Transcript Highlights:

• We do have a specific chapter that handles the air, not coming up with a term, and I apologize, the air
• 27, Section 04.1, and striking that definition from that chapter, and then instead moving it to the
• definitions that are in Title 1, Chapter 1, Section 29, the general definitions.
• Specifically in a chapter or in a section or in a title.
• To be eligible to enter into an agreement with the board to participate in the chapter, the eligible

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The committee was called to order, a quorum was established, and the minutes from the prior meeting were approved. The first major presentation came from Montana Public Employees Retirement System executive director William Hollahan, who gave an overview of Montana’s Volunteer Firefighters’ Compensation Act plan. He explained that the plan covers volunteer firefighters in unincorporated areas, is funded by 5% of state fire insurance premium taxes, and currently serves 228 departments with about 2,936 active members and 1,242 retirees. He described eligibility rules, annual training and reporting requirements, benefit levels for partial and full pensions, disability, death, medical, and funeral benefits, and said the plan is actuarially sound with roughly $60 million in assets and a funded ratio slightly above 100%. Committee members asked about prior-service credit, whether EMS personnel are included, the effect on recruitment and retention, and whether expanding coverage would require a funding analysis; Hollahan said prior service is not credited, EMS is not currently included, and any expansion would need financial review. Tim Walleen of Workforce Safety and Insurance then presented a draft North Dakota workers’ compensation solution for volunteer firefighters and volunteer EMS personnel. He explained that volunteer responders are already covered by workers’ comp for medical and wage-loss benefits, but the proposal would set a minimum annual wage of $30,000 for calculating wage-loss benefits for qualifying volunteers, with the benefit paid at two-thirds of that amount. Representative Porter suggested tying the volunteer definition to existing code rather than a fixed dollar amount, and Walleen agreed. Questions focused on whether search and rescue or other volunteer emergency services could be included, whether departments would face new paperwork, and whether volunteer organizations can already elect coverage; Walleen said there would be no additional paperwork and that volunteer coverage is already available. The committee also heard from volunteer fire service representatives and the state fire marshal. An Oakes-area firefighter, Mr. Olson, testified that small departments are struggling with retention, communication, and administrative burdens, especially around separate bookkeeping and funding rules for donated or fundraising money, and he said departments need clearer guidance from the state. State Fire Marshal Dr. Matthew Clark introduced himself and outlined a broader effort to improve education, support, and coordination for fire departments, including a planned 10% audit of certificates of existence beginning in 2027, more outreach through his office, and better assistance with training, reporting, and grant access. He said his office is authorized under current law to provide these services, but the role has been vague and underused. Finally, Arnagard Rural Fire District Chief Rick Schreiber testified in favor of new recruitment and retention ideas, including retirement-style benefits, health insurance, tax incentives, scholarships, grants, and more remote or regional training. He said volunteer departments are losing members, that local tax and donation funds are already stretched, and that any new retirement or incentive program should be sustainable and likely involve a mix of state and local support.

Transcript Highlights:

• incurred by a qualified production within the state that are subject to the general excise tax under chapter
• 237 at the highest rate of tax, or income tax under this chapter, if the costs are not subject to general
• 237 at the highest rate of tax, or income tax under this chapter, if the costs are not subject to general
• 237 at the highest rate of tax, or income tax under this chapter, if the costs are not subject to general
• 237 at the highest rate of tax, or income tax under this chapter, if the costs are not subject to general

Bills: SB2699

Keywords: fare-free transit, youth transportation, environmental tax, transit equity, public transit, Hawaii, 912, senate, all

