Transcript Highlights:

• And it will truly, I think, improve outcomes in our K-12 grades.
• I'd like to move to vote separately on Adam Kissel.
• Any member who requests that, we will vote on separately?
• Yes, I think we should vote separately on all of the UWF appointees.
• Seeing no objection, we will vote separately on them.

Summary: The committee first took up a confirmation for UCF trustee reappointment candidate Mr. Christie, who described his long service on the board, his UCF business-school background, and his focus on strengthening UCF’s financial foundation, workforce alignment, and engineering and technology programs. Members praised his service and asked about UCF’s future direction, including its role in Florida’s space and engineering sectors. He was allowed to leave early for a meeting with the governor. The committee then heard the Higher Education Appropriations budget presentation for fiscal year 2025-26. The chair outlined a proposed $11.5 billion higher education budget emphasizing workforce education, Florida College System operations, career and technical education, the GATE program, nursing education through the Florida Center for Nursing, UF/IFAS agriculture technology, tutoring, autism and neurodevelopment services, student financial aid, and $250 million for state universities through the Board of Governors. Senator Davis asked about line grant flexibility, and the chair said a conforming bill would address details. The committee adopted a motion allowing technical corrections and then adopted the budget proposal as a recommendation to the full Appropriations Committee. The remainder of the meeting focused on confirmations for university boards, especially the University of West Florida, where several nominees were questioned about Title IX compliance, free speech, workforce readiness, military/veteran ties, and prior statements about privatization and higher education. Rebecca Matthews, Rachel Moyah, Ashley Ross, and Adam Kessel each described their backgrounds and goals for UWF; Kessel faced extensive questioning about his past writings on privatization, the GI Bill, and speech suppression, and said he would not recommend privatizing Florida universities and supported veterans’ education benefits. Public testimony on UWF was largely opposed, with speakers arguing the nominees lacked local ties and warning the slate would harm the university and community. The committee also heard from FAMU reappointment nominee Judge Belvin Perry, who emphasized student success, workforce quality, and FAMU’s continued rise, and from UCF nominee Mark Philburn and FSU nominee Peter Jones, both of whom highlighted their professional experience and commitment to student success and prudent stewardship. The meeting extended its time to 6:30 p.m. to continue hearing nominees and public testimony.

Transcript Highlights:

• They go through a list of factors for why they're separated out and why that separation is not unconstitutional
• My name is Julie Kerber, and I am a third-grade teacher from Ante County.
• I am a Republican and a second-grade teacher in Highlands County.
• Teachers already work beyond contracted hours grading...
• In a separate vote, the school board also must ratify that proposed contract.

Bills: S0042 , S0688 , S0762 , S1168 , S1296 , S1298 , S1300 , S1318 , S1332 , S1376 , S1548 , S1570 , S1574 , S1632 , S1634 , S1750

Committee: Senate Fiscal Policy

Summary: The committee first took up CS for SB 42 on specific medical diagnosis and child protective investigations. A late-file strike-all amendment was adopted that made only stylistic changes to align with the House version. Supporters said the bill would help DCF and child protective teams better identify rare medical conditions and give parents a chance to defend against mistaken abuse findings. The bill was then reported favorably. The committee also approved SB 1570, which restores a prior program to help locate missing persons with special needs through voluntary tracking devices and coordination with sheriff’s offices and CARD centers, with nonrecurring funding included. Members then advanced several education, disability, and public services measures. CS for CSSB 182 created a teacher training and mentoring program for high-performing current and retired teachers to mentor teachers in D- and F-rated schools, and CS for CSSB 794 required background screening for employees in residential and day training programs for people with developmental disabilities while directing APD to study support coordination quality, workforce issues, and service gaps. Testimony on SB 794 strongly supported better training, lower caseloads, and more consistent support coordination. The committee also favorably reported CS for CS SB 1168 on background screenings, CS for CS SB 214 to allow rural special districts to pay verified invoices directly, CS for SB 1376 to create grants for genetic counseling education, and SB 1574 (Maddie’s Law) to add newborn screening for biliary atresia; the latter drew emotional support and testimony that early screening could save lives and reduce transplant costs. The committee heard and passed a number of other policy bills, including CS for CS for SB 1510, the DEP agency package, after environmental groups warned that one provision could delay basin management protections and allow more septic systems in impaired watersheds; the bill still passed favorably. Members also approved CS for CS for SB 598 on funeral and cemetery regulation, SB 688 to license naturopathic doctors, SB 1318 on scholarship account reversion rules, CS for CS for SB 682 on domestic violence injunctions and penalties, SB 130 on workforce training for current and former inmates, and SB 1548, the latest Live Local affordable housing update. Several bills were briefly postponed or taken up later in the meeting. In the latter portion of the meeting, the committee approved CS for C.S. for SB 536 on criminal gang membership criteria, CS for C.S. SB 762 on assigning conflict capital cases across regional counsel offices, SB 1332 on career offender registration requirements, CS for CS for SB 1742 creating a new offense for indecent exposure of sexual organs to a child, and CS for SB 1750 increasing penalties for serious sex offenses and child sexual abuse material crimes. The committee also debated CS for SB 1226 on Public Employee Relations Commission procedures and union certification rules, including a late-file amendment setting a 60% threshold and 25% quorum for recertification; the discussion focused heavily on constitutional concerns, union rights, and differences between first responders and other public employees. The transcript ends while that bill’s debate is still underway, with the committee having already taken numerous favorable votes throughout the meeting.

