, 7-2-1. Members then considered SB 1156 and SB 1157, both sponsored as reimbursements to local governments for border-related costs. SB 1156 would appropriate $20 million to reimburse cities, towns, and counties for short-term detention holds for unauthorized non-citizens, while SB 1157 would appropriate $20 million for supplemental fencing or bollard walls in high-crossing border areas. The sponsor described both as backfilling local expenses already incurred, while opponents argued the measures would subsidize detention and border enforcement rather than Arizona priorities. Both bills drew extensive public opposition and were advanced on party-line-leaning votes: SB 1156 passed 5-3-2 and SB 1157 passed 5-3-2. The committee also approved SB 1245, which would provide $2.457 million for Rodeo Road pavement replacement in Williams, after the sponsor said the request had been reduced from the original amount. Members raised concerns about limited HIRF funding and the need for local participation, but the bill passed 6-3-1. SB 1707, a $5 million appropriation for DPS artificial intelligence tools related to border security, also passed 6-4-0 after testimony split between supporters who saw AI as a useful border tool and opponents who said the bill was too vague or unnecessary. SB 1811, which would change school cell-phone policy language from allowing use “during” an emergency to “in the case of” an emergency, passed 8-1-1 with supporters saying it would give schools more flexibility and avoid logistical problems during lockdowns. Later, the committee approved SB 1088, a $2.5 million cybersecurity appropriation for the Department of Homeland Security, including funding for generative AI security and modernization of the statewide VPN, despite objections that the department had not requested the money and that other cybersecurity needs were already pending. It then advanced SB 1332, as amended, to require ADOT to study light rail expansion in Maricopa County and compare it with autonomous or semi-autonomous transit options; the hearing featured strong testimony from small business owners along the Indian School corridor who said light rail construction would hurt access and sales, and opposition from Phoenix/Valley Metro representatives who argued transit decisions are local and that ADOT is not the right entity to conduct the study. The bill was discussed at length as a neutral feasibility review rather than a prohibition after the amendment removed the state-participation ban.

Transcript Highlights:

• It is a secure system.
• A lot of these products have security risks.
• I maintain that if we really want to be serious about transportation, we need to focus on having transportation
• I maintain that if we really want to be serious about transportation, we need to focus on having transportation
• . serious about transportation, but we need to focus on having transportation pay for itself.

Bills: SB1072, SB1111, SB1114, SB1116, SB1122, SB1179, SB1250, SB1308, SB1455, SB1456, SB1457, SB1487, SB1547, SB1549, SB1551, SB1552

Keywords: reimbursement rates, intellectual disabilities, community services, economic security, funding appropriations, automated license plate readers, law enforcement, privacy, data access, public records, behavioral health, patient brokering, appropriation, state funds, Maricopa County, claims review, medical necessity, American Indian health program, healthcare regulations, healthcare

Summary: The committee first approved the February 3, 2026 minutes and reordered the agenda to accommodate sponsors and speakers. SB 1114, which would appropriate $1 million to the Maricopa County Attorney’s Office to investigate behavioral health patient brokering statewide, was presented as a response to Medicaid fraud and exploitation of vulnerable Native American patients. After brief questions about why Maricopa County would handle statewide oversight, the bill received a do pass recommendation on a 9-0 vote with one member not voting. The committee then took up SB 1111, as amended by a strike-everything amendment regulating automated license plate readers. The amendment limited use to specified law enforcement purposes, required verification of alerts when feasible, imposed data-retention and handling responsibilities on agencies, and created a misdemeanor penalty for unauthorized release of data. Supporters from Phoenix, Tempe, Prescott Valley, the Arizona Chiefs of Police, and the Arizona Sheriffs’ Association argued the bill provides needed statewide guardrails while preserving a valuable investigative tool for missing persons, stolen vehicles, and serious crimes. Opponents from the ACLU, Institute for Justice, and private citizens raised privacy and Fourth Amendment concerns, warning about dragnet surveillance, unclear terms like “legitimate” law enforcement purposes, lack of public access to records, and the risk of misuse for immigration or abortion-related tracking. The committee adopted the amendment and then gave SB 1111 as amended a do pass recommendation on a 7-2 vote, with one not voting. Next, SB 1116, as amended, was approved. The bill requires appeals or adverse determinations on behavioral health claims under AHCCCS fee-for-service to be reviewed by someone with relevant clinical experience, and the amendment broadened the requirement to include medical-necessity denials and specified at least two years of similar clinical experience. Senator Werner said the measure was intended to curb inappropriate denials and improve payment for behavioral health providers serving Native communities. Access was neutral but said the bill’s terms were too broad and could require additional staff; the committee nonetheless adopted the amendment and passed the bill 10-0. Finally, SB 1122, as amended, was approved 10-0. The bill bars AHCCCS from requiring prior authorization for behavioral health services under the American Indian Health Plan, while the amendment prohibited 100% prepayment review and adjusted the corrective-action language. Senator Werner and provider representatives said the measure was needed because providers were being delayed or denied payment, contributing to closures, workforce shortages, and patient brokering. The committee then began hearing SB 1072, a major appropriation to increase reimbursement rates for home- and community-based services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, with testimony focused on severe caregiver shortages, overtime costs, and unassigned service authorizations.