Summary: The committee reconvened and first addressed SB 2699 on public transit/free transportation for young people. Members noted that the Committee on Transportation had already deferred the measure, and this committee said it would defer it as well before adjourning that brief reconvened session. The hearing then moved to SB 2373, which would establish a state goal to strengthen nature-based carbon emissions reduction solutions and authorize the Hawaii State Energy Office to develop methods to quantify carbon reductions from marine ecosystem restoration. The Energy Office said marine carbon sequestration was outside its expertise and asked to be removed from that portion of the bill, while DLNR and OPSD offered comments and said the work fit better with their areas, with DLNR saying it could take it on if properly resourced. Testimony included support from environmental groups, and committee discussion focused on which agency should lead and whether existing methodologies could be used. Next was SB 21001 on organic waste reduction and diversion. The Department of Health supported the intent but raised implementation concerns. Hawaii Farmers Union strongly supported the bill, arguing it would help build compost supply, improve soil health, and give counties time to develop infrastructure; they cited Vermont as a model and said the bill could extend landfill life and reduce methane. Members asked about the Vermont approach and the need for infrastructure before household-level diversion. The committee also heard SB 2905, which would increase the environmental response, energy, and food security tax and direct more revenue to the electric vehicle charging system subaccount. The Energy Office, PUC, and Tax Department offered comments; youth and clean transportation advocates strongly supported the bill as a way to expand charging access and meet EV adoption goals. A member questioned whether the proposed increase would outpace the state’s ability to deploy chargers, and PUC staff said the current annual appropriation is about $750,000 and that they could provide more data on an appropriate funding level. Additional measures were briefly taken up: SB 3231 on condominium maps and county zoning certification in A districts drew support from the Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity and the Hawaii Farm Bureau; SB 2486 on climate change drew comments from the Energy Office, Climate Commission, and OPSD, who said it duplicated existing climate planning and should include adaptation language; and SB 2376 on the renewable fuels production tax credit drew support from industry and agricultural groups, while the Energy Office and Tax Department raised concerns about the rollover provision and the scale of the credit. No final votes were recorded in the excerpt beyond the earlier deferral of SB 2699.

Transcript Highlights:

• When you look at page two, line 24, where electronic credential data is subject to chapter 13, are you
• telling the bar owner who you’re verifying all of a sudden you’re going to be under chapter 13 because
• 13 are you telling subject to chapter 13 are you telling the<00:10:26.000> bar<00:10:26.240><
• <00:10:31.720> 13<00:10:32.600> because<00:10:33.120> there to be under chapter
• 13 because there to be under chapter 13 because there might<00:10:33.440> be<00:10:33.560>

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• Today, we will review the administration spending plan for wildfire and forest resilience, Chapter 4,
• and Chapter 4 of Proposition 4.
• I think when you get into implementation, we generally try and look at it within each chapter.
• So it's really an overall bond thing, but we do look at It within each chapter as well.
• The chapter, but is not, as far as I saw in your proposal.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Moving enforcement under DNREC's existing Chapter 6 authority, and it requires DNREC and DSWA to submit
• Marissa McClinton, Sierra Club Delaware Chapter, Environmental Justice Organizer, here in support of
• Marissa McClinton, Sierra Club Delaware Chapter, Environmental Justice Organizer, here in support of
• Dustin Thompson, chapter director for the Sierra Club Delaware Chapter: "We're here in support of Senate
• Sierra Club Delaware Chapter, we're here in support of Senate Bill 326, which is a comprehensive approach

Bills: SB287

Keywords: solid waste, recycling, universal recycling, single-stream recycling, multifamily housing, apartment recycling, commercial recycling, waste diversion, recycling grants, low-interest loans, Delaware Recycling Fund, Delaware Solid Waste Authority, DNREC, waste hauler, curbside recycling, yard waste, source-separated recycling, pay-as-you-throw, extended producer responsibility, waste bans