Transcript Highlights:

• They go through a list of factors for why they're separated out and why that separation is not unconstitutional
• My name is Julie Kerber, and I am a third-grade teacher from Ante County.
• I am a Republican and a second-grade teacher in Highlands County.
• I'm also a seventh-grade civics teacher in Gilchrist County.
• I'm also a seventh grade civics teacher in Gilchrist County.

Summary: The committee took up a long agenda of bills, beginning with several measures that were amended and reported favorably, including a strike-all to SB 4 on child protective investigations and specific medical diagnoses, SB 1570 restoring a statewide missing-persons project for individuals with special needs, and SB 182 creating a teacher training and mentoring program for schools needing improvement. Members also advanced SB 794 on APD background screening and support coordination standards, SB 1168 on background screening for athletic coaches and related entities, and SB 214 to let rural special districts pay verified invoices directly for state- and federally funded work. Supporters emphasized improved child welfare investigations, help for families of vulnerable individuals, teacher retention, and better administrative efficiency; the APD bill drew especially strong testimony from waiver clients and providers about the importance of competent support coordinators and stable services. The committee also favorably reported SB 1376 on grants for genetic counseling education, SB 1574 requiring newborn screening for biliary atresia, SB 1510 as the DEP agency package with environmental, septic, water quality, solar, and permitting changes, and SB 598 updating funeral and cemetery licensing and consumer protections. SB 688, after a delete-all amendment, would create licensure for naturopathic doctors and a board of naturopathic medicine; it drew strong support from naturopathic advocates and sharp opposition from a critic who argued the bill would authorize diagnosis and treatment beyond appropriate limits. SB 1318 made a technical change to scholarship account reversion language, with senators clarifying that remaining funds would return to the scholarship funding organization for future use rather than to the state. Later, the committee approved SB 682 on domestic violence and protective injunctions, SB 130 on workforce training for current and former inmates, and SB 1548, the latest Live Local Act iteration expanding affordable housing options and limiting local barriers. It also reported favorably SB 536 on criminal gang membership criteria after extensive debate about constitutional issues and modern gang activity, SB 762 allowing cross-jurisdiction assignment of capital cases among regional conflict counsel offices, SB 1332 strengthening career offender registration requirements, SB 1742 creating a new offense for indecent exposure of sexual organs to a minor, and SB 1750 increasing penalties for serious sex offenses and child sexual abuse material crimes. The most contentious discussion came on SB 1226, which would overhaul Public Employee Relations Commission rules, require majority support for union certification, and impose new limits on union activities and dues-related practices; members debated constitutional concerns, differences between first responders and other public employees, and the bill’s impact on union representation and public-sector labor rights. Most bills were reported favorably by roll call, with SB 536 drawing several no votes and SB 1226 still under active debate at the end of the transcript.

