Transcript Highlights:

• It's deeper, and so we added that extra 5% to really encourage them to utilize the additional services
• We had our first request from a public utility on June 20th.
• We set up Senate Bill 169 at the site readiness, identifying other utilities and infrastructure needs
• Then they would be able to utilize it after the age of 18, after a financial literacy component, and
• It's something for people who have the money to be able to put it in and invest and utilize it.

Transcript Highlights:

• effectively like I look at aircraft carriers: they're generational ships that can be used and were not utilized
• But I do applaud the effort of making this less-used space utilized for residential purposes, so I'll
• working off of legislation that we passed last session, is that it is going to require the Public Utility
• Then also the Public Utility Commission... ...must adopt those rules, as we discussed with Senator Schwertner
• Importantly, the amendment activates this by utilizing ...an existing section of 545 of the Transportation

Summary: The Senate took up and passed Senate Bill 945, which concerns political shareholder proposals by insurers and insurance holding companies. Senator Hughes argued the bill would protect Texas-based insurers from activist shareholder pressure, especially proposals aimed at limiting insurance coverage for oil and gas companies for ESG or political reasons. The motion to suspend the regular order was adopted over objection, and SB 945 passed to engrossment on a 20-10 vote with one present not voting. The chamber also passed Senate Bill 1117, allowing any Texas-licensed dentist to administer botulinum toxin in oral or maxillofacial regions for aesthetic purposes, and House Joint Resolution 98, renewing Texas’s application for an Article 5 Convention of States to propose amendments on fiscal restraints, federal power limits, and term limits. Both measures advanced after debate and roll-call votes; SB 1117 passed unanimously after suspension of the three-day rule, and H.J.R. 98 was adopted on a 17-14 vote. Members then approved several other measures, including the committee substitute for House Bill 142 on HHSC’s Office of Inspector General and Medicaid overpayment recovery, Senate Bill 2373 on AI-enabled financial fraud and deepfake/phishing schemes, Senate Bill 2221 on fraudulent UCC financing statements, and Senate Bill 2681 on the basis for third-party voter-registration challenges. The Senate also adopted a resolution authorizing a Texas Life Monument replica at the Capitol complex, and passed S.J.R. 59 creating funds for Texas State Technical College capital needs. The body debated and passed Senate Bill 946, which would bar credit discrimination against organizations based on social, political, religious, or similar value-based considerations and require credit decisions to rest on creditworthiness. Senators raised concerns that the bill could create a special protected class for non-human entities or conflict with existing state policies, but the bill advanced to engrossment on a 20-11 vote. The Senate also passed Senate Bill 2477 to ease office-to-residential conversions in large cities after adopting an amendment negotiated with municipal stakeholders, and began consideration of Senate Bill 715 on ERCOT reliability requirements for generators, including existing generation, with extensive debate over impacts on renewables, power purchase agreements, and grid reliability.

Transcript Highlights:

• This is Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, and Carbon Dioxide Removal Technologies.
• From the resource utilization standpoint, what I want to say is that, yes, in the **BCP**, we indicated
• Last year, we were just working out one issue on utilization data and session data with the industry.
• Again, there was a sticking point on some utilization sessions.
• There are obviously a lot of things that happen, like utility interconnection and permitting.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• and the Wyoming between our utilities and the Wyoming Energy<04:04:01.920> Authority.
• multilateral agreements among utilities multilateral agreements among utilities that<04:05:14.800
• utilities before we filed the bill. utilities before we filed the bill.
• , municipal utilities, the Public Service Commission, and the Office of the Consumer Advocate.
• , municipal utilities, the Public Service Commission, and the Office of the Consumer Advocate.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And it gives local utility operators more time to property-locate and mark those lines.
• The bill also requires coordination with utility operators before construction starts, so we can require
• and clearly labeled on utility bills.
• I've met with some utility providers as well as lobbyists.
• Met with some utility providers as well as lobbyists.