Summary: The House Natural Resources and Energy Committee met and considered three Senate bills. SB 287 with Senate Amendment 2, a DNREC cleanup bill on recycling, would tighten recycling collection rules for haulers and commercial generators, require multifamily recycling education, repurpose the Delaware Recycling Fund, and add annual reporting; after brief questions and no public comment, the committee motion to release did not initially receive enough votes, so the bill was circulated for signatures. SB 346, which would speed Environmental Appeals Board hearing and decision timelines so DNREC secretary decisions become final if deadlines are missed, drew support from the Nature Conservancy and also failed to get enough votes at the meeting, so it too was circulated for signatures. The committee then took up SB 326, a major utility-regulation bill sponsored by Senator Hanson and Representative Heffernan that would cap certain non-mandatory utility spending, limit interim rates, increase oversight and transparency, and streamline rate-setting. SB 326 generated extensive testimony and debate. Supporters, including the Public Advocate, Sierra Club, PSC staff, and some legislators, argued that Delmarva Power’s spending on non-mandatory infrastructure has risen far faster than inflation, that the company is a regulated monopoly, and that the bill would help restrain future delivery-rate increases without harming reliability because mandatory reliability, storm response, and vegetation management spending would remain allowed. Opponents, including Delmarva Power, business groups, contractors, labor representatives, and the Delaware Contractors Association, argued the cap would delay needed reliability and capacity projects, hurt economic development, reduce jobs, and interfere with utility planning; they also said supply costs, not distribution spending, are the main driver of recent bill increases. After public comment and additional questioning, the committee voted to release SB 326 on a split roll call, but because several members were absent the bill was also walked for additional signatures. The committee then adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• And just as importantly, you will help write the next chapter in that history, in the bills that you
• We have a Chapter 70 formula that needs revision.
• in the past with Senator Lewis and Senator Comerford, we are committed to renewing examining that Chapter
• We have a Chapter 70 formula that needs revision.
• in the past with Senator Lewis and Senator Comerford, we are committed to renewing examining that Chapter

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The Senate convened for the opening day of the 194th General Court, with ceremonial remarks, an invocation, the Pledge of Allegiance, and the formal canvass of election returns. A special committee reported that all senators had been duly elected, and a committee was then appointed to notify the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and Governor’s Council that a quorum of senators-elect was assembled and ready to be sworn in. Governor Maura Healey and Lieutenant Governor Kim Driscoll addressed the chamber, praised public service, and administered the oaths of office to the senators. The main business of the day was the election of the Senate President. Senator Karen Spilka was nominated by Senator DiDomenico and seconded by Senator Edwards, while Senator Bruce Tarr was nominated by Senator Durant and seconded by Senator Dooner. After nominations were closed, the roll call resulted in 34 votes for Spilka and 5 for Tarr, and the Senate declared Spilka elected president. Senator Tarr then moved that the vote be considered unanimous, and the Senate agreed. President Spilka delivered an inaugural address focused on the chamber’s recent legislative record and priorities for the new session. In her remarks, Spilka highlighted prior accomplishments including education funding, free community college, early education reforms, mental health care reform, prescription drug cost reductions, tax relief, housing, transportation, climate, and veterans’ legislation. She also outlined priorities for the new session, including a statewide listening tour, more transparency in committee and joint committee proceedings, housing and transportation affordability, health care reform, career and technical education, early education, and juvenile justice reform. She emphasized continued bipartisan work and public engagement. The Senate also adopted temporary joint rules and temporary Senate rules, authorized printing of the daily journal, and scheduled the next meeting for the following day at 11:30 a.m. Michael D. Hurley was elected clerk of the Senate and sworn in, and James DiTulio was sworn in as Senate counsel. The chamber also adopted a memorial adjournment in memory of Mary J. Hurley of South Boston before adjourning.

Transcript Highlights:

• Chapter 35.02 relates to the initial incorporation of a city.
• Chapter 35.02 relates to the initial incorporation of a city, so it's independent of annexation, and
• Chapter 35.10 RCW addresses both the consolidation of two or more cities or towns or the annexing of
• Chapter 35.16 and 35A.16 relate to reducing city boundaries. Some call that de-annexation.
• Finally, Chapter 36.93 RCW relates to the boundary review boards.