Transcript Highlights:

• And recommendations that the chairman of TxDOT has provided with the administration that we're also following
• As of today, we have secured a resolution of support from Maverick County, and we've also had resolutions
• Beyond transportation concerns, enforcement agencies have highlighted that the poor road conditions limit
• If we were to look at this from a perspective of border security and law enforcement, this is exactly
• It acknowledges the importance of the security and efficiency of the canal to ensure that trade remains

Bills: HB 1026, SCR37

Keywords: transportation, Farm-to-Market Road, highway designation, Texas Transportation Commission, state highway system, SCR 37, Senate Concurrent Resolution, Panama Canal, Texas ports, port infrastructure, maritime trade, shipping lanes, supply chain resilience, global commerce, exports, LNG, liquefied natural gas, crude oil, refined petroleum, agriculture

Bills: HB447, HB447

Keywords: HB447, school buses, student transportation, public schools, local boards of education, dual enrollment, career technical education, CTE, community college, trade school, technical college, offsite educational venues, student access, transportation policy, school bus law, Alabama education law, Montgomery County, probate court, judge of probate, will registration

Transcript Highlights:

• Welcome back to Military Affairs and Border Security. We've got a new Mr.
• The Military Affairs and Border Security Committee minutes of February 2, 2026, are approved.
• I'm more than happy to go talk to the veterans administration.
• of Transportation, has been addressing.
• He worked in security. So what he did is, well, now's a good time for me to retire.

Bills: SB1232, SB1421, SB1505, SB1511, SB1520, SB1803

Keywords: outdoor advertising, military compatibility, zoning, electronic signage, permitting, undocumented immigrants, financial services, identification requirements, loans, foreign remittances, transitional housing, military, veterans, grant program, supportive services, SB1511, commercial driver license, CDL, nondomiciled CDL, nondomiciled commercial driver license

Summary: The committee first took up Senate Bill 1803, which would regulate non-accredited assistance with veterans’ benefits claims by requiring disclosures, fee limits, written agreements, and Attorney General enforcement. The sponsor and supporters argued the bill creates needed guardrails against predatory actors while preserving veterans’ choice to use free or paid help. Opponents, including the VFW and American Legion, said the bill still conflicts with federal accreditation rules and should require accreditation rather than create a separate state framework; a VA-accredited attorney also raised preemption and unauthorized-practice concerns. After extensive testimony, the committee adopted an amendment and advanced SB 1803 on a 5-2 vote. The committee then heard Senate Bill 1232, a strike-everything amendment dealing with outdoor advertising signs in a military compatibility overlay area near Luke Air Force Base. The bill was presented as a narrow fix for a property owner whose billboard permit had been denied because of zoning technicalities, with testimony that ADOT, the county, and the base had been involved and did not oppose the clarification. Some members expressed concern about whether the measure was too tailored and about ADOT’s absence, but the bill was amended and passed 4-3, with several members reserving the right to change their votes on the floor. Finally, the committee heard Senate Bill 1511, which would prohibit operating a commercial motor vehicle in Arizona without proof of lawful presence and authorize impoundment of the vehicle and cargo if the operator cannot provide it. The sponsor framed the bill as a public-safety and liability measure tied to commercial trucking, citing concerns about accidents, contraband, and shell companies. The transcript ends during the presentation of SB 1511, before any vote or final action on that bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• created compliance issues for some of the counties. ...and do not quite reflect the range of administrative
• Rather, it provides counties with an option to align reporting relationships with their administrative

Bills: HB4458, SB651, SB1227, SB1931

Keywords: veterans, service members, military transition, Texas Veterans Commission, pilot program, self-reliance, employment assistance, housing assistance, mental health services, career training, veterans service organizations, spouses and dependents, military families, Texas military forces, post-separation support, reentry services, workforce development, benefits navigation, transition assistance, SB 651

Transcript Highlights:

• An amendment was added in the House, uh, with the support of the election administrators, and they raised
• The election administrators brought this to the house because the law was kind of fuzzy before.
• adjusted, things like that, and, and normally some minor noncontroversial matters of judicial administration

Bills: SB 53, SB 54, HB16, SB 19

Keywords: voter registration, election procedures, provisional ballot, change of address, residence requirements, Texas Election Code, voting rights, judicial administration, court reform, juvenile diversion, court security, mental health services, drug offenses, constitutional amendments, political contributions, special legislative session, election code, transparency, campaign finance, election law

Transcript Highlights:

• Chairman, members, for the opportunity to present House Bill 3821. rely on SH-130 for transportation.
• Veterans rely on SH 130 for transportation for vital VA services such as specialized medical care Like
• This instructs the Transportation Commission to create a new funding category in the a unified transportation
• plan for border security to establish international trade corridors connecting our U.S.
• An important point to make is that CapMetro does not deliver transportation services in Lago Vista.

Bills: HB483, HB3345, HB3643, HB3821, HB3849, HB4472, HB4523, HB4524, HB5346, HB5347, HB5376

Keywords: high-speed rail, Texas Department of Transportation, TxDOT, public-private partnership, comprehensive development agreement, CDA, Interstate 35, I-35 corridor, Dallas, Waco, Austin, San Antonio, intercity passenger rail, rail infrastructure, private entity, transportation infrastructure, rail corridor, passenger rail, infrastructure finance, vehicle registration

Transcript Highlights:

• Subcommittee on Transportation. Funding to all those wishing to testify in person today.
• House Bill 4523 amends Section 21.105 of the Transportation Code by adding Subsection C, which makes
• Subsection B-3 states that when the Texas Department of Transportation approves the loan or grant, the
• Subcommittee on Transportation. Funding to all those wishing to testify in person today.
• The Texas Department of Transportation approves the loan or grant.

Bills: HB483, HB3345, HB3643, HB3821, HB3849, HB4472, HB4523, HB4524, HB5346, HB5347, HB5376

Keywords: high-speed rail, Texas Department of Transportation, TxDOT, public-private partnership, comprehensive development agreement, CDA, Interstate 35, I-35 corridor, Dallas, Waco, Austin, San Antonio, intercity passenger rail, rail infrastructure, private entity, transportation infrastructure, rail corridor, passenger rail, infrastructure finance, vehicle registration