Summary: The Senate Commerce Committee met on May 13 with a quorum present and approved the prior meeting minutes. The committee then heard and advanced a series of House bills, many of them described as modernization or consumer-protection measures. HB 555, as amended, expands the definition of financial exploitation under the Protection of Eligible Adults from Financial Exploitation Act, adds training and transaction-delay provisions for financial institutions, and was reported favorably after technical and substantive amendments. HB 1166 creates a disclosure form for vacant residential property transactions and was also reported favorably. HB 267, which changes how candidates for the Louisiana Board of Home Inspectors are submitted to the governor, and HB 1195, which updates rules and penalties for athletic contests, exhibitions, and sports-agent/NIL regulation, were each moved favorably without objection. The committee also advanced several licensing and regulatory bills. HB 917 modernizes life safety and property protection licensing by reducing burdens on some employees and moving to a three-year license cycle; it was reported favorably. HB 1230 overhauls Louisiana’s money transmission laws, replacing older statutes with a new framework for digital payments and stronger consumer protections; a technical amendment was adopted and the bill was reported as amended. HB 1103, described as opening Louisiana for business in certain commerce areas, was reported favorably. HB 478 requires utility bills to clearly label and reimburse overcharges within 90 days and was reported favorably. HB 1096 gives electric cooperatives an opt-out from a prior law allowing boards to amend bylaws without member approval, and HB 921 modernizes private security licensing while restoring penalties for unlicensed activity; both were reported favorably, with HB 921 amended. HB 548 adds CPA licensure pathways to help address shortages, especially in rural areas, and was also reported favorably. Several bills drew more extensive discussion. HB 670 would promote wood pellet manufacturing and related workforce development; supporters argued it could create jobs and help manage timber waste, while an opponent warned about pollution, environmental violations, and the risks of biomass facilities. Committee members raised concerns about permitting and environmental oversight, but the bill was ultimately reported favorably, with discussion of possible follow-up with DEQ. HB 259, dealing with BEAD broadband projects, extends notice requirements before excavation, requires coordination with utility operators, and addresses damage reimbursement; an amendment was adopted and the bill was reported as amended. HB 848 clarifies repair obligations for ATV and golf cart sellers, aiming to ensure consumers have meaningful repair access and to level the playing field between small dealers and big-box retailers; it was reported favorably after questions about enforcement and service requirements. The committee also heard HB 672 and HB 670 as economic-development measures tied to brick manufacturing and wood pellets, respectively, and both were moved favorably. At the end of the meeting, the chair announced that remaining bills would be carried over to the following week, and the committee adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's supported by utility fees.
• It's supported by utility fees. this is to outsource lab testing for radiation levels it's supported
• by utility fees and B aid is the last letters from the Department of Education Division of Higher Education
• The letter says it is to maximize the utilization of appropriation provided. Any questions?
• to ensure that the operating expenses would be covered for any building maintenance or, you know, utilities

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• They talk about the lack of coverage from national laboratories, and Southwest Labs is utilizing our
• It's all the shipment system utilizing UPS or FedEx.
• Madam, Tricor actually utilizes our courier system in this particular scenario.
• Tricor actually utilizes our courier system in this particular scenario because they do not serve as
• So if you utilize the entire Medicaid population under the current system, under the current billable

Keywords: 996, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The funding is going to come from the utilities. Yes. You good? Okay. Any other questions?
• And if you read the rule, there is nothing in the rule that requires the utilities to pay for this.
• All we heard about what it does for regulated industries, what it does for utilities.
• Next, we'll hear from Chris Dawson with the Clay County Utility Authority.
• are going to pay, but there's no requirement in here for the utilities to pay.