Summary: The committee held a work session on local government issues, beginning with an update from the State Building Code Council on four legislatively mandated code amendments now in CR-102 rulemaking: temporary emergency shelters, reduced minimum dwelling unit size, multiplex housing up to three stories and six units, and single-exit apartment buildings up to six stories. Council staff also described a separate embodied-carbon appendix proposal that remains under public review, with testimony both supporting and opposing it. Members asked about the rationale for some of the code limits, including the restriction on connecting multiplex buildings. The committee then heard a panel on annexations from MRSC, Pierce County, and the Association of Washington Cities. Witnesses reviewed annexation methods, including petition, election, and interlocal agreement approaches, and said larger annexations are increasingly using interlocal agreements because they can address infrastructure, revenue sharing, and public process concerns. They described barriers such as inconsistent local standards, the cost of infrastructure, referendum risk, census requirements, and the difficulty of persuading residents and local officials to support annexation. Members asked about the five-year restriction on residential zoning changes in one annexation method and whether a hearing examiner could reduce political pressure on local decision-makers. A second panel discussed subdivision reform. The Master Builders Association urged raising the short-plat threshold within urban growth areas to 30 lots as a simpler first step, citing permitting delays and added housing costs. The City of Spokane described implementation problems with recent housing laws, including uncertainty about how to review plats under HB 1110, lot-splitting administration, and added notice requirements for unit lot subdivisions. AWC said there was broad agreement that subdivision decisions should be more administrative, but public hearings remained a point of disagreement. The committee also heard from FutureWise, the Washington State Association of Counties, and Lewis County on county development regulation and enforcement, with witnesses emphasizing underfunded code enforcement, inconsistent standards between counties and cities, and the need for better coordination, incentives, and possibly stronger enforcement tools. No votes were taken; the chair said the committee would continue working on possible solutions in future sessions.

Transcript Highlights:

• Civil service cities, uh, which are those that have adopted chapter 143 of the local government code,
• Chapter 143, uh, requires the following documents to be held in the personnel file.
• We would like to utilize these reports as part of an early warning system, but we are not a chapter 143
• The most important case that currently defines what is and is not secret in Chapter 143 cities is San
• So yes, sir, and in the occupations code chapter 1701, we get a list of what's in the personnel file,

Bills: SB 15

Keywords: law enforcement, department file, employee records, misconduct, confidentiality, Texas occupations code

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm the Chief Operating Officer for APAPA, representing 28 chapters throughout the state, and we strongly
• I'm also a member of the San Francisco chapter of PAPA. I am here in support of the AB 470.
• Hello, Carolyn Villarreal with the PAPA Solano County chapter. I'm in support of the AB 470 bill.
• Hello, my name is Alan Wei from Davis, Yolo County, the chapter of the PAPA and also a business owner
• I represent APAPA Elk Grove Chapter. I support AB 470. My name is Mary Lou.

Keywords: 988, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Additionally, language referencing Chapter 551 of the Government Code, which is the Open Meetings Act
• Additionally, language referencing Chapter 551 of the Government Code, which is the Open Meetings Act
• could respond and see benefit, especially on appointing a receiver or those types of things under Chapter
• I'm Kenneth Flippin, and I represent the Texas chapter of the U.S.
• This bill would remove the question of interlocal agreements in Chapter 36 for the use of these fees

Bills: HB29, HB685, HB1633, HB1689, HB1690, HB1918, HB2010, HB2500, HB2608, HB2626, HB29

Keywords: water audit, water loss, water loss mitigation plan, municipally owned utility, municipal utility, water conservation, Texas Water Development Board, TCEQ, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, water leakage, leak detection, billing data accuracy, utility validation, water audit validation, water scarcity, water management, infrastructure, public utility, conservation plan, administrative penalty

Transcript Highlights:

• appointing the executive director subject to Senate advice and consent for up to four years, exempt from Chapter
• appointing the executive director subject to Senate advice and consent for up to four years, exempt from Chapter
• include in the executive budget an equal amount to blank percent of the monies collected pursuant to Chapters
• <00:20:46.960> 237d<00:20:47.960> in collected pursuant to Chapters 237d in collected
• pursuant to Chapters 237d in the<00:20:48.240> most<00:20:48.440> recent<00:20:48.760>

Keywords: 912, senate, all

Summary: The joint Ways and Means and Judiciary committee met in decision-making mode and took up a long list of measures, mostly recommending passage with or without amendments. Early actions included S.B. 414, which was amended to blank the appropriation, draw funds from the major disaster fund, and change the effective date to 2050, and S.B. 223, which would require fire breaks in hazardous fire areas and create or expand wildland fire prevention and protection programs with blank appropriations for FY 2026 and 2027. The committee also advanced S.B. 1009 on state reserve parking space enforcement, S.B. 1149 on reported hate crime definitions and reporting, S.B. 402 on mooring-line requirements for certain vessels, S.B. 1441 on the Oahu regional health care system transfer, S.B. 1442 on child and adolescent mental health responsibilities, S.B. 1478 on harbor evacuation orders, and S.B. 493 on written notice for emotional support animal sales or verifications. Members generally raised little opposition, and most measures were adopted without reservations. Some bills drew brief discussion or committee-report notes, including S.B. 1149, which referenced a Hawaii Civil Rights Commission report encouraging policy-level hate crime data reporting, and S.B. 1442, which was amended with a far-future effective date and a committee-report note about whether mental health services should be expressly subject to funding. S.B. 1441 was substantially revised to require a memorandum of agreement between the Oahu Regional Health Care System and the Department of Health by November 30, 2025, with patient care to begin by December 31, 2025, and a report to the legislature before the 2026 session. The committee also considered several finance and energy-related measures. S.B. 897 on the wildfire liability trust fund prompted questions about whether costs would be passed to consumers; the response was that the proposal contemplated cost sharing and that some amounts were still blank. S.B. 1395 and S.B. 1396 were amended to remove special-fund structures, direct revenues into the general fund, and require the governor to include equivalent amounts in the executive budget for climate-related projects. S.B. 501 was amended to expand step-in agreement provisions for future PPAs and establish a fund outside the State Treasury, and S.B. 1589 was amended so private donations to the stadium authority would go into the NID special fund for stadium infrastructure and sod, with members discussing accountability and the source of stadium-related consultant spending. The committee adopted the recommendations on all measures considered, with some members noting reservations on a few bills, and one item, S.B. 1418, was deferred.

Transcript Highlights:

• House Joint Resolution 60, providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United
• House Joint Resolution 78, providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United
• House Joint Resolution 87, providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United
• congressional disapproval under chapter congressional disapproval under chapter 8<02:18:57.200><
• congressional disapproval under chapter congressional disapproval under chapter 8<03:37:42.239><

Keywords: U.S. House of Representatives Floor Proceedings on Tuesday, April 29, 2025, 1012, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Senate Bill 1214 amends Title 32, Chapter 32, relating to the practice of medicine.
• House Bill 2321, an act amending Title 8, Chapter 4, Article 4, adding Section 8-530.10 and amending
• House Bill 2408, amending Title 32, Chapter 16, relating to the Arizona State Board of Nursing.
• House Bill 2755, amending Title 37, Chapter 2, relating to state lands.
• House Bill 405, amending Title 15, Chapter 7, Article 1, relating to school curricula.