Transcript Highlights:

• House Bill 1757 makes it very clear that every child who finishes third grade should have a screening
• And then once they're screened by the end of third grade, then they can go forward and identify those
• And then once they're screened by the end of third grade, then they can go forward and identify those
• It was separately funded until 2005, when it was rolled into the formula. Okay.
• And there might be separate funding, but as of now, it's not. Thank you very much.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> of our kindergarten through 12th grade of our kindergarten through 12th grade students<00:38:34.880
• </c> only three to four students per grade only three to four students per grade level<00:41:10.240><
• level, um kindergarten through grade level, um kindergarten through sixth<01:00:55.200><c> grade.
• The warrant separate school board.
• And although I know it's, you know, two separate buckets and two separate fundings, inevitably for a

Committee: House Education Policy and Administration

Transcript Highlights:

• He spends his academic portion of his day in a sub-separate classroom, but he attends specials like PE
• , library, music, lunch, and recess with all of his fourth-grade peers in an integrated setting.
• here is that as the student gets older and they move to a different school or if they move up in grades
• here is like as the student gets older and they move to a different school or if they move up in grades
• I'm a proud public educator, a fourth-grade paraprofessional and student teacher in the Cambridge Public

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Education

Summary: The Joint Committee on Education held a public hearing on a large slate of bills, with most testimony focused on two main topics: improving access to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for students with disabilities, and raising educator pay statewide. On the AAC bills (House 514/Senate 418), parents, advocates, and attorneys described how AAC devices and communication books help nonverbal or minimally verbal children communicate, participate in class, and reduce frustration and behavioral issues. Testimony emphasized that while districts are generally required to provide devices, many teachers and school staff lack training to use them effectively; the bill would direct DESE to update licensure and training requirements so newly licensed teachers are prepared to support AAC users. Committee members asked about current teacher-prep practices, implementation, and whether DESE could act without legislation, and witnesses said the proposal was intended as a long-term solution and had previously received some support and compromise language. The committee also heard extensive testimony on House 733/Senate 370, which would set a statewide minimum salary of $70,000 for teachers and $55,000 for education support professionals (ESPs/paras), with inflation adjustments and a phase-in structure that would shift costs over time from the state to municipalities. Supporters, including the bill sponsor, MTA leaders, and school employees from several districts, argued that current pay is not a living wage, contributes to staffing shortages and turnover, and forces many educators to work multiple jobs or rely on public assistance. They said the bill would help recruit and retain staff and better reflect the importance of the work. Committee members raised questions about how the state would fund the mandate, how it would interact with Chapter 70 school aid and local budgets, whether other states have similar mechanisms, and whether the proposal could create disincentives for districts already paying above the floor. Witnesses pointed to the Student Opportunity Act, the Fair Share Amendment, and the need for a broader school funding formula review as possible parts of the solution. The committee also briefly heard and discussed Senate Bill 435/House Bill 736, which would require de-escalation training for school bus operators, with the training paid for by employers. The sponsor and a parent advocate said the bill was prompted by a school bus incident involving a child with cerebral palsy and epilepsy and would improve safety and reduce reliance on law enforcement. Members asked whether the bill should also cover bus monitors and other transportation staff, and whether private contractors and public operators currently provide similar training. At the end of the hearing, the chairs closed testimony on the full list of bills and adjourned the hearing without taking any votes.

Transcript Highlights:

• Unfortunately, none of them passed, and four years later, nearly half of eighth grade boys reported having
• The California Healthy Youth Act already mandates sexual health education in grades 7 through 12, and
• One study out of New York found that a social and emotional skills training course increased grades by
• Third, create a separate safety standard for mental health.
• Companies should not grade their own homework.

Summary: The hearing was the inaugural meeting of the Assembly Select Committee on Developing Pathways to Purpose for Young Men, chaired by Assembly Member Avelino Valencia. In opening remarks, Valencia and several committee members described concerns about boys’ and young men’s disconnection from school, work, and relationships, and tied the committee’s work to technology, mentorship, education, and suicide prevention. Members repeatedly noted the effects of COVID-era screen use, the importance of positive male role models, and the need to think beyond funding alone toward broader policy and cultural changes. The first panel focused on the state of men online. Testimony from David Sakaki of the American Institute for Boys and Men, Vihon Bardwaj of Generation Up, and Dr. Alok Kanojia (“Dr. K”) emphasized that pornography, gaming, gambling, social media, and AI can meet real needs for belonging, status, and relief, while also encouraging addiction, isolation, distorted sexual expectations, and harmful comparisons. Witnesses argued that young men are especially vulnerable to algorithm-driven content, that online systems often amplify misogyny and other harmful behavior, and that public policy should address design defaults, age-appropriate sex education, gambling-like game mechanics, and offline alternatives such as sports, mentorship, and social-emotional skill building. Committee members asked about pornography, loot boxes, gambling ads, and how to create healthier substitutes for the immediate gratification these products provide. Witnesses said the answer is not to match the addictive pull of harmful content, but to build more fulfilling offline pathways and teach practical social and emotional skills. Assembly Member Brian also spoke about the need for policy frameworks that help young men and boys be seen and supported, while acknowledging that these issues affect women and girls as well. The second panel shifted to design and health impacts. Dr. Ravi Iyer, drawing on his experience at Meta, said platforms are often optimized for engagement rather than users’ aspirations, which can increase exposure to nudity, violence, hate, and unwanted sexual content; he also warned about emotionally manipulative chatbot interactions and suggested stronger rules and public tracking of app harms. Dr. Jason Nagata of UCSF described research linking problematic social media use to later ADHD symptoms in boys, and explained how social media can intensify muscularity pressures, body dissatisfaction, eating disorders, and risky appearance-modification trends such as “looksmaxxing.” No formal votes or legislative actions were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> think you can separate the two. think you can separate the two.
• Your science grades aren't meeting national standards.
• </c> grades aren't meeting national grades aren't meeting national standards.<00:48:56.400><c> Get</c
• </c><00:50:56.880><c> when</c> in kindergarten through 12th grade when in kindergarten through 12th grade
• </c><02:42:26.240><c> found</c><02:42:26.479><c> it</c> separate studies that basically found it separate