Summary: The Committee on Environment and Natural Resources met with a quorum present and took up several environmental bills and one confirmation. First, the committee considered SB 1422 on surface waters, which was amended with a strike-all focused on coral reef protection and designation of coral reefs as critical natural infrastructure. Senator Garcia described the amendment as a way to support restoration, disaster resilience, and access to federal funding; Audubon Florida waived in support. The committee adopted the amendment and then reported CS for SB 1422 favorably. The committee next considered SPB 7034, a DEP rule ratification concerning the Lower Santa Fe and Ichetucknee River minimum flows and levels and recovery strategy. Senator Rodriguez explained the rule would replace prior MFLs and allow longer permits, while opponents from the Florida Springs Council and local river advocates argued the plan relies too heavily on one future wastewater reuse project, delays restoration, and lacks a clear funding source. DEP and JEA waived in support. After debate, the committee approved the motion to submit the proposal as a committee bill; the measure was favorably reported, with Senator Smith voting no. The committee then heard SB 1510 on DEP-related matters, as amended. The strike-all addressed Outstanding Florida Springs B-MAP mediation plans, septic system upgrades where sewer is unavailable, rural cost-share eligibility, notice to property owners, rulemaking procedures, and land acquisition governance, while removing biosolids and fee provisions. Florida Springs Council opposed the 60-day delay for B-MAP effectiveness, saying it could slow restoration and allow more conventional septic systems to be installed before stricter requirements take effect. DEP and others supported the bill. The committee reported CS for SB 1510 favorably. It also heard SB 1196 on waste facilities, which would prohibit new ash-producing incinerators and waste-to-energy facilities within two miles of certain federally authorized water impoundment areas, with an amendment narrowing the bill to Miami-Dade and Broward County. Supporters, including the City of Miramar, said it would protect water resources and Everglades restoration; opponents from the Florida Waste-to-Energy Coalition warned it would limit local solid waste options and could force more landfilling. The committee adopted the amendment and reported CS for SB 1196 favorably. Finally, the committee considered SB 912 on battery collection and recovery, establishing a battery stewardship program and requiring producers and retailers to join a stewardship organization by 2028. Supporters from the battery industry and recycling sector said the bill would reduce fires and keep batteries out of the waste stream. The committee adopted the amendment and reported CS for SB 912 favorably. The committee also recommended confirmation of Gary Jennings to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, and then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• Users would be eligible for 20-year or longer permits, which for utilities can result in lower interest
• The funding is going to come from the utilities. Yes. You good? Okay. Any other questions?
• And if you read the rule, there is nothing in the rule that requires the utilities to pay for this.
• Next, we'll hear from Chris Dawson with the Clay County Utility Authority, waving in support.
• in here for the utilities to pay.

Bills: S0912, S1196, S1422, S1510, S7034

Keywords: battery collection, battery stewardship, environment, recycling, hazardous waste, waste management, regulation, environmental protection, facilities, hazardous materials, coral reefs, natural resource, climate change, coastal flooding, solar facilities, wastewater treatment, nutrient reduction, land conservation, water conservation, Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Summary: The Environment and Natural Resources Committee met with a quorum and took up several environmental bills and one appointment. SB 1422, as amended by a strike-all focused on coral reef protection and designating coral reefs as critical natural infrastructure, was reported favorably after support from Audubon Florida was noted. The committee then considered SPB 7034, a DEP rule ratification related to minimum flows and levels for the Lower Santa Fe and Ichetucknee Rivers and associated recovery strategy; witnesses from the Florida Springs Council and local river advocates criticized the plan as too delayed and too dependent on a single future water project, while committee members raised questions about funding and utility responsibility. Despite concerns, the committee approved the bill as a committee bill, with Senator Smith voting no. The committee next heard SB 1510, as amended, which made technical changes to DEP-related provisions including B-MAP notice and timing, septic system requirements in Florida Springs areas, biosolids, fees, land acquisition, and rulemaking procedures. The main public testimony came from the Florida Springs Council, which opposed the 60-day delay for B-MAP effectiveness as harmful to spring restoration, while DEP and others supported the measure. The bill was reported favorably. The committee also considered SB 1196, a targeted siting bill restricting new ash-producing incinerators or waste-to-energy facilities within two miles of large federally authorized water impoundment areas, with an amendment narrowing the practical effect to Miami-Dade and Broward counties. Supporters, including the City of Miramar, argued it would protect water resources and communities; opponents from the Florida Waste-to-Energy Coalition argued it would limit local waste-disposal options and could force more landfilling. The bill was reported favorably. Finally, the committee heard SB 912, the Safe Battery Collection and Recovery Act, which would require battery stewardship organizations and related recycling plans to keep batteries out of the waste stream. Industry and recycling representatives supported the bill, citing growing battery volumes and fire risks at recycling facilities. The committee also recommended confirmation of Gary Jennings to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. All measures were approved favorably except that Senator Smith voted against SPB 7034; the meeting then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• This slide highlights the specifics in how we are utilizing this appropriation.
• core faculty are dictated by accreditation requirements, and we abide by those, and this is how we utilize
• I just wanted to point out that there are four key guidelines that the funds were to be utilized for:
• So, we're putting these controls in place to make sure that we are appropriately utilizing the funds,
• I want to remind everyone, to the point made earlier, that we have until 2027 to utilize these funds.