Summary: The Senate met, opened with prayer and the pledge, and then handled a series of messages and floor actions. The chamber transmitted a large group of Senate bills to the governor and Senate Concurrent Memorial 1004 to the Secretary of State. It also received House requests to return Senate Bills 1175 and 1198 for reconsideration, which were granted without objection. The Senate then moved into Committee of the Whole to consider several House concurrent resolutions. On H.C.R. 2001, a constitutional referral on election requirements, senators debated a Judiciary Committee amendment and a Hoffman floor amendment that would require voter ID, allow election-day tabulation of early ballots at polling places, and require legislative funding for implementation. Supporters said the measure would improve election security, voter confidence, and speed up results; opponents argued it was vague, could undermine mail voting, and lacked clear implementation details. The amendment was adopted, and after further debate the Committee of the Whole gave H.C.R. 2001 a do-pass recommendation by a 15-12 vote. Later, on third reading, the full Senate passed H.C.R. 2001 by a 16-12 vote and transmitted it to the House. The chamber also considered H.C.R. 2003, a referral on student athletics and biological sex. Senator Ortiz offered a floor amendment to replace the blanket ban approach with rules based on athletic ability and inclusion; supporters said it would preserve fairness while avoiding discrimination, while opponents said it would gut the measure and weaken protections for girls’ sports. The Ortiz amendment failed 11-16, and H.C.R. 2003 then received a do-pass recommendation in Committee of the Whole and later passed third reading. H.C.R. 2044, a referral on prohibiting preferential treatment and discrimination, also received a do-pass recommendation without recorded controversy. The Senate then adjourned after completing the remaining procedural motions and votes.

Transcript Highlights:

• Statute uh chapter Statute uh chapter 138<00:02:09.879> uh<00:02:10.000> to<00:02:
• I did mention there are specific functions outlined in Chapter 138, just to name a few.
• 138 just to name a outlined in chapter 138 just to name a few<00:02:57.319> uh<00:02:57.440><
• As Kent mentioned, historic sites are outlined in Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 138.
• It is all outlined in chapter 412 for statutory cities.

Bills: HF1234, HF1956, HF1025, HF1172, HF791

Keywords: payment transparency, public contracts, contractor rights, government accountability, construction payments, municipal finance, liquor store, audit requirements, state auditor, local government, historic flag, state flag, display standards, ceremonial, Minnesota Statutes, Ursa Minor, state symbol, Minnesota state laws, constellation, official state designation

Transcript Highlights:

• Moving on to the next item on the agenda, the DOA action on Chapter 20.
• the end of a legislative session the Department of Administration puts forward the amounts in the chapter
• Conclusion on what all acts and all actions of this committee should be reflected in the chapter 20 schedule

Keywords: 970, all

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm the Vice President of Government Affairs for the Texas chapter of the American Society of Landscape
• Pumpage fees under the chapter on permitted wells, such as public water supply systems, commercial, and
• The bill also repealed some other provisions that are inconsistent with Chapter 36 of the Water Code
• and the north do, which are charged much lower rates and charge rates that are more consistent with Chapter
• This is giving them standard Chapter 36 powers like every other district and a standard funding mechanism

Bills: HB5208, SB863, SB1243, SB1624, SB1965, SB2660, SB2702, SB2885

Keywords: water filtration, public drinking water, health and safety, well maintenance, water quality, Edwards Aquifer, water conservation, reclaimed water, aquifer storage, environmental protection, public utility agency, dissolution, local government, regulatory framework, municipal authority, Texas Water Bank, Texas Water Trust, water rights, water banking, instream flow

Transcript Highlights:

• This bill creates a new chapter in the property code, Chapter 223, titled Business Entity-Owned Residence
• Currently, Chapter 2258 of the Government Code governs the enforcement of prevailing wage laws. and publicly
• On behalf of the Lone Star Chapter Sierra Club, you're for the bill, is that correct?
• You're testifying on behalf of the Lone Star Chapter Sierra Club, and you're for the bill.