Committee: House Criminal Justice and Public Safety

Transcript Highlights:

• It's great to have the second grade teacher. Happy birthday to your mother, 87th.
• students who are in eighth grade and are ready for Algebra 1 to be able to take that course.
• I've asked them to separate the vote because I have direct access to Ms.
• Gonzalez's second grade class is still watching, they should be very proud of their teacher.
• successful they will be in school as they continue to climb up into each grade level.

Committee: Senate Rules

Transcript Highlights:

• And this is an ongoing proposal that does not separate out, because the original program separates out
• So the proposal does not separate out in place.
• So there is not a separate grant; it's a one-time apportionment that's ongoing, but the administration
• I'm part of the SSA in eighth grade.
• I'm part of the SSA in eighth grade.

Summary: The Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance held a hearing on the Governor’s proposal to convert the California Community Schools Partnership Program from a one-time grant model into an ongoing $1 billion Proposition 98 program. Finance and CDE described the expansion as a way to sustain existing community schools and add thousands more, with county offices, regional/state technical assistance centers, annual self-certification, and a future accreditation process intended to support fidelity to the state framework. The LAO opposed shifting to an ongoing categorical program and recommended continuing one-time grants, while suggesting longer-term funding for technical assistance and, if ongoing funding is adopted, stronger planning, reporting, phased expansion, and clearer accreditation timelines. Committee members pressed the administration on how the new proposal could fund far more schools with less money than the original $4.1 billion program, how much of the funding would go to existing cohorts versus new schools, and whether the proposal sufficiently requires planning and implementation before funds are received. Testimony from practitioners and advocates largely supported ongoing funding but emphasized that money alone is not enough. Speakers from LPI, CTA, San Diego Unified, Fresno County, the Partnership for the Future of Learning, and Sacramento County urged stronger requirements for shared governance, explicit commitment to the community schools framework, annual reporting beginning in year one, and continued or expanded support for coordinators and technical assistance. Several witnesses said the proposal should better protect county office coordination roles, maintain preferences for partnerships in the technical assistance structure, and ensure the system can support more than 6,000 schools. Others highlighted the need for specialized supports for middle and high schools, better integration with other state programs such as ELOP, universal meals, TK, and the LCFF equity multiplier, and more detailed accountability and accreditation processes. No formal vote was taken during the portion of the hearing reflected in the transcript. The chair indicated that the committee wanted additional information on the funding breakdown, the use of reverted funds, and the proposed support structure before taking action, and administration witnesses said a more detailed proposal would be brought forward in the May Revise.