Transcript Highlights:

• It also directs DBPR to create a standardized disciplinary form and database to be utilized by local
• Since then, rural counties have seen a significant increase in the number of utility-scale solar facilities
• I am willing, and have been willing for two years, to sit down with the utilities on this issue to try
• I am willing, and have been willing for two years, to sit down with the utilities on this issue to try
• to To sit down with the utilities on this issue to try to find a place where counties can have some

Summary: The Committee on Regulated Industries met with a quorum and heard several bills, with SB 1742 on condos temporarily postponed. SB 1298 on building construction was reported favorably after sponsor testimony about continuing education for building professionals, rural sharing of building officials, residential inspector limits, a planning examiner internship, permitting modernization, and contractor transition liability. SB 638 on home inspectors was also reported favorably after discussion of increasing required education from 120 to 200 hours, adding subject-specific exam and course requirements, and requiring $300,000 in errors and omissions insurance. SB 960 on elevator accessibility requirements was reported favorably, allowing additional shorter support rails in elevators while keeping the existing 42-inch rail requirement. The committee also unanimously recommended confirmation of a block of board and commission appointees. The committee adopted amendments and reported favorably CS/SB 940 on third-party restaurant reservation platforms, aimed at stopping bots and unauthorized resale of restaurant reservations; the Florida Restaurant and Lodging Association and Booking Holdings supported the bill, and members discussed how the measure would preserve direct restaurant-platform relationships like OpenTable and Resy while targeting third-party marketplaces that resell reservations. CS/SB 196 on foods containing vaccines or vaccine materials was reported favorably after amendments that defined mRNA vaccine use and added a cosmetics-related amendment addressing harmful chemicals such as PFAS, phthalates, formaldehyde-releasing agents, and mercury compounds; the Florida Retail Federation raised concerns but said it was working with the sponsor. CS/SB 1418 on heated tobacco products was reported favorably after an amendment clarifying the definition of heated tobacco products and excluding hookah, with support from the Florida Retail Federation and comments that the bill would distinguish these products from cigarettes for tax purposes. The committee also adopted a strike-all amendment and reported favorably CS/SB 1262 on construction contracting, which adds consumer protection and financial literacy topics to contractor continuing education, increases penalties for unlicensed contracting, creates a standardized disciplinary reporting system, and requires timely refunds and project completion standards; the Florida Home Builders Association supported the measure. Finally, CS/SB 1304 on solar facilities was reported favorably after extensive testimony from county commissioners and local officials supporting greater local oversight and decommissioning requirements for utility-scale solar on agricultural land; the bill would remove the current statewide by-right treatment for solar on agricultural land and authorize counties to adopt decommissioning ordinances. The meeting ended with members recording additional affirmative votes on selected bills and adjourning.

Transcript Highlights:

• Let's go ahead and take up Tab 1 for SB 88 on utility terrain vehicles by Senator Wright.
• Is there a speed limit in which the, or a maximum speed or a minimum speed, which the utility terrain
• So there are just different ways that you can utilize those machines.
• And then we are projecting to see 24% growth in trade, transportation, utilities by 2030.
• in trade, transportation, utilities by 2030.