Bills: HB842, HB1907, HB2844, HB2892, HB3439, HB4211, HB4536, HB5111, HB5138, HB5182, HB5247, HB5269, HB5323, HB5435, HJR201, SB871, HB3896, SJR40

Keywords: power lines, Gulf Coast, weather-related outages, Public Utility Commission, infrastructure, government contracts, Chinese companies, information technology, cybersecurity, state regulations, food safety, mobile vendors, licensing, permitting exemptions, health inspections, nonprofit organizations, personal information, government disclosure, privacy, criminal penalties

Transcript Highlights:

• I am 22 years old and I proudly serve as a member of the Palm Beach Chapter, Florida You Shine, and as
• My name is [uncertain text], I'm 24 years old and I'm a member of the Palm Beach and Tallahassee chapters
• Members, this bill's primary focus is alignment of the juvenile prevention chapter of the statute.
• The current practices will serve as the first comprehensive revision of the chapter since its creation
• This chapter of statute sees redundancies and outdated terminology, misplaced sections, unnecessary definitions

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• amended the we do have some and we have a Christopher McCullough's deo and he's from the American chapter
• of the Florida chapter of the American College of Physicians. >> Good afternoon, everyone.
• Next, we'll hear from a crisp new in from the Florida chapter of the American College of Surgeons.
• Thank you. >> Next we'll hear from a doctor on Qasem Bansal and the Florida chapter of ACP. >> Thank
• I'm also president of the Florida chapter of the American College of Physicians.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• She is president of the Military Officers Association of America, California Council of Chapters, and
• She is president of the Military Officers Association of America, California Council of Chapters, and
• My name is Susan Gonzalez, and I'm a member of the Alameda MOA chapter.
• Steve Ansel, I'm from the Solano MOA chapter. I was also a contractor that hired 51 retirees.
• Commander's Veterans Council, the Military Officers Association of America, California Council of Chapters

Summary: The Assembly Committee on Revenue and Taxation held its second regular hearing of the 2025-26 session and announced that, under reinstated suspense-file rules, every bill on the agenda would be referred to suspense rather than voted on immediately. The committee first heard AB 53, which would create a state income tax exemption of up to $20,000 for military retirees and certain survivor benefits. Supporters, including veterans’ groups, military retirees, and local officials, argued California is the only state taxing military retirement pay in full and that the exemption would help retain veterans and their families. Committee members voiced strong support, but the bill was sent to suspense. The committee then heard several wildfire-related tax relief bills. AB 429 would exempt certain wildfire settlement payments from gross income for victims of fires from 2020 through 2026; the author and a Greenville fire victim described the burden of taxing settlement funds, and rural county and forestry groups supported the measure. AB 97 proposed similar relief for Bobcat Fire settlement payments, and AB 389 would create a personal income tax credit for home-hardening expenses in high fire-risk areas, with Cal Fire and realtor representatives supporting the bill as a way to reduce future losses. Each of these measures drew no formal opposition in the hearing and was referred to suspense. AB 386 would create a tax credit for employers that help full-time employees repay student loans, up to $3,000 per employee per year. Supporters said it would help recruit and retain workers and reduce student debt burdens, while the California Tax Reform Association opposed the bill because it lacked allocation criteria and would reduce General Fund and education revenues. Committee members expressed interest but asked for clearer eligibility standards, and the bill was sent to suspense. AB 490 would allow a deduction for interest paid on qualified personal vehicle loans; the author framed it as relief for families dependent on cars, but opposition again came from the tax reform group, which argued the deduction would mainly benefit higher-income taxpayers. The bill also went to suspense. The committee also heard AB 547, which would create a tax credit of up to $5,000 for IVF and other fertility-treatment expenses. The author and a witness who described a long and costly IVF journey said the credit would help families afford treatment and support parenthood; members responded sympathetically and asked why the proposal was structured as a tax credit rather than a health coverage mandate. Finally, AB 330 would extend the prepaid mobile telephony services collection act through 2031, preserving an 80-cent surcharge that supports 911 and local government revenues; local government representatives and cities supported the extension, and it too was referred to suspense. The hearing ended with the committee adjourning after all measures were held for suspense-file consideration.