Transcript Highlights:

• I taught kindergarten, third grade, fourth grade, fifth grade, sixth grade, and uh two different gifted
• </c><00:04:52.880><c> fourth</c><00:04:53.199><c> grade</c> kindergarten third grade fourth grade kindergarten
• third grade fourth grade fifth<00:04:53.759><c> grade</c><00:04:54.080><c> sixth</c><00:04:54.479><c
• > grade</c><00:04:55.320><c> and</c><00:04:55.800><c> uh</c><00:04:55.960><c> two</c> fifth grade sixth
• grade and uh two fifth grade sixth grade and uh two different<00:04:56.560><c> gifted</c><00:04:56.880

Summary: The House Education Committee held its organizational meeting for the new term, with members introducing themselves and describing their backgrounds in teaching, school boards, special education, administration, law, and related fields. Chair Glenn Cordelli outlined the committee’s goals and procedures, emphasizing civility, professionalism, and respectful treatment of witnesses and members. He also noted that the committee has been split into two this year because of the large volume of bills, and said the committee had already sent three bills to the other education committee, with 36 bills currently assigned and more expected. The chair reviewed committee rules and logistics: hearings should start on time, members should minimize cell phone use and avoid searching during testimony, and questioning of witnesses is limited to one question at a time unless the chair allows a follow-up. Members were told to use the title “Representative,” to sign up on pink cards to testify, and to submit written testimony to the clerk. He also explained that hearings are for listening rather than debating, while executive sessions are where debate and motions occur. Possible motions include ought to pass, inexpedient to legislate, and retain in committee for further work, including subcommittees. Additional procedures covered scheduling, with the committee expected to meet Wednesday and Thursday the following week because of a holiday, and regular meetings generally planned for Monday and Wednesday. The chair also discussed the consent calendar, reports from majority and minority positions, and the expectation that members who testify on a bill should not then question other witnesses on that same bill. No legislation was voted on at this meeting; it was a procedural and orientation session for the committee.

Transcript Highlights:

• Can you give us a grade? You ever do grades like a...?
• You ever do Can you give us a grade?
• You ever do grades<00:35:11.000><c> like</c><00:35:11.240><c> a</c> grades like a grades like a &gt;&
• ,</c><00:35:34.000><c> but</c> I'll dance around the grade, but I'll dance around the grade, but [laughter
• </c> Resources, where I think this separates Resources, where I think this separates from<00:35:50.960

Bills: HF3564

Committee: House Legacy Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• We've seen significant improvement in our literacy rates across all grade levels, but particularly in
• earlier grades.
• And sixth grade went from 1.20. Am I right for secondary? And sixth grade went from 1.20?
• And sixth grade went from 1.20? Thank you. Am I right for secondary?
• And sixth grade went from 1.20? Thank you. Going down to middle school to do this kind of thing.

Committee: House House Appropriations & Finance

Transcript Highlights:

• The tool has two separate customized experiences, one for K-12 and one for another for adults returning
• It was formerly known as the 8th grade cohort data.
• Grade and we know that there's a time of wondering for a year or two- before they can lock down on.
• The Teaching Experience Supplement allows Texas Southern to deploy tenured-grade faculty.
• I also want to highlight what separates TWU from everyone else.

Committee: House Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:

• I WILL GO THROUGH THIS SEPARATELY IN A MOMENT BUT JUST GIVING YOU THE DIFFERENT ROLLS OF THE PARTIES
• AND SOMETIMES A KID WHO CANNOT READ ON GRADE LEVEL OR DO MATH ON GRADE LEVEL WILL NOT AND SOMETIMES A
• KID WHO CANNOT READ ON GRADE LEVEL OR DO MATH ON GRADE LEVEL WILL NOT WANT TO RAISE THEIR HAND AND DO
• PROGRAMS WE FOCUS ON WHAT I WOULD SAY ARE THREE BASELINE CREDENTIALS ARE FOR ALL KIDS NO MATTER WHAT GRADE
• MONTHS FROM KIDS WHO HAVE REENTERED THE LOCAL SCHOOL AND HEARD BACK FROM WHERE THEY ARE MATCHING UP GRADE

Transcript Highlights:

• Mississippi was 49th in the country in 4th grade reading.
• readers who are in the 11th grade.
• levels in one classroom because the level of those kids whether they're fourth grade fifth grade doesn't
• four through eight, fewer than half of the grades in the state's TK-12 system.
• Schools serving grades TK-3 and grades 9-12 will never receive a growth score.

Committee: House Education

Transcript Highlights:

• They offer single-day workshops, multi-week clubs, and on-site education programs that focus on grades
• throughout the entire state and visit schools and classrooms from kindergarten up through the 12th grade
• </c> experiences to engage students in grade experiences to engage students in grade specific<00:29:43.279
• </c> a distinct experience es for each grade a distinct experience es for each grade K<00:29:59.480><
• any com a reply on that uh yes separate any com a reply on that uh yes uh<01:07:59.119><c> chair</c>

Committee: Senate Environment, Climate, and Legacy

Transcript Highlights:

• I believe that in the counting of it, the younger grades can't be more than a certain percentage, I think
• I know that generally it's in the mixed class numbers that the younger grades can't be more than 50%
• Does this work in conjunction with them, or is there any consideration, or is this just a separate new
• Consideration, or is this just a separate new program?
• And this is something separate. This would be administered by the Department of Human Services.

Committee: House A&B Human Services Subcommittee

Transcript Highlights:

• You know, how about if we just make sure that our kids are reading at grade-level proficiency?
• How about we make sure that they can do math at grade-level proficiency, rather than creating...
• How about if we just make sure that our kids are reading at grade-level proficiency?
• How about we make sure that they can do math at grade-level proficiency, rather than creating...
• violently separating Colorado immigrant families. families. families.

Summary: The Senate convened with a quorum, approved the journal, and received several committee reports and appointment recommendations. Committees reported favorably on a number of bills and appointments, including local government, health and human services, transportation and energy, business/labor/technology, and judiciary items. The chamber also announced a change on the Senate Finance Committee, with Senator Adrian Benavidez appointed to replace Senator Julie Gonzales for the remainder of the session. A major floor item was House Bill 1136, creating the Pathways to Public Service Program in the Department of Personnel and Administration to identify coursework that could qualify students for entry-level state government jobs. Supporters said it would help attract young people to public service and fill state vacancies using existing resources; opponents argued it promoted government employment over private-sector careers and could expand government unnecessarily. After debate, the Senate adopted the bill on second reading, and the Committee of the Whole report later reflected that HB 1136 passed second reading and was ordered revised and placed on the calendar for third reading and final passage. The Senate also adopted House Joint Resolution 1023 recognizing Latino/Latina Advocacy Day after reading it at length and hearing remarks in support of civic engagement and Latino participation in policymaking. In addition, the chamber concurred with House amendments to Senate Bill 74, which clarifies penalties and procedures related to excessive claims in public construction performance bond disputes; the bill then passed again on re-passage. Several other bills, including Senate Bill 63 and remaining calendar items, were laid over to later dates, and the Senate also considered and began processing consent-calendar gubernatorial appointments.

Transcript Highlights:

• The bill adds cursive writing to the statutorily required instruction for students in grades two through
• We've got Jean Rock, 10th grade from American High School, home of the Patriots. We've got Ms.
• We have Kayla Prospect, an 11th grade student from Somerset Academy in Central Miramar.
• It not only respects that separation, but also respects that independence and that expression.
• question our founders' intent of separation in church and state.

Summary: The House convened with prayer, a moment of silence for former Washington County administrator Alan Massey, and the Pledge of Allegiance, then adopted the special order report setting the day’s floor calendar. The chamber also approved the journal and moved into special-order bills. Early action included unanimous passage of CS/HB 967, which creates an electronic payment option for constituents dealing with local governments, and HB 127, which adds cursive writing to required instruction for grades 2 through 5; supporters framed both bills as modernizing basic public services and preserving literacy and heritage. HB 453 also passed unanimously, creating pathways for students in Special Olympics and marching band to satisfy physical education and arts graduation requirements. The House then took up HJR 583, a proposed constitutional amendment to protect religious expression in public schools. The resolution drew extensive debate over whether it merely codified existing law or could create ambiguity about prayer, religious speech, and discrimination issues in schools and at school events. Supporters argued it would strengthen protections for faith expression and let voters decide; opponents raised First Amendment, church-state separation, and implementation concerns, including questions about what counts as religious expression and how schools would handle potentially offensive remarks. The resolution passed 93-17. Several health-related measures followed. CS/HB 237, requiring APRNs who use the title “doctor” to clarify they are APRNs when communicating with patients, passed 111-0. CS/HB 363, creating a dental therapy license and a new mid-level dental provider to address access shortages, prompted sharp debate over training, anesthesia risk, and whether the bill would create a lower tier of care; it passed 80-29. HB 375, removing a mandatory supervision requirement for autonomous CRNAs, passed 78-28, and HB 301, authorizing psychiatric mental health APRNs to provide mental health services within existing licensure, passed 88-18. The House also passed HB 863, giving Citizens Property Insurance policyholders the choice between arbitration and court for disputes, by 105-3, and HB 1399, increasing oversight of property insurers’ affiliate transactions, by 160-3. The chamber then began consideration of a local claims bill, HB 6517, for relief related to an incident involving the City of St. Petersburg.