Summary: The Transportation Committee met and first considered SB 88, which would allow local governments to authorize utility terrain vehicles (UTVs) on certain low-speed county roads and municipal streets, with limits on who may operate them and where they may travel. An amendment from Sen. Wright was adopted to require minimum motor vehicle insurance, keep a registration certificate in the vehicle, and delay the effective date to January 1, 2026 for implementation. The bill drew mixed testimony: supporters said it would create a safe, locally controlled path for UTV use and reflect how the vehicles are already being used, while opponents from the Recreational Off-Highway Vehicle Association and Florida Justice Association argued UTVs are designed for off-road use and lack the safety features needed for public roads. After debate, the committee reported CS/SB 88 favorably, with Sen. Davis voting no and several members expressing support while noting safety concerns for future work. The committee then heard SB 274, which designates a portion of International Drive in Orlando as Harris Rosen Way in honor of the late hotelier and philanthropist Harris Rosen. Sen. Arrington described Rosen’s business success and extensive charitable work in Central Florida, and the bill received supportive comments from committee members and a representative from UCF. The committee voted the bill favorably without opposition. The final item was a discussion on transportation workforce issues led by FDOT Secretary Jared Perdue, with remarks from Florida Transportation Builders Association president Dan Hurtado. Perdue said Florida’s growing transportation needs, an aging workforce, and projected retirements require a broader workforce strategy, including a proposed Transportation Academy, craft and trade programs, learning labs, and a transportation research institute. He said FDOT has already reduced vacancies through recruit-and-retain efforts and hiring events, but still needs more skilled workers. Hurtado said FTBA supports expanding workforce development efforts and noted the industry’s own Florida Connect Academy. No vote was taken on the workforce discussion, and the committee adjourned at the end of the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• CURRENTLY AND ESSENTIALLY SINCE THE PACE ORGANIZATION HAS BEEN SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN FLORIDA THE AGENCY UTILIZES
• WE WANT TO REQUIRE UTILIZATION INFORMATION AND UTILIZATION DATA BEING SUMMONED TO US AS WELL AS ADDITIONAL
• WILL HELP HAVE A MUCH CLEARER OVERTURN OF INVESTMENT BY INCREASING TRANSPARENCY AND BY INCREASING UTILIZATION
• >> Chair Trumbull: MEANING ARE THERE ADJUSTMENTS THE DEPARTMENT AS UTILIZING FOUR OTHER FUND AREAS THAT
• ARE SHIFTING AND NOT UTILIZING ALL OF THOSE RESOURCES.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• H. 727 also requires that any data center sign a contract with the utility.
• This large load contract, which must be approved and reviewed by the Public Utility Commission, Utility
• renewable power on site, and it includes Renewable power on site, and it includes a payment that the utility
• It sets out guardrails that the Public It sets out guardrails that the Public Utility Commission will

Keywords: 926, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Worker Appreciation Day at the State Capitol and to commend the men and women who serve Arkansas as utility
• But with that said, utility line workers, they work every day. They work hard every day to me.
• Utility line workers, they work hard every day to make sure that when we flip the switch, the lights
• Whereas the men and women who serve as utility line workers build and maintain electric, telephone, cable
• State Capitol and commend on behalf of their constituents the men and women who serve Arkansas as utility

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The utilities can pull the energy off the transmission line at different points.
• agriculture, and energy are themes that resonate with our faculty, students, and community, so we utilize
• It's not a national program, but it utilizes national monies to do it.
• We utilize these kinds of programs. to build our infrastructure and to enhance our research capabilities
• But basically, he's utilizing... students in his lab to look at new ways to produce energy.

Transcript Highlights:

• Um, when we utilize this program, we get a federal match, which actually means that we leverage other
• So, this is a unique way for us to utilize the resources we have to support our local grocers, our local
• unique way<00:07:01.520> for<00:07:01.840> us<00:07:02.080> to<00:07:02.479> utilize
• /c><00:07:02.800> the<00:07:03.039> resources<00:07:03.440> we way for us to utilize
• the resources we way for us to utilize the resources we have<00:07:03.759> to<00:07:04.000>

Keywords: 919, house, all

Summary: House File 1534, authored by Representative Keeler, was heard and amended with the A1 amendment, which was adopted without objection. The bill would move the Healthy Eating Here at Home/Market Bucks program from the Department of Humanities to the Department of Health and expand the nutrition incentive program from farmers markets to grocery stores, with the goal of helping SNAP recipients afford fresh fruits and vegetables year-round and leveraging federal matching funds. Representative Keeler said the proposal would better align food insecurity work with health outcomes and support both local consumers and local grocers. The Minnesota Grocers Association testified in support, describing the bill as an expansion of a successful program that would help low-income shoppers and provide added support to retailers, especially small businesses facing rising costs. A testifier, Tamara Walter, also supported the bill as a SNAP recipient and Market Bucks user, saying the program helps her family afford healthier food and that winter access to fresh produce is especially important because of diabetes and celiac disease in her household. There was no public testimony in opposition and no member discussion. The committee then laid the bill over for possible inclusion in an omnibus bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• utilization under that plan. utilization under that plan.
• We ran a hot spotting type program and we found no impact on cost or utilization.
• And MIT randomized control utilization.
• <03:18:06.880> of health services, but just utilization of health services, but just utilization
• This is when utilization their slides.

Keywords: 916, all

Transcript Highlights:

• any general fund savings on utilities any general fund savings on utilities gets<01:11:44.080>
• as they have reductions in their utility as they have reductions in their utility cost,<01:11:56.080
• This is to make it so we don't pay as much in utility bills, right?
• It's primarily what we charge other state agencies that utilize the services.
• charge other state agencies that utilize the<01:28:27.120> services.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The meeting began with approval of partial minutes, with members noting that DHS/HHS material was not yet included and that the minutes would be finalized later. The committee then heard from the General Court about several dedicated funds. Testimony explained the Joint Legislative Historical Fund, which receives a $25,000 annual general fund appropriation and transfers from visitor center sales above a $50,000 threshold, and is used for portrait maintenance, chamber work, Hall of Flags upkeep, and other historical preservation needs. Members also discussed the preservation of the Civil War flags in the Hall of Flags, with the General Court stating the flags are monitored through annual high-definition photos and that no immediate stabilization project is planned. A question about Union cemeteries was raised but the witness said he had no knowledge of federal funding for them. The committee also reviewed the visitor center revolving fund and noted that the accounting presentation is confusing because transfers are netted out so the fund ends each year at $50,000. Members suggested the narrative should clearly identify the transfer amounts and actual revenue, and staff agreed to note that in future reporting. The General Court then described its special legislative account as a stability reserve for capital and emergency needs, citing past uses such as the plaza ADA renovation, the legislative parking garage, and moving operations to One Granite Place. Members asked about interest earnings and were told the account is held in the treasury and any interest goes to the general fund unless statute directs otherwise; no additional funding was recommended at this time. The Department of Administrative Services then presented the law enforcement memorial fund, explaining it is a long-standing leftover construction fund with a small balance that has not been needed because the New Hampshire Law Enforcement Memorial Officers Association privately funds memorial upkeep and plaques. Members discussed whether the state should transfer the remaining money to the nonprofit, but no decision was made; the department said it would research whether such a transfer is legally possible. The department also reviewed the former land conservation endowment fund, now moving to Fish and Game under House Bill 2, and explained that it primarily covers administrative costs, management fees, and investment losses for a long-term conservation program. Members asked about the fund’s large balance and the increase in expenses, and were told the fund is intended to last indefinitely and that future reporting will shift to Fish and Game.

Transcript Highlights:

• utilizes in the state EOC. utilizes in the state EOC.
• So I'd like to see more of that resource identification to be utilized.
• So you could call and to be utilized.
• like ports, utilities, things like ports, utilities, transportation<01:22:45.520> pathways,<01
• <01:26:14.159> costs help first offset high utility costs help first offset high utility costs

Keywords: 958, all

Summary: The committee met to adopt the minutes of the second meeting by voice vote, then heard an update focused on disaster preparedness, resiliency, response, and coordination among state agencies and partners. The chair emphasized avoiding duplication of resources and highlighted the importance of agriculture-related response issues, including animal evacuation, feed distribution, and the role of extension services during disasters. The Department for Public Health was invited to explain its role in emergency planning and response. Public Health described its Emergency Preparedness and Response Branch as the lead coordinating agency for Emergency Support Function 8, covering health and medical services under Kentucky’s emergency operations framework. Testimony outlined its broad responsibilities, including support for hospitals, morgues, local health departments, behavioral health, crisis counseling, suspicious package testing, disease outbreaks, and coordination with emergency management, EMS, transportation, and nonprofit and private partners. Officials also described the agency’s risk-assessment process, training and exercise programs, and deployed assets such as PPE caches, deployable communications, a federal medical station, a mobile treatment center, and alternate care support used in events like the eastern Kentucky floods and COVID-19. The agency also discussed funding through federal cooperative agreements for public health emergency preparedness and hospital preparedness, noting that these programs have evolved since 9/11 and have been shaped by major disasters and emerging threats. Officials said Kentucky’s funding has declined over time and that current awards are partially funded for the first time in the program’s history. They expressed support for efficiency if federal programs are consolidated, but cautioned that combining programs could risk further funding